Module 3 The Violence of Nature
课标定位·高效导学
类别 | 课程标准要求掌握的项目 | |
重点单词 | flood n.洪水vt./vi.淹没，使泛滥 experience n.经验，经历；v.经历，体验 cause n.原因，起因；vt.促使，引起，导致 current adj.当前的，现时的；n.海流，潮流 furniture n.家具(总称) bury vt.埋葬 occur vi.发生 tropical adj.热带的 rotating adj.旋转的 violent adj.暴力的;激烈的 wave n.(热、光、声等的)波，波浪；vt./vi.挥手，挥动 | strike n.罢工，袭击；vt.击打，敲 ruin vt.毁坏；n.毁灭，废墟，遗迹 erupt vi.（火山的）爆发，喷发 tidal adj.潮汐的，有涨落的 previous adj.以前的，早先的 possibility n.可能性 terrifying adj.可怕的，吓人的 luckily adv.幸运地 thankfully adv.感谢地，感激地 hopefully adv.有希望地，满怀希望地 sadly adv.伤心地，痛心地 fortunately ad.幸运地 worldwide adj.全世界的 active adj.积极的，主动的，活跃的 damage n./v.损害，破坏 |
重点短语 | for example 例如，举例 be related to与……相关 refer to参考，涉及 on the same latitude在同一纬度 of all time有史以来 pick up拾起；<偶然>学到；接送 put down镇压；写下；放下；贬低 turn off 关闭<电灯、电视等> on the 8th September 1900 on average 一般说来，平均起来 end up <with> 以……而结束 drive back to one’s home /drive back home 驱车回家 come out 出版；宣称；结果是；开花，出现 | set fire to=set sth. on fire放火烧…… catch fire开始燃烧，着火 manage to do sth.设法完成某事 put out熄灭；出版，播出；伸出<手、脚> take place举行，发生 return to one’s home /return home /go back to one’s home /go back home 回家 according to依据，按照 make a list of列出……的清单 fall down跌倒，摔倒；<墙、建筑物>倒塌 turn over移交；翻过<书页、纸张等> come down下来；<价格、水平等>降低 act out表演出来；<想法、情感>表现出来 from side to side从一边到另一边 make a presentation of/on对……做陈述 |
功能交际 | Is it possible that there could be another earthquake there? They can destroy houses, but leave the furniture inside exactly where it was. On average, there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year, causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries.
| |
语法 | The past perfect passive By the time the tornado ended, more than 700 people had been killed.
| Indirect speech “I’m still working because there is a lot to do.” →He said that he was still working because there was a lot to do. |
Section Ⅰ Introduction, Reading and Vocabulary ＆ Function
知识整合·能力聚焦
考点搜索1：happen的用法
【例1】This is the best thing that has ever __________ me.
A. happened to B. took place C. occurred D. cared about
解析：考查动词辨析：happen to sb./sth.事情发生在……身上；临到……头上；take place（尤指经过计划或安排后）发生，举行；occur发生（正式用语，既可以指“突发性”，又可指“计划性”的发生）；come about 发生，产生（尤指不受控制地发生，常与how连用）；选项B、C、D均为不及物动词，其后不可接宾语。选项A，happen也为不及物动词，其后接宾语时，要借助介词to。
答案：A
名师点金：happen的用法
⑴happen （尤指意外）发生；
①happen to do sth.碰巧，凑巧做某事；
I happened to meet an old friend in Wuhan when I was on business last month.
上个月，当我出差去武汉的时候，我碰巧遇到了一位老朋友。
②happen to sb./sth.事情发生在……身上；临到……头上；
A funny thing happened to me on my way home last night. 昨晚我在回家的路上遇到一件好笑的事。
③It happens that +从句，凑巧的是……；
It happens that on that very day I will attend a very important sales meeting.
恰巧就在这一天我会参加一个非常重要的销售会议。
⑵take place （尤指经过计划或安排后）发生，举行；
The 16th Guangzhou Asian Games took place on November 12, 2010 while the 41st Shanghai World Expo was held on May 1st, 2010.
第16届广州亚运会在2010年11月12日举行，而第41届上海世博会在2010年5月1日举行。
What has taken place here？ 这里发生什么事了？
⑶come about 发生，产生（尤指不受控制地发生，常与how连用）
It's already 10 o'clock. I wonder how it came about that she was two hours late on such a short trip.已经十点钟了。我想知道，这么短的路程，她迟到了两个小时，怎么会发生这样的事呢？
⑷occur
①发生（正式用语，既可以指“突发性”，又可指“计划性”的发生）；
②it occurs to sb. that （主意或想法突然）浮现于脑中；
It didn’t occur to him that Mary would refuse his invitation.
