现代大学英语精读2课后答案

海内存知己，天涯若比邻。现代大学英语精读第二册练习与答案 2007-1-22 16:59:28 Lesson One Another School Year --- What For?

I . Discuss the following questions:

1) Why did the professor draw a line between training and education? In what way are they different?

2) Are universities only for job training according to the professor? What else should a student strive for in a university

3) How did the professor try to prove the importance of book-reading?

4) How would you respond if your brother or sister or your best friend declares that he/she is only interested in learning some job skill and therefore has no use for literature, politics, philosophy, history, art, music, etc.?

5) Discuss with or interview a classmate, find out his/her ideas, summarize them and report back briefly to the class: Is education for living or make a living? II. Vocabulary

1. Practice using the rules of word formation.

1) Examine how the words specialize and simplify are formed. Find out the meanings of the suffixes ―–ize‖ and ―–fy‖.

specialize:____ + ____ simplify: ____ + ____

2) Turn the following nouns or adjectives into verbs that end with the suffix ―–ize‖ and vice versa. Example: computer (n.) + -ize computerize (v.) Noun/Ajective Verb capital __________ central __________ final __________ hospital __________ ideal __________ __________ apologize __________ civilize __________ fertilize __________ industrialize __________ realize

3) Turn the following nouns or adjectives into verbs that end with the suffix ―–fy‖. Example: beauty (n.) + -fy Noun/adjective Verb clarity __________ class __________ identity __________ intense __________ just __________

4) Complete the sentences based on the Chinese given in the brackets.

(1) If the grass is greener on the other side of the fence, it is a time for you to ________ (施肥) your lawn.

(2) Just enjoy the little things you are doing. When you look back, you will ________ (意识到) they were doing the big things.

(3) Walt Disney ________（总结）how he made his dreams come true in four C’s: curiosity, confidence, courage and constancy.

(4) The plan was ________ (批评) as too idealistic and impractical.

(5) The waste water is now ________ (净化) and then used for irrigation.

(6) The training courses aims to ________ (使合格) them as teachers of English. (7) How can you ________ (说明 有正当理由的) your behavior? (8) The freshmen will first read some ________ (简写) stories. (9) Books can be ________ (分类) in different ways.

(10) I was really ________ (害怕的) when I was told that 500 million people would watch my performance.

2. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms. to average out (to a certain number) to be exposed to to be out to to be stuck to be true of to do with sth.

to have no business doing sth. to put sb. In touch with

to see to sth./to see to it that clause to specialize to

1) They said that they would __________ no more trees are cut from now on

2) When he first retired, he felt very uncomfortable. He did not know what to __________ all his time.

3) If you want to know this, I can __________ a real expert. 4) Meals at the hotel __________20 yuan per day.

5) James protested that others __________ saying such things about him.

6) Eric told me that everything in the hospital was first-rate, and so was it __________ its doctors and nurses.

7) They were shocked to hear Professor Jin say that a company should not __________ make profit only.

8) My father was a historian. He __________ the history of the Ming Dynasty.

9) There are several ways to get around the difficulties when you __________ in the middle of a sentence.

10)Some sociologists argue that the ever-increasing crime rate is due to the fact that people __________ too much violence in TV programs.

11) In the first half of the year, Li Fan‘s income __________ 6,000yuan per month. 12) They promised to __________ the nuclear power station would be safe. 3.Choose the right word and put it in the proper form.. i . to say to speak to talk to tell

1) ―I can __________ you how to start, but you‘ll have to work out the answer yourself, ‖ __________ Mr. Baker.

2) She insisted that parents should try to find out why children sometimes __________ lies. 3) Would you please stop __________? We can‘t hear what the speaker is __________.

4) He __________ a few words about himself and then on to __________ about the recent development in the Sino-Russian relationship.

5) We learned from what students __________ about him that he __________ four languages. ii . fairly rather

1) The food was__________ good, but not as delicious as in the other restaurant. 2) She speaks __________ fluently, but her pronunciation is __________ poor. 3) It‘s___ hot here in the room. Will you please open the window? iii . sensitive sensible

1) I didn‘t mean you .You are too__________..

