一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析） 1．根据短文内容选择正确答案。
A
A well-known old man was being interviewed and was asked if it was correct that he had just celebrated his ninety-ninth birthday.
“That's right.” said the old man. “Ninety-nine years old, and I haven't an enemy in the world. They're all dead.”
“Well, sir,” said the interviewer, “I hope very much to have the honour of interviewing you on your hundredth birthday.”
The old man looked at the young man closely, and said, “I can't see why you shouldn't look fit and healthy to me!”
（1）The old man said he had not an enemy in the world, which shows that he was a very _______.
A. friendly man---- he never made any enemies. B. healthy man---- he lived longer than all his enemies C. lucky man---- his enemies had all died D. terrible man---- he killed all his enemies
（2）When the interviewer said that he hoped very much to have the honour of interviewing the old man again the following year, ________.
A. he was trying to make the old man happy B. he wished he himself would live another year
C. he did not believe the old man would live to be one hundred D. he did not believe he would interview the old man again
（3）When the old man said, “I can't see why you shouldn't”, what he meant was _____________.
A. “You must try to live another year to interview me again next year.” B. “Of course you can see me again since you're so fit and healthy.” C. “If I live to a hundred years, you should interview me again.”
D. “Unless you live another year, you wouldn't be able to interview me again.” 【答案】 （1）B （2）A （3）B
【解析】【分析】本文讲一个高龄老人的语言智慧。
（1）细节理解。根据老人说 I haven’t an enemy in the world. They’re all dead.可知老人是一
个健康的人，他的敌人都死了。故选B。
（2）推理判断。根据句中的词hope；have the honour of等可知记者是祝愿老人健康长寿，故选A。
（3）推理判断。本句的意思是：我实在看不出你为什么会认为没有机会再采访我,你看起来还象我一样健康着呢。记者本是好意祝愿老人长寿，但是听起来好像是老人活不过一百岁似的。老人用开玩笑的方式来缓和记者说错话的尴尬。故选B。
【点评】故事类阅读要紧扣故事的时间线索，人物间的关系，故事的发展和结局，点明的主旨等信息。答题时注意问题中的关键词在文章中的准确定位，根据关键词查找信息，切忌主观臆断，凭感觉做题
2．阅读理解
Everybody hates rats. But rats may soon be man's new good friends. What happens after an earthquake? We send in rescue dogs. Why? Because they can smell people. Dogs save lives. They help rescuers to find living people. But dogs are big and they can't get into small spaces. So now a new research project is using a smaller animal to save lives: the rat.
How does it work? First, the rat is trained to smell people. When this happens, the rat's brain gives a signal. This is sent to a small radio on its back, and then the rescuers follow the radio signals. When the rat's brain activity jumps, the rescuers know that someone is alive. The rat has smelled that person.
Although there are already robots which can do this job, rats are better. Robots' noses don't work well when there are other smells around. Rats are good at that. Rats can also see in the dark, they are cheaper and quicker to train than dogs, and unlike robots, they don't need electricity!
The \"rat project\" is not finished. But a scientist says, \"It would be great. A rat could get into any place we couldn't get to, and a rat would get out if it wasn't safe.\" Perhaps for the first time in history, people will be happy to see a rat in a building （but only after an earthquake, of course）.
（1）Where do you think you can find this passage? A. In a magazine about toys. B. In a history book. C. In a newspaper about science. D. In an advertisement. （2）Which of the following is NOT TRUE?
A. Rats don't need electricity. B. Rats are better than robots when smelling. C. Rats are as clever as radios. D. Rats can see things in the dark when doing rescues. （3）Why does the \"rat project\" sound great according to the passage?
A. Because rats can get into very small spaces. B. Because rats have better noses than dogs. C. Because rats don't like robots. D. Because rats are brave. （4）Which is the best title of this passage?
A. Ways of saving people B. Rats C. Earthquakes D. Rats for rescue 【答案】 （1）C （2）C
（3）A （4）D
【解析】【分析】主要讲了老鼠是怎样营救人的。
（1）推断题。根据全文可知主要讲了老鼠救人，所以可以在关于科学的报纸上发现，故选C。
（2）细节题。根据This is sent to a small radio on its back, and then the rescuers follow the radio signals.可知信号被发送给收音机，而没有说老鼠和收音机一样聪明，故选C。 （3）细节题。根据\"It would be great. A rat could get into any place we couldn't get to, and a rat would get out if it wasn't safe.\"可知是因为老鼠可以去非常小的地方，故选A。 （4）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了老鼠是怎样营救人的。故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
3．阅读理解
In the summer between my first year and second year in college, I was invited to be an instructor（辅导员）at a high school camp. On the first day, when we were dancing and playing games, I noticed a boy under the tree who was small and thin. His shyness made him appear weak. I walked towards him, introduced myself and invited him to join in the activities and meet some new people. He quietly replied, \"No, I really don't want to do this.\" I could understand that he was in a new world but I knew it wouldn't be right to force him either. Actually, the boy didn't need a close talk but a friend.
