统考试卷的题型为：交际用语（5小题，每小题3分，共15分）五分钟完成；阅读理解（10小题，每小题3分，共30分）二十分钟完成；词汇与结构（5小题，每小题3分，共15分）十分钟完成；完形填空(10小题，每小题1分,共10分)十分钟完成；英译汉(3个句子,每句5分,共15分)十五分钟完成；写作（15分）三十分钟完成，总计100分，考生要在90分钟内完成上述内容。 试卷组成部分如下：
第一部分 交际用语 占试卷总分的15%。共5个小题，每题3分。主要考核学生在日常情景中的交际能力，侧重语言功能。
第二部分 阅读理解 占试卷总分的30%。共2篇文章，10个小题，每题3分。要求理解主旨要义、具体信息，根据上下文推测词义等能力。
第三部分 词汇与结构 占试卷总分的15%。共5个小题，每题3分。主要考核学生对基本语法和常用词汇的掌握。
第四部分 完型填空 占试卷总分的10%。主要考核词汇、句法和篇章知识运用。
第五部分 英译汉 占试卷总分的15%。共三个句子，每句5分。主要考核短句翻译能力。
第六部分 写作 占试卷总分的15%。要求写1篇短文，80个字左右。主要考核短文写作能力。
(一) 交际用语题对策
交际用语答题要点：use of English 总的原则：
*一定要有礼貌（即使是拒绝，一般也得给出原因） *一定要具体问题具体回答（不能答非所问）
*肯定地回应别人比否定的回应好（比如，别人向你请求某件事，你既可以帮忙也可以回绝，但是我们选择时，一般要选择帮忙的）
1．祝愿、祝贺、应答：别人对你表达祝贺、祝福时。你一般得说感谢的话 ---Good luck! ----Thank you.
----Happy new year!
----Thank you, the same to you(同样祝你)=happy new year!.
----Happy birthday! ----Thank you!
2.邀请：如果你愿意接受，就请你直接表达出来你的原意，有时候还要说thank you;如果你不愿意接受，你一定要给出原因，有时要说sorry.
----Would you like to come to my birthday party? ----Yes, thank you.
----I hope you can come here tomorrow. ---- I’m sorry, but I can’t.
3．道歉：别人向你道歉，你一般要说没关系。有那些词组表示没关系呢：that’s all right. It doesn’t matter.
（注意不要和下面词组混淆：Not at all不用谢；my pleasure不用谢；don’t mention it.不用谢； you are welcome,不用谢）
----Sorry to have kept you waiting for a long time. ----It doesn’t matter.
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4.别人给你劝告或者建议，你应该表达接受和感谢。 ---The zoo is very far, let’s catch a bus. ---Ok, let’s catch a bus.
----If you are not better by then, I’ll take you to see the doctor. ---Ok, thank you very much.
5.电话用语 ---Hello! ---Hello!
---May I speak to Mr. White?
如果你就是White先生，你可以回答 ---This is White speaking 或者
---Speaking 或者
---This is White.
如果你不是White本人，你可以回答： ----Hold on please(请别挂电话) 或者
---Sorry, he is not in.(抱歉，他不在)
请问你是white先生吗？：Is that Mr. White?
6.别人提供给你服务，你如何回答？
如果愿意接受对方的帮助，要表达感谢；如果不愿意，要说出理由，有时候还得说感谢的话。 ---May I help you? ---Oh, yes, thank you.
---Let me help you with the bags!
---Well, I can manage myself. Thank you just the same.
7. 别人问你道路，你如何回答呢？
知道的话，就直接告诉对方；如果不知道，一般表示抱歉，给出理由。 ----Excuse me. Where is the bathroom please? ----It’s over there.(就在那)
----Would you please tell me where the bank is? ----Sorry, I am a stranger here too.
8.关于时间
*问时刻的表达方式：
What time is it now?(现在几点钟了？) What’s the time.(现在几点钟？)
Can you tell me the time?(你能告诉我时间吗？几点了？) *问“星期几”的表达方式:
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What day is it today?（今天星期几？） *问日期的表达方式：
What’s the date today?(今天日期是多少号？)
---Could you tell me what time the plane leaves? ----It leaves at 10:00.
***如果别人问你时间，你如果知道就直接告诉对方，如果不知道，说抱歉，有时给出原因。
---Can you tell the time?
---Sorry, I have no watch on/with me.
例题：
---Could you look after my boy for me while I am away? A. Yes, here you are(给你) B. You are welcome（不用谢） C. With pleasure（非常乐意） D. I don’t want to.（我不愿意）
---May I help you?(有何效劳的地方吗？) A. Yes, you may B. Not at all C. A bottle of ink, please. D. NO, you mustn’t
----Excuse me. But could you tell me the way to the zoo? A. Sorry. But I am a stranger here myself. B. Ok, it’s not far from here. C. Yes, you go ahead, and I’ll follow you. D. Well, walk first, and you’ll get there.
----It was kind of you to have carried the box for me. A. I’d love to B. Thank you for saying so C. It was my pleasure D. It should be my duty.
(二) 阅读理解题对策
阅读理解答题要点：
1. 主旨题：考查文章的主题思想、写作意图等。常见的提问形式如下： *What is the main/general idea of the passage?(文章的主要思想是什么？) *The main theme of the passage is___? (文章的主题是____?)
*The passage is mainly about____? 文章主要关于_____?
*Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?
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下面哪个可以作为文章的标题？ *What is the author’s main point? 作者主要想表达什么？
如何找出这些问题的答案呢？
文章的主要思想出现的位置有以下几种情况： *段首 *段末
*段首+段末 *中间
2．细节题：这类问题考察学生对细节的把握（如时间、地点、原因、结果等）。答案一般可以在原文中直接找到。
解题思想：
*词语定位法：在问题中找出中心词，然后再文章中直接找到该中心词的句子，一般答案就出现在前后句中 When did his mother marry the man? His mother married the guy in 1978.
由于所提信息在文中比较清晰，可以一一找到，所以，解决这类问题可采用带选题跳读的阅读技巧，来找出问题或选项中出现的关键词语或主要检测点，然后略读文章，扫描这些词所在的句子，再详读这些句子。必要时，连同它们前后的句子也要仔细阅读，以便综合考虑和确定问题的答案。
这样做可以有根据地排除多余的信息及干扰项，提高解题速度。当无法在原文中找出那些关键词语时，则需在原文中找出与问题或选项意义相同或相反的句子，详细阅读并加以对照，从而获得答案。这是因为有些正确答案常常是文中相关信息的重复，只是与原文不尽相同罢了。这样做的优点是郎快速抓住供解题用的信息点，增强答题时的准确性。为此，考生应注意同／近义词和反义词的学习和积累。请看例题：
Taking pictures is fun. And taking good ones is easy if you follow a few rules. Before you snap a picture, think about it. Be sure you are close enough to your subject. A pretty face against a plain background, for instance, makes a good picture. But a distant figure lost among trees and clouds lacks interest. In a landscape scene, try to keep at least two-thirds of the picture below the line where the ground meets the sky. For a sky scene, keep at least two-thirds of the picture above that line.
Study pictures in newspapers and books. Try to see why some are better than others. Use what you have learned to improve your own pictures.
1. The subject of a picture should usually look___________ .
A. close B. small C. shadowy D. distant
2. In the first example, the subject was probably a____________ .
A. car B. girl C. tree D. cloud 3. In a landscape scene two-thirds of the picture should be______________ . A. sky B. clouds C. land D. horizon
第一步，找出这些问题中的关键词语：问题1中的关键词语是subject，look；问题2中的关键词语是first example，subject；问题3中的关键词语是landscape scene，two-thirds of the picture。
第二步，跳读短文，找出含有关键词语的句子。问题1中的关键词语在第一段的第四句。问题2中的关键词语first example未出现在文中，浏览全文后发现first example正是第一段中的第五 句。问题3中的关键词语landscape scene，two-thirds of the picture是第一段的第七句。
第三步，详读这些句子及其周围的句子，找出各题的正确答案。问题1的答案为A；问题2因只有。 girl拥有a pretty face，所以答案为B；问题3的答案为C，因为below the line where the ground meets the sky的只有land
有些时候，问题中所用的词语并非出现在原文中，而是原文中某些词语的同义词，这就会加大难度。
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请看例题：
A tree is a tall, woody plant. The big part in the middle is called the trunk and the \"arms\" are called branches. There are two types of tree based on the shape of the leaves. Some trees have long, thin leaves that are shaped like needles. This group includes pine trees and spruce trees. Other trees have broad, flat leaves. This group includes oak trees and maple trees. The largest living thing on the earth today is a tree in California. It has a trunk which is approximately ten meters wide! 1. The main part of a tree is its_____________ .
A. leaves B. trunk C. branches 2. Trees are grouped according to the______________ .
A. leaves B. trunks ~ C. needles
以上两问题均以同义词对文中相关词进行提问。问题1中the main part是the big part的同义词，因此答案为B；问题2中according to the shape of是based on the shape of的近义词，因此答案为A。
3. 推断题：考查学生的逻辑推理问题。这类问题的答案不会直接出现在文章中，而是文章的字里行间中所蕴含的意思。 提问方式：
*Which of the following statements is implied but NOT stated? 下面哪一句话是文章暗示的，而不是直接表达出来的意思？ *It can be inferred from the passage that___. 可以从文章中推测出_____.
