新外研版八年级上册英语M8知识点梳理和总结(超齐全和整洁)综述

个性化教学辅导教案

学科: 英语 任课教师： 老师 授课时间：2014年 12月 13 日

姓名 阶段 年级： 初二 教学课题 八上M8 单元知识点讲解 课时计划 第（ ）次课 共（ ）次课 基础（ ） 提高（ √ ） 强化（√ ） 知识点：M8重要单词，短语和句型等的应用 方法：讲练法 教学 考点：相关知识的考点和用法 目标 重点 重点：本章单词，词组及句型的灵活运用； 难点 难点：过去进行时态及本章单词，词组及句型的灵活运用； 课前 检查 作业完成情况：优□ 良□ 中□ 差□ 建议__________________________________________ 教 学 内 容 与 教 学 过 程 M8U1 Ⅰ.基本词汇 1. pale adj. ________________ 2. ________________ n. 出现；显露 3. round prep. ________________ 4. ________________ n. 拐角；街角 5. ________________ v. （使）碰撞 6. ________________ adj. 高兴的；欢喜的 7. risk n. ________________ 8. ________________ n. 注意力 9. ________________ n. （物体或形状的）侧面 Ⅱ.基本词组 1. 等待做某事 ________________ 2. cross the road ________________ 3. 及时 ________________ 4. 从……跌落 ________________ 5. 考虑 ________________ 6. 注意；留心 ________________ 7. 并排地；肩并肩地 ________________ Ⅲ.基本句型 1. 我在等待过马路。 I __________ __________ to cross the road. 2. 当灯变红色的时候，一辆汽车突然出现在拐角处。 __________ the lights __________ __________ to red, a car suddenly appeared round the corner. 3. 司机正在打手机。 The driver __________ __________ on his mobile phone. 4. 当你骑自行车的时候，考虑一下事故的风险吧！ __________ you’re on your bike, think about the risk of an accident! 1

Ⅰ.词汇拓展 appear v. 出现，显露。 【知识拓展】appearance n.出现，外貌，外观，外表 appear还可以作系动词，意为“似乎，看起来好像，显得”。 appear + (to be) adj./n. 似乎，好像，显得…… appear to do sth. 似乎做某事 appear to sb. + 从句 在某人看来…… round prep 在附近。 【知识拓展】同义词是around，另外round还有形容词词性，意为“圆的， 圆形的”，a round face一张圆脸 hit v. (使)碰撞。 【知识拓展】hit作为动词还可意为“（用手或器具）击，打” hit sb. in the face(on the back) 打某人耳光（后背） risk n. 危险，风险。 【知识拓展】face/run/take the risk of…… 冒……的危险 at any risk 无论冒什么危险 at risk 处在危险中 重点句型导学 I was waiting to cross the road. 我正在等待过马路 ⑴wait to do sth. 意为“等待做某事”。 【注意】wait也可作不及物动词，意为“等待；等候”，后若跟宾语要用wait for。 如：They are waiting for the bus. 他们正在等公共汽车。 ⑵cross the road意为“过马路”，其中cross是动词，意为“穿过；越过” 【词语辨析】cross与across的区别 cross 是动词，意为“穿过；越过”，同go/walk across。across 是介词，意为“穿过；越过”，强调从表面穿过。 【例】根据句意写出所缺的单词 Be careful to look both ways before you _________ the street. While the lights were changing to red, a car suddenly appeared round the corner. 当灯开始变红色的时候，一辆汽车同然出现在拐角处。 appear是动词，意为“出现；显露” 【知识拓展】disappear是appear的反义词，disappear意为“消失”，其中dis－是否定前缀。以dis－为否定前缀的词有： + agree = disagree 反对 dis + like = dislike 不喜欢 + appear = disappear 消失 + able = disable 使伤残 【例】用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 We couldn’t see the plane. It _________ (appear). Don’t ride side by side with your friends. 不要和你的朋友并排骑车。 本句中的side by side意为“并排地；肩并肩地”。 【知识拓展】常见的符合“名词+介词+名词”结构的短语还有： 手挽手 hand in hand 面对面 face to face