At lunch the next day, I was leading camp songs when I saw the boy under the tree sitting alone. I tried again with the same invitation, but he refused once again. That evening I was told the boy's name was Tommy. Then I asked the campers to pay special attention to the boy and spend time with him when they could.
The days went by and the time came when we had to leave. We held a big, warm party to celebrate the closing of the camp. All the campers shared their wonderful moments. To my surprise, I found the boy from under the tree dancing joyfully with two girls. I couldn't believe it was the same person.
In October of my second year, I received a phone call from Tommy's mother. She told me that Tommy was hit by a car and died. I offered my deep sadness. The mother said, \"Tommy mentioned you so many times. I want you to know that he went back to school and made new friends with confidence. You made a difference to Tommy during his last months.\"
At that moment, I realized how easy it was to give a bit of yourself every day. You may never know how much each gesture may mean to someone else. I hope that everyone can pay attention to his own \"boy under the tree\".
（1）Before the writer came to the high school summer camp, he was a（n） . A. instructor B. camper C. student D. reporter （2）How many times did the writer invite the boy to join in the activities?
A. Once. B. Twice. C. Three times. D. Many times. （3）Which is the CORRECT order about the story？ ①The boy danced joyfully with two girls.
② The boy went back to school and made new friends. ③ The boy refused to join in the activities. ④The boy's mother made a phone call to the writer.
A. ①②③④ B. ②③①④ C. ③①②④ D. ④③②①
（4）From Paragraph 4, we can infer that Tommy's mother was very to the writer. A. thankful B. helpful C. faithful D. harmful 【答案】 （1）C （2）B （3）C （4）A
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了作者曾给一个男孩精神上的帮助，让大家指代每天给自己一点自信是多么容易。
（1）推理题。根据 In the summer between my first year and second year in college, I was invited to be an instructor（辅导员）at a high school camp 在大学一年级和二年级之间的那个夏天，我被邀请去当一名教师（辅导员）在一个高中营地可知， 在作家来到高中夏令营之前，他是名学生，故选C。
（2）细节题。根据 invited him to join in the activities和 I tried again with the same invitation 可知， 作者邀请这个男孩参加了2次活动，故选B。
（3）细节题。根据全文描述可知最初男孩拒绝参加活动，后来男孩和两个女孩快乐地跳舞， 这个男孩回到学校，交了新朋友， 男孩的母亲给作家打了一个电话，故是C选项的排序是正确的，故选C。
（4）推理题。根据 Tommy mentioned you so many times. I want you to know that he went back to school and made new friends with confidence. You made a difference to Tommy during his last months 汤米多次提到你。我想让你知道，他回到学校，自信地交了新朋友。在汤米的最后几个月里，你改变了他 可知， 汤米的母亲对作家很感谢 ，故选A。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
4．阅读理解
Grace Murray was born on December 9, 1906 in New York City. In 1928 she finished her education in Vassar College in Maths and Physics. Since 1931, she had been teaching at Vassar and continued her study at Yale University, where she achieved a lot in Maths in 1934.
In 1930, Grace Murray married Vincent Foster Hopper. They were happy together for 15 years. She taught at Vassar College until 1943, when she joined the United States Navy（海军）to help her country during World War Ⅱ.Then she was given a job at the Bureau of Ships Computation Project at Harvard University, where she worked on the Mark series of computers.
In 1945, she began to do research in Applied（应用）Physics at Harvard's Computation Laboratory. In 1949 she joined the Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation and worked with people working in it. Years later, she returned to the Navy. She retired in 1971 but continued teaching for the computer development. Brewster Academy, a school in Wolfeboro, New Hampshire, the United States, gave its computer lab to her for free in 1985, calling it the Grace Murray Hopper Centre for Computer Learning. She had spent her childhood summer at a local family in Wolfeboro. She passed away in her sleep in 1992. Since her death, her workmate Elenor Briggs has been going on with her work.
Grace Murray was a great woman and a leader in the computer development. Her work helped improve the use of computer languages. She practised her words\" Dare and Do\" in her lifetime. （1）How many years did Grace Murray teach at Vassar?
A. About 2 years. B. About 6 years. C. About 12 years. D. About 18 years. （2）Before she joined the United States Navy, what did Grace Murray do at Yale University? A. She studied Maths. B. She researched Applied Physics.