*It can be concluded from the passage that___. 可以从文章中得出____.
4.词汇题：考查的是文章中出现的某些生词的含义。提问方式： *The word “**” in line 5 refers to___. 第五行的“**”词语指的是___. *By “**”, the author means___. 作者用“**”指的是____. 解答方案：
*利用文章中对该词语的定义来猜测。 例：
Such experiences are not unusual for the amateur conchologists, people who collect shells. 这个单词的意思可以根据该词语后面的同位语people who collect shells出来:贝壳收藏家。 例2：
Jack is now a florist, who keeps a shop for selling flowers. Florist的含义其实可以从它后面的那个定语从句中推测出来：花店的店主。
*利用文章中对该词语的举例来猜测。 例：
Today, young couples who are just starting their households often spend lots of their money on appliances, for instance, washing machine, refrigerators and color TVs.
Appliance的意思可以从其后面的例子：washing machine和color TV从猜测出来：家电。 例：
Finally the enemy surrendered. They threw down their weapons and walked out of home with their hands over heads.
Surrender的意思可以从后面的解释当中推测出来：投降。
*根据对比关系来猜测词语的意思。
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例：
Andrew is one of the most supercilious men I know. His brother, in contrast(相反) is quite humble（卑微的/谦虚的and modest（谦虚的）
划线单词可以根据后面的对比得知含义：傲慢的，目空一切。 *根据词语的同义词来猜测。 例：
Although he often had the opportunity, Mr. White was never able to steal money from a customer. This would have endangered his position at the bank, and he did not want to jeopardize his future. 根据前面的endanger,我们可以推测该词语和endanger相近：危害。
*利用构词法来猜测词语的含义 例：
They overestimate the interviewee’s ability and asked him many difficult questions. Overestimate可以根据over + estimate来猜测出：高估 例：
We were told that ours was the most spacious room in the hotel. That was why we had to pay so much for it. 既然我们知道space（空间）的含义，在这里我们可以推测这个词和space有关。在根据前后文，我们可以猜测出其含义应该是：宽敞的。
*关于作者的意图、态度、目的的题目。 常见的提问有：
*The author seems ___. 作者似乎____.
*The author’s tone in this passage is_______.
在本文中，作者的基调是________.(是赞成还是反对？) *The writer probably feels that_______. 作者很可能感觉________.
在这些提问中，选择项里经常出现下面这些形容词： Sympathetic同情的 Critical 批评的 Doubtful怀疑的 Objective客观的 Enthusiastic热情的
Matter-of-fact实事求是地 Hostile敌对的 Indifferent冷淡的 Subjective主观的 Optimistic乐观的 Pessimistic悲观的 Neutral中立的
(三) 词汇和结构题对策
As well as/including/together with/with连接两个名词作主语的话，后面的动词要和第一个名词搭配 I together with Tom _have__ gone to school. *语法答题要点 时态解题：
思路：先看句中给出的时间；再看句中别的动词用何种时态 最后即可判定我们应该选择什么时态。 I ___B___ the zoo, yesterday.
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A. go B. went C. had went D. will go
I went to the zoo yesterday, but before that I __B__ the park. A.visited
B.had visited过去的过去 C.visit
D.have visited if 1．时态
*在时间和条件装语从句中，一般现在时替代将来时，也就是说在这种从句中不要出现将来时态。 例：
Return the book immediately to the library as soon as you_________ with it. A. finish B. are finished C. have finished D. are finishing 例：
Please be sure to telephone me the next time you_______. A. will come B. would come C. shall come D. come
I will tell you the truth if you ___ tomorrow. A. come B. will come C. have come
*在“this is the first time…”结构中，后面的从句一般用现在完成时。This也可以用it来代替。 例：
This is the first time that I have met Jane.这是我第一次遇到Jane.
*接在“it/this is+形容词最高级+名词”结构后面的从句，用现在完成时。 例：
This is one of the best books_________ on the subject. A. that have ever been written B. which have ever been written C. that has ever been written D. whatever have been written.
(在定语从句中如果前面有最高级，则只用that引导。
如果前面是this is the only one of the best books, 那么我们得选择C.) *it is/has been+时间+since…中，后面的since从句用过去式 例如：
It has been 20 years since I left my hometown.
*在no sooner…than”和“hardly…when”(一……就)构中，主句部分用过去完成时，从句部分用过去时。 例如：
Hardly …when=scarcely…when=no sooner…than刚…就… Hardly/scarcely/no sooner后面+过去完成时 When/than后面+一般过去时
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I had no sooner returned than he called. *客观真理一律用一般现在时
Our teacher told me yesterday that the earth ___ around the sun. A. run B. ran C. runs
在一般现在时中，如果主语是单数第三人称，则后面的动词加S He/she/it/Tom/my father
* It is (high) time that 后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形，但should不可省略。 例如：
It is time that the children went to bed.
It is high time that the children should go to bed
小窍门：考试中一般遇到it is time，后面的虚拟语气通常都是选择过去式。“Should+动词原形”几乎不考。
2. 情态动词
Must, may/might, can/could, should=ought to, need 考试中喜欢考情态动词对事情的判断用法 1. 对现在事情的判断
结构：情态动词+动词原形
I saw him just now, so he __A__ in the classroom now. A. must be B. can be
C. should be （她应该在教室，但是实际意思是他并没有在教室里） Should表示应不应该（只是对事情的一种后悔；事情的正好相反） 2.对过去事情的判断
结构：情态动词+have done
He was ill, so yesterday he _____ . A. must have stayed at home B. must stay at home
C. should have stayed at home (她应该呆在家里，其实意思是他当时并没有带在家里) *must的这种用法一般不用在否定句和疑问句中. I saw him just now, so he __B__ A mustn’t have gone home B. couldn’t have gone home C. shouldn’t have gone home
You __A____ the party last night, or you would have know the fact. A. should have come to B. must have come to C. should come to B. must come to
*must+现在完成时：表示对过去的一个动作比较有把握的猜测（一般翻译成：肯定。。。） 例如：
I believe he___ an accident, otherwise he would have arrived on time. A. would have had B. could have had C. should have had D. must have had
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*should(ought to) have done表示本来应该做却没做的事情
例如：
I’m sorry I couldn’t get in touch with him before he left, I ________ him earlier. A. had a telephone B. have telephoned C. should have telephoned D. should be phoned
*could+现在完成时：表示可能做的事情。用在否定句和疑问句中较多。
He ___ have done that, because I saw him just now. A. mustn’t B. shouldn’t C. couldn’t
3. 虚拟语气：(事情不太可能发生或者根本不可能发生，所以用虚拟) 基本句型
虚拟语气的标志是if(假设，假如) *对现在的虚拟：
If +过去时（be一概用were）；主句用would+do If I were you, I would tell her.
If I had 1 million, I would buy the house. *对过去的虚拟：
If+had done;主句用would have done
If you had come to the party last night, you would have known the fact. If you had lent me the money yesterday, I would have bought the house. Had you lent me the money yesterday,… *对将来的虚拟：
If+should do/were to do;主句用would do
If you were to come here tomorrow, I would tell you the truth. If I should have 1 million, I would buy the house.= Should I have 1 million,….
If I were to have 1 million, I would buy the house Were I to have 1 million,…
*请记住如果把上面虚拟语气句子中的if去掉，那么请倒装从句。 If I were you, I would tell her.
倒装后：Were I you, I would tell her
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If you had come to the party last night, you would have known the fact.
倒装后：Had you come to the party last night, you would have known the fact.
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If you were to come here tomorrow,
I would tell you the truth.
倒装后：Were you to come here tomorrow, I would tell you the truth. 例题：
If a better material _A__, the strength of the part would have been increased.对过去虚拟 A.
B. C. D.
had been used had been using being used using
Had the weather been good, the children_B__ out for a walk.对过去的虚拟 A.
had gone
B.could have gone C.would go D.went
语法答题要点
虚拟语气的特殊要点
* It is (high) time that 后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形，但should不可省略。 例如：
It is time that the children went to bed.
