1.It’s time for sth. 该到做某事的时间 了. It’s time to do sth.(It’s time for sb. to do sth) 该到(某人)做某事的时间了. 2. can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待地要 求做某事. 3. ask (tell)sb. (not )to do sth . 请(告 诉)某人(不)做某事. 4. make/let sb. to do sth. 让某人做某 事. 5. hear/see/sb. do sth 听见/看见某人 做某事. 6. had better(not )do sth 最好不做某 事. 7. It’s better to do sth最好做某事 8. It’s best to do sth最好做某事 9. enjoy 喜欢做某事 10. finish 结束做某事 11. keep 继续做某事 12. keep on doing sth. 继续做某事 13. carry on 继续做某事 14. go on 继续做某事 15. feel like 喜欢做某事 16. stop to do sth 与stop doing sth 停下来去做某事(与)停止做某事. 17. forget/remember to do 与 forget/remember doing sth.忘记/记 得去做某事(与) 忘记/记得曾经做过事. 18. keep(precent,stop)sb. from doing sth阻止/防止/阻栏栽人做某事 19. prefer….to ……喜欢…..胜过…… 20. prefer to do sth. rather than do ath.宁愿做某事,而不原做某事. 21. used to do sth.过去常常做某事. 22. What’s wong with……? …..出了问 题(事)? 23. have nothing to do with….. 与….. 无关 24. be busy doing sth . 在忙于做某事 25. too…..to….. 太……以致知于不…… 26. so ……that ….. 如此….. 以致知于 不…… 27. such…..that…… 如此….. 以致知于 不…… 28. It take sb. some time to do sth . 某人做某事用了一些时间. 29. spend …..on sth.(doing sth.)花 钱/时间做某事. 30. pay…..for sth.花费(钱)买某物. 31. What /how about……? …….怎么 样(好吗)? 32. would like to do sth .想要/愿意做 某事.. 33. I don’t think that我认为……不….. 34. Why not do sth.? Why don’t you do sth .?为什么不做某事呢? 35. What do you mean by….?你….是 什么意思? 36. What do you think of …..(How do you like ….)你认为….怎么样? 37. Mike enjoys collecting stamps . So do I.迈克喜欢集邮.我也也喜欢. 38. The more, the better . 越多越剧 好. 39. Thanks for doing sth.谢谢你做了 某事. 40. It is said that….. 据说…… 41 be good for 对什么有好处 eg : Reading aloud is good for your English 42 be happy to do 很高兴做某事 43 be helpful to sb 对某人有好处 eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大声朗读对你有好处 Exercising is helpful to your bady 锻 炼对你的身体有好处 44 be in good health 身体健康 45 be in trouble 处于困难中 eg : She is in trouble They are in tronble 46 be interested in 对某方面感兴趣 47 be late for = come late to 迟到 eg: Be late for class 上课迟到 48 be like 像…… eg : I'm like my mother 49 be mad at 生某人的气 50 be made from 由……制成(制成以 后看不见原材料) 51 be made of 由……制成(制成以后 还看得见原材料) 52 be not sure 表不确定 53 be on a visit to 参观 54 be popular with sb 受某人欢迎 55 be quiet 安静 56 be short for 表**的缩写 eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊杰 57 be sick in bed 生病在床 58 be sorry to do sth be sorry for sb eg : I am sorry for you 59 be sorry to hear that 60 be sorry to trouble sb eg : I am sorry to trouble you 61 be strict in doing sth 严于做某事 eg : He's strict in obeying noles 62 be strict with sb 对某人要求严格 eg: Some students are not strict with them selves 这些学生对自己不 严格 63 be strict with sb in sth 某方面对 某人严格 64 be supposed to do 被要求干什么 65 be sure 表确定 66 be sure of doing sth 对做某事有 信心 eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning English well 67 be sure of sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm sure of my head (my teacher 我 相信我的大脑（老师） 68 be sure that sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test 我相信他能通过考试 69 be sure to do sth 一定会做某事 eg: We are sure to pass the test 我们 一定会通过这次考试 We are sure to learn English well 我们一定能学好英 语 70 be terrified of + 名/动doing 害 怕…… 71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事 72 be the same as … 和什么一样 73 be used to doing sth 习惯做某事 eg: My father is used to getting up early 我爸爸习惯早起 He is used to sleeping in class 他习惯上课睡觉 He is used to working hard He is used to hard work 他习惯努力工作 74
