【英语】短语动词知识点(大全)经典

【英语】短语动词知识点(大全)经典

一、短语动词

1．— How long does it take you to prepare for the English exam?

— It takes me about one week and a half.

A. take off B. decide on C. get ready for

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：——你准备英语考试花了多长时间？——花了一个半周。prepare for为……做准备；take off脱下；起飞；decide on决定；get ready for为……做准备。故选Ｃ。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

2．The students ought to wear school uniforms when they're at school.

A. are supposed to B. are allowed to C. would like to D. love to

【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意:当学生们在学校的时候应该穿校服。ought to的意思是应

该，后跟动词的原形。be supposed to 被认为应该做某事；be allowed to do sth.被允许去做某事；would like to 愿意去做某事；love to 喜欢去做某事。故选A。

【点评】考查动词。

3．There was a rainstorm yesterday. The flood _______ the old bridge over the small river.

A. washed away B. went away C. kept

away D. ran away

【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意：昨天有一场暴风雨。洪水冲走了小河上的旧桥。wash away冲走；go away离开；keep away使远离；run away逃跑。根据句意，故答案为A。【点评】考查动词短语辨析，熟记与away构成的动词短语，在理解句意的基础上判断答案。

4．The company wants to a school for the poor children．

A. put off B. set up C. call

in D. look after

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：这家公司想为贫困儿童建一所学校。put off推迟；延期；

set up建立；call in召集；打电话；look after照顾。故选B。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

5．Don't waste water the river and the lake.

A. put; into B. pour; in C. pour;

into D. put; to

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：不要把废水倒到河里和湖里。pour……into把……倒入；put……into把……放在……里。故选C。

【点评】考查动词短语。

6．—Could we the arriving time for school to 8:00 am, Mr. Li? —You mean 7:30 is a little earlier? Let's discuss it with the headmaster.

A. find out B. give up C. put

off D. cut out

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：——李先生，我们可以将到校时间推迟到早上八点吗？—

—你意思是7点半早了一点吗？那么我们和校长一起商量一下吧。A.弄明白；B.放弃；C.推迟；D.切断。由于觉得7点半有的早，所以将时间推迟到8点，故选C。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。注意find out，give up，put off和cut out的词义和用法。

7．Eton College in England was in 1440 by King Henry VI to give free education to poor students．

A. cleaned up B. set up C. fixed

up D. cheered up

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：英国的伊顿大学是由亨利六世在1440建的，为了给贫困的学生免费的教育。clean up打扫干净；set up建起；fix up安排；修理；cheer up使振作起来；使高兴起来。根据句意可知选B。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

8．It's six o'clock．It's time to get up．Please ．

A. wake up him him D. heat him up

B. wake him up C. heat up

【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意：6点了，该起床了，请把他叫醒。wake up叫醒；heat up加热。“及物动词+副词”构成的动词短语在跟代词作宾语是，注意代词放在动词后副词前，故选B。

【点评】考查动词短语

9．Tim won the first prize in the piano competition. His parents ________him.

A. take care in D. wait for

B. look up C. take pride

【答案】C

【解析】试题分析：句意：提姆在钢琴比赛中获得一等奖。他的父母为他骄傲。take care当心，小心; 坚持到底;

look up向上看;查找; take pride in v.以…为骄傲; wait for等待。所以选C。

10．The street will be flooded when it rains heavily.

A. filled with cars B. filled with people C. filled with water

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：当雨下得太大时，这条街会被淹没。flood译为“淹没”；A.装满了车； B.装满了人； C.装满了水。结合句意选C。

【点评】考查动词短语词义辨析。

11．As a kind of important energy, coal（煤炭） can _______ one day.

A. keep out B. run out C. be run

out D. run out of

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】短语run out意为“用完，耗尽（主语是物）”，keep out“阻止……进入”， run out of “用完……东西（主语是人）”；选项C是被动形式，其后应加介词of，故选B。

12．—The box is too heavy to carry. What's in it?