It is high time that the children should go to bed
小窍门：考试中一般遇到it is time，后面的虚拟语气通常都是选择过去式。“Should+动词原形”几乎不考。 Don’t you think it is time you_B_ smoking? A. give up B. gave up C. would give up D. will give up
*有些动词后面的从句用特殊的虚拟（should +动词原形，should可以省略）：suggest（建议）, propose, advise, demand, order, insist, request, recommend, desired,等
The general suggests that we _A_ at once. A. retreat = should retreat B. retreats C. retreated D. would retreat
请注意，如果suggest表示的是其它的意思，则不用虚拟语气。 His smile suggests that he loves you.(suggest在这里表示“暗示”)
*以上提到的动词，如果变成了名词形式，那么这些名词后面的从句仍然得用这种特殊的虚拟。 The general’s suggestion is that we _E__ at once. E. retreat F. retreats G. retreated H. would retreat
*it is desired和it is important等结构后面的从句中也得用那种特殊的虚拟语气（should+动词原形,should可省
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略）。相同的结构有：it is suggested/requested/ordered/necessary/essential/vital/urgent/impossible/preferable/advisable/proposed that…
It’s desired that she_C__ to teach us at least twice a week. A. comes B. will come C. come=should come D. may come
*would rather 后面的从句用虚拟语气 1.用一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望。
I’d rather you came next Saturday.我宁愿你下周六来。 2. 用过去完成时表示过去的愿望
I’d rather you hadn’t done that.我宁愿你没有这样做。
I am too busy theses days, I would rather all of you __B__ next month for dinner. A. come B. came
*as if/as though后面的从句用虚拟语气，具体形式参考虚拟语气的一般情况 He talks as if he __B_ everything in the world. A. knows B. knew C. had known
he talked as if he_C_ everything in the world. A. knows B. knew C. had known
*wish后面的从句也用虚拟语气，具体形式也参考虚拟语气的一般情况。 Tom wishes that he_C__ law instead of literature when he was in college. A. could study B. studied C. had studied D. would study
4. 非谓语动词
不能单独做谓语的动词就叫做非谓语动词：不定式、动名词和分词。To 不定式to do sth
1.不定式：有些动词后面必须得用不定式 Ask sb to do sth Order sb to do Persuade sb to do
*有些动词后面的不定式要省略“to”: Make, have, watch, hear, feel, let, see Help后面的不定式也可以省略to
The teacher made the students __A__ their book.
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A. open B. to open C. to be opened
但是请大家再记住：这些动词如果用在被动句中，则to还得用上。 The students are made to open their book.
2.动名词：动词用作名词。
有些动词后面习惯用名词，如果是动词的话，则该动词要变为动名词形式（ing形式）。Avoid doing (避免做…) Appreciate doing (喜欢做…) Feel like doing 想要做
介词后面的动词一律用动名词形式。
Look forward to doing sth(这里的to不是不定式，而是一个介词，所以后面用了动名词) We all feel sorry for __B_ for so long after your arrival. A. keep you waiting B. having kept you waiting C. waiting for you D. keep you wait
3.分词：分为现在分词(doing)和过去分词(done)
现在分词表示主动，正在进行 过去分词表示被动，已经完成
考试中一般考查分词短语作状语的用法。请大家记住做这种题目，一定要把握的要点：分词短语作状语，分词逻辑主语必须要和主句的主语是同一个。）
Seeing from the space, we can see the earth is very small.(因为这句话的主语是we(我们)，考察的动词是see(看见)。人和看见之间的关系是主动发生的（看这个动作是由我们自己发出的）。所以我们用现在分词seeing
Seen from the space, the earth looks very small.
（这句话的主语是earth(地球)，动词是see(看见)。地球是被人们看见的,所以earth和see之间的关系是被动的。故用seen.
*如果分词短语的逻辑主语和主句的主语不一样，我们也有变通的办法，那就是把该分词自己的主语写在分词前面，又时候还用上with在句首。这就是分词的主格。
There are many kinds of metals here, each having its special qualities. He is lying on the sofa, with tears streaming down his face.
这句话的主语是he, 分词是streaming down(流下来).从这里可知streaming down的主语不可能是he,只能是tears(泪水)。所以我们把tears直接写在这个分词前面。
4. 定语从句 A college boy A big boy
形容词和名词可以作定语，放在名词前来修饰 请翻译：一个在2008年上大学的男孩 A ____ boy
在英语中我们找不到任何一个词语能够表达如此复杂的意思，这是侯我们可以用一个句子来表达这个意思，并且把句子放在名词后，这个句子就是一个定语从句.
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He goes to college in 2008
A boy who goes to college in 2008
定语从句一般在其前要加一个引导词，考点主要就在于此 解题关键：
用什么引导词，关键要看前面的那个名词
1. 如果那个名词是人，则定语从句的引导词可以用that/who；如果该名词在定语从句中充当的是宾
语，则引导词可以用that/whom
I like the boy _that/who___ goes to college in 2008. I like the boy _that/whom___ the man has beaten.
2. 如果那个名词是事物，则定语从句的引导词用that/which I like the book_which/that__ I bought yesterday.
*如果那个名词后面有个逗号，则请记住，引导词一定不要用that I like that book, _which___ I bought yesterday.
3. 如果那个名词表示地点，则后面的引导词要两种情况.
如果该名词在定语从句中充当地点状语，则引导词用where;如果该名词充当主语或宾语则引导词用which/that
I like the place___A__ we spent the holiday together. I like the place _B__ we visited yesterday. A. where B. which
4.如果那个名词表示时间，则后面的定语从句引导词有两种情况.如果该名词在定语从句中充当时间状语，则我们引导词用when;如果该名词充当主语或宾语则引导词用which/that I will not forget the time__B__ we stayed together. I will not forget the time _A___ we spent in the village. A. which B. when
*I like the boy__whose__ nose is big. I like the coat__whose_ color is red.
只要翻译成属于…的…，引导词就用whose
I met my classmate _E__ was working in Beijing and ___father had died. A. who, who B. whose, who C. that, who D, who, that E. that, whose 定语从句答题要点
1. 非限定定语从句中不要用that引导（简单的辨认方法就是看定语从句前有没有逗号，如果有则这个定语从句是非限定性的，就不用that引导）
An old friend from abroad, ____ I was expecting to stay with, telephoned me from the airport. A. that B. whom C. who D. which
stay with后面少了一个宾语，所以选择whom.
*.如果那个名词前面有下列词语修饰，我们一般用that:最高级、序数词 This is the best thing that I have ever done. This is the first man _that__ I met in the college.
3.如果那个名词是nothing, anything，something等词，那么后面的定语从句也只能用that,不用which. There is nothing that I do not know.
*4.如果那个名词前面是such或者the same修饰，那么定语从句一般用as引导。
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He has the same book as I have. 在上面所有的定语从句中，引导词代替的都是前面的那个名词，但是有两个词可以代替前面整句话，which, as
5.which或者as可以代替前面整个一句话的意思。
He has failed in the test, which made me very sad.(这里的which代替的意思是前面整个一句话：他考试失败)。
He won the prize, as is a surprise to us.
*注意，as这种用法，还可以放在句首，但是which不能这么用。 As is a surprise to us, he won the prize.
6. 表示地点的名词后面不一定都得用where引导定语从句；表示时间的名词后面也不一定都用when引导定语从句。
This is the place __A__ I have visited last year. A. That/which B. where(这里的定语从句缺少的是一个宾语（visit少了宾语）；所以我们选择了that作visit的宾语。
大家记住在定语从句中，只有缺少地点状语的时候才选择where来引导。
This is the place _where__ he met me. A. That/which B. where（这里的定语从句缺少的是地点状语，所以选择where）
*同样道理，如果定语从句中缺少的是时间状语时，我们才选择when,否则不要选择when. I will always remember the time _B__ he left me. A. that/which B. when
I will always remember the time __A__ we spent here. A. that/which B. when
7. 如果那个名词是reason,则要看reason在定语从句中是否充当原因状语，如果是则引导词用why，如果充当主语或宾语则用which或that.
例：1.This is the reason why he does not love you.
5. 强调句型：用来强调句子中的成分 基本结构如下：
It is/was+被强调的部分+that/who/whom+其它成分 大家记住只有is或was;没有are/were之类 Tom lent me 100 yuan last week at my home.
It was Tom that/who lent me 100 yuan last week at my home. It was 100 yuan that Tom lent me last week at my home. It was last week that Tom lent me 100 yuan at my home. It was at my home that Tom lent me 100 yuan.
傻瓜解题：如果题目开头是it is或者it was,选项中又有that这一项，则答案基本可以锁定that。 例子：
It was in that small village______ we first met.
A） where B. that C.in which D. when 解题：完全符合我们的要求，所以选择B
补充: That和what引导名词性从句时的区别 __A__ he said has nothing to do with me.
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A. What B. That
_A_ he has passed the test really surprises us. A. That B. What 答题要点：请记住that引导名词性从句的时候，只是起到引导作用，不能在该名词性从句中充当任何成分。What则不然，它不但起引导作用，而且还要在该名词性从句中充当一定的成分（比如充当主语或宾语）。
6. 倒装句型（主语和谓语互换位置：谓语放前面，主语放其后）
1. 否定副词、否定结构放在句首，要倒装：hardly, barely, not, little; scarcely; at no time, in no case; no sooner
Little ____ the story. A. I know B. Do I know
Hardly ____ at the cinema when the film started. A. he arrived B. he had arrived C. had he arrived D. did he arrive
2.so放在句首是否倒装：这要看提到的两个名词是否是同一个。如果不是同一个就要倒装，否则不要。 Our society has changed, and so have the people in it. 这里两个名词分别是society和people,所以要倒装。 Tom: my mother is a good teacher. Jane: so she is.
