不定式做定语讲解

不定式做定语讲解

①不定式作定语,修饰the first,the lost,the third,中心词为不定式的执行者时用to do sth（主动式）,中心词为不定式承受者时用to be done（被动式.

He was the man to think of the plan to plant trees.

The newspaper reporter was the last to walk out of the cave.

They found the last child to be injured in the accident.

This is the third question to be discussed.

②中心词是由动词派生的名词,原动词＋不定式作宾语,wish, decision, refusal, arrangement, intention, agreement, hope, need, plan, promise, failure ,attempt

They made a decision to put off the meeting until next week.

He expressed his wish to visit the Great Wall.

He made a promise to be a good boy.

There is no need to build a dam on the small river.

③中心词是由形容词派生来的,原形容词常用不定式作状语,ability, eagerness, anxiety, patience, willingness.

A good teacher must have the ability to make himself understood.

④名词本身是抽象名词，不定式解释其中的内容，chance，plan ,means , courage, efforts, measures, movement, opportunity, power, reason, right ,skill, strength, struggle, idea ,way 这时，不定式可以换成of + doing。

In our country,everyone has the right to go to school.

He has a strange way to make his classes lively and interesting.

He thought of an idea to catch the smoke.

⑤中心词是不定式的执行者,动词不定式应后于谓语或在未来发生.

He had no photographs to remind him of the past.

We are in need of nurses to look after the patients.

Is there anybody to carry on the work?

⑥中心词是不定式的承受者,不定式应该是及物动词或相当于及物动词的短语,不定式通常不能带宾语.不定式的执行者是句子的主语,间接宾语或泛指的人,用主动式to do,强调不定式另有一个执行者,用被动式to be done.

I have a letter to post ,so I can’t go to swim with you.

I have a letter to be posted . Can you help me?

“Do you have any clothes to be washed?” asked the maid .

She has a lot of things to attend to .

Is this something to be ashamed of .

I have nothing to fear for myself.

He bought a cup to drink water with.

He is looking for a room to live in .

I have nothing really to complain about.

注意：1）中心词如果是time, place, way不定式可可省略后面的介词

He is looking for a place to live (in).

The area to be explored was 2000 miles from east to west.

Please tell me the subjects to be discussed at the next session.

注意：2）在There be句型中,to do和 to be done多数语意相同.

There is a lot to be said /to say about the subject.

⑦合成词可作前置定语

well-to-do family , this never-to-be-forgotten day, wait-and-see attitude , an easy-to-use book, do-or-die policy, difficult-to-solve problem, take-home pay, go-to-meeting clothes