2) I thank it was a very __________ thing for you to do on such occasions. 3) It was __________ of them to withdraw their troops from that area. 4. Complete the sentences based on the Chinese given in the brackets.

1) The town used to __________ almost entirely __________ (依靠) tourism for its economic development .

2) The president asked me to __________ (主持) the meeting on his behalf .

3) I told them that Mr. Shen __________ ( 坚持) their giving a straightforward answer 4) No country has the right to __________ (干涉) other countries’ internal affairs . 5) His grandparents __________ (渴望) his return to his own country .

6) In the last twenty years his research __________ (集中) a new strain of rice .

7) All this __________ (同意了的) at our last discussion .I don’t see why we need to talk about it again .

8) Alice is still __________ (犹豫) the choice between the tow jobs . 9) They would never __________ ( 采取) these means to get rich .

10) There is no use __________ (埋怨) the situation we are in . We should take action and __________ (依靠) ourselves o change it for the better .

11) Do you remember the name of the Chinese who __________ (成功) swimming across the English Channel ?

5.Put in the missing words.

If you are like most people, your intelligence (1) __________ from season .You are (2) __________ a lot sharper in spring than you are at any (3)___ time of the year.

Spring appears to be the best (4) __________ of the year for thinking. One (5) __________ may be that in spring man‘s mental (6) __________ are affected by the same factors that bring (7) __________ great changes in all nature.

Autumn is the next best season, (8) __________ winter. As for summer, it seems to be a good time to (9) __________ a long vacation from thinking! It has been (10) __________ that cool weather is much more favorable (11) __________creative thinking than is summer hear. This does not (12) __________ that all people are (13) __________ intelligent in summer than they (14) __________ during the rest of the year. It (15) __________ mean , however , that the mental powers of large numbers of people (16) __________ to be lowest in summer. III . Grammar

1. Complete the following sentence wit one of these ways of expressing future time, using the verbs in the brackets.

shall/will shall/will be doing shall/will have done be to do sth. be doing sth. be going to do sth.

1) It has been decided that Beijing __________ (host) the 2008 Olympics.

2) The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics __________ (complete) by 2006.

3) The central government __________ (do) do what is within its power to help make the event a success.

4) Thousands of people __________ (work) as volunteers when the games __________(hold). 5) There __________ (be) no financial problem for Beijing in organizing the games. 6) By then the air in Beijing __________ (be) cleaner.

7) By then all factories that cause serious air, water or noise pollution __________ (move) out of the city.

8) Beijing __________ (be) more beautiful in 2008.

9) Many people in Beijing __________ (learn) English in the seven years ahead.

10) Both the government and the people of Beijing __________ (work) hard to make the Beijing Olympics one of the best in history.

2. Combine each pair of the sentences, using the right emphasizing coordinate conjunctions. not…but

not only …but also both …and either … or neither …or

1). His brother is a lawyer. His sister is a lawyer, too.

2). What they lack is not money. What they lack is experience.

3). They have come to china to learn Chinese. They have also come to china to learn about her culture.

4). I find the new manager is not easy to get along with. I find he is not delightful to talk to, either. 5). You may write your essay in your regular exercise book. You may print a copy if you do it on your computer.

3. Put in the right preposition from the list below.

about along with as at behind by for from in into like near of off on on to out of round to under upon with beside

1) Professor Li spoke __________ an expert __________ modern Chinese literature. 2) He talks __________ a computer expert, but really he knows little. 3) In the 1930s, a lot of people in the USA were __________ work.

4) __________ her 21st birthday, her parents sent her a leather coat __________ an affectionate letter.

5) The manager‘s office is large and airy. __________ the window is a CEO-type of desk. An office chair stands __________ the desk. Future back __________ the corner there is a floor-to-ceiling bookcase filled __________ books, magazines, etc.

6) Everyone knows him __________ Old Arthur. He lives __________ a little hut __________ the middle of a small wood, about a mile __________ the village. He goes __________ the village twice a week to buy food, and occasionally he collects letters and his pension __________ the post office.