这里的my mother和she指的都是Tom的妈妈，所以没有倒装。
模拟仿真题
1. You ought __B__ the matter to the manager the day before yesterday. A. to report
B. to have reported C. to reporting D. have reported
ought to have done=should have done表示过去应该做但是却没有作
2. We look forward to __D__ the opening ceremony. A. invite B. be invited C. having been invited D. being invited
3. I will never forget the ten years _C_ we both spent in the little village. A. when B. during which C. which D. D. in which
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4. Not until most of the people had left the airport __C__ his sister was there. A. that he saw B. had he seen C. did he see D. that he had seen
5. It is because she is very devoted to her students __A__ she is respected by them. A． that B． which C. what D. who
解题小窍门：如果句子以it is或it was开头。选项中又有that,那么我们可以选择that.因为很可能这个句子考察的是强调句型的用法。
6．_A_ I saw was two men crossing the street. A．what B. that C. who D. whom
7.I didn’t go to the party, but I do wish I __C_ there. A. were B. would be C. had been D. will be
8. The fisherman, _C__ poor, could not buy another boat. A. is B. was C. being D. been
在英语当中连个谓语之间一般要用连词连接
The fisherman was poor and could not buy another boat.
补充一个语法要点：
形容词/副词+as+其它成分：表示让步状语 例：
Young __B__ he is, he knows what is right thing to do.
A. that B. as C. although D. however
又如: Poor as I am, I will not go to US.
如何记单词
词根词缀记忆法 pose->摆
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expose->暴露（ex->向外）
dispose->处理（dis->向四面八方） propose->建议（pro->提前） impose->强加（im->to）
depose->废黜（de->否和非） interpose->干涉（inter->中间） justpose->并排（just->正） 词中词记忆法
所谓词中词记忆法，就是在一个非合成词的已知词中找出另一个词的方法，目的是用旧词记住新词，强化记忆，扩展词汇量。 一、顺向词中词
所谓顺向词中词， 就是在一个已知词中按照自左至右的方向找出另一个词。 bridge 桥 ridge 脊 panther 豹 anther 花药 二、逆向词中词
所谓逆向词中词，就是在一个已知词中按照自右至左的方向找出另一个 carpet 地毯 carp 挑剔 wood 木材 woo 追求 对比记忆法
一、词首变字母对比
所谓词首变字母对比，就是利用词首字母的差别形成对比，用旧词记住新词。 deplete 使空虚 replete 充满的 rapid 迅速的 sapid 有趣的 vapid 无趣的 condemn 谴责 contemn 藐视 masque 假面舞会 mosque 清真寺
相关词记忆法
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将与某个词相关的词汇放在一起记忆 例1：（同义词）
assassinate 暗杀 bloodbath butcher carnage
kill 杀死 massacre murder 谋杀 slay slaughter suicide 自杀
例2：（反义词） Alive—dead Cold-hot Cool-warm 例3：（主题相关）
当遇到某一个英语具体词时，我们就应当有意识地更新单一词汇记忆模式，逐渐培养自己掌握用英语主题词扩展词汇的能力。当遇到“ color ”一词时，我们就应当联想到太阳光七种颜色的英语词汇。
red 红色的 orange 橙色 yellow 黄色 green 绿色 blue 蓝色 indigo 靛青 violet 紫色 谐音歪解记忆发
有些单词发音和汉语的某些词语相似，可以利用这一点来帮助记忆。 Abyss
---深渊（读成“我必死”---我不小心掉进了深渊里，所以我必死）
Ablution Pregnant
---沐浴、洗澡（读成“爱剥露身”---我特别爱剥了衣服露出身体，目的就是洗澡） --怀孕的（读成“盼来个嫩的”—总算怀上了小嫩瓜）
重要词组
1.Adapt oneself to 使自己适应
例句: I must adapt myself to this life.
2.A great deal of大量的（接不可数名词） 3.A large amount of大量的（接不可数名词）
4.A number of 大量的（接可数名词）
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*请和the number of 的用法分析开来。The number of（意思是“…的数量”）后面的谓语用单数，而a number of后面的谓语用复数。
例句: A number of teachers have gone to US.很多教师去了美国。
The number of teachers is fifty.教师的人数是50。 5. Above all首先 6. in all总共，共计
7. as for=as to关于，至于 8. as long as只要 9. as soon as一 。。就 10. as well也
11. as well as=and
12. at a loss茫然不知所措
13. at all costs不惜一切代价，无论如何 14. at ease舒适地，轻松地 15. at least至少 16. at most至多
17. at the sight of 一看见。。
例句: At the sight of the girl, I fell in love with her. 18. be made up of由。。组成 19. be short of缺少
例句: I am short of money 20. before long不久以后 21．Break down损坏，抛锚
22．Break in破门而入=break into(但是break into后面一般一定要跟上宾语；break in后面没有要求) 23. break off中断 24．Break out爆发
25．Break through突破 26．Break up打碎、终止 27．Bring about引起、招致 28．Bring out出版，使。。显示出来 29．Bring up抚养 30．By all means务必
31。By far..用在最高级和比较级前加强语气 32．By mistake错误地 33．By the way顺便说一下 34．Call for要求，邀请 35. call off取消 36.call on拜访
37．Capable of 有能力做 38．Carry on继续做 39.carry out执行 40. catch sight of看见 41．Catch up with赶上 42. check in报道，登记入住 Check out结帐离开 43．Come to苏醒 44．Come out出版 45.compare…to… 把。。比作。。。 46．Count on指望
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例句: Don’t count on him. 47. cut down削减
48．Cut in打断，插嘴 49. cut off切断，阻隔 50．Cut out 删掉
51．Cut short缩短，删节 52．Deal with处理
53．Do away with废除，去掉 ．Draw in进站 55．Draw up起草 56．Drop in顺便拜访 57．Due to因为，由于 58．End up结束，告终 59．Every other 每隔一个 例句: Every other week 60.face to face 面对面
*Get across 使。。被理解，通过
1. get down下来（一般还加上别的介词） 2. get off下来（直接用） 3. get on with 与。。友好相处 4. get over克服
5. get through完成、通过 give in 屈服、让步
1． Give off释放出（气体等） 2． Give up放弃、投降
*go after追逐，追求
1．Go ahead前进，继续进行 2．Go for去请、赞成 3．Go in for从事 4．Go out熄灭 5．Go over复习
*hold back阻止、踌躇
1．Hold on坚持、别挂断电话 2．Hold on to紧紧抓住 3．Hold up耽搁
* in a word简而言之 1．In advance提前
2．In any case无论如何 3．In brief简单的说 4．In case of防备
例句: You’d better bring an umbrella with you in case of a rain. 6. in charge of掌管
7. in common共同的，共有的 8．In detail详细地
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9．In favor of支持 10． In no case 决不 11. in no time 立即、马上 12. in no way决不
13．In honor of为了纪念、为了向..表达敬意 14．In part部分地
15．In particular特别、尤其 16. in person亲自
17．In question正在谈论的 18． In short简言之 19．In sight 在视线之内 20. in that因为 21．In turn轮流地 22．In vain徒劳地
*let off 排放 Let out 发出 Let alone 不打搅 look after 照顾
look down on/upon小看；轻视 look on 旁观 look into调查 look out当心
look over细看、查看 look through 浏览 leave behind 忘记携带 leave out遗漏 leave off 停下来 make for 走向 make out写出，辨认出 make sense有意义 make up 组成 make up for 补偿 put aside储蓄 put away 收起来，放好 put down记下， put forward 提出 put off推迟 put out熄灭
put up with 忍受=live with run into 偶然碰到 run out of 用光，耗尽 see off送行
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see through看破 see to负责 set aside拨出、置于一边 set back推迟。阻碍 set down制定 set off动身
set out 启程，开始
*take advantage of利用 Take after 与。。相像 Take apart拆开 Take down记下 Take for把。。。认为是 Take in欺骗、领会 Take off脱下
Take on承担、呈现（面貌） Take over接管 turn down拒绝、关小 turn in上交 turn off关闭
turn up出现，调大
turn over打翻、仔细考虑
(四) 完形填空答题技巧
完形填空答题三步骤
为了能更好地完成完形填空题，应注意下列三步：
第一步：不看选项，跳过空格快速通读一遍全文及全部选择答案。
仔细读好文章的首尾两句，推测文章大意，了解故事发生的时间、地点、气氛及有关的人物
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第二步：边读边选，前后兼顾。
记清上下文内容和逻辑关系，先做有把握的选题，跳过无把握的选题，不可在一处花费过多时间。 第三步：带着所选项答案再读一遍全文。
再从头至尾阅读一遍全文，边读边重核所选答案，并确定先前没有填出的答案。在阅读时要考虑上下文的各种因素，这些因素包括：时间关系，动作顺序，同义词．因果关系，条件关系，让步关系，比较、顺接、转折关系，语气变化等。但如果在不看短文情况下就能根据该句做出选项判断，也可先做该项。例如： There were ______people in the bus and no empty seats． A． many B． a few C．only a few D. few
在这一题中，根据no empty seats可以判断出A是正确答案选择答案的
完形填空逆推技巧
大多数考生在做完型填空的时候，习惯是先看一个句子再来看选项。不过我们可以换一种思路来进行选择，那就是先看选项，再看文章。下面我们就来分类别介绍一下。
一． 如果选项都是某个动词的不同形式，则这个题目很可能考察的是这个动词的时态问题，或者这个动词和其主语的搭
配问题，或者考察的是这个动词构成的不同词组之间的辨析，或者考察虚拟语气的问题。对于时态问题，我们的解决办法是看文章中有没有明确的时间，如果没有我们可以看原文中别的动词用的是什么时态。如果考察的是动词和主语搭配的问题，则我们要根据那个主语来进行判断了。如果考察词组辨析，则只能靠我们对这些词组的识别和对原文的理解了。如果考察虚拟语气，则原句中肯定有符合虚拟语气的特定词语，比如原句谓语是wish，suggest等。 例1
A miser sold all that he had and bought a lump of gold, which he buried in a hole in the ground by the side of an old wall and _______ to look at daily. A. went B. goes C. go D. had gone
[解析]选项明显都是动词go的不同形式，这几个选项有时态上的区别，也有主谓一致方面的区别（如B这个形式就是用在主语是单数第三人称一般现在时的时候）。首先我们来看时态，原句中没有明确的时间但是有很多动词，比如“had”