—Oh, it is________ books

A. filled with B. covered with C. used

for D. asked for

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：—这箱子重得搬不动。里面是什么？。—噢，它装满了书。

be filled with意为“用……装满”；be covered with意为“用……覆盖”；be usede for意为“用来做”；be asked for意为“请求”。根据句意重得搬不动，应该是装满了书。故答案为A。

【点评】考查短语动词be filled with,同义词组为be full of

13．— Excuse me, may I take a seat here?

— Of course.

A. sit B. sleep C. smoke

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：——打扰一下，我可以坐这儿吗？——当然。take a seat坐下，sit坐；sleep睡眠；smoke抽烟。故选A。

【点评】考查动词短语。

14．Please keep still, or I can't cut your hair. It's dangerous.

A. don't come B. don't move C. don't be late

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：请不要动，不然我不能给你剪头发，很危险。keep still静止不动；A.别来；B.别动；C.别迟到。故选B。

【点评】考查动词短语的意思。

15． I would rather _____ hiking than _____ swimming.

A. to go , to go B. going,

going C. go ,go D. go, going

【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意:我宁愿去徒步旅行也不愿去游泳。本句中考查的句型是would rather do sth. than do sth.，宁愿做……也不愿做……，两部分中都用动词的原形。故选C。

【点评】考查动词。

16．If you want to know more about space, please ___________ the book A Brief History of Time.

A. look

through

B. look

around

C. look

after D. look down upon

【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意：如果你想多了解太空，请浏览《时间简史》这本书。look through浏览；look around环顾四周；look after照顾；look down upon瞧不起。根据句意，故答案为A。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。熟记短语，理解句意，根据语境判断选项。

17．Joe has caused many problems and his dad can't ______ good ways to solve his trouble.

A. come up with B. catch up with C. work

out D. write down

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】come up with”想出“；catch up with”赶上“；work out”解决“；write down”写下来“。句意为：Joe惹出许多麻烦，他的爸爸想不出方法来解决他的麻烦。”想出方法“用come up with，故选A。

【点评】考查短语动词的辨析。

18．--- Are you going to have a part time job during the summer vacation?

--- Yes. I think I shouldn't always ______ my parents since I've grown up.

A. fight against B. argue with C. hear

from D. depend on

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意：——你暑假要做兼职吗？——是的，我认为既然我已经长大了，我不应该总是依靠父母。depend on依靠；取决于；fight against与……打架；argue with与某人争论；hear from收到……来信。故选D。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

19．I stood on the top of Mount Tai and ________ to the small village below me.

A. looked down B. looked after C. looked

up D. looked through

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：我站在泰山顶上，俯视我脚下的小村庄。look down，俯视，look after，照顾，look up，向上看，look through，看穿，根据 stood on the top of Mount Tai，可知village在脚下，因此是俯视 ， 故选A。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析，注意根据题干判断语境。

20．﹣______! Something is falling down from the tall building.

﹣ Dear me! It's dangerous.

A. Look out B. Help yourself C. What a

pity D. Shut up.

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：﹣﹣留神!有东西从高楼上掉下来了. ﹣﹣哦，亲爱的！这是危险的. look out当心，留神，向外看，help yourself自取……，what a pity真可惜，shut up安静，闭嘴，根据后面一句话\"有东西从高楼上掉下来了. \"可知这里应该提醒对方注意，故选：A.

【点评】考查动词短语，理解句子的意思及每个选项的意思，结合语境选择合适的答案.

21．—Why do you want to your job? You did really well.

— Because I just want to join my husband's company and give him support.

A. give out B. give in C. give up

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：——你为什么想要放弃你的工作？你做得真的很好。——因为我只是想要加入我丈夫的公司，支持他。A. 分发，发出，B. 屈服，C. 放弃，要加入丈夫的公司，需要放弃现在的工作，故选C。

【点评】考查动词短语。根据句意确定正确的选项，并牢记三个短语。

22．Because of the terrible weather, we have to the sports meeting.

A. put away B. put up C. put

out D. put off

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意：由于天气恶劣，我们不得不推迟运动会。A： put away把......收好； B： put up 张贴；C： put out 熄灭；D： put off推迟。根据前句 Because of the terrible weather，天气恶劣，可知运动会只能推迟，故选D。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。注意理解短语动词的词义，根据语境选择正确的一项。

23．Kelly doesn't _______ her mother at all. Her mother has a round face while Kelly has a square face.