be worth doing 值得做什么 75 be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某 事 be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid that 丛句 76 because+句子 because of +短语 eg : He was late because he had a headache He was late because of his headache 77 begin to do = start to do 开始做 某事 start…with…=begin…with… 以 什么开始什么82 by the end of 到……为止 83 call sb sth eg : We call him old wang 84 care 关心 eg : Don't you care about this country's future ?你为什 么不关心国家的未来 85 catch up with sb 赶上某人 86 chat with sb 和某人闲谈 take sb to + 地点 带某人去某地 87 come in 进来 88 come over to 过来 89 come up with 提出 eg: Can you come up with a good idea 你能想出 一个好办法吗？ 90 communicate with sb 和某人交流 91 consider + doing 考虑做什么 eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou 为什么不考虑去泸州？ 92 dance to 随着……跳舞 eg : She likes dancing to the music 她喜欢随 着音乐跳舞 93 decide to do sth 决定做某事 94 do a survey of 做某方面的调查 95 do better in 在……方面做得更好 96 do wrong 做错 97 Don't forget to do sth 不要忘了做 某事 98 Don't mind +doing /从句 /名词 不 要介意…… 99 each +名（单）每一个…… eg : Each student has many books 每一 个学生都有一些书 100 end up +doing 101 enjoy +doing 喜欢 102 escape from 从……逃跑 eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison 犯人从监狱里逃跑出 来 Some gas is escaping from the pipe 有一些气体从管子里冒出 103 expect to do sth 期待做某事 104 fall down 摔下来 fall off 从哪摔 下来 105 fall in love with sb /sth 爱上什么 106 far from 离某地远 eg : The school is far from my home 107 find +it +adj +to do 发现做某事 怎么样 108 find sb/sth +adj 发现什么怎么 样？ eg : I find the book interesting 109 finish 完成+doing（名词） 110 fit to sb = be fit for sb 适合某人 111 forget to do 没有做而忘了 forget doing 做了而又忘了 eg: Don't forget to go home I forget closing door 112 from…to… 从某某到某某 eg: From me for her 113 get /have sth down 做完，被 （别人）做…… eg: I have my hair cut 我理了发(头发 被剪了） Tom got his bad tooth pulled out 汤 母把他的坏牙拔掉了（被牙医拔掉 了） 114 get a part-time job = find a part-time job 115 get along well with sb = get on well with sb 与某人相处得好 116 get along with sb = get on with sb 与某人相处 117 get ready for = be ready for 为 什么而准备 eg : I get ready for math I am ready for math 118 get sb in to trouble 给某人麻烦 119 get sb to do sth 120 get…from… 从某处得到某物 121 give a talk 做报告 eg: He is give a tall 122 give sth to sb give sb sth 给某人 某物 123 go fish 钓鱼 go swimming 游泳 124 go on to do 去做下一件事 go on doing 继续做这件事 125 go out away from go out of 126 go to school 上学（用于专业 的） go to the school 去学校（不一 定是上学） 127 good way to 好方法 128 hate to do 讨厌没做过的事 hate doing 讨厌做过的事 129 have a party for sb 举办谁的晚 会 130 have a talk 听报告 谈一谈 131 have been doing 现在完成进行 时 eg : You have been talking You have been sleeping since 132 have been to …( 地方）……去过 某过地方 have gone to …（地方） 去 了某地还没回来 133 have fun +doing 玩得高兴 134 have sth to do 有什么事要做 eg: I have a lot of homework to do 我有很多家庭作业要做 I have nothing to do 我没什么事情做 135 have to do sth 必须做某事 136 have trouble (problem) (in) doing sth 做什么事情有麻烦 137 have…time +doing 138 have…(时间)…off 放……假 eg: I have month off 我请一个月得假 139 hear sb +do/doing 听见某人做某 事/正在做某事 140 help a lot 很大用处 141 help sb with sth one's sth 帮助 某人某事（某方面） help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事 142 hope to do sth 希望做某事 143 How about(+doing) = What about(+doing) 144 how do you like = what do you think of 你对什么的看法 145 if : 是否＝wether eg: I don't know if (wether) I should go to the party 我不知道我是否应该 去参加晚会 He don't know if (wether) we will arrive on time tomorrow morning 他 不知道我们明天早上是否能准时到达 146 if :如果eg: I'll go to LuZhou
