写作高频分类词汇1.环保:environmentalprotection环境保护environmentally-friendly环保的preservev.保护，保存污染：Pollute=contaminate,pollutantPollution=contamination垃圾:rubbish,garbage,trash,waste,litter处理:disposeof,burn,bury(landfill),dump，recycleplasticbags,drinkingcansbiodegradablepackaging可降解包装,throwaway可丢弃的disposable可丢弃的discouragev.不鼓励燃料non-renewable不可再生的fossilfuels矿石燃料:naturalgas,coal,petroleumlimited/finitenaturalresources有限的自然资源alternativeenergy替代能源replace=substitutev.取代(windpower,hydropower水电,solar(lunar)power太阳能,nuclearpower核能radioactivityn.辐射性useup,deplete,exhaustv.用光，耗尽conservev.节省，节约,consumelessv.少消耗危害动物:poaching非法打猎，盗猎,damagenaturalhabitat破坏自然栖息地,rarebreed稀有物种,endangeredspecies濒危物种,extinctadj.灭绝(dieout,disappear),animalrightsactivist动物权益保护者,naturalreserve(giantpanda大熊猫)自然保护区,protectwildlife保护野生动物,disastrous灾难性的,devastation破坏,havedisastrouseffecton…对。。。有灾难性的影响危害植物:vegetation植被deforestation森林消失,landslide山体滑坡,危害环境:carbondioxide二氧化碳,acidrain酸雨(erode腐蚀)greenhouseeffect温室效应(worsening,deteriorate,deterioration恶化)globalwarming全球变暖ecologicalsystem=ecosystem生态系统greenbelt绿化带,sandstorm沙尘暴,(filterv.过滤)arousepeople’sawareness/consciousnessofenvironmentalprotection提高公众的环保意识2.教育学校:nursery托儿所kindergarten幼儿园primaryschool/elementaryschool小学,secondaryschool中学教育highereducation高等教育furthereducation进修教育:parenting,schooling,enroll入学admit招收，录取Parentsareobligedtodo…父母有责任、义务去做。。。compulsoryeducation强制教育、义务教育minors未成年人immature不成熟的学习的好处learnskills学习技能acquireknowledge学习知识，enrichknowledge丰富知识,widenhorizon开阔视野,inspireinterest激发兴趣,stimulateinterest激发兴趣,cultivatev.培养hobbiesdeveloppotentialsconducetomentaldevelopmentlayasolidfoundationforthefuture为将来打下坚实的基础学习上的问题:lackdiscipline缺少约束力/persistence毅力,test-orientededucation应试型教育,qualityeducation素质教育cramforexaminations突击考试,stuff塞materialsmemorise背,memorisation,rotelearning死记硬背Test-takingtechniques应试技巧坏处：discouragecriticalthinking打击评判性思维studentsstopquestioningwhattheyarebeingtaught学生们不去质问他们学习的东西conducetoacademicperformance有助学习表现Adverselyinfluence负面地影响（动作）Exertadverse/unfavorableinfluenceon对。。。产生负面影响Emphasisonmemorisationadverselyinfluencesone’sacademicperformance.Creativity创造性Comeattheexpense/costofcreativity以牺牲创造力为代价Lower/raisethestandardof…降低了。。。的水平3.新闻,媒体媒体:medium-media:readnewspaperswatchTVprogramssurftheInternetseemoviesup-to-dateinformation最新的信息,accessv.n.接触Theinternetenablespeopletohaveeasyaccesstovariousinformation.记者：reporter,journalist,paparazzi狗仔队（复数）读者群Readership观众audience报道：newscoverage好处:provideuswithrichinformation给我们提供丰富的信息,entertainus是我们得到娱乐,enablepeopletorelax使人们得到放松,disseminate/spreadknowledge传播知识,keeppeoplewell-informed使人信息灵通Convenience便利,efficiency效率download,upload,writeyourblogs,shareyourfeelingswithfriends坏处:informationoverload/explosion,信息爆炸Uncensoredinformationcorruptschildren’sminds.