C. She developed computer languages. D. She worked on the Mark series of computers. （3）Why did the school in Wolfeboro give its computer lab to Grace Murray for free? A. Because the lab was built with her help. B. Because she once spent some time there. C. Because Wolfeboro was her home town. D. Because she once taught there. （4）The underlined phrase \"passed away\" in Paragraph 3 means\" \". A. worked B. died C. waited D. dreamed 【答案】 （1）C （2）A （3）B （4）B
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了Grace Murray的一生。
（1）细节题。根据 Since 1931, she had been teaching at Vassar and continued her study at Yale University 从1931年起，她一直在瓦萨任教，She taught at Vassar College until 1943，直到1943年，可知格蕾丝·默里在瓦萨教了大概12年书 ， 故选C。
（2）推理题。根据 Since 1931, she had been teaching at Vassar and continued her study at Yale University, where she achieved a lot in Maths in 1934. 自1931年以来，她一直在vassar教书，并继续在耶鲁大学学习，1934年在那里她在数学方面取得了很大成绩，可知在加入美国海军之前，格雷斯·默里在耶鲁大学教数学 ， 故选A。
（3）推理题。根据She had spent her childhood summer at a local family in Wolfeboro 她在沃尔夫博罗的一个当地家庭度过了童年的夏天 可知沃尔夫博罗的学校免费把它的计算机实验室给格雷斯·默里因为她曾经在那里呆过一段时间 ， 故选B。
（4）词义猜测题。根据 Since her death自从她死后，可知 passed away是去世的意思 ， 故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。
5．阅读理解
There are few families in the United States that do not have either a radio or a television set. Both of them have become necessary parts of our daily life, keeping us Americans filled with the news of the day, teaching us in many fields of interest, and making us happy with singing, dancing and acting.
Marconi, the Italian inventor, who gave us the radio, probably didn't know how much his great invention would have done for the world in the years to come. Radio had, perhaps done as much as any other communication tool. Things of the world can be reported to people everywhere a few seconds after they happen. Travellers in out-of-the-way places, ships at sea and even astronauts around the Earth are able to keep in touch with each other by radio.
Television is another important invention. It lets us see as well as hear the actor. Since its appearance, TV has done a great deal in the daily life of people everywhere. Many programmes are now televised in colour.
Perhaps the most modern invention is \"Telstar\a \"star\" moving around the Earth. It makes it possible for people all over the world to be closer than ever before. Now a family in Chicago can watch a motorcar race in Italy, a table tennis competition in Beijing or a volleyball match in Japan on TV as these events are actually happening!
（1）The passage tells us that in the USA have no radios or television sets. A. a large number of homes B. all the families C. a small number of families D. quite a few homes
（2）Why does the passage say radio and TV have become necessary parts of our daily life? A. Because they have included nearly everything in our life. B. Because man would not live happily without them. C. Because they are the only ways to spread information. D. Because no communication means no life.
（3）What is the use of a \"Telstar\" according to the passage? A. To receive and store information only. B. To move around the Earth just like the Moon. C. To give light onto the Earth at night.
D. To help broadcast radio or TV information to the world. （4）Who do you think the writer of the passage is？
A. An Italian. B. A Japanese. C. An American. D. A Chinese reporter. 【答案】 （1）C （2）A （3）D （4）C
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了电视在美国生活中的重要性。
（1）细节题。根据There are few families in the United States that do not have either a radio or a television set，可知在美国少数家庭没有收音机或电视机 ， 故选C。
（2）推理题。根据Both of them have become necessary parts of our daily life可知， 因为它
们几乎包含了我们生活中的一切所以广播和电视已经成为我们日常生活中不可或缺的一部分 ， 故选A。
（3）推理题。根据It makes it possible for people all over the world to be closer than ever before这使得全世界的人比以往任何时候都更亲近可知Telstar 帮助向世界广播电台或电视信息 ，故选D。
（4）推理题。根据keeping us Americans filled with the news of the day使我们美国人充满了一天中的新闻可知作者是美国人，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
6．阅读理解
It is a cold and dry winter morning. When you wake up, you feel that your throat hurts. You begin to sneeze and later you may cough. You must have a cold！Wait a moment. Could it just be a common cold or the flu（流感）that's been going around？
A cold gives you a runny nose and cough. But it's usually easy to deal with. Some people take medicine while others drink herbal tea or chicken soup. Usually you feel better after a week. On the other hand, the flu can be much more dangerous. It usually gives you fever. Sometimes it can cause death. According to an American magazine, the worst flu killed about 50 million people from 1918 to 1919.
Don't worry. If you get a flu vaccine（疫苗）, it can stop you from getting the virus（病毒）.Flu vaccines work by giving the body a small number of flu viruses. This causes your body to develop antibodies（抗体）. So next time you get the flu, the antibodies will help you. The flu virus changes every few years. Therefore, there are so many types of flu, such as HlN1 and H5N1.The antibodies for one type of flu can't help us against all types of flu. That's why we need to get the vaccine every year.
However, good healthy habits may also help stop you developing a cold or flu. Washing your hands often helps stop you from getting viruses. It is also important to get regular exercise and eat healthy food. All these can help you strengthen（增强）your immune system（免疫系统）. （1）If you have a common cold, usually you'll feel better after .