if it does't rain 假如明天不下雨，我就去泸州 If they change the plan they will let me know 假如他们要改变计划，他们 会让我知道的 I'll go to England ,if I have enough money next year 如果我明年由足够 的钱，我就要去英国 147 in one's opinion = sb think 某人 认为 148 in some ways 在某些方面 149 in the end = finally(adv) 最后 150 in the north of… 什么在什么的北 方 （north 北 sowth 南 west 西 east 东 ）
2、 形容词比较等级的形式 （1） 规则形式 一般说来，单音节词及少数双音 节词在后加-er; --est 来构成比较级和 最高级；其他双音节词及多音节词在 前加more, most.如： great-greater-greatest busy-busier-busiest important-more important-(the)most important （2） 不规则形
式 good (well)-better-best bad (ill)-worse-worst many (much)-more-most little-less-least
（1） at, on, in（表时间） 表示时间点用at,如at four o'clock, at midnight等；表示不确定 的时间或短期假日也用at,如at that time, at Christmas等。 指某天用on, 如on Monday, on the end of November, 指某天的朝夕 用on,如
on Friday morning, on the afternoon of September lst等。 指长于或短于一天的时段用in,如 in the afternoon, in February, in Summer, in 1999等。 （2） between, among（表位 置） between仅用于二者之间，但说 三者或三者以上中的每两个之间的相 互关系时，也用
between, 如 I'm sitting between Tom and Alice. The village lies between three hills. among用于三者或三者以上之 间。如： He is the best among the students.
（3） beside, besides beside意为\"在…旁边\"，而 besides意为\"除…之外\"。如： He sat beside me. What do you want besides this?
（4）in the tree, on the tree in the tree 指动物或人在树上， 而on the tree 指果实、树叶长在树上
（5）on the way, in the way, by the way, in this way on the way 指在路上 in the way 指挡道 by the way 指顺便问一句 in this way 用这样的方法 （6）in the corner, at the corner in the corner 指在拐角内 at the corner 指在拐角外
（7）in the morning, on the morning in the morning 是一般说法 on the morning 特指某一天的早晨
（8）by bus, on the bus by bus 是一般说法 on the bus 特指乘某一辆车 2、 常用连词举例
(1)and 和，并且 They drank and sang all night.
(2) both…and 和， 既…也… Both my parents and I went there. (3) but 但是，而 I'm sad, but he is happy.
(4) either…or 或…或…， 要么… 要么… Either you're wrong, or I am. (5) for因
为 I asked him to stay, for I had something to tell him. (6) however 然而，可
是 Af first, he didn't want to go there. Later, however, he decided to go.
(7) neither…nor 既不…也
不 Neither my parents nor my aunt agrees with you. (8) not only…but(also) 不但…
而 且… He not only sings well, but also dances well. (9) or 或者，否
则 Hurry up, or you'll be late. Are you a worker or a doctor? (10) so 因此，所以 It's getting late, so I must go
(11) although 虽然 Although it was late, they went on working. (12) as soon as 一 …就 I'll tell him as soon as I see him. (13) because 因为 He didn't go to school, because he was ill. （14）unless 除非，如果不 I won't go unless it is fine tomorrow. （15）until 直到… He didn't leave until eleven. (瞬 间动词用于not… until 结构) He stayed there until eleven. （16）while 当…时候，而 (表示 对
比) While I stayed there, I met a friend of mine. (while后不可用瞬间 动词) My pen is red while his is blue.
（17）for 因为 He was ill, for he didn't come. (结论是推断出来的) （18）since自从… I have lived here since my uncle left. （19）
hardly… when 一… 就 I had hardly got to the station when the train left.
（20）as far as 就… 来
说 As far as I know, that country is very small. You may walk as far as the lake. (一直走到湖那里)
1、 一般现在时 （1） 表示经常发生的动作或现在 存在的状态，常与sometimes, always, often, every day等时间状语 连用。如： Sometimes, we go swimming after school.