未经审查信息腐蚀小孩的心灵。Violencen.暴力,pornographyn.色情,obscene色情的,violent暴力的,pornographic色情的objectionablecontent不良信息cybercrime网络犯罪(financialcrime)Internet-addicted上网成瘾的isolation孤立,isolated孤立的unsociable不善社交的新闻审查制度:censorshipfilterobjectionablecontent过滤不良内容,provideasafeandpleasantcyberenvironment提供一个安全美好的网络空间invadeone’sprivacy侵犯隐私,deprivepeopleofthefreedomofspeech剥夺人们言论自由,freedomofthepress新闻自由Peoplearedeprivedofthefreedomofspeech.人们被剥夺了言论自由4.交通Meansofpublictransport:airplane,ship,cruises,ferry,coach,shuttlebus,lightrailmobility移动性pedestrian行人trafficconditions(worsen,deteriorate,gofrombadtoworse),交通状况恶化trafficregulations/codes交通规则(obey遵守,violate违背),trafficcongestions,trafficjams,heavytraffic拥挤的交通lighttraffic比较畅通的交通,crowdedstreet拥挤的道路Carsdominateourroads.车辆占满了我们的道路。vehicle车辆Traffic交通规则Drink-driving酒后驾车观点:adopteffectivetransportstrategy采取有效的交通策略traffic-calmingmeasures减轻交通拥堵的措施Relievethepressureontraffic,减轻交通方面的压力encouragepeopletousepublictransport,鼓励大家使用公交carpool拼车buildmorecyclelanes自行车道,encourageParkandRide停车换乘raisethepriceoffuels提高油价imposehighertax征收高额的税Subsidisepublictransport补贴公共交通Citycouncil市政府飞机：Noothermeansoftransportcanbecomparedwithairplanesforitsconvenienceandspeed.6.工作:Full-time,part-time,white-collar,blue-collar,semi-skilled,self-employed,freelancer,收入:income,earnings,wages,salary,职业好:enjoyable,pleasant,fascinating令人着迷的Steady稳定的providemanyopportunitiesfor…提供各种。。。的机会,givemeasenseofsatisfaction/accomplishment给我一种满足感、成就感,applywhatIhavelearnttomyjob把我学的用在工作中,putmytalentintofullplay充分发挥我的天分,improvemyinterpersonalandcommunicativeskills提高我的人际交往和交流能力,improvemyindependence独立能力,well-fare福利benefitfuturedevelopment将来的发展,不好:demanding难做的,stressful有压力的,tiring累人的,exhausting令人筋疲力尽的,boring无聊的,routinework常规工作,repetitive重复性的,workovertime/extrahours加班workaholic工作狂,repetitivestraininjuries职业病,adverseconditions恶劣的工作条件,freelancer自由职业self-employedPersonnel,humanresources人力资源7.健康healthylifestyle健康的生活方式sedentarylifestyle久坐的,anactivelifestyle积极锻炼的,excessiveintakeof…吃过多的。。fastfood快餐conveniencefood方便食品diabetes,diarrhea,respiratorydisease,nutrition营养balanceddiet均衡的饮食protein蛋白质,vitamin维生素,fibre纤维mineral矿物质,,incurabledisease绝症depression抑郁症obesity肥胖症stress-relateddiseases和压力有关的疾病therapy（非药物）治疗treatment治疗运动好处Relieve=ease=alleviate减轻stressaerobicexercises有氧运动vigorous有活力的energetic经历充沛的refreshing提神的refreshyourmindandbody提神trainyourmuscle肌肉improvebloodcirculation血液循环increaseflexibility提高灵活性drain排出cultivatestaminaandpersistence培养耐力和毅力developteamworkspirit培养团队合作精神conducetophysicalfitness身体健康jeopardize=damage危害8.