A. look after B. think about C. take

after D. worry about

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：Kelly一点都不嫌你个她的母亲，她妈妈有一个圆的脸而Kelly有一个方的脸。A.look after照顾，B.think about考虑，C.take after长得像，D.worry about担心。根据后句话提到她妈妈和她不像，可知空缺处填入长起来像，take after，故选C。

【点评】考查了短语动词，注意take after的用法。

24．To make the story shorter, Mr. Trent advised me to ________ the parts that are not interesting.

A. find out B. try out C. cut

out D. give out

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：为了使得这个故事更短，Trent先生建议我删掉那些没有意思的东西。A.find out找出；B.try out尝试；C.cut out剪掉；D.give out捐赠。根据本句话提到make the story shorter和not interesting，可知空缺处应该是删掉，cut out，故选C。

【点评】考查了短语辨析，注意cut out，剪掉。

25．We tried to find a table for seven，but they were all . A. taken up B. kept away C. given

away D. used up

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：我们尽力找一张可以容纳七个人的桌子，但都被占了。A.take up占（时间、场所等）；B.keep away避开、不接近；C.give away泄露、出

卖；D.use up用完、耗尽。根据句意可知是占...,故答案为A。

【点评】考查短语动词。理解句意并牢记固定短语的意义。

26．A notice was in order to remind the students of the changed speech time.

A. sent up B. given up C. set

up D. put up

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意：为了提醒学生们改变演讲时间，学校贴了一张通知。A.sent up射出；B.given up放弃；C.set up建立；D.put up张贴；主语是a notice，张贴广告用动词词组put up，故答案为D。

【点评】考查短语辨析。牢记短语词义和用法。

27．— When did you take up Japanese as a second foreign language?

— When I was 6 years old．

A. start to learn B. refuse to learn C. give up learning

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：——你什么时候把日语作为第二外语学习得？——当我六岁的时候。take up表示开始学习...A、开始学习，B、拒绝学习，C、放弃学习，故选A。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析，首先熟知题意，其次熟知选项每一个动词词组的含义，最后对比题目划线部分含义和选项含义。

28．—The boys were crazy when Spiderman came along at the parade in the Universal Studio.

—Of course they were. You know, Spiderman was always those boys' favourite.

A. made a speech B. disappeared C. showed up

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：当蜘蛛侠在环球工作室的游戏队伍中出现时，男孩们都疯狂了。——当然他们会疯狂。你知道，蜘蛛侠总是那些男孩的最爱。根据语境可知男孩疯狂是因为蜘蛛侠出现，A. 演讲，B. 消失，C. 出现，根据语境故选C。

【点评】考查动词短语。根据句意找出近义词，牢记这些短语动词。

29．– Jenny, the teacher will ________ your mobile phone if you use it in class.

– Sorry, I won't do that again.

A. take out B. take away C. take off

【答案】B

【解析】【分析】A. take out取出，去掉，出发，B. take away带走，拿走，取走，C. take off起飞，脱下，离开。句意：Jenny，如果你在教室使用手机，老师将会把它拿走。故选B。

【点评】考查动词短语的用法。

30．—What good news! Eric will be a delegate of MUN and will set off for New York next Monday.

—Yes, he made it as last. I'm sure his cultural exchange will be educational

A. leave for B. be away from C. go on a trip to

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：——多好的新闻！Eric将会是代理联合国的代表，下星期一动身去纽约。——是的，他最后成功了。我确信他的文化交流会有教育意义。set off for: 动身去，相当于leave for, 故选A。

【点评】考查动词短语。根据语境判断出划线词的意义，选出意义相同的选项，确保替代后句子通顺，意思不变。

31．— Can I ______ a few minutes of yours to talk about how to deal with the old books?

— Sure.