（2） 表示客观真理、科学事实 等。如： The earth goes round the sun. 2、 现在进行时 (1) 表示说话时或现阶段正在进行的 动作，常与now, at present等时间状 语连用。如： What are you doing now?
(2) 和always, continually等连用， 表一种经常反复的动作，常含有某种 情感。如： He is always doing good deeds.
3、 现在完成时 主要表示动作发生在过去，对现在 仍有影响，或动作一直延续到现在， 或可能还要继续下去，常与just, already, so far, once, never 等词连 用。如: Have you ever been to Beijing?
4、一般将来时 表示将来某一时间要发生的动作或 存在的状态，常与tomorrow, next year等连用。
如： I'll meet you at the school gate tomorrow morning. We're going to see a film next Monday.
5、一般过去时 表示在过去某一时间或某一阶段内 发生的动作或存在的状态，常与 yesterday, last year, in 1998, a moment ago等词连用。如： It happened many years ago.
6、过去进行时 表示过去某一时刻或某一时期正在 发生的动作。如： What were you doing this time yesterday
7、 过去完成时 表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已 经发生或完成了的动作。
如： The train had already left before we arrived. ８、一般过去将来时 表示说话人从过去的角度来看将来 发生的动作。如： He said he would come, but he didn't.
（7）辨析 give away(让给，暴露) 和 give up（放弃，停止） put away（放起，收起） 和 put out （扑灭） turn up（出席，放大） 和 turn on （打开） keep out（阻止） 和 keep off （不 让靠近） make up（编造，补上） 和 make out（辨认） take off（脱，起飞） 和 take out（拿出）
一、冠词基本用法 【速记口诀】 名词是秃子，常要戴帽子， 可数名词单，须用a或an， 辅音前用a， an在元音前， 若为特指时，则须用定冠， 复数不可数，泛指the不见， 碰到代词时，冠词均不现。 【妙语诠释】 冠词是中考必考的 语法知识之一，也是中考考查的主要 对象。以上口诀包括的意思有：①名 词在一般情况下不单用，常常要和冠 词连用；②表示不确指的可数名词单 数前要用不定冠词a或an，确指时要 用定冠词the；③如复数名词表示泛 指，名词前有this，these，my， some等时就不用冠词。
二、名词单数变复数规则 【速记口诀】 单数变复数，规则要记住， 一般加s，特殊有几处： /s/结尾，es不离后， 末尾字母o，大多加s， 两人有两菜，es不离口， 词尾f、fe，s前有v和e； 没有规则词，必须单独记。 【妙语诠释】 ①大部分单数可数 名词变为复数要加s，但如果单词以/t?蘩/、/?蘩/、/s/发音结尾（也就是单 词如果以ch，sh，s，x等结尾），则 一般加es；②以o结尾的单词除了两人 （negro，hero）两菜（tomato， potato）加es外，其余一般加s；③以 f或fe结尾的单词一般是把f，fe变为ve 再加s；④英语中还有些单词没有规 则，需要特殊记忆，如child—children，mouse—mice，deer—deer，sheep—sheep，Chinese—Chinese，ox—oxen，man—men， woman—women，foot—feet， tooth—teeth。
三、名词所有格用法 【速记口诀】 名词所有格，表物是“谁的”， 若为生命词，加“’s”即可行， 词尾有s，仅把逗号择； 并列名词后，各自和共有， 前者分别加，后者最后加； 若为无命词，of所有格， 前后须倒置，此是硬规则。 【妙语诠释】 ①有生命的名词所 有格一般加s，但如果名词以s结尾， 则只加“’”；②并列名词所有格表示各 自所有时，分别加“’s”，如果是共有， 则只在最后名词加“’s”；③如果是无生 命的名词则用of表示所有格，这里需 要注意它们的顺序与汉语不同，A of B要翻译为B的A。 四、接不定式作宾语的动词 【速记口诀】 三个希望两答应，两个要求莫拒 绝； 设法学会做决定，不要假装在选 择。 【妙语诠释】 三个希望两答应： hope，wish，want，agree， promise 两个要求莫拒绝：demand， ask，refuse 设法学会做决定：manage， learn，decide 不要假装在选择：petend， choose
五、接动名词作宾语的动词 【速记口诀】 Mrs. P Black missed a beef bag. （Ｐ•布莱克夫人丢了一个牛肉袋。） 【妙语诠释】 该句话中每个字母 代表了一个动词或短语，这些动词要 求后面跟动名词作宾语。这些动词分 别
