英语音标表（48个）
元音（20个）蓝色（Original Version Of IPA）
长元音 /ɑ:/ /ɔ:/ / ɜ:/ ə: /i:/ 短元音 /ʌ/ /ɒ/ ɔ /ə/ /ɪ/ /eI/ eɪ /aI/ aɪ /ɔI/ ɔɪ 双元音 /ɪə/ /eə/εə /ʊə/ uə /əʊ/ əu /aʊ/ au 辅音（28个）
轻辅音 /p/ / t/ / k/ /f/ /θ/ 浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ /ʒ/ 鼻音 /m/ /n/ /ŋ/ 半元音 / j/ /w/
边音 / ǀ/
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/U:/
/ʊ/ u /e/ /æ/
/s/ /ʃ/ / h/ /ts/ /tʃ/ /tr/
/ r/ /dz/ /dʒ/ /dr/
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英语音标及字母组合对照
元音: 1) /ʌ/ 发音字母 u o ou oo up supper lunch fun gun mother does love trouble rough blood flood 2) /ɑ:/ 发音字母ar a al car farm card arm garden fast class last glass plant calm half aunt heart 3) /ɒ/ ɔ发音字母o a ou 文案大全
cup bus hunt 实用文案
hot lost lot fox box hop loss collar not want wash watch 4) /ɔ:/ 发音字母al or ore oo au our ou ar aw Small wall talk tall ball walk short more lord horse for forty sport store door floor author caught autumn four court bought brought warm warn quarter law saw 5) /ə/发音字母er or ou ar o a e u ur teacher leader remember player speaker farmer 文案大全
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doctor actor author delicious familiar dollar tomorrow today lesson polite control around ago elephant banana Canada Japan men listen famulus Saturday 6) / ɜ:/ ə: 发音字母ir ur ear er or bird girl skirt third turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday learn earn earth heard term her serve 文案大全
burger 实用文案
work world 7) /ɪ/ 发音字母 i y e ui u ay a sit picture it is list six mix fix fit many happy twenty dictionary decide build yesterday 8) /i:/ 发音字母:ee ea e ie ei （eo ey i） three tree green sheep meet beef see eat tea meat teacher mean speak he she me piece believe receive ceiling 文案大全
seek 实用文案
9) /ʊ/ u发音字母oo ou u o look good foot book wood should could put full push woman wolf 10) /U:/ 发音字母oo o u ou food moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth do whom prove move two rude true blue you group 11) /e/发音字母ea e a （ue, u, ie, ai, ei, ay） head bread pleasure feather elephant remember sell shell lesson better bed desk 文案大全
yes 实用文案
many any 12) /æ/ 发音字母 a bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black glad flag man
13) /eɪ/ eI 发音字母 ei a ay ea ai eyeight name cake late gate plane April play say way great break rain plain paint paid they hey grey 14) /aɪ/ aI 发音字母 i y uy bike fine find die nine light night my try fly eye 文案大全 high 实用文案
buy guy 15) /ɔɪ/ ɔI发音字母oy oi boy toy joy enjoy oil soil voice choice 16) /ɪə/发音字母eer ear ere beer deer ear near here idea 17) /eə/εə发音字母ear air ere pear bear chair air fair there where care dare 文案大全
are 实用文案
18) /ʊə/ uə发音字母 our oor ure
tour poor sure
19) /əʊ/ əu 发音字母 o ow oa home cold no phone host ghost know low below grow blow show flow boat coat goal 20) /aʊ/ au发音字母ou ow house out flour ground account count sound flower down now cow how town 辅音：
1.爆破音
音标对比：/k/ /g/ / t/ /d/ 发音字母：c/k/ck g t d b
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loud /p/ /b/
p 实用文案
keep get tea deed put book
kid gain team deep pen bed
cake beg neat need pet bet
pick pig bet bed pull ball
2.摩擦音
音标对比：/f/ /v/ /θ/ /ð/
发音字母：f/ph v th th
life live thick this
five vote theme than
physics visit teeth they
音标对比：/s/ /z/ /ʃ/ /ʒ/
发音字母：s/c s/z sh/ch/ci/ti/si si/s
sink zip action treasure
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pass zoo machine measure
advice his finish revision
Asia、ancient
3.破擦音
音标对比: /tr/ /dr/ 发音字母：tr dr tree dream try dry treat draw 4)鼻音
音标对比：/m/ /n/ 发音字母：m n Some noon 文案大全
/ts/ /dz/ /tʃ/ ts ds bets beds seats seeds nets needs /ŋ/
ng n
sing
/dr/
ch j/ge/
chess job
children energy
match
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Come nose song
Map note king
Moon nothing thank
5)其他
音标： /h/ /r/ /j/ /w/ /ǀ/
发音字母：h/wh r/wr y w/wh L
Hot race year wait let
House red yes wide leap
Horse right yard what deal
Whole wrong young while sale
Who write yet when belt
Whse
【注意】wh 在元音字母O前才发/h/
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语音知识:
1) 字母：语言的书写形式。元音字母只有a,e,i(y),o,u
2) 音素：音的最小的单位。英语中有48音素。即20个元音音素和28个辅音音素.