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day by day step by step 一天天地 逐步 课堂检测 从方框中选出合适的词，并用其正确形式填空 pale，appear，corner，glad，hit 1. She was angry and she _______ me on the head with a book. 2. I was very _______ to see Lisa. She was pleased to see me, too. 3. —You look _______. What’s the matter with you? —My mother is ill. I am worried about her. 4. There is a shoe shop round the _______. 5. A stranger_______ at the door of the classroom. He wanted to talk with our teacher. M8U2 Ⅰ.基本词汇 1. _______________ v. 咬；叮 2. _______________ v. 爬；攀登 3. _______________ v. 躲；躲藏 4. _______________ v. 扔；掷 5. _______________ n. 冰箱 6. hurt v. _______________ 7. pain n. _______________ 8. _______________ adj. 更糟的；更坏的 adv. 更糟；更严重 9. _______________ n. 药，药物 Ⅱ.基本词组 1. 爬出来 _______________ 2. 捡起 _______________ 3. 拍一张照片 _______________ 4. begin to do sth. _______________ 5. in pain _______________ Ⅲ.基本句型 1. 一天，当亨利正在一家饭店工作时，一条蛇突然出现并咬到了他的手。 One day, when Henry __________ __________ in a restaurant, a snake suddenly appeared and bit his hand. 2. 当它又咬我的时候，我正试图把它抓起来。 I __________ __________ to pick it up when it bit me again. 3. 当那条蛇躺在桌子上时，亨利迅速抓起他的手机并用它拍了一张照片。 __________ the snake __________ __________ on the table, Henry quickly picked up his mobile phone and took a photo with it. 4. 他们无法帮助他，因为他们不知道是哪一种蛇咬了他。 They couldn’t help him __________ they didn’t know what kind of snake __________ __________. Ⅰ.词汇拓展 bite v. 叮，咬。

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【知识拓展】⑴过去式bit；过去分词bitten；现在分词biting。 ⑵bite也有名词词性，是可数名词，复数加s，意为“咬，咬一 口”，（食物的）一口（之量）。 climb v. 爬；攀爬。 【固定搭配】climb the mountain/hill/tree/wall 爬山/树/墙 go climbing 去爬山 climb up 爬上 throw v. 扔；掷。过去式 threw，过去分词thrown。 【固定搭配】throw sth. at… 朝……扔某物 throw away 扔掉 throw it like that 像那样把它扔出去 throw sth. to sb. 向某人扔某物 hurt v. 感到疼痛。 【词语辨析】wound，injure，hurt wound 一般指外伤，如伤、刀伤、尤指在战争、战斗中受伤。 injure 一般指由于意外或事故而造成损伤。 是一般用语，可以指身体上的伤害，也可以指精神上的伤 害，特指伴有疼痛的肉体上的伤害。 hurt 【例】I had to break up you although I didn’t want to _________ your feelings. A. wound B. injure C. hurt D. lend pain n. 痛，疼痛。 【固定搭配】feel a pain/pains in the head/the chest/the stomach 感觉头/胸/胃痛 【词语辨析】pain，ache 是一般用语，指（人）身体的或精神上的痛都可以，一般用于比ache更 pain 为严重的疼痛。 指（人）身的疼痛，往往用于持续的伤痛，或因一些小病引起的感觉， ache 常常是局部的，另外ache常常可以与表示痛的部位的词连用。如：headache头痛，toothache牙痛，stomachache胃痛。 medicine n. 药，药物 【固定搭配】have/take medicine 服/吃药 【知识拓展】形容词：medical医学的，医疗的 Ⅱ.重点句型导学 As he was lying there in great pain, Henry suddenly remembered the photo. 当他忍着巨大的疼痛躺在那里的时候，亨利突然想起了那张照片。 ⑴本句中的in great pain是固定搭配，意为“巨大的疼痛”，in pain是固定搭配，意为“疼痛”。 ⑵as引导时间状语从句，主语是Henry suddenly remembered the photo，从句是As he was lying there in great pain. 【知识拓展】as还有如下词性和含义： She works as an interpreter in that company. prep. 作为；当作 她在那家公司里担任翻译员。 Do as I do. conj. 如同；按照 像我这样做。