7) This is what old Arthur said __________ himself __________ a reporter __________ the local newspaper: ―I get up every morning __________ the birds. There is a stream __________ my hut and I fetch water __________ there. It‘s good, clear, fresh water, better than you get __________ the city. Occasionally, __________ winter, I have to break the ice. I cook simple food__________ my stove; mostly stews and things __________ that. I don‘t have much money, but I think I‘m a lucky man.‖

8) Recently I came __________ a little group __________ worried people, gathered __________ a man lying __________ the pavement __________ a busy London road. They were waiting __________ an ambulance, because the man had been knocked down __________ a passing taxi. Apparently he had stepped the pavement and __________ the street, to avoid walking a ladder. This superstition goes back the days when the gallows were built a platform. To get up __________ the platform you had to clime a ladder. To pass __________ that ladder therefore was considered very unlucky. IV . Written work

Suppose you are the writer and write what you said to the tall student about the purpose of a university in about 130 words.

Your retelling should contain three parts. 1. How you came to talk about it 2. What you said

3. What you pointed in conclusion

Key to the exercises II . Vocabulary

1. Practice using the rules of word formation.

1) Examine how the words specialize and simplify are formed. Find out the meanings of the suffixes ―–ize‖ and ―–fy‖.suffixes ―–ize‖, from Greek, is used to form verbs meaning: (1) to cause to be, to make (2) to become

(3) to put into the stated place

suffixes ―–fy‖, from Latin, is used to form verbs meaning: to cause to be, to make.

2) Turn the following nouns or adjectives into verbs that end with the suffix ―–ize‖ and vice versa. capitalize apology centralize civil finalize fertile

hospitalize industrial idealize real

3) Turn the following nouns or adjectives into verbs that end with the suffix ―–fy‖ clarify classify identify intensify justify

4) Complete the sentences based on the Chinese given in the brackets. (1) fertilize (2) realize (3) summarized (4) criticized (5) purified (6) qualify (7) justify (8) simplified (9) classified (10) terrified

2. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms. (1) see to it that (2)do with (3)put you in touch with (4)average out to (5) had no business (6)true of (7)be out to (8)specialized in

(9) are stuck (10)are exposed to (11)averaged out to (12)see to it that 3. Choose the right word and put it in the proper form.

i 1) tell, said 2) tell 3) talking, saying 4) said, speak/talk 5) said, spoke ii 1) fairly 2)fairly, rather 3) rather iii 1) sensitive 2) sensible 3) sensible

4. Complete the sentences based on the Chinese given in the brackets. 1) depend on/upon 2)preside over 3)insisted on 4)interfere in/with

5)are longing for/longed for 6)has been concentrated on 7)was agreed on/upon 8)hesitating about/over 9)resort to 10)complaining about, rely on/upon 11)succeeded in 5. Put in the missing words.

(1)varies (2)probably (3)other (4)period (5)reason (6)powers (7)about (8)then (9)take (10)found (11)for (12)mean (13)less (14)are (15)does (16)tend III . Grammar

1. Complete the following sentence wit one of these ways of expressing future time, using the verbs in the brackets.

1) will host

2) will have been completed/will be completed 3) shall/will do

4) will work, is held 5) will be

6) is going to be/will be 7) will have (been) moved 8) will be

9) are going to learn 10) are going to work2.

2. Combine each pair of the sentences, using the right emphasizing coordinate conjunctions. 1) Both his sister and brother are lawyers.

2) What they lack is not money but experience.

3) They have come to China not only to learn Chinese, but also to learn about her culture as well. 4) I find the new manager neither easy to get along with nor delightful to talk to.

5) You may either write your essay in your regular exercise book or print a copy if you do it on your computer.