3) 元音：发音响亮，是乐音；口腔中气流不收阻碍；是构成音节的主要音。英语中有20元音。
4) 辅音：发音不响亮，是噪音；口腔中气流受到阻碍；不是构成音节的主要音。英语中有28辅音。
5) 音节：由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。ap'ple，stu'dent，tea'cher，un'der'stand。
6) 开音节： a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e name bike home due;
b) 辅音+元音 he，go，hi。
7) 闭音节： a) 辅音+元音+辅音 bad，bed，sit，hot，cup;
b)元音+辅音it。
8) 重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。
读音规则
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1) 重读音节(见元音和辅音的例句)。
2) 非重读音节 [ ] banana，student，today，after，[i] orange，secret，evening，very，Monday。
特殊读音
1）音的连读：前面的词以元辅音结尾，后面的单词以元音开头，这样结尾的辅音要和开头的元音连读。
not at all，half an hour，I love you and all、after all。
2）失去爆破：辅音爆破音或摩擦音后面跟的是爆破音、破擦音和摩擦等，前面的辅音要失去爆破。
good girl，good student，good job，expression，school，extreme。
3）音的同化：两个特殊的音碰到一起，会发出变异成特殊的音。
Would you do it? I am glad to meet you、Can't you see it? last year，this year。
重音
A)双音节词
a)一般在第一个音节重读。letter，sorry。
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b)有 a-，be-，de-，re-，res-，in-，im-，en-，em-，es-，ex-，con-，com-，dis-，mis-，pre-，per-，pro-，trans-
等前缀的词，第二个音节是重音。a'bout，be'lieve，ad'dress，de'cide，re'port，con'demn，res'pect，com'pare，
in'form，dis'cuss，im'press，mis'take，en'force，pre'pare，em'ploy，per'mit，es'cape，pro'duce，ex'claim，trans'late
c)有 de-，in-，re-，con-，pre- 等前缀的重音与词义和词类有关，一般名词的重音在第一个音节上，其它的
词性在第二个音节上。'record，re'cord; 'insult，in'sult; 'conduct，con'duct; 'present pre'sent; 'content，con'tent。
d)有些复合词和带有前缀 re-，ex-，un-，pre-，post-，等的词，有两个重音。
'out'side，'re'tell，'well-'known，'un'real，'fif'teen，'Chi'nese，'pre-'war，'post-'war。
B)多音节词
a)一般倒数第三个音节是重音。'difficult，'communist，'family，e'conomy，oppor'tunity，de'mocracy。
b)有一些双音节词，加了前缀和后缀成了多音节，但这些词按原来词根的重音读音
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'carefully，in'definite，'comfortable，con'ductor，ac'cording，dis'turbance，'complicated，es'tablishment。
c)词尾有-eous，-grahpy，-ial，-ian，-ic，-ics，-ience，ient，-ify，-ion，-ious，-ity，ive 后缀的词，重音在
这些后缀的前一个音节上。cour'teous，cal'ligraphy，edi'torial，his'torian，peri'odic，mathe'matics，ex'perience，
suf'ficient，i'dentify，trans'lation，re'ligious，curi'osity，pro'tective。
d)词尾有 -ain，-ee，-eer，-ese，-ette 后缀的词，重音在该后缀上，而且有一个次重音。
enter'tain，emplo'yee，mountai'neer，Japa'nese，ciga'rette。
一些特殊规则：
S后的清辅音/ k/ /p/ / t/ 要浊化为/g/ /b/ /d/音。
如：sky skill stop student space sport
字母组合tion有两种发音/tʃn /, /ʃən /
如: /tʃn / question /ʃən / situation nation invitation
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有些单词中某些字母不发音
如：hour climb Christmas know listen
一般情况开音节发本音（如 辅＋元＋辅＋e 的结构）
a [eɪ] cake ,face , table ,grade,… have[æ]除外
e [i:] these , he, she, be, we…
I [aɪ] mine , ride , time, … give ,live[ɪ] 除外
o [əʊ] nose ,those ,hope ,… (另外，‘o’后是m, n, v, th，发[ʌ]
如：love, some ,come，glove，brother，mother ; whose,whom[u:]除外。)