是： M=mind， r=risk， s=succeed in，P=practice，B=be busy， l=look forward to，a=admit，c=can’t help， k=keep on， m=miss， i=insist on，s=suggest，s=stop， e=enjoy，d=delay， a=avoid，b=be worth， a=advise，g=give up。 六、不定式作宾语补足语时省to的动 词 【速记口诀】 一感，二听，三让，四看，半帮 助 【妙语诠释】 一感：feel；二 听：hear，listen to；三让：make， let，have；四看：see，notice， watch，ob-serve；半帮助：help。
七、形容词和副词比较等级用法 【速记口诀】 1. 比较级与最高级：两者比较 than相连，三者比较the在前。 2．同级比较：同级比较用原 形，as…as永不离；as…as加not，只 言
两者是同一，若是not so…as，后强 前弱不看齐。 【妙语诠释】 ①比较级通常和 than连用，而最高级通常跟有定冠词 the；②同级比较一般用as…as表 示“与…一样”，这时谁强谁弱不能比较 出来，而not so…as则表示后者比前者 强，翻译为“不如……”。八、反意疑问句用法 【速记口诀】 反意问句三要点，前后谓语正相 反； 短句not如出现，必须缩写是习 惯； 最后一点应注意，短句主语代词 填。 【妙语诠释】 ①反意疑问句的构 成应该是“肯定的陈述句+否定的疑 问”或“否定的陈述句+肯定的疑问”； ②在短句中not必须与do，will，can 等组成缩写形式；③在简短问句中， 疑问句的主语必须是代词，而不能用 名词形式。
九、感叹句用法 【速记口诀】 感叹句，并不难，what、how放 句前； 强调名词用what，其余用how很 简单。 【妙语诠释】 由what引导的感 叹句一般修饰名词，而how引导的感 叹句一般修饰形容词、副词或句子。 情态动词与助动词
助动词本身无意义，在句中帮助主要 动词构成一定的时态，语态、语气， 或是帮助构成否定句和疑问句，常用 的助动词有be, do, have, shall(should), will(would). 情态动词表一定的词义，本身并不 表示动作或状态，而仅仅表达说话人 的态度，它在句中须和主要动词一起 构成谓语，主要的情态动词
有 can(could), may (might), must, have to, ought to, need, dare, shall, should, will, would.
1、can 能，可以，表说话人同意， 许可还可表客观条件许可，如:You can go now. 提建议或请求时可用can I, can you 表客气，如Can I buy you a drink?
can和be able to表能力时的区别。 can表一般具有的能力，be able to 表在特定条件下的能力，
如:Although the driver was badly hurt, he was able to explain what had happened.
2、may （1）、可以，表说话人同意，许可 或请求对方许可。You may go. （2）、（现在和将来）可能，也 许，只用于肯定句和否定句中，如He may not be right. 3、must, have to must表主观上的必须，have to表客 观上的必须，
如:It's getting late. I have to go. -Must I go now. -Yes, you must. (No, you needn't./ No, you don't have to.)
4、need, dare这二词有实意动词和 情态动词两种词性，如用作实意动词 后接动词不定式to do，如用作情态动 词后接动词原形。
Need I go now? --Yes, you must./No, you needn't.)
5、shall用于第一人称疑问句中表说 话人征求对方的意见或向对方请求， 如，
Shall we begin our lesson? 用于二、三人称陈述句，表说话人 命令、警告、允诺、威胁等口吻，如: You shall fail if you don't work harder. 6、should表应该，意为有责任，有 义务。
如:We should try our best to make our country more beautiful. 7、will表有做某事的意志、意愿、 安心、打算，
如 \"Will you lend me your book?\" \"Yes, I will.\"，
8、should have done表应该做而未 做 must have done表对过去事实的肯 定推测 could have done表本可以做某事
9、判断句：肯定句用must, 否定句 用can't, 不太肯定用
may, might He must be in the office now. He must have gone to bed, f
or the light is out. He can't be in the office. He is at home. He couldn't have cleaned the classroom, because he didn't come here today. He might be in the office, I am not sure. He might have cleaned the room, I suppose.