3. Put in the right preposition from the list below. 1) as, on 2) like 3) out of

4) For/On, along with

5) By/Near, behind, in, with

6) as, in, in, from, to/into, at/from

7) about, to, from, with, near, from, in, in, on, like

8) on/upon, of, round, on, beside, for, by, off, into, under, to, on, on to, under IV . Written work

Suppose you are the writer and write what you said to the tall student about the purpose of a university in about 130 words. Sample:

One day back in January of 1940 , a student came to my office and told me that he had come to college to be a pharmacist. He said he didn‘t see why he should read Shakespeare. I tried, to the best of my ability, to explain what a university is supposed to do. I told him that the job of a university was to produce/ turn out specialists is who were at the same time civilized citizens. In other words, the business of a university is not only to help its students acquire knowledge and professional skills, but also to put them in touch with the great minds of the past. I pointed out that if a person just wanted to be a mechanized savage he had no business being in college.

Lesson Two Maheegun My Brother

I. Do you have a similar story to tell? Is it also about a wolf, about how a dog saved his little master from drowning, about how a horse saved a horseman, about how a tiger rapid the kindness of a doctor who had cured his skin trouble? OK, go ahead and tell us. II. Vocabulary

1. Practice using the rules of word formation.

? Complete the following sentences with the words in their proper forms from the list below. Write N (noun) or V (verb).

bandage hit waste journey risk camp

(1)You can‘t run a business without taking __________. ()

(2)The secret of his successful business is that he gets ahead during the time others __________. ()

(3)Success is a __________, not a destination. ()

(4)The old city area has been heavily__________ by the earthquake. () (5)She has __________successfully across the desert. ()

(6)The weather was fine, so we decided to __________ out for the night. ()

(7)The soldier refuse to leave his comrades. He __________ his head and continued to fight. () 2) Study how the compound words―snow-filled‖(para.23) and ―blood-soaked‖(para.29) are formed.

snow-filled (adj.): ___ + ____ (meaning: filled with snow) blood-soaked (adj.) ____ + ___ (meaning: soaked with blood) Put the following phrases into Chinese. o a state-owned factory o home-made cakes o heart-felt thanks

o an enemy-occupied area o snow-covered fields o test-oriented education

o government-controlled shares o a poverty-stricken village

o a student-centered approach o sugar-coated pills

2.Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms. all for the best at the edge of in search of

in sth‘s or sb‘s place

to below itself outto quite down to come into focus

to work one‘s way out of

? Mr. Watson put up a fence __________ his vegetable field to keep the passersby from crossing it.

? Before I wrote his biography, I spent almost two years in the national library __________ information about him.

? The chairperson tried to make the discussion __________ because it was impossible to solve all the problems just in one afternoon.

? He decided to take the job although it didn‘t pay well. He felt it was probably__________. ? It took them a whole week to __________ the big forest.

? When the storm finally __________, they found three people missing. ? Ms. Wu acted __________ while he was away on holiday.

? The people were extremely angry. They shouted in loud protest. It took the mayor 10 minutes to make them __________.

? For days, warships and fishing boats were sent to that area __________ survivors. ? When the moving objects __________, we found that they were only swans. 3.Choose the right phrasal verbs in the brackets and put them in proper forms.

? I felt a sharp pain when the nurse__________ (tear away, tear off) the blood-soaked bandage from the wound in my leg.

? I was walking along the river the other day when I saw a kid fall into the water. I immediately __________ (tear away, tear off) my jacket and jumped into the river to save them.

? The old houses have been __________ (tear off, tear down) to make room for a new shopping center.

? The sunset was so beautiful in the mountains that we had trouble ourselves __________. (tear away, tear off)

4.Put the Chinese into English.

? 他们把病人的档案全储存在计算机里了。(store)

? 那个盲人夜里演奏的悲伤的音乐能使我们感动得流泪。(move)

? 她把一块湿毛巾放在我的额头上以止住鼻子出血。(put)

? 每次回家她总是先把手提包往沙发上一扔。(throw)

? 和人说话时千万不要用手指着他。(point)

? 侦探跟踪他到幸福街五号。(follow)

? 纳尔逊把我们分成两组后带着其中的一组去了实验室。（divide, take）

? 司机赶快把她送到附近的医院。（take）

? 教师们正在努力使学生接触到世界文学的精华。（expose）

5.Put in the missing words.