、“bought”、“buried”等，据此我们可知划线处的动词也应该是过去式，这样就排除了B和C。再看原句最后又一个副词daily作状语，其意思是“每天”。据此可知划线处的动词不需要用过去完成时了，最后答案断定是A。 例2
Kate and Sandy are American students. They ________ sisters. A. am B. is C. are D. ／
[解析]选项都是动词Be的不同形式，而且明显考察的改动词和主语的搭配，原句中的主语是they，据此可知选择C。 例3
Gates and his wife _______ the foundation to help with health and education projects around the world. A. set up B. set to C. set out D. set off
[解析]选项都是由动词set构成的词组，所以我们先来看看这四个词组的意思。Set up意思是“建立”，set to意思是“开始做”，set out的意思是“出发”，set off的意思是“出发，动身”。再看原文的意思，该句大意是“Gates和妻子________这个基金，目的是帮助全球的健康和教育项目。”据此可知这里选择A最好。
二．如果选项中是同一个动词，但是有的是不定式，有的是动名词或者分词形式，则我们要考虑的就是该动词需不需要用不定式，动名词或者分词的形式了。 例
A neighbor,______ him overcome with grief（悲伤） and learning the cause, said, \"Go and take a stone, and place it in the hole, and fancy that the gold is still lying there. It will do you quite the same service; for when the gold was there, you did not make the slightest use of it.\" A. saw B. see C. seeing D. was seeing
[解析]选项中出现了同一个动词see的不同形式。选项中有不同的时态，也有分词，所以我们就要考虑此处是否需要用动词的分词形式了。本句的主语是a neighbor, 谓语动词是said。两个逗号之间的只能做其他成分了。而在这个部分已经出现了一个learning这样的分词，所以划线处可以断定也得用分词形式和learning呼应。所以答案选择C。
三．如果选项中是某个名词的不同形式，则我们一般要考虑此处名词的单复数问题或者该名词构成的固定搭配。
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例
One of his _______ observed his frequent visits to the spot and decided to watch his movements. A. workman B. workmans C.worksman D. workmen
[解析]选项是名词workman（工人）的不同形式，所以我们首先要考虑此处是用单数还是用复数。原句中说“one of his…”可知此处要填入复数名词。那么workman的复数形式是哪一个呢？其实，我们可以由man的复数是men而推测出此处答案是D。 四．如果选项是四不同的词（可以是动词、名词、形容词、副词这些实词或者连词、介词等虚词）。如果选项为实词，则有两种可能。一是这四个词语是近义词，则考察我们对近义词的辨析；如果这四个词语有不同的含义，则考察我们对原文意思的理解。如果选项是虚词，则我们要考虑该虚词固定搭配问题以及对原文的理解。 例1
In New York City, there is a very tall, beautifully decorated Christmas _____ in Rockefeller Center at Christmas time. In Washington, there is also a big decorated tree in front of the White House. A. tree
B. sea
C. street
D. computer
[解析]选项中是四个意思不同的名词，所以我们只能看原文的意思来定了。原文大意是“在纽约，圣诞节的时候洛克菲勒中心会有一个高高的装饰得非常美丽的______。在华盛顿的白宫前面也有一个装饰好的高大的圣诞树。”据此，可知答案是C。 例2
The man, ______ his next visit, found the hole empty and began to tear his hair and to cry. A. from B. to C. in D. on
[解析]选项是四个不同的介词，所以我们来看看是不是固定搭配方面的问题。原句大意是“这个男人在第二次去拜访的路上，发现那个洞已经空了，于是他就挠头痛苦起来。”这里其实考察一个固定词组“on one’s visit to+地点”，意思是“在某人去某地的路上”。所以答案是D。 五．考察某些特定语法
1. 如果选项中出现which，that，who，whom，what则我们要考虑到定语从句或者强调句型或者名词性从句。 2. 如果选项中出现倒装结构，则要考虑此处是否要使用倒装句式或者是否为附加疑问句的形式。 3. 如果选项中出现情态动词must, should等，则考察对这些词语的辨析。 例
A man sold all that he had and bought a lump of gold, ______ he buried in a hole in the ground by the side of an old wall and went to look at daily.
A. that B. which C. who D. where
[解析]选项中出现that，which，who，则我们先来考察此处是否和定语从句有关。本句大意是“一个人出售了自己的财产买了一大块金子，他将金子埋在老墙边的地上，每天都去看看”。gold后面的那个句子其实是一个定语从句用来修饰gold。先行词是gold，再者这个定语从句是一个非限定性的定语从句（gold后有个逗号，此为非限定性定语从句的标志），从而可知定语从句的引导词选择B。
总结：完形填空的题目很多情况下考察的都是对上下文的理解而非单纯的语法现象。所以在无法判断答案的时候，同学们可以先往下读一读，说不定后面就会出现重要的提示。 完形填空应试典型题解
Last night, a fire broke out in Ann’s house in Manchester.
Ann’s _1__ were out of town for the weekend when something wrong in the room caused the fire to start in the middle of the night. The _2__ was waken up by the family dog, Danny, who was barking loudly in the back garden. Ann smelled something __3__. She __4_ and _5__ ran through the smoke-filled house to wake her old brother, Frank.
When Frank would not wake up, Ann got some help from the dog. Frank’s unconscious body was far too_6__for the little girl to move alone, but the __7_ girl brought the dog__8_ and tied the dog’s lead to Frank’s left ankle. She then held her brother’s right ankle, and together the girl and the dog__9_Frank to safety.
The 10-year-old girl, Ann, ___10__ her big brother from death. 1. A. parents B. brother and sister C. friends D. classmates 2. A. child B. boy C. girl D. dog 3. A. delicious B. bad C. burn D. burning 4. A. stood up B. woke up C. got up D. put up 5. A. at once B. at first C. at last D. at that moment
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6. A. big B. small C. light D. heavy 7. A. careless B. busy C. clever D. careful 8. A. inside B. outside C. back D. near 9. A. pushed B. pulled C. called D. made 10. A. was received B. got C. was saved D. saved
[1]A.考查上下文理解。第一段提到火灾发生在Ann的家里。本句要我们判断火灾发生的时候Ann的家人里有谁出城度周末去了。因为后文提到Ann的哥哥Frank在家，所以这里推测应该是Ann的父母出城度假去了，所以选择A。
[2]C.考查上下文理解。这里让我们判断谁被狗叫声吵醒了。根据后文知道是Ann被吵醒了，而Ann是一个女孩，所以选择C。 [3]D.考查上下文理解和词汇用法。根据文章的意思，这里应该表示“Ann闻到了着火的气味”。另外，形容词修饰something/anything/nothing的时候要放在这些词的后面，所以综合起来考虑我们选择burning。Burning这里是形容词，意思是“燃烧的”。
[4]C.考查句意理解。本句表示Ann于是就起床了，然后立刻跑过烟气弥漫的物资去叫醒她的哥哥Frank。据此，选择got up，这个词组意思就是“起床”。
[5]A.考查句意理解。根据上题的解释，这里选择at once，意思是“立刻”。
[6]D.考查句意理解。根据文章我们知道Frank此时已经呈昏迷状态，而且他太重了，Ann根本就搬不动。所以，选择heavy，意思是“重的”。
[7]C.考查句意理解。后面这几句说的是“小姑娘很聪明，她把狗牵进了屋子，将狗的链子栓在了Frank的左脚踝上，而自己则拉着Frank的右脚踝，最终将Frank救了出来”。所以，选择clever，意思是“聪明的”。 [8]A.根据上题的解释，选择inside，表示将狗带进屋内。 [9]B.考查句意理解。“pulled”的意思是“拖动”，所以本句说的是“Ann和狗一起将Frank拖到了安全的地方”。 [10]D.考查句意理解。Ann就了哥哥，所以选择saved。
The houses inside London are 1 ．Even a small flat in London without a garden 2 a lot of rent．With ____3____ money，one can get a little house in ___4___ with a garden of one’s own. ___5_in the country one___6_____ rest from the noise of the town. ___7____ one has to get up earlier and spend___8___ time in trains or buses, he can sleep better at night．___9___ one like gardens，he can spend ___10___time doing some jobs there．
1．A. large B. small C. more expensive D. cheaper
2．A. takes B. wants C. pays D. costs 3．A. their B. more C. the same D. different 4．A. London B. the city C. the town D. the country 5．A. But B. And C. Otherwise D. However
6．A. shall B. can C. must D. ought to 7．A. But B. Then C. Since D. Even though 8．A. more B. less C. 1ittle D. his spare
9．A. As B. If C. Unles5 D. Even if 10. A. much B. one’s C. his free D. the working Turn out 结果是…
Reach=arrive at=come to a conclusion/decision得出结论 At the expense of 在牺牲…之下 This is the case这时真的
[解析]略读以上短文能得知其大意是关于伦敦城内与城外的房价问题以及住在乡村而在城市里工作的好处。
1．判断题。从下文可以分析出应填“较贵”一词。A，B与其无关，应首先排除其可能性，C不切题意，D为正确答案。
2．惯用法题。所缺少的是一个能与a lot of rent相匹配的动词，来表示即使是很小的公寓也要花费很高的租金。A，B在此种情况下不可能被选用，C通常以人为主语，因而不能选，D是正确答案。
3．句法题。缺少的是涉及上句和本句中房价的参照数。A无所指，并与主语one不相对应，B和D意思不
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明确，C为正确答案。
4．推理分析题。依据上文inside London和下文in the country进行推理分析，判定D为正确答案。 5．并列和对称关系题。B为正确答案。 6．词选题。B为正确答案。
7．让步关系题。句子的意思为“即使„„也能”。A表示转折，B表示与now相对，C表示时间和地点，均不符合题意，D为正确答案。
8．逻辑题。所选答案应与本身的get up earlier相一致，形成get up earlier and spend more time。整个让步状语从句的意思为“即使(住在乡下)要早起，要多花时间赶车，他晚上还是能够睡个好觉”，B，C，D不切题意。A为正确答案。
9．假设条件题。B为正确答案。
10．意思连贯题。“如果你喜欢园艺的话，不妨利用自己的闲暇时间呆在乡下，种些花草、蔬菜”。C为正确答案。
[答案]1—5CDCDB 6一10BDABC
在有些家庭，父母不仅工作而且还照顾房子和孩子. 这个小组分成了两个，因为它太大了 他们计划扩展他们的这个领域的研究
The year of 2008! Well, let me tell you something about it. I really have too many things to do in the year of 2008.