4.arrive at/in + n.到达get to +n.到达 reach + n.到达 5.get…back取回 give back=return归 还 come back回来 at the back of在… 的后面 on the way (back)home在回 家路上 6. at least至少at breakfast早餐时at desk在桌前at once立刻,马上at school在上学at the same time同时at work在工作be good at=do well in 善 长laugh at嘲笑not…at all一点也不at first起初at night在晚上at noon
中 午.at the age of= when sb was… years old 在…岁时at last =in the end= finally最终
at the beginning of the twenty-first century在21世纪初at the end of 在…终点、结尾at the moment =at present=now现在at the foot of在…脚下at any moment任何 时候at times=sometimes有时at the doctor’s在医务室 knock at敲门 7.for example例如for ever永远be good for对…有益be bad for对…有害 for long=for a long time长期for short 简称
be short for是…的简称 8. come true实现come down下来 come from=be from来自come in/into进入come on赶快/加油come over过来come along走吧come and go来来去去come up上来come out出 来，
be proud of =take pride in自豪speak highly of 称赞be afraid/terrified of害 怕hear of听说(hear from sb.收到某 人的来信)of cause=certainly=sure当 然plenty of= a lot of=lots of许多a number of+c.n 许多 amount of+u.n 许多 11.by the way顺便说by oneself单独, 独自by the end of到…为止by the time(引起时间状语从句)到…的时候 one by one依次
not only…but also(就近原则) 16.keep doing sth.一直做某事keep on doing sth继续做某事go on doing sth.继续做某事(同一件事) go on to do sth.接着做某事(另一事)
connect…to把…与… 连接起来
think of 认为、 想起、考虑、想到 think over仔细考 虑 think out想出)talk about谈论 worry about担心How / What about…?怎么样?
21. look for 寻找look after=take care of照看look like看起来像 look over检 查身体look out=be careful小心,从里 向外看 look the same看起来一样 look up向上看,查单词 look around环 视look forward to期望
look through 仔细查看，看穿look down向下看look at看 look down upon看不起 28.be famous for以..著名 be excited about对…感到兴
奋 be interested in 对…感兴趣 be born出生 be busy with /doing sth.忙于… be amazed at 对..感到惊讶 29.move away移开 move to(搬) 移到move about 到处活动be moveed by 被…感动feel moved to 觉 得想…
34.want sb to do sth想让某人做 某事encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某 人做某事allow sb. to do sth.允许某人 做某事expect/wish sb to do sth期望 某人做某事promise sb to do sth答应 某人做某事permit sb to do sth允许 某人做某事 35.hear sb. to do (doing)sth.听 见某人做某事
（sb be heard to do sth） 36.help sb (to) do /with sth帮助某 人做某
事 with one’s help在某人的帮 助下
41. take photos / pictures 照像 take away拿走 take out取出 (work out算出) take care当心 take medicine 服药 take one’s temperature量体温 take one’s time 别着急 take a walk散步 take place
发 生 42. learn by oneself / teach oneself自学 learn by heart背熟learn from向某人学习
59. the number of…的数量 a (large / good) number of = many + c.n许多 60.less than少于 , less and less 越来越
少 61.…is another way of saying…什么 是..的另一说法 in other words换而 言之 62. not…until直到…才（主将从现+短 暂性动词）till（主将从现+延续性动 词） 63.be like像 feel like doing想要like best=favorite最喜欢 would like to=want to 67.more or less = about或多或 少,大约more than = over多于,超过 68.every year每年 every four years每隔四年 every other day每隔 一天 everyday English / life日常英语 69. next to紧挨着next door=neighbor隔壁,邻居 next year明 年 next time下
次 70.receive / get / have a letter from sb. = hear from sb 收到某人的 来信 71.on show = on display展览 72.be filled with / be full of充满…