A. a week B. two weeks C. ten days D. twenty days （2）According to the passage, which is TRUE of the flu？
A. It first happened in 1919. B. It usually doesn't give you fever. C. It is easy to deal with. D. It can kill people sometimes. （3）If you get a flu vaccine, . A. it can't stop you from getting the flu virus B. it won't cause your body to develop antibodies C. your body will develop antibodies
D. your body will get a large number of flu viruses
（4）We need to get a flu vaccine every year because .
A. we probably have a cold in winter B. the flu virus changes every few years
C. the flu is very dangerous D. you don't need to take any medicine after that 【答案】 （1）A （2）D （3）C （4）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意： 这篇短文主要讲述了流感的危害以及预防流感的方法。 （1）细节理解题。根据第二段Usually you feel better after a week.描述可知通常一周后你就会好转，故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段Sometimes it can cause death. 描述，可知流感有时能致死。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段If you get a flu vaccine （疫苗）， …This causes your body to develop antibodies （抗体），可知你的身体会产生抗体，故选C。
（4）细节理解题。根据短文倒数第二段 The flu virus changes every few years.… That's why we need to get the vaccine every year，可知流感病毒每几年就变异一次，故选B。 【点评】 考查阅读理解。细节题要注意从文中寻找答案，需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，得出正确答案。
7．阅读理解
When doing his math homework, Lu Lifei, 14, from Jiangsu, came across a problem. He couldn't work it out. So he took out his cellphone and searched the problem. The answers soon appeared on the screen.
Nowadays, many students do homework with the help of the Internet like Lu. They search information online, use apps or discuss through social networks like QQ and WeChat. \"It's convenient. You don't have to wait, \" Lu said. \"You also learn by watching how others work them out.\" \"It also improves students' abilities, \"said Wang Shiying, 15, from Shanghai. \"And it's especially true for new types of homework.\"
Wang's Chinese teacher often asks students to give speeches on great writers. When it comes to Wang's turn, she usually searches online, learns about certain stories and makes slides（幻灯片）by herself. \"I've become good at finding information online and using Microsoft Office, \"Wang said.
However, this trend（趋势）also brings up problems. Some students just copy the answers online without thinking. They become lazy. Huang Pengxiang, a head teacher from Shanxi said that knowing how to use the Internet is important. The key is to have good self-control. \"No matter how difficult the problem is, think about it independently first, \"Huang said. \"Be sure to understand the reasons behind the answers, or you won't make progress. If you're not confident about your self-control, ask your parents for help.\"
（1）Lu Lifei worked out his math problem by _________.
A. searching on the cellphone B. getting help from his classmate C. asking his teacher for help D. thinking by himself （2）The underlined word \"It\" in Paragraph 2 refers to _________.
A. using QQ to help with homework B. doing homework with the help of the Internet C. using WeChat to help with homework D. doing homework with the help of the apps （3）According to the last paragraph, Huang Pengxiang thinks the key to using the Internet is _________.
A. to have enough time B. to have enough money C. to have good self-control D. to have great interest （4）Which of the following shows the writer's opinion? A. Lu Lifei uses the cellphone to search the problem. B. Wang Shiying often finds information online. C. Wang's teacher often asks students to give speeches.
D. This trend also brings up problems and makes students become lazy. 【答案】 （1）A （2）B （3）C （4）D
【解析】【分析】文章大意：如今，许多学生都像陆一样借助互联网做家庭作业。这位学生代乐乐极大的方便，但是也随之产生了一些问题，学生只看答案，而不求理解，这样就不会去思考，会变得越来越懒惰。
（1）细节理解题，根据 He couldn't work it out. So he took out his cellphone and searched the problem. 可知他用手机搜索答案，故答案是A。
（2）词义指代题，根据前面的叙述可知it指代的是借助收集在网上搜寻答案的事，故答案是B。
（3）细节理解题，根据 Huang Pengxiang, a head teacher from Shanxi said that knowing how to use the Internet is important. The key is to have good self-control. 可知，他认为使用网络的关键是有了好的自我控制力，故答案是C。
（4）细节理解题，根据 However, this trend（趋势）also brings up problems. Some students just copy the answers online without thinking. They become lazy. 可知，作者的观点是这种趋势也带来了问题，让学生变得懒惰，故答案是D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和词义指代题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案，词义指代题需要结合语境理解语境内容，确定代词指代的是什么。
8．阅读理解
When we think of paper, we think of newspapers and books. But there are many other uses. Only half of the world's paper is used for books and newspapers.
Paper is very good for keeping you warm. You have perhaps seen homeless men sleep on a large number of newspapers. In Finland, it is sometimes-40℃ in winter. The farmers wear paper boots（靴子）in the snow. Nothing could be warmer.
Each year, more and more things are made of paper. We have had paper cups and plates for a long time. But now we hear that chairs, tables, and even beds can be made of paper. Besides paper boots and shoes, you can wear paper hats, paper dresses, and paper raincoats. When you have used them once, you may throw them away and buy new ones.