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As it was raining, I stayed at home. conj. 因为；由于 由于下雨我便待在家里。 【例】Mrs.Black doesn’t agree to keep a cat _________ a pet because she hates cats. A. for B. on C. as D. with As soon as they learnt what kind of snake bit him, they gave Henry the right medicine, and he left hospital the next day. 他们一知道哪种蛇咬了他，他们就给亨利开了适合的药，然后第二天他就离开了医院。 本句含有as soon as引导的时间状语，主句是they gave Henry the right medicine…，从句是as soon as they learnt what kind of snake bit him，该从句中的what kind of snake bit him是宾语从句，作动词learnt的宾语。 【注意】as soon as是连词，引导时间状语从句。当主句是一般将来时时，从句要用一般现在时来代替将来时。 【例】—When will your aunt leave for Shanghai? —I don’t know, but I’ll call you as soon as she _________. A. leaves B. will leave C. left 根据汉语翻译句子 1. 我的双腿还痛着呢。 Both my legs are still __________ __________. 2. 我想拍一张树叶的照片。 I want to __________ __________ __________ of tree leaves. 3. 利萨说她能自己完成那件事。 Lisa said that she __________ __________ __________ finish it by herself. 4. 吃点药吧，你很快就会感觉好很多。 __________ __________ __________, and you will feel better soon. 5. 我不知道它是哪种鸟。 I didn’t know __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________. 书面表达 请根据表格提供的信息描述昨晚8点停电时以下四个人的情况，内容可以适当发挥。短文起始部分已给出。 Mr Zheng watch a basketball match; listen to the radio later Alice play the piano; stop to have a rest Tom do some reading; go to bed later Mrs Li in the lift; can’t get out When the light went out at eight o’clock yesterday evening, Mr Zheng was_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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______________________________________________ M8U3 Ⅰ.基本词组 1. 摔倒 ____________________ 2. 和平常一样 ____________________ 3. tell sb. to do sth. ____________________ 4. promise to do sth. ____________________ 5. 起飞 ____________________ 6. 作决定 ____________________ Ⅱ.基本句型 1．当他给我打电话的时候，我正在上课。 I __________ __________ a lesson __________ he called me. 2．我正在街道上散步的时候，我遇到了我的一个老朋友。 I met one of my old friends__________ I __________ __________ on the street. 3．詹尼为什么在跑？ __________ was Jenny running? 4．你们正在做什么？ __________ were you doing? 5．他们正在哪里打牌？ __________ were they playing cards? 重点句型导学 US Airways Flight 19 took off as usual from an airport in New York. 美国19航班像平常一样从纽约的一个机场起飞。 本句中的take off是动词短语，意为“起飞”。它还有“脱掉”之意。 【知识拓展】 take off 起飞（反义词是land“着陆”） 脱掉（反义词是put on“穿上”） 易错易混词汇解析 across，through与over over across through across ⑴across指从表面穿越，可和street，bridge等搭配。 ⑵through指从立体空间穿越，可和forest，city，window等搭配。 ⑶over指越过高的障碍物等。 【例】Don’t drive so fast! We must slow down when we drive ________ the tunnel. A. past B. across C. over D. through 过去进行时—when，while的用法 when，while是引导时间状语从句常见的连词，它们的搭配通常是这样的：