75. keep / stop / prevent sb (from) doing sth.防止(阻止)…做某事 stop to do sth.停下来去做某事 stop doing sth.停止做某
事 76.nice and +adj. = very +adj.很, 非常 77. a place of interest 名胜 (places of interest) 78.three quarters of the information四分之三的信息 two thirds三分之二
see sb do / doing sth. (sb be seen to do)看见某人做某事 87 some…others一些(人,物)…其 他(人,物) one…another一个..另一个 (三者或以
上 ) one…the other一个… 另一个(总数二个) 88. be worn out穿旧，磨坏 check out核实，检查 write out写出 take sth out of从…拿出/取出某物put out熄灭out of style过时 89. in this way用这种方法in space在太空 in and out of class在课 内课外 in the last fifteen minutes在 最后十五分钟里 in the way挡道的 90.give sb. an injection给某人打针 91.have been to去过某地 have gone to到某地去了 94. one of + adj.最高级+名词复 数
95.take +某物+with +某人 (You’d better take an umbrella with you.你 最好带上伞) take sth to heart对某事耿耿于怀take care=be careful小心take care of =look after 照顾take place发生take sth back收回take sth off带走
96. prefer to= like…better than宁愿, 更喜
欢 prefer + V-ing /to do sth Would / should等情态动词 + prefer +to do 例：
I would prefer to do it myself. prefer doing to doing例：
I prefer learning English to playing football. prefer to do rather than do例：I prefer to walk there rather than go by bus. prefer + 名词(代词) to do sth. 例： We prefer her not to come. 97.四个“花” 1.sb spend +time (money) +(in) doing sth /on +名
词 eg:I spent over two hours (in) finishing my homework. 2.sb+ pay + money +for +sth. eg:He paid ten yuan for the book . 3.It + takes + sb. + time (money) + to do sth. eg:It’ll take you only ten minutes to get there by bus. 4.sth+ cost + (sb.) + money eg:The dictionary cost me 20 yuan
101.sb need to do sth某人需要做
某 事 sb needn’t do sth=sb don’t have to do sth没必要做某
事 sth need doing某物需要做 102. “be used for+ 名词(v-ing),”被用 来做.. (A writing brush is used for writing.) “be used as+名词”, 被作为… 使
用 (English is used as the first language in none of these countries. ) “be used by+动作执行者” 被…使用 103.be made of 由…制造(看得出原 料)be made from由…制成（看不出原 料）be made in+地点“某地制造” be made by+人“由谁制造的”
106. so 和 such 的用法 1.so + 形/副+that 从
句 eg:The place is so cold that nothing can grow in winter . 2.so + many / few+ 复数名词 +that
从 句 eg:He has so many books that I don’t know which one to borrow. 3. so + much / little+ 不可数名词 +that从
句 eg:She has so little money that she can’t buy anything . 4. so+ 形容词 +a / an +单数名词 +that从
句 eg:This is so good a book that all of us like reading it 5. such +a / an+ 形容词+单数名词+ that从
句 eg:This is such an interesting story that all of us like it. 6.such +形容词+名词复数+that从
句. eg: It is such fine weather today that many children are playing outside 107.tell sb about sth.告诉某人关于某 事 tell sb+从
句, tell sb. to do sth.让 某人做某事 tell a lie说谎 tell the truth说实话 tell a story讲故事