The latest use of paper seems to be paper houses. These are not small houses for children to play in, but real, big houses for people to live in. You can buy a house with three rooms for about 500 dollars. You can put it up by yourself in a few hours, and you can use it for about five years. （1）Only half of the world's paper is used to _________. A. build houses
B. help the homeless people C. make chairs, tables and beds D. print（印刷）newspapers and books
（2）The farmers in Finland wear paper boots in winter _________. A. to feel much cooler B. to be cool
C. to keep their feet warm D. to save a lot of money
（3）The latest use of paper seems to be paper houses. These houses are _________. A. big and strong enough to live in for many years B. made for children to play in or for homeless men to live in C. made only for the rich people D. not expensive and easy to build up
（4）After you use a paper raincoat, you may _________.
A. use it for a long time B. sell it to others C. lend it to others D. throw it away 【答案】 （1）D （2）C （3）D （4）D
【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文介绍了纸的新用途，可以用来做靴子，做帽子、做纸裙、做纸雨衣还能建造房子，这样的房子可以使用五年。
（1）细节理解题，根据 Only half of the world's paper is used for books and newspapers. 可知，世界上只有一半的纸用来印刷报纸和书，故答案是D。
（2）逻辑推理题，根据 The farmers wear paper boots（靴子）in the snow. Nothing could be warmer. 可知芬兰的农民穿纸靴子保暖，故答案是C。
（3）细节理解题，根据You can buy a house with three rooms for about 500 dollars. You can put it up by yourself in a few hours, and you can use it for about five years.可知纸房子不贵也很容易搭建，故答案是D。
（4）细节理解题，根据 When you have used them once, you may throw them away and buy new ones. 可知纸雨衣用过之后会扔掉，故答案是D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和逻辑推理题。细节理解题可以直接从文中
寻找答案；逻辑推理题需要结合具体语境，有已知内容推出未知的可能的事实。
9．阅读理解
Learn English in New Zealand Learn English in New Zealand at Language Schools New Zealand （LSNZ）. Our Christchurch and Queenstown schools in the South Island of NZ are the perfect places to learn English. What is your dream? Do you dream of speaking English very well? Do you dream of travel, making friends, a lifestyle using English? LSNZ will help you to achieve your dream! Language Schools New Zealand Christchurch and Queenstown are in the fascinating South Island of New Zealand. Both English schools are fully recognized （认证） by NZQA and are in beautiful NZ places. LSNZ offers many kinds of English courses including General English, Exam Preparation9 Study & Ski and more. Our friendly hard-working staff have helped many students from all over the world achieve their dream of using English in their lives. We invite you too to become a member of the LSNZ family. LSNZ English Courses Enroll （注册） now for a LSNZ English course—we promise your English will improve and offer 2 NZ schools with excellent teachers and small class sizes. ●General English ●IELTS ●Study & Ski ●Combo Course Cambridge, Toeic & Pitmans Exam preparation courses are also offered at both schools. （1）According to the text, Chrlstchurch and Queenstown schools ______. A. lie in the North Island B. are members of LSNZ C. own the perfect places to visit D. teach only local students （2）The text tells us that LSNZ ______.
A. provides over four courses B. practices large-class teaching C. designs lots of exams D. has many teachers from abroad （3）Those who want to ______ will most probably be interested in this text. A. look for jobs at LSNZ B. build language schools C. improve their English D. learn about New Zealand 【答案】 （1）B （2）A （3）C
【解析】【分析】主要讲了在LSNZ学习英语将帮助实现你的梦想及LSNZ课程。 （1）细节题。根据Our Christchurch and Queenstown schools in the South Island of NZ are the perfect places to learn English.可知Christchurch和Queenstown学校是LSNZ学习英语的好地方，即是LSZN的成员，故选B。
（2）细节题。根据●General English●IELTS●Study & Ski●Combo●CourseCambridge, Toeic & Pitmans Exam preparation courses are also offered at both schools.可知提供了5个课程，故选A。
（3）细节题。根据Enroll （注册） now for a LSNZ English course—we promise your English will improve可知LSNZ许诺会提高学生们的英语，所以想提高英语的人对本文感兴趣，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
10．阅读理解
School is a good place for us to study. Yet sometimes, it's easy for us to have accidents there. Experts suggest that right safety training could avoid 80% of these accidents. Here are parts of safety rules in some countries.
In China, fire training at school is common to teach students to deal with emergencies （紧急情况）. During the training，students hurry to the playground with a wet cloth covering their mouth. Fire training is held each term. In Japan, public elementary schools hold earthquake training once a month. They teach students how to escape during an earthquake without pushing. Most US school buildings have fire escapes on each floor. A fire escape has platforms（露台） with ladders（梯子）. In many middle schools in the UK, students can choose to take a bicycle course. There, they learn how to ride to school safely. （1）Students should receive right safety training because _______. A. it is easy B. it could avoid most of these accidents C. it is interesting D. it is accepted by the teachers
（2）If there is a fire, Chinese students should go to the playground hurriedly _______. A. with a wet cloth covering their mouth B. by using ladders C. by bike D. by pushing each other （3）This passage mainly talks about _______.