他没有想到玛丽会拒绝他的邀请。
③it occurs to sb. to do sth. 使某人突然想起做某事；
I think it never occurs you to phone the police. 我想你压根儿就没想到给警方打电话吧。
⑸break out （不愉快之事）爆发，突然发生；
Tom got married to Jane before the war broke out.
汤姆和简在战争爆发前就结婚了。
注意：以上表示“发生”的词汇，均无被动语态；
原文对照：What can happen to furniture when a house is destroyed by a tornado?
考点搜索2：pick up的用法
【例2】(2010山东)Sam ______ some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it.
A. brought up B. looked up
C. picked up D. set up
解析：本题目考查动词短语辨析：bring up抚养；look up查询，仰望；pick up<偶然>学到，接送，拾起，好转，接收；set up建立，创立<公司、机构等>；竖起<标志牌、塑像等>；句意：萨姆只是通过观看别人操作电脑便学到了一些电脑知识。依据句意理解，则只有pick up符合题意。
答案：C
名师点金：pick up的用法
⑴捡起，拾起
Please pick those toys up and put them away. 请把那些玩具捡起来收好。
The phone rang and I picked it up. 电话铃响了，我接起了电话。
⑵<偶然、无意间>学会<技能、语言等>
Where did you pick up your fluent English？你一口流利的英语是从哪里学会的？
⑶接<某人>，取<某物>
I’ll pick you up at the gate of the hotel tomorrow morning.
明天早晨我在宾馆门口接你。
⑷<生意、社交生活等>改进<提高、好转>
The economy picked up slightly towards the end of the year. 将近年末的时候，经济情况有了些许好转。
⑸收听<新闻>，记录
I managed to pick up an American news broadcast.
我设法收听到一家美国电台的新闻广播。
⑹停下来让<某人>搭车<船>等
They were picked up by a little car.
他们被一辆小汽车接走了。
⑺常见与up相关的短语汇总：
①add up把……加起来②break up分解，破裂，解散
③bring up养育，抚养；提出<议题>④cut up切碎，割碎
⑤cheer up<使>高兴起来，<振作起来>⑥call up打电话；使回想起
⑦dress up装扮，打扮；对……加以修饰，美化⑧hang up挂断电话，挂起
⑨get up起床，站起来⑩hold up支撑；耽搁，推迟；
?stay up熬夜，不睡觉；?put up建造；张贴；提供膳宿；
?give up放弃，腾出<时间>；自首，投降?tear up撕碎，撕毁
?turn up调大；露面，出现；卷起，竖起<衣领>?use up用完，耗尽
原文对照：Tornadoes can pick up cars, trains and even houses and put them down in the next street-or even in the next town.
考点搜索3：take off的用法
【例3】Her business has really ___________ because of her hard working.
A. taken off B. cut off C. put off D.got off
解析：考查动词短语辨析：take off起飞，成功，脱下；cut off切断，使隔绝；put off推迟，拖延；get off下车；句意：由于她的努力付出，她的生意很快发展起来了。依据句意理解，只有A选项符合题意。
答案：A
名师点金：take off的用法
⑴脱下（衣物等），去掉（某物）
His safe arrival took a weight off my mind.
他的安全到达，让我放心了。
⑵起飞
Flight 1123 to London will take off in five minutes.file:///C:Program%20FilesYoudaoDictesultuiqueryresult.html
往伦敦的1123次班机将于五分钟后起飞。
⑶休假
She’s taking Monday off to buy some presents for his son’s birthday.
她周一请假，去给儿子买一些生日礼物。
⑷成功
I hear Gaudi’s business is really taking off.
我听说高迪的生意真的开始兴隆起来了。
原文对照：They can take the fur off the back of a cat and the feathers off a chicken.
考点搜索4：manage的用法
【例4】Your house is always so neat-how do you ______ it with three children? (2010山东)
A. manage B. serve
C. adapt D. construct
解析：考查动词辨析：manage意为“成功做某事”，相当于succeed in doing sth.；serve服务；adapt适应，改写；construct建设；句意：你的房子总是这么整洁—有三个孩子，你是怎样做到这一点的？依据句意理解，选项A符合题意。
答案：A
名师点金：manage的用法
⑴manage to do sth.= succeed in doing sth.成功做某事；设法完成某事
How did you manage to raise such a big family on such small income?
你是如何设法用这么少的收入养活这么一个大家庭的。
⑵I can manage it myself. 我自己可以应付得来。
-Could I help you carry the heavy box?
-No, thanks. I can manage it myself.
--我可以帮你搬这个重箱子吗？
--不，谢谢您。我自己可以应付得来。
⑶try/manage比较：
①try to do sth. 尽力做某事
②manage to do sth.尽力做某事（暗含成功做某事之意）
③try doing sth.尝试着做某事
Just try to stay calm whatever happens.不管发生什么事，你要尽力保持镇静。
She tried talking about the matter with Steve, but couldn’t make him ch