Firstly, I want to go to Beijing with my girlfriend to see the Olympic Games. Secondly, I will probably get married in 2008.
Thirdly, I want to find a better job in this year, so that I can make more money. So, you see I really have too many things to do in the year of 2008.
[例2]
Who doesn’t love sitting beside a fire on a cold winter night? Fire is one of man’s greatest friends，but also one of___1___ greatest enemies．Many big fires are caused by carelessness．A 1ighted cigarette thrown ___2___ a car or a train window, or a broken bottle lying on dry grass can ___3___ a fire．Sometimes a fire can start on its own．Wet hay can begin burning by itself．This is 4 it happens：The hay starts to rot(腐烂) and begins to ___5___ heat which is trapped(阻碍) inside it．Finally，it bursts into flames(火焰)． That is why farmers cut and store their hay when it’s dry．
Fires have destroyed___6___ cities. In the l7th century，a small fire which___7___ in a shop burnt down nearly every building in London．Moscow was set to fire during the war against Napoleon．
This fire___8___ burning for seven days．Even today, in spite of modern fire—fighting___9___, fire causes a great deal of damage each year both in our cities and in the countryside．It has been widely ___10___ that fire is a good servant but a very bad master． 1．A．his B．its C．our D．their 2．A．into B．out of C．from D．over 3．A．happen B．light C．make D．start 4．A．what B．why C．how D．because 5．A. give off B．get out C．break out D．make out 6．A．no B．many C small D．big 7．A．was B．is C．start D．began 8．A．lasted B．continued C．stopped D．began
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9．A．methods B．researches C．studies D．engines 10．A．written B．asked C．forgotten D．said [解析]
1．句法题。分析短句可知，这个空缺少的是一个代词的所有格，即“谁的”。看上文可知，这个代词的所有格应与上文的man这个英文词一致，因此A为正确答案。
2．句法题。读全句可知，此空缺少一个表示“从„„(出来)”的词组，A，C，D，不切题意。B为正确答案。
3．惯用法题。此处缺少一个动词，表示“引起”的意思。D为正确答案。
4．推理分析题。下文介绍火是如何燃烧起来的，因此这里应用how。C为正确答案。
5．惯用法题。读全句可知，此空需填一个表示“释放”的英文动词词组。应用give off。give off heat意为释放热量。A为正确答案。
6．逻辑题。从下文内容能得出这一推断：“火灾已经毁灭了许多座城市”。B为正确答案。 7．句法题。此空缺少一个表示“开始”的过去时态的动词。D为正确答案。
8．句法题。全句的意思为“那场大火持续燃烧数日”，应选continued与burning搭配。B为正确答案。 9．词选题。缺少“方法”一词，应选methods一词。A为正确答案。
10．理解题。前半句的意思应为“人们至今还广为传说„„”，widely said为“广为传说”。D为正确答案。
[答案] l一5ABDCA 6一10BDBAD
完型填空题目的考点介绍 (一) 语法题
1. 完型填空中有相当一部分考题是语法题，要求考生熟练掌握和运用语法知识，作出正确选择。语法包括时态、语气、非谓语动词、关系代词和关系副词、分句、主动和被动及惯用法等语法现象。以下举例说明特别应予以注意的方面及具体对策。
(1) 时态：对完型填空中的时态题的判断，第一可以根据表示时间的信息词来判断，这类题比较容易。表时间的词比如since, before, after, already, ever since, for a long time, yesterday, in 1992, now等。第二可以根据上下文提供的信息来判断。例如：
I (A. should have fallen, B. ought to have fallen, C. would have fallen, D. must have fallen) asleep while I was working because it (A. had taken, B. took, C. was taking, D. would take) me a long time to realize that the telephone was ringing.
根据while I was working及句意，第一空应选must have fallen，表示对过去事实的推测。第二空选took，因为只是对过去事情的一般陈述。
(2) 非谓语动词：非谓语动词各自具有不同的语法功能和使用范围。分词作定语，还可以做表示原因、时间和伴随的状语；不定式作定语，还可以作表示目的和结果的状语；动名词可以做宾语、主语、表语或介词宾语。因此做非谓语动词的试题，要注意分析其在句中的语法作用，另外还要注意一些词的固定用法，牢固掌握必须跟动名词的动词和必须跟动词不定式的动词也是很必要的。例如：
Many adults are not interested (A. to going, B. about going, C. in going) to college. Continuing education gives these adults the opportunity to increase their knowledge about their own field or to learn about a new field.
固定用法，应选in going。 (3) 替代词：英语中替代词很多，既可以用来替代单词，也可以用来替代词组、短语和句子。常见的有do(does, did), so, one, ones, ours, yours, theirs, this, that, those, he, it, they等。完型填空题借用其语篇优势，常设有词类题。考生做这类题时，要仔细分析句子的语义关系，搞清所替代的内容是什么。例如：
Life was very difficult for them because of the desert climate. Yet their lives were rich (A. with, B. for, C. in, D. without) art.
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应选择in，是固定用法。
（二） 词汇题
完型填空的词汇题一种是词义辨析题，一种是单纯的测试词义的题。要做好词汇题，考生应掌握词汇的内涵、外延和语法功能，了解近义词的细微差异。例如：
He lives all but he never feels . (alone, lonely)
虽然这两个词意义接近，但是如果知道alone多用作副词，放在名词、动词后或句末作状语，或用作形容词作表语；而lonely是形容词，作表语，或放在名词前作定语，那就不难判断第一空选alone，第二空选 lonely。
（三） 句与句之间的关系
对于这类试题，第一，要掌握表示过渡的连接词的用法和含义，如because表示因果关系，but表示转折关系等；第二，在没有过渡词的情况下，要结合上下文进行推理和判断。分清句与句之间的逻辑关系。例如： Smoking is considered dangerous to the health. Our tobacco-seller Mr. Johnson,
(A. however, B. considering that, C. so long as, D. therefore), always asks his customers, if they are very young.
根据上下文中的“dangerous to health”和下文中的”tobacco-seller”以及”asks his customers if they are very young”可以判断两句之间是因果关系，四个选项中只有therefore表示因果关系，故应选择therefore。
试题分析
One day when Jamie came home after school, his mother had on her worry face. He knew she was thinking of 46 \"It's bad out there. Black clouds are coming from the sea,\" Jamie said. \"Yes. I'm thinking of those fishing boats at sea,\" she said.
At that moment 47 went out. Jamie and his mother were in the dark. \"The coastline will be in the dark,\" Jamie's mother said. She got more worried. 48 always come in threes. I broke my best glasses this morning, and my sister has the cold.
\"Now, don't worry mum. They're right.\" They're 49 to come through this all right.
But Jamie really worried about those fishing boats himself. The fishing boats would 50 the cove (海湾) in the dark.
Jamie took flares and rushed into the wind. There was a cliff by the sea. He started to climb. He 51 himself up hand over hand. At last he reached the top.