A. how to escape from earthquakes B. how to put out the fire C. some school safety rules in some countries D. a bicycle course 【答案】 （1）B （2）A （3）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：校园是学习的地方，也是事故高发地，短文介绍了几个国家有关学校的安全规则。
（1）细节理解题，根据 Experts suggest that right safety training could avoid 80% of these accidents. 可知接受正确的安全训练，可以避免大部分的事故。故答案是B。 （2）细节理解题，根据 fire training at school is common to teach students to deal with emergencies （紧急情况）. During the training，students hurry to the playground with a wet cloth covering their mouth. Fire training is held each term. 可知，在中国，火灾发生的时候，学生应该用湿毛巾捂住嘴迅速跑到操场，故答案是A。
（3）主旨大意题，根据文章内容可知，短文主要介绍了介个国家的学校安全规则，故答案是C。
【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及到了细节理解题和主旨大意题，细节理解题一般可直接从文中找到答案，主旨大意题需要在充分理解文章的基础上归纳文章的中心，选出正确答案。
11．阅读理解
It's a cold, grey Sunday afternoon in March. The British are all working in their gardens. They're digging, cutting leaves and planting new seeds（种子）. By summer, their gardens will be full of bright colors.
The British love their gardens. A British newspaper recently asked people for their opinions about them. Around 70% of the people felt it was important to spend time in the garden, and over 50% of these described gardening as the most enjoyable thing they ever did.
Only one in ten houses in Britain do not have a garden. People who live in houses without gardens often rent（租用） land from the government.
At first, only very rich people had gardens. You can still see the gardens around houses with a long history, such as Chatsworth House or Castle Howard. In the early twentieth century, however, gardening became a hobby. People bought different kinds of seeds and plants for their gardens. Although roses, sunflowers and tomatoes are often grown in British gardens, they originally（起初） grew wild in other countries.
Every year, there are competitions for the largest vegetables, but don't expect to win：Britain's biggest carrot is almost six metres long.
（1）In summer, British gardens are often . A. covered with grey leaves and plants B. colorful with different plants C. too hot for people to work there D. full of people digging there
（2）A recent survey showed that of the British felt it important to do some gardening. A. around 70% B. over 50% C. only 20% D. about 10% （3）We can infer from Paragraph 4 that . A. seeds were provided for free B. roses were first grown in Britain C. gardening is a hobby in the world D. the owner of Chatsworth House was rich
（4）What does the writer mean by the underlined sentence? A. It is common to grow carrots. B. It is hard to win the competition. C. The carrot is much easier to grow. D. The carrot is their favorite vegetable. 【答案】 （1）B （2）A （3）D （4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是讲述了英国人喜欢种花园的事情。
（1）细节题。根据By summer, their gardens will be full of bright colours.可知是五颜六色的植物，故选B。
（2）细节题。根据Around 70% of the people felt it was important to spend time in the garden，可知大概70%人们觉得花时间在花园里很重要 ，故选A。
（3）推理题。根据At first, only very rich people had gardens. You can still see the gardens around houses with a long history, such as Chatsworth House，可知Chatsworth House得主人是富有的，故选D。
（4）词义猜测题。根据Every year, there are competitions for the largest vegetables, but don't expect to win: Britain's biggest carrot is almost six metres long. 可知想要超过6米长的胡萝卜很难，所以赢比赛很难，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。
12．阅读理解
Populations of white-tailed deer（白尾鹿） are growing rapidly in many parts of the United States. As populations grow, food becomes a problem. Many deer die of hunger. Others grow up small and unhealthy. In search of food, hungry deer move closer to where humans live. They eat farm crops, vegetables and even trees. Besides, increased numbers of deer near roads can cause traffic accidents.
People admire the grace and fast speed of deer. Most people don't want these animals to be hungry and ill. Should people take action to control the growing deer populations? Should People Take Direct Action?
Many people think that hunting（打猎） is the best way to control the animal populations. Wildlife managers will see if there's enough food in an area and decide its carrying capacity（容量）. Then hunters with licenses are sent to help control the number of deer. Hunting is usually not allowed in cities or suburbs, however.
Some people have the idea to catch the deer and move them to other places. But this method is expensive and requires finding another place that can accept the deer without breaking the balance of ecosystem（生态系统）.
Scientists are also working to develop chemicals（化学药品） to control the birth rate（率） in deer populations. But this plan works for only one year at a time. Should People Take Indirect Action?