U [ju:] cute ,use
闭音节一般不发本音（如 辅＋元＋辅 的结构）
a [æ] cat ,black ,glad,…
e [e] bed , left , help , …
I [ɪ] big ,milk ,think ,…
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o /ɒ/ ɔ hot , stop , clock,…
u [ʌ] bus , sun ,but ,… put , pull[ʊ]除外
仅一种发音的字母组合：ai, ay [eɪ] rain ，play
al [ɔ:] all , walk talk half [ɑ:]除外
oa [əʊ] coat ,boat
ch [tʃ] chair , China school [k] 除外
ck [k] duck , clock
sh [ʃ] shirt , shoes 还有sure [ʃ]
a前是辅音[w] 时，a发/ɒ/ ɔ,如：want ,what, watch ,wallet, wash
a后是字母ss , s, f , n时，一般发[ɑ:]，如grass，class，ask，after,…
i后是ld, nd结尾时, i 发[aɪ]，如：find ,kind , child ,behind ,…
一些常用字母组合的发音：
ar [ɑ:] farm far farther park
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[ɔ:] quarter warm
air [eə] chair hair hairdryer pair airport
ear [ɪə]dear year ear earphone near hear
[eə] bear pear [ɜ:] learn early
ere [ɪə] here
[eə] where there
[ɜ:] were
ea [eɪ] great [e] head sweater breakfast ready bread headache heavy [i:] speak peach beach each please read reading-room teacher
teach eat seat tea teapot meat ice- cream Easter mean
[ɪə] really idea theatre
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ee [i:] see eighteen three green sweet tree Halloween need street sweep weekend er [ɜ:] her hers term
[ə] brother daughter father mother sister teacher number tiger after flower or [ə] doctor visitor mirror calculator
[ɜ:] work worker word world
[ɔ:] for forty morning short sport fork horse New York order more before
ir /ur [ɜ:] bird girl birthday shirt skirt third circle thirsty thirty sir first
turn purse nurse hamburger surf Thursday hurt
igh [aɪ] night bright right light fight high height
[eɪ] eight weight
oo [ʊ] cook foot football classroom bedroom bathroom look good goodbye book bookcase storybook
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[u:] food school too zoo cool room broom noodle tooth toothache afternoon soon balloon spoon moon cartoon
ou [ʌ] country countryside touch young cousin
[aʊ] cloudy shout about house housework blouse ground mountain sound trousers mouth mouse around loudly out
[əʊ] shoulder
[ʊ] should would
ow [aʊ]how down town brown flower now cow
[əʊ]row know yellow bowl window follow Halloween tomorrow show glow grow blow slow low snow snowy snowball
th [θ]mouth think thin thank theatre bathroom three third thirteen thirty thirsty anything something
[ð] brother father mother the this these that those they them their then with there than
Ed [d] listened played answered … （元音、浊辅音结尾）
[t]jumped helped liked milked cooked picked washed watched
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danced stopped（清）
[ɪd]tasted collected visited wanted planted started (t ,d结尾的单词)
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