He 52 three times. On the fourth try he fired off one of the flares. It rose and cut into the black sky in bright light. Then he saw an answering flare up at sea. Jamie fired off two more. He saw another answering flare up, then another, then another. The answering flares from the fishing boats showed they 53 the entrance to the cove but then changed course and were sailing into the cove. They were almost home. Jamie helped 55 the fishermen of the village.
46. A. the wind B the clouds C. the rain D. the weather 47. A. Jamie B his mother C. the fire D. the lights 48. A. Messages B Accidents C. Troubles D. Questions 49. A. sure B lucky C. safe D. ready 50. A. lose B miss C. leave D. forget 51. A. pushed B pulled C. carried D. climbed 52. A. made B tried C. failed D. finished 53. A. were at B. had found C. had passed by D. were going into . A. now B. then C. once D. again 55. A. answer B. save C. find out D. look for
内容大意： 这篇故事讲述了Jamie，由于他的机智和勇敢，救了他父亲的渔船和其他人的渔船。首先快速阅
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读这篇完形，掌握故事的主要脉络，然后填词。
46．[答案]D。[解析]注意“It's bad out there'．It指the weather，可从下一句推出。The clouds要用代词they来代替。加填the wind和the rain句意不通。
47．[答案]D。[解析]注意下句中的“„in the dark\"。
48．[答案]C。[解析]注意下句中的“I broke my best glasses this morning and my
sister has the cold’可知是两件坏事，可排除A、D两项。 “Troubles always come in threes．”是一个成语。意为“祸不单行”。
49. [答案]A。 [解析]“be sure to do”，意为‘定会”。这句话意思是他们(指Jamie的父亲和其他的渔民)定会经受住这场暴风雨，顺利返航的。
50．[答案]B。 [解析]这题考查词意辨析。lose是‘丢失”，miss是“错过”，leave是“离开、动身”或“把某物落在了某地”，forget是“忘记”。根据词义，可选择miss。 51．[答案]B。[解析]这题仍是词义辨析。pushed意为“推”，pulled意为“拉”，carried意为“运、提、搬”，climbed意为“爬”。He pulled himself up hand over hand．这句话意思是：借助于双手逐步向上攀登。 52．[答案]C。 [解析]注意下句中的on the fourth try“在第四次的尝试中”，可知前面失败了三次。应填人failed。 53．[答案]C。[解析]这句话意思是：渔船上发射的回答的信号弹表明，渔船已驶过了海湾的人口处，但后来又改变了路线，现正开进海湾。根据句意应选择had passed by，过去完成时表示这一动作发生在showed之前。 ．[答案]A。[解析1应选now。这句意为：此时正驶人海湾。Now可指过去某时‘的“此时”。 55．[答案]B。 [解析]读完上边的故事，可得出结论Jamie帮助挽救了村里的渔民。填人save。
（五）英译汉翻译
考生应能在10分钟内将3个难度适中的英文句子翻译成中文。考生应能1.对英语原文有准确的理解；2.做到译文通顺、达意。
总结：不管用何种技巧和方法，翻译最基本的方法就是找出句子的主干，即主语、谓语、（宾语）/（表语）。在找到了主干后，在将句子的其他成分一一翻译出来即可。
看一个例子吧：下面这个题目是考研英语中的一道题目。做完后你或许会发现，翻译就是这么简单。
例：We hope the measures to control prices, as they have been taken by the government, will succeed. 解题：
1.分析此句的主干：主语是“we”; 谓语动词是“hope”;宾语明显是后面的所有剩余部分：“the measures to control prices, as they have been taken by the government, will succeed.”（这样一个做宾语的句子就是传说中的宾语从句了）。据此，我们可以在草稿纸上写出：我们希望________。
2.下面我们来分析那个宾语从句该怎么翻译。宾语从句也是一个句子，要翻译他，我们仍然得重复步骤1的套路，找出其主干。经过分析，该宾语从句的主语是 “the measures”,谓语动词是“will succeed”；因为succeed是不及物动词，所以succeed后不需要宾语。结合步骤1我们写出： 我们希望这些措施会成功。
3．宾语从句还剩下很多没有翻译，我们来补充。The measures后面的不定式短语to control prices明显是修饰the measures的，所以我们写下：我们希望这些控制价格的措施会成功。 最后还剩下两个逗号之间的“as they have been taken by the government”，这明显是个状语，直面翻译过来就是“正如他们被采取的那样”。 最后将上面的结果和在一起得到：
我们希望这些控制价格的措施，正如他们被采取的那样，会成功。
4．读一读上面的结果，看看是否顺口，意思是否有不合理的地方。经过调整，可以得到：我们希望，已经采取的控制物价的措施将取得成功。
这个翻译明显更符合汉语的习惯。当然如果你多做练习以后，是不需要向这里写得这样这么麻烦的。不过，基本的单词你必须掌握。英语统考要求掌握3000单词，并不算多。熟练掌握1800个单词.大家好好准备。
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（六）写作题对策
写作套路：为了应付统考，可以尝试按照以下文章套路来写作 第一段
1.抄题目. Well, let me tell you something about it. 2.写出自己对题目的态度，或者总体意见，或者感觉 第二段
firstly , 自己的意见一或者情况一. Secondly，自己的意见2或者情况2 Lastly, 自己的意见三或者情况3 第三段
So/from above, you see +自己的态度/意见/感觉
考生应能在30分钟内写出长度不少于80词的常见应用文及一般的叙述文、说明文和议论文。考生应能：1.用较正确的语法、词汇、拼写、标点进行表达；2.基本做到内容切题，结构严谨，条理清楚；3.根据不同的写作目的进行有针对性的写作。
作文题目1：About a book you like
我们可以套用开始说的那个写作套路，得到如下结果：
About a book you like? Well, today let me tell you something about it. I really like a book named Super Girl.
Why do I like the book? Well, let me tell you the reasons. Firstly, the story in the book is very interesting. The story is about how the girls became super stars. Secondly, I can learn a lot from the story. Thirdly, my mother bought this book for me.
So, you see I really like the book named Super Girl. 作文题目2：What happened on New Year’s day? 根据写作套路可以这么写
What happened on New Year’s Day? Well/ok, let me tell you something about it. I really do not like the day.
Why do I hate that day? Well, I have some reasons to say. Firstly, on that day, I lost a lot of money on a bus. Secondly, on that day, I broke up with my girlfriend. Thirdly, on that day, I was fired by my boss. So, you see I really do not like that day.
以下为分类型写作指导 1． 应用文（写信）
在这类题型中，考生会读到一个特定的场景，试题要求考生按照这个特定的场景给相关人士写一封短信，并在信中明确表达自己写信的原因和目的等。文章所涉及的内容多种多样，但大部分都与日常生活比较贴近，只要掌握了英语书信的基本格式，并运用恰当的句式和语句，就一定能写出一篇好的书信来。例如： *邀请对方来你处
Dear Tom/Sir/Madam,
开始要写“时间飞逝，很久没见”这样的套话
How time flies! I haven’t seen you for 3 years since graduation. (I haven’t seen you for a long time since last year.)
(I haven’t seen you for a long time since we met in our school.)
(I haven’t seen you for a long time since we met in the party several years ago.) I miss you very much. 问对方近况
How is everything going there?
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(How is everything with you?)
问对方适不适应目前的工作/生活/学习/环境 Do you like your present job in US? (How is your study in US?)
(Do you like your environment there/in US?) 表达自己认为对方肯定过得不错
I think you must be very happy with your life/job/work/study/new environment? (I think you surely/certainly like your job/work/life very much.) 邀请对方来你处的原因
You see, next week will be the National Day/May Day/Spring Festival/New year’s Day. I think maybe you would like to come here to visit me. 说说你处的新情况
I have just bought a new house, so maybe you would like to see it.
(I have just got married, so maybe you would like to see my wife Jane.) (I have just got a child, so maybe you would like to see my baby Jack.)
(There is a new park in our city, and it is very interesting. So maybe you and I can go there for a visit.) 表达希望尽快收到对方的回复/尽快看到对方： Hope to hear from you soon. Hope to see you here soon. 信末套语：
Yours sincerely/truly, Xia Fang
*给别人写封拒绝的信
题目：写一封信给你的同学，请对方为你订奥运门票. Dear Tom,
How time flies. We haven’t seen each other for 2 years. How is your life?
I want to see the Olympic Games in Beijing. But I do not know how to book the ticket. Would you help
me? Firstly, you are in Beijing. Secondly, I know you have friends working for the Games. Thirdly, we are best friends, I know you would not refuse me.
So, please do help me buy some tickets. Yours sincerely Jane
Dear sir/Tom/Madam,
表示你已得知对方邀请了自己/你已经收到了对方的邀请信：
I have received your invitation (letter) to go to your birthday party. 表达感谢：
Thanks for inviting me. 明确说出自己将无法参加：
But I am afraid that I cannot go to your party. 说出不能出席的原因：
Because I have to attend a very important course that day. ( because I have to attend my brother’s wedding that day.)