A. set up B. open up C. take

up D. put up

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：——我能占用你几分钟的时间谈谈如何处理旧问题吗？——当然可以。A创立，B开通，C占据，D建造，根据 a few minutes，可知是占用时间，故选C。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析，注意根据 a few minutes 的语境选择合适的用法。

32．The writer's new book will ______ next month.

A. come in B. come on C. come

out D. come into

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：这个作家的新书将于下月出版。A. come in进来；B. come on快点，加油；C. come out出来，出现，出版；D. come into进入。根据“新书”可知是将要“出版”了；故答案为C。

【点评】考查动词短语。熟记短语的意义和用法。

33．— Did you have fun camping on that hill?

— Actually not. It's not easy to find a suitable place to _______ our tents.

A. give up B. put up C. turn

up D. stay up

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：——你在山上野营玩得开心吗？ ——实际上不是。找一个合适的地方搭帐篷是不容易的。A. give up放弃；B. put up张贴; 举起，建造；C. turn up出现; 翻起; 开大；D. stay up熬夜。搭帐篷用put up tents表示。结合句意，故答案为B。

【点评】考查短语动词。掌握短语的意义和用法。

34．—Hey, Tom. ______ the waste paper and throw it into the bin. You can't throw it here.

—Sorry.

A. Take up B. Pick up C. Make up

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：--- 你好，Tom。请捡起废纸，把它扔进垃圾桶。你不能把它扔在这儿。--- 对不起。根据句意，结合短语区别：take up,占用时间，空间；pick up，捡起；make up，化妆，组成。故答案为：B.

35．I'll go to visit your uncle as soon as I Beijing.

A. get to B. will get to C. got to

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：我一到北京就去看望你的叔叔。主句是一般将来时，as soon as引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时。故选A。

【点评】此题考查一般将来时的用法，注意记忆 as soon as 引导的时间状语从句一般现在时表将来和固定词组的用法。

36．A wolf has become the mascot（吉祥物） of the World Cup 2018 that ________ in Russia.

A.took place

B.held

C.will take place

D.will hold

【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意：将在俄罗斯举行的2018世界杯的吉祥物是一只狼。took place发生，举行，是过去式；held举行，过去式；will take place将要举行；will hold将要举行。根据句中的时间2018可知，这里是将来的事情，应用一般将来时态，故先排除A和B。that引导的定语从句，先行词是the World Cup 2018与动词hold构成被动关系，应用被动语态，故D不对；take place不能用于被动语态，故答案为C。

【点评】此题考查的被动语态和动词辨析，平时注意区分动词短语的意义和用法。注意动词的时态和语态的用法。

37．Jack is dishonest. He always some excuses for doing something wrong.

A. makes up B. sets up C. takes

up D. picks up

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：Jack不诚实，他总是编造一些理由为他做的错事。make up 编造；set up建立；take up拿起，从事，占据；pick up拾起，捡起，接某人。根据句意Jack is dishonest可知应选A。

38．—How can we help the children in the mountain village?

—We can ____ leaflets to ask people to donate money.

A. give in B. give off C. give

up D. give out

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意：—我们如何能帮助山村里的孩子？—我们可以散发传单号召人们捐款。give in屈服; 投降; 让步；give off发出; 放出; 散发出; 放射出; give up放弃；give out分发; 公布。所以选D

39．—What are you doing, Uncle Wang?

—I am choosing some clothes and I'll _______ to kids in West China.

A. give them up off D. give them in

B. give them away C. give them

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】考查短语辨析。give up意为“放弃”；give away意为“赠送”；give off意为“放出”；give in意为“呈交”。答语句意：我在挑选一些衣服准备送给中国西部地区的孩子们。故选B。

40．—Mum, I think I need a bigger room.

—You should throw away your old toys. They have _______ too much space.

A. taken up B. taken place C. taken off

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：——妈妈，我认为我需要一个更大的房间。——你应该扔掉你的旧玩具。它们已经占据了太多的空间。A. 占据，B. 发生，C. 脱掉，起飞，根据 throw away your old toys可知要扔掉旧玩具，是因为旧玩具占了太多空间，故选A。

【点评】考查动词短语。根据语境选出合适的选项，熟记短语，并能熟练运用。