7. as/ when/ while (1)as 是连词，意思是\"当……的时候， 一面……一面\"，（强调同时，一般连 续时间不长），如： As we were talking about Titanic, our teacher came in. 正当我们谈论\"泰坦尼克号\"这部电影 时，教师进来了。 The students sing as they go along. 学生们边走边唱。 (2)When和as一样都是连词，注意它 们的不同。如when\"当……的时 候\"（一般表示动作紧接着发生）； \"那时\"（等立连词，前有逗号分开） I stayed till sunset, when it began to rain. 我一直呆到太阳下山，那时天开 始下雨了。 (3)while是\"当……时候；和……同 时\"（强调同时发生，一般连续时间较 长） While I was watching TV, he was reading. 当我在看电视的时候，他正 在看书。 While there is life, there is hope. 有 生命就有希望。 5. be made of/ be made from/ be made in/ be made into (1) be made of表示\"由…制成\一般 指能够看出原材料，或发生的是物理 变化。 This table cloth is made of paper.这 张桌布是由纸做的。 This salad is made of apples and strawberries.这种沙拉是由苹果和草 莓做的。 (2) be made from也表示\"由…制成\"， 但一般指看不出原材料，或发生的是 化学变化。 Bread is made from corn.面包是小麦 做的。 The lifeboat is made from some special material.这个救生
艇是由某种 特殊材料制成的。 (3) be made in指的是产地，意思 为\"于…制造\"。 The caps are made in Russia.这些帽 子产于俄罗斯。 My mother likes to buy things which are made in China. 我妈妈喜欢买中国产的东西。 (4) be made into的意思为\"被制成 为…\"。 This piece of wood will be made into a small bench. 这块木头将要被制成 一个小凳。 The paper has been made into clothes for the doll. 纸被做成了洋娃 娃的衣服。
7. forget to do/ forget doing (1) forget to do是指忘记去做某件事 了，即该事还没有做。 Please don’t forget to call this afternoon.今天下午不要忘了给我打 电话。 I forgot to take some small change with me.我身上忘了带零钱了。 (2) forget doing是指忘记某件已经做 过的事情，即该事已经做了，但被忘 记了。 He forgot telling me his address.他 忘了告诉过我地址了。 They forgot having been here before.他们忘了以前曾来过这儿。 8. stop doing/ stop to do (1) stop doing是指停止做某事，即 doing这个动作不再继续。 They stopped debating.他们停止了辩 论。（不辩论了） He had to stop driving as the traffic lights changed in to red. 由于交通灯 变成了红色，他不得不停车。 (2) stop to do是指停下来开始做另一 件事，即停止原先的事，开始做do这 个动作。 She stopped to have a rest.她停下来 休息会儿。（开始休息） They stopped to talk.他们停下来开始 交谈。
15. cost/ spend/ pay/ take (1) cost一般用某物来做主语，表 示“（某物）值…、花费…”，既能指花 费时 间也能指金钱。 The new bike costs me 300 yuan.这 辆新自行车花了我三百元。 It will cost you a whole to read through this book.通读这本书将会花 费你整整 一周时间。 cost 还可以用作名词，表示“成本、费 用、价格、代价”等。 What’s the cost of this TV set? 这台 电视机的成本是多少钱？ They succeeded at the cost of hard work.他们辛苦地工作换来的成功。 (2) spend一般用某人来作主语，表 示“（某人）花费…，付出…”，也能指 时间或金钱，指时间时常与 in搭 配，指金钱时常与on或for搭配。 We spent two days in repairing this machine.我们花了两天时间修理这台 机器。 Mr. Lee spends $20 on books every month.李先生每月花二十美元在书 上。 (3) pay用作动词时，一般也以某人作 主语，但一般指花钱、付款等，很少 用来指花费时间。常与for搭配使用。 They paid 70 yuan for the tickets.他 们花了七十元买票。 He was too poor to pay for his schooling.他穷得交不起学费。 pay还可以用作名词，意思为“薪水、 工资”等。 It’s hard for me to live with such low pay.我很难靠这么低的薪水生活下 去。 (4)take也指“花费(时间、金钱)”，但通 常用某事、某物做主语，或用形式主 语it. How long will the meeting take? 会 议要开多久？ It took me several hours to get there. 我花了几个小时才到那儿。 4. many/ much/ a few/ a little/ few/little (1)many修饰可数名词，much修饰不 可数名词；都表示许多。例如： He has many books.他有许多书。 He drank much milk.他喝了许多牛 奶。 (2)a few和a little都表示\"有一点儿\"， 侧重于肯定，相当于\"some\"，但a few修 饰可数名词，a little修饰不可数名 词，例如： He has a few friends in London.他在 伦敦有一些朋友。 Would you like some coffee? Yes, just a little.喝点咖啡好吗？好的，只 要一点。 (3)few和little表示\"几乎没有\"，侧重否 定。few后接可数名词，little后接不可 数名词。例如： He is a strange man. He has few words.他是个怪人，他几乎不说什么 话。 Hurry up, there is little time left.赶 快，没什么时间了。
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