(because my father will come to visit me that day, and I have to meet him in the airport.) 表达抱歉, 并表达祝福：
I am very sorry for that. And happy birthday！ （wish you a happy party！）
结尾要署名Sincerely yours, Xiao Gang
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[实际练兵] 要求在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目和中文提纲用英语写出一封不少于80词的短信。
A Get-together on May 1st
1．了解对方近日的情况。
2．你的近况并通知他(她)：五一长假有一个同学聚会。 3．邀请对方参加。
（记住不要漏掉题目）A Get-together on May 1st
（日期写在信的右上角，可采用月、日、年的顺序） April 15, 2007
Dear Wang Hong:（第一行写称谓，从信纸左边顶格写起，开头第一个词和专有名词的第一个字母要用大写，末尾用逗号或冒号）
信的正文
［第一段］要了解对方近日的情况
How is everything getting along with you? 你近来一切可好？
It is almost one year since we graduated from university. 我们大学毕业都快一年了。
I miss you very much. 我非常想念你。
What have you been doing all these days? 你近来都做些什么？
［第二段］介绍你的近况并通知他(她)：五一长假有一个同学聚会。 I have been a middle school teacher in my hometown since graduation. 自从毕业后我一直在家乡担任中学老师。
Teaching always keeps me busy, but I like my students and I love teaching, you know. 但你要知道，我喜欢我的学生，热爱这份教书工作。
So everything is fine here. 因此我这一切都很好。
There will be a former classmates' getting together during this May Day holiday at my school. 今年五一长假我们学校将举办一个老同学聚会。
［第三段］邀请对方参加。 You are my best friend. 你是我最要好的朋友。
I never forget those happy days we spent together. 我不能忘怀共同度过的那些美好时光。
I hope you can come to my school when the time is due and you are free. 如果时间定下来你又有空的话，希望你能来我们学校。
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I am looking forward to your reply.盼望你的回信。
（结束语写在正文下面两三行的位置，末尾用逗号）Yours truly, 您忠实的
Li Hua
A Get-together on May 1st
April 15, 2007
Dear Wang Hong:
How is everything getting along with you? It is almost one year since we graduated from university. I miss you very much. What have you been doing all these days?
I have been a middle school teacher in my hometown since graduation. Teaching always keeps me busy, but I like my students and I love teaching, you know. $o everything is fine here. There will be a former classmates' getting together during this May Day holiday at my school.
You are my best friend. I never forget those happy days we spent together. I hope you can come to my school when the time is due and you are free.
I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours truly, Li Hua
2． 说明文
比如说：介绍你最爱的一本书
Today, I will tell you something about one of my favorite books. Its name is “King Kong”. It is very
interesting. If you want to ask me why I like it so much, Ok, please let me tell you the truth. The book is given to me as a birthday present by my mother when I was 15. The book is very beautiful, and there are many pictures in the book. When I read it, I often smile. Now you see the reason.
1. 记叙文写作
[实际练兵] 要求在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目和中文提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。
Sports
1．你喜欢什么运动。
2．你如何喜欢上这种运动。
3．运动对你有什么益处(工作、学习和生活)。
(题目)Sports
[第一段] 要介绍我喜欢什么运动以及我是如何喜欢上这种运动的。 Just as lots of teenagers take to pop music，I love basketball．
就像许多十来岁的年轻人开始对流行音乐产生兴趣，我喜欢打篮球。
It's part of my life．
篮球成为我生活的一部分。
I began to play basketball in my childhood． 我从儿童时期就开始打篮球了。
I still remember the good old days when l played with. my classmates after school. 我至今还记得，当时放学之后和同学一起打篮球的那段过去美好时光。
Later on, as I grew up, almost everything changed, this sport--playing basketball remained and my love of it grew even stronger. 以后我长大了，几乎一切都改变了，但对这项运动――打篮球的爱好始终没变，甚至对打篮球的爱好更强烈了。
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[第二段] 介绍打篮球对我有什么益处。
I love this sport because it brings joys and health to my life.（主题句） 我喜欢这项运动，因为它给我的生活带来喜悦和健康。
When I got tired from office work, I went to the sports ground and felt refreshed. 当我在办公室工作感到疲劳，我就去运动场，就会感到精神又振作起来。
If there were worries and cares from daily life, I went to the sports ground. 如果在日常生活中 有什么烦恼和忧虑，我就去运动场。
There everything went away except basketball. It is basketball that keeps me in good shape and mood. 我觉得除了篮球，一切烦恼和忧虑都无影无踪。是篮球使我保持良好的体形和心态。
Sports
Just as lots of teenagers take to pop music，I love basketball．It's part of my life．I began to play basketball in my childhood．I still remember the good old days when l played with my classmates after school. Later on, as I grew up, almost everything changed, this sport--playing basketball remained and my love of it grew even stronger.
I love this sport because it brings joys and health to my life. When I got tired from office work, I went to the sports ground and felt refreshed. If there were worries and cares from daily life, I went to the sports ground. There everything went away except basketball. It is basketball that keeps me in good shape and mood.
题目：What happened on New Year’s day? 根据写作套路可以这么写
What happened on New Year’s Day? Well/ok, let me tell you something about it. I really do not like the day.
Firstly, on that day, I lost a lot money on a bus. Secondly, on that day, I broke up with my girlfriend. Thirdly, on that day, I was fired by my boss. So, you see I really do not like that day.
2. “对比选择型”议论文怎么写？
这类题型是英语统考写作中最为常见的题型之一，其标志明显，非常容易识别。作文题目直接要求考生比较两种观点或两种做法，进而表明自己对问题或事物的态度或观点，也就是做出选择。 写作套路如下：
1． 第一部分明确说出自己的观点 2． 给出自己的理由（至少三个） 3． 最后再次重复一下自己的观点 比如：你认为吸烟应不应该禁止？
Whether smoking should be banned (stopped) is a very hot topic today. In my mind (in my opinion), I think smoking should be banned. I have the following three reasons.
Firstly, smoking is very danger to the smokers’ health. It is especially harmful to the smoker’s lungs. Secondly, smoking is harmful to non-smokers. When a person is smoking beside you, you are also harmed. Thirdly/lastly, smoking costs a lot of money. And we can use this money to do many other useful things.
From what I have said above, I think smoking must be banned.
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练习2
题目：你认为看电视到底是不是个好的习惯？
Whether watching TV is a good hobby/habit is a very hot topic today. In my mind, I think it is not a good habit. I have the following three reasons.
Firstly, watching TV is harmful to people’s eyes. Watching TV for a long time will make your eyes very tired.
Secondly, watching TV needs a lot of time. We can use the time to do other many useful things.
Thirdly/lastly, watching TV will make you very lazy. Students sometimes will not want to their homework.
From what I have said above, I think watching TV is not a good habit.
[实际练兵] 要求在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目和中文提纲用英语写出一封不少于80词的短文。
My Opinion on Cell Phones
1．使用手机的好处。 2．使用手机的弊端。 3．我的看法。
（题目）My Opinion on Cell Phones
［第一段］说明现状
Cell phones do play an important role in people's daily life, but every coin has its two sides.手机在人们日常生活中发挥着重要的作用，但任何事物都有正反两方面。
［第二段］介绍使用手机的好处。
To start with, as a wireless mobile phone, it's convenient for the user at any time to contact others. 首先，作为无线移动话机，使用者在任何时候都可以方便地和他人进行联络。
Secondly, it's a helpful companion. 其次，手机是个有用的伙伴。
With a multifunctional cell phone in hand, one can easily surf the net, downloading what he needs. 一款多功能手机在握，需要的时候，你可以很方便地上网冲浪，下载文件
［第三段］写一下使用手机的弊端。
However, the cell phone has many disadvantages. 然而，手机也有很多弊端。
For one thing, the machine itself is very expensive and its local service is very costly, not to mention its global service.
首先，手机本身很昂贵，而且本地通话费也很高，更不用说国际长途的费用。
For another, the radiation from the mobile phones might do harm to the user's health. 其次，手机产生的辐射，可能对使用者身体造成伤害。
［第四段］谈谈我的看法。
In my opinion, with its expenses being reduced sharply after China's entry into the WTO, its development will have a brighter future.
在我看来，中国加入世贸组织之后，随着手机费用的大幅下调，其发展会有更加光明的前程。
Therefore its advantages will far outweigh its disadvantages. 因此，手机的优势将远远超过其不利因素。
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题目：Car or bike?
1. car or bike? Ok, let me tell you something about it? I like bike.
2. why do I like bike? Ok, I have some reasons. Firstly, bike is cheaper than car.
Secondly, I do not have money to buy a car. Thirdly, I am afraid of car accidents. So, you see why I like bike not car.
My Opinion on Cell Phones
Cell phones do play an important role in people's daily life, but every coin has its two sides.
To start with, as a wireless mobile phone, it's convenient for the user at any time to contact others. Secondly, it's a helpful companion. With a multifunctional cell phone in hand, one can easily surf the net, downloading what he needs.
However, the cell phone has many disadvantages. For one thing, the machine itself is very expensive and its local service is very costly, not to mention its global service. For another, the radiation from the mobile phones might do harm to the user's health.
In my opinion, with its expenses being reduced sharply after China's entry into the WTO, its development will have a brighter future. Therefore its advantages will far outweigh its disadvantages.
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