Some suggest bringing in natural enemies of deer, such as wolves, lions and bears, to areas with too many deer. But these animals could also hurt dogs, cats, and even humans. Other communities have built tall fences（篱笆） around areas to keep out the deer. However, this is impossible for farmers. ▲
Some people are against any kind of action. They support leaving the deer alone. Animal populations in an area naturally go up and down over time. Doing nothing means that some deer will die of hunger or illness. But finally, the population will reach a size within the carrying capacity（容量） of the environment. So, let nature go its own way.
（1）According to the passage, increased numbers of deer can bring to people in the area. A. water pollution B. traffic accidents C. serious illnesses D. growing populations （2）Which of the following is the best to fill in the \" ▲ \" in the passage? A. Should People Do Nothing? B. Should People Protect the Deer? C. Should People Take Special Action? D. Should People Drive the Deer Away? （3）The writer most probably agrees that . A. farmers can build fences to keep the deer out B. people should leave the deer alone in the wild C. hunting is the best way to control the deer populations D. it's great to catch the deer and move them to other places （4）The writer organizes this passage by .
A. telling stories B. using numbers C. giving opinions D. describing scenes （场景） 【答案】 （1）B （2）A （3）B （4）C
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了美国的白尾鹿数量激增，有人认为应该采用直接的方法控制白尾鹿的数量，而一些人认为需要使用间接的方法控制白尾鹿的数量。
（1）细节题。根据Besides, increased numbers of deer near roads can cause traffic accidents. 可知白尾鹿数量的增加可导致交通事故的发生，故选B。
（2）推理题。根据最后一段的描述可知，主要讲述反对采取措施的人的观点，根据前两部分标题的构成，本部分的标题为“人们应该不管吗”，故选A。
（3）推理题。根据 So, let nature go its own way.可知，作者支持不采取让和措施的方法，故选B。
（4）推理题。作者通过例举打猎， 将鹿的天敌，如狼、狮子和熊引入鹿太多的地区等例子，可知本文主要是通过列举不同的观点来组织材料的，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
13．阅读理解
Sometimes I really doubt whether there is love between my parents. Every day they are very busy trying to make money for my schooling.
One day, my mother was sewing a quilt（缝被子）.I silently sat beside her. \"Mom, is there love between you and Dad? \"I asked in a very low voice.
With surprise in her eyes, she stopped her work for a while. Then she said, \"Susan, look at this thread（线）.It can hardly be seen, but it's really there. It makes the quilt strong. If life is a quilt, love should be a thread. Love is inside.\"
I couldn't understand her until the next spring. At that time, my father suddenly got sick seriously. My mother had to stay with him in the hospital for a month.
After they were back, my mother helped my father walk slowly on the country road every day. They were so kind to each other and it seemed they were the happiest couple. After two months my father still couldn't walk by himself. \"Dad, how are you feeling now? \"I asked him one day.
\"Susan, don't worry about me, \"he said. \"I just like walking with your mom. I like this kind of life.\" Reading his eyes, I knew he loves my mother deeply.
Now I understand that love is just a thread in the quilt of our life. Love is inside, making life strong and warm.
（1）Susan's father stayed in hospital for _________.
A. one day B. one month C. two months D. three months （2）Susan came to understand her mother _________. A. while her mother was sewing a quilt B. before her father was in hospital C. when she was sitting beside her mother D. after her father was seriously sick
（3）What can we know from the passage? A. Susan's father is very lazy. B. Susan's mother is a nurse. C. Susan's parents love each other. D. Susan doesn't like her father.
（4）Which of the following could be the best title for the passage? A. How to make a quilt strong B. Love is just a thread C. Walking on the country road D. A seriously sick father 【答案】 （1）B （2）D （3）C （4）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：作者通过讲述妈妈缝被子的事，明白了爱只是我们生活被子
里的一根线。爱是内在的，让生活变得坚强和温暖。
（1）细节理解题，根据 My mother had to stay with him in the hospital for a month. 可知爸爸在医院待了一个月，故答案是B。
（2）细节理解题，根据 I couldn't understand her until the next spring. At that time, my father suddenly got sick seriously. My mother had to stay with him in the hospital for a month. 可知，当爸爸生了重病时，作者才理解了她的妈妈，故答案是C。
（3）逻辑推理题，根据 I just like walking with your mom. I like this kind of life. 可知作者的父母是彼此相爱的，故答案是C。
（4）标题判断题，根据 Now I understand that love is just a thread in the quilt of our life. 可知文章的标题是：爱就是一条线，故答案是B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、逻辑推理题和标题判断题几种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；逻辑推理题需要联系上下文，按照一定的逻辑推理方式推断出需要的信息；标题判断题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想，最后凝练句式获取答案。
14．阅读理解
Australia is the largest island in the world. It is a little smaller than China. It is in the south of the earth. Australia is big, but its population is small. The population of Australia is nearly as large as that of Shanghai.