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主句的时态 连词 从句的时态 过去进行时 一般过去时 when 过去进行时 过去进行时 while 一般过去时 过去进行时 while 【注意】1.when表示“当……时候”。when从句中谓语动词既可用延续性动词，又可用非延续性动词，这些动词既可以表示动作，又可以表示状态。 2.while表示“在……的时候；在……期间”。它强调主句的动作与从句的动作同时发生或主句的动作发生在从句的动作过程中。while从句中德谓语动词必须是表示动作或状态的延续性动词。 3.谈论两个同时进行的延续性动作多用while。 【例】I _________ along the road when I saw Peter. So we stopped and had a chat. A. walked B. was walking C. would walk D. had walked 【中考模拟全练】 1.（2013广东）—Who are you waiting _________? —My mother. A. for B. in C. on D. to 2. (2013广东) —What were you doing at 9 pm last night? —I _________ with Tony. A. was watching TV B. watched TV C. were watching TV 3. (2012贵州) It’s impolite to cut in line when you_________ a bus at the bus stop. A. ask for B. look for C. care for D. wait for 4. (2011北京) —What were you doing this time yesterday? —I _________ on the grass and drawing a picture. A. sit B. sat C. am sitting D. was sitting 5. (2010贵州) “Judy, it’s raining so heavily.” “Yes, but the radio says it will be even _________ tomorrow.” A. worse B. bad C. worst 6. (2012宁夏) I _________ housework when my aunt came. A. am doing B. did C. was doing D. have done 7. (2012黄冈) —Sandy, I called you at 9:00 last night, but nobody answered the phone. —I’m sorry. We _________ a birthday party _________ Jerry. A. had，with B. were having，for C. are having，for D. had，for 8. (2012上海) The students _________ the Art Festival when I passed by their school. A. celebrate B. were celebrating C. will celebrate D. have celebrated 9. (2012河北) —Where were you this morning? —I _________ in the supermarket.

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A. will shop B. am shopping C. was shopping D. have shopped 10. (2012广东) Jenny _________ in the kitchen when you called her at 5 o’clock this afternoon. A. is cooking B. was cooking C. cooks D. cooked 11. (2012永州) I _________ TV when my parents came back. A. am watching B. was watching C. watched 12. (2012成都) —I want to know when Mr. Brown will arrive. —When he _________，I will tell you. A. will arrive B. arrived C. arrives 13. (2012南宁) A woman with two children _________ along the street at the moment. A. is walking B. are walking C. walk D. walks 14. (2012攀枝花) —Betty, could you answer my question? —Sorry, Mr Green. I didn’t hear you. I _________ about something else. A. was thinking B. am thinking C. think D. thought 15. (2011长沙) When I came back yesterday evening, my brother _________ his homework. A. is doing B. has done C. was doing 完形填空 It was a very cold morning. Some children were 1 on the ice. It was snowing 2 but they enjoyed themselves there. Mike, the tallest boy, skated fast and he 3 that there was a hole 4 the ice. He 5 into the water. The other children called out loudly for help. 6 at that moment a young worker 7 by and heard them. He put his bike by the side of the river 8 ran to them. When he pulled Mike out of the 9 , he was all wet. Then he sent Mike to a hospital. 10 that the young man hurried to work. 1. A. walking B. skating C. sitting D. standing 2. A. hardly B. heavy C. big D. heavily 3. A. didn’t see B. can’t see C. not see D. don’t see 4. A. on B. in front of C. in the front of D. in 5. A. jumped B. felt C. sat D. feel 6. A. Just B. Only C. When D. While 7. A. passed B. pass C. past D. passing 8. A. so B. but C. just D. then 9. A. ice B. snow C. rain D. water 10. A. Before B. After C. And D. Then 课后 作业________________________________; 巩固复习_______________________________; 巩固 预习布置____________________________ 签字 学科组长签字： 学习管理师: 老师 老师最欣赏的地方： 课后 8

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