家庭问题/青少年问题single-parentfamily单亲家庭,extendedfamily大家庭,minors未成年人,adolescent青春期的,sibling兄弟姊妹Peerpressure同辈人的压力foster,raise,bringup,rearachild抚养孩子,spoil溺爱,indulge放纵runwild撒野,goastray走上歧途juveniledelinquency青少年犯罪,obesity肥胖症,depression抑郁症,bullying恃强凌弱absenteeism缺席(truancy,playtruant)父母应该：giveproperparentalguidance父母的引导setexampleforchildren为孩子树立榜样encourage鼓励helpbuildupconfidence帮助建立信心motivate鼓舞disciplinetheirchildren约束孩子well-bred有教养的learnhowtobehavethemselves学会行为得体actproperly行为得体9.犯罪,社会问题criminal(offender)罪犯commitcrime犯罪,robbery抢劫,murder谋杀,prostitution卖淫,gambling赌博,drug-dealing贩毒,socialsecurity社会治安stability稳定capitalpunishment,deathpenalty死刑,sentence(v.)todeath判死刑detercrimes威慑righttolife生存权,abortion堕胎,fetuses胎儿breadwinner经济支柱rearachild养孩子offense罪,offender罪犯,compulsoryretirement强制退休nursery托儿所nursinghouse老人院longerimprisonment长期监禁10.科技technology-dependent依赖科技的,breakthroughoftechnology科技突破,technologyinnovation科技创新,innovative创新的renovatev.up-to-date/up-to-minute/cutting-edge最新的accelerate/speedupthepaceoflife加速生活节奏reshapeourlife重新塑造我们的生活improvelifequality提高生活质量convenience方便efficiency效率telecommunication电讯assemblyline流水线givepeoplemoreleisuretime给人们更多休闲时间,Thedevelopmentoftechnologyhasmadeitpossibleforpeopletodo科技的发展使人们做。。。成为可能increaselifeexpectancy增加平均寿命findcuresforsomediseasestransplantorgan移植器官two-edgesword/weapon双刃剑massdestructionweapons大规模杀伤性武器chemicalweapons化学武器11.建筑architecture建筑,architecturalstyle建筑风格,traditional传统的modern现代的,postmodern后现代的haveaestheticvalue有美学价值,energy-efficient节能的function功能functional功能型的，实用的historicsite历史遗迹culturalrelics文化遗迹nationalidentity民族特征skyscraper摩天大楼courtyarddwellings四合院well-structured结构完好的representationn.代表crystallization结晶/civilization文明exteriorappearance外表interior内部的eyesore丑的东西demolish,pulldown拆除preserve保留,devastation破坏,12．语言：lesser-usedlanguages使用很少的语言languageacquisition语言习得linguistics语言学linguist语言学家onthevergeofextinction处在灭绝的边缘universallanguage世界语intellectualdevelopment智力发展grammaticalrules语法规则context上下文technicalterms专业术语readbetweenlines读懂暗含的意思denotation字面意思connotation暗含意思implication暗含的意思13．动物：vivisection活体解剖perform/conductexperimentsonanimals在动物身上做试验animalrights动物权益cruelandbarbaric残忍和野蛮的inhumane不仁道的alternativemethods替代方式，其他方式torture折磨righttolive生命权life-threateningdiseases威胁生命的疾病medicaltechnique医疗技术clinicalresearch临床研究vaccine疫苗anatomy解剖14．文化culturaldiversity文化多元化culturaltreasures文化宝藏cross-culturalcommunication跨文化交流culturalreconstruction文化重建heritage遗产achievementsofart艺术成就humancivilization人类文明mainstreamculture主流文化culturaltraditions文化传统nationalpride民族自豪localcustomsandpractices风土人情nationalidentityandvalue民族特性和价值观venue场所spreadknowledge传播知识nurtureimagination培养想象力、becloselyinterrelatedwith…与…有密切关系causeirreversibledamage造成不可逆转的损失removeprejudiceandmisunderstanding消除偏见和误解