Zoos have existed for so long that no one knows the origins of the ones. At one time, zoos were (1)______ to entertain kings, queens, princes and princesses. Today, there are probably over 500 public (2)_____ the world. The one with the greatest (3)______ of animals is in Berlin.

Years ago, zoos always (4)______ animals in barred cages but now zoos (5)______ to keep their animals in more natural surroundings. (6)______ a result, there is great improvement in the (7)_____ animals are treated, housed and bred. One of the best zoos in the United States is at San Diego in California, (8)_____the climate makes it possible or for the animals to live (9)____ most of the year. As civilization spreads and natural wildernesses (10)______ reduced, zoos have become more important. They (11)______ places where race animals (12)_____ be preserved form extinction.

Game reserves have (13)_____ in parts of Europe for hundreds of years for hunting purposes. Today, (14)______, they are usually places where wildlife are (15)_____ form hunters and can live and breed (16)______ by man. One of the largest (17)______ in the world is the KrugerNational Park in South Africa, where elephants, zebras and lions are (18)________ the attractions. III. Grammar

1. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets.

? We must read the instructions carefully ___________________________ (在使用这台笔记本电脑之前)。

? I used to cycle to school ___________(天好的时候)。

? Jane was about to say yes __________________________________(突然听见一个熟悉的声音叫她)。

? The young man didn’t realize that money wasn’t everything____________________ (直到他父亲在一次事故中丧身)。

? It may be years ____________________ (这两个国家才能达成协议)。 ? I was getting ready for bed _________________ (听见楼下有人)。

? I telephoned the police__________________________ (一听见可疑的声音)。 ? She had just been enrolled by a teachers’ college __________________________________ (北京大学的录取通知就到了)。

9)You have to work at least for five years in the workshop__________________________ (才能指望提升)。

10）We had no idea what china had achieved over the past twenty years __________________________________(我们到达之前).

2. Put in articles where necessary. When no article is needed, put in a slash―/‖.

1) __________ corner grocery store was __________ American tradition, but now it is dying out.

In __________ older times there was __________ small grocery store in every neighborhood. Every day, __________ housewife went to __________ store to buy __________ milk, __________ fresh bread, and __________ losing __________ business to __________ large supermarkets.

? __________ supermarkets are bigger than __________ corner stores. __________ corner store is __________ family business, __________ ―Ma and Pa ‖ operation. __________ supermarkets employ more people. They are newer, more modern, and they stay open longer. They have __________ greater variety of __________ products, and they offer __________ lower prices. Many people miss __________ old corner store. It was smaller, friendlier, and closer to _________ home. But __________ small businesses can‘t complete with __________ large companies.

IV. Written work

Answer the question in about 130 words.

How did the boy in the story get in a snowstorm and how did Maheegun come to his rescue? You are expected to cover these points: o How the boy was trapped in a snowstorm o What dangerous situation he was in o How the wolf came to his rescue 答案：

Lesson Two Maheegun My Brother II . Vocabulary

1. Practice using the rules of word formation.

1) Complete the following sentences with the words in their proper forms from the list below. Write N (noun) or V (verb).

(1) risks (N) (2) waste (V) (3) journey (N) (4) hit (V)

(5) journeyed (V) (6) camp (V) (7) bandaged (V)

2) Study how the compound words―snow-filled‖(para.23) and ―blood-soaked‖(para.29) are formed.

snow-filled (adj.): ___ + ____ (meaning: filled with snow) blood-soaked (adj.) ____ + ___ (meaning: soaked with blood) Put the following phrases into Chinese.

(1) 国营的工厂 (2) 家庭制作的蛋糕 (3) 由衷的感谢

(4) 敌人占领区 (5) 白雪覆盖的田野 (6) 应试教育 (7) 所控股份 (8) 贫困的山村

(9) 以学生为中心的方法 (10)裹着糖衣的药片

2． Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms.