Enough laws（法律） have been made to fight against pollution. The cities in Australia have got little air or water pollution. The sky is blue and the water is clean. You can clearly see fish swimming in the rivers. Plants grow very well.
Last month we visited Perth, the biggest city in western Australia and went to a wild flowers exhibition.
There we saw a large number of wild flowers we had never seen before. We had a wonderful time. Perth is famous for its beautiful wild flowers. In spring every year, Perth has the wild flowers' exhibition. After visiting Perth, we spent a day in the countryside. We sat down and had a rest near a path at the foot of a hill. It was quiet and we enjoyed ourselves. Suddenly we heard bells ringing at the top of the hill. What we saw made us pick up all our things and run back to the car as quickly as we could. There were about three hundred sheep coming towards us down the path.
Australia is famous for its sheep and kangaroos. After a short drive from any town, you will find yourself in the middle of white sheep. （1）Australia is .
A. the largest country in the world B. larger than China C. as large as Shanghai D. not so large as China （2）In Perth, you may visit a wild flowers' exhibition in .
A. October B. January C. May D. July （3）Which of the following sentences is TRUE? A. All the big cities in Australia are seriously polluted.
B. Australia is famous for its sheep, kangaroos and large population. C. We ran back to the car because we were in the middle of the white sheep. D. If you go to the countryside in Australia, you will see a large number of white sheep. 【答案】 （1）D （2）A （3）D
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了澳大利亚的人文环境和景色。
（1）细节题。根据文章提到的 It is a little smaller than China. 可知，它比中国小一点，故选D。
（2）推断题。根据文章提到的 In spring every year, Perth has the wild flowers' exhibition 可知，在春天，可以看花展，结合澳大利亚和北半球季节相反，可知它的春天在10月，故选A。
（3）细节题。根据文章提到的 After a short drive from any town, you will find yourself in the middle of white sheep. 可知，可以看到很多山羊，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
15．阅读理解
I often hear some students say English is difficult, and it gives them a headache. So they can't learn it well. But English is very easy for me. I'm good at it. I'm very glad to tell you something about how I study English.
First, I think an interest in English is very important. When I was in Grade One, we had a new subject-English. It was fresh to me. I became interested in it, so I worked hard at it. Soon we had an English exam and I got a very good mark. How happy I was! Since then, I have been learning English harder and harder. Our English teacher often taught us English songs, and the songs sounded nice. I often think how interesting English is!
Second, English is another language different from our Chinese. We should learn it in the following ways: Listen to the teacher carefully in class, speak bravely, read aloud and have a larger and larger vocabulary, and then practice again and again. And I have a good habit: whenever I have a question, I must make it clear by asking our English teacher. How happy I am when I understand it!
Besides, I often read English stories, jokes and easy novels. From these I know English is not only interesting, but also useful. They help me understand a lot of things. So, to do more reading is an important way to learn English well.
And I also do some exercises in our workbooks, and I keep English diaries. English has become a close friend of mine.
Now I have learned English for more than two years. I am always in the first place in our class. Of course, I hope every classmate of mine can learn English well, too.
（1）Why do some students often have a headache when studying English? A. Because they often catch a cold. B. Because it's often very cold.
C. Because they think English is easy. D. Because they don't think English is easy.
（2）The writer tells us that we should be ______ in English if we want to learn it well. A. excited B. interested C. quiet D. happy （3）The sentence \"I got a very good mark\" means . A. I got a good way B. I had a good idea C. I did badly in the exam D. I did well in the exam （4）The writer thinks English is interesting because . A. English is full of stories B. English is full of jokes
C. his teacher often teaches the students nice English songs in class D. of nothing
（5）Which of the following is NOT the way the writer studies? A. Speaking bravely. B. Writing to foreign friends. C. Reading aloud. D. Keeping English diaries. 【答案】 （1）D （2）B （3）D （4）C （5）B
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述在别人眼中英语很难学，但在作者眼中英语很容易，他认为学习英语首先要有兴趣，其次要有一定的学习方法，此外还要多看杂志多练习。 （1）细节题。根据 I often hear some students say English is difficult, and it gives them a headache. 可知因为他们认为英语不容易 ，故选D。
（2）推理题。根据 I think an interest in English is very important 可知作者告诉我们，如果我们想学习英语，就应该对英语感兴趣 ，故选B。
（3）词义猜测题。根据 I worked hard at it. Soon we had an English exam and I got a very good mark. How happy I was 可知I got a very good mark是我取得了好成绩的意思， I did well in the exam 我考试考得很好 ，故选D。
（4）细节题。根据 Our English teacher often taught us English songs, and the songs sounded nice. I often think how interesting English is 可知作者认为英语很有趣，因为 他的老师经常在课堂上教学生唱好听的英文歌，故选C
（5）细节题。根据全文描述可知作者学习的方式有勇敢的说，大声的读和记日记，没提及给外国人写信，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，3种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。
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