1） at the edge of 2） in search of 3） come into focus 4） only too „ to

5） work their way out of 6） blew itself out 7） in his place 8） quite down 9） in search of 10) came into focus

3. Choose the right phrasal verbs i the brackets and put them in proper forms. 1) tore off 2) tore off 3) tore down 4) tearing, away 4. Put the Chinese into English.

1) They have stored all the patients‘ records into the computer.

2) The blind man‘s sad music played at night could move us to tears. 3) She put a wet towel on my forehead to stop my nose bleeding.

4) Each time she came back home, she would first throw her handbag onto the sofa. 5) Never point your finger at the person you are speaking to. 6) The detective followed him to No. 5, Happiness, Street.

7) After he divided us into two groups, Mr. Nelson took one group to the lab. 8) The drover took her to a nearby hospital immediately.

9) The teachers are making a great effort to expose the students to the best of world literature. 5. Put in the missing words.

(1) used (2) around/in (3) variety (4) kept (5) try (6) As

(7) ways (8) where (9) outdoors (10) are (11) provide (12) can

(13) existed (14) however (15) safe (16) undisturbed (17) reserves (18) among III . Grammar

1. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets. 1) before we use the new laptop 2) when it was fine

3) when he heard a familiar voice calling her 4) until his father was killed in an accident

5) before the two countries can reach an agreement

6) when I heard someone downstairs 7) as soon as I heard the strange noise

8) when the letter of admission arrived from Peking University 9) before you can expect a promotion 10) before we arrived there

2. Put in articles where necessary. When no article is needed, put in a slash―/‖. 1) The, an, /, a, the, the, /, /, /, /, / 2) /, /, The, a, a, /, a, /, /, the, /, /, / IV . Written work

Answer the question in about 130 words.

How did the boy in the story get in a snowstorm and how did Maheegun come to his rescue? Sample:

When the boy was walking home after spending the Easter holidays in his cousins‘ place, he got lost in a snowstorm and was trapped in the wild. On the third or fourth day, the boy was in a very dangerous situation: it was terribly cold, and he could hardly find any more wood to build a fire. What‘s more, he cut his hand by accident, and a wolf followed the bloodspots on the snow and found where he was. Soon another wolf came, and the two of them were only 50 feet away. Just then Maheegun appeared as if from nowhere. He drove off the other two. Throughout the night, Maheegun staye with the boy, watching for any attackers. The next day the search team arrived and took the boy home.

Lesson Three More Crime and Less Punishment

I. Oral Work

1. Discuss the following question in your group.

It is reported that many countries suffer an increase in crime nowadays. How do you account for this phenomenon? The following points may be of use for your discussion: 1) the police and court being too soft on criminals 2) the bad influence of other cultures 3) the lack of effective laws 4) the lack of moral control

5) the gap between the rich and poor 6) corruption II. Vocabulary

1. Practice using the rules of word formation.

1) Examine how the words \" approval' and \" nontraffic\" are formed. Find out the meaning of the suffix \" -al \" and prefix \"non-\" with the help of a dictionary. approval: ______+_______ nontraffic:______+ _______

2) Turn the following verbs into nouns by adding \"-al\" and vice versa. Add more words to the list. Verb Noun

renew ______________________ deny ______________________

dismiss ______________________ refuse ______________________ survive ______________________ ___________________ arrival

___________________ disapproval ___________________ proposal ___________________ withdrawal

___________________ ______________________

3) Add the prefix \" non-\" to the following words and then put them into Chinese. (1) aggression (6) professional (2) cooperation (7) resistance (3) existence (8) smoker (4) fiction (9) standard

(5) interference (10) violence

2. Give the opposite of the following. 1) to approve 11) major (adj.) 2) certainty 12) maximum 3) comfortable 13) necessary 4) construction 14) powerless 5) costly 15) real

6) current (adj.) 16) to reduce 7) decline 17) to reject 8) feasible 18) to scatter

9) harsh (said of punishment) 19) tough (said of a policy) 10) to lock up 20) violence

3. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms due to

to amount to

to have charge of sb. / sth .

under supervision./ under the supervision of so ... as to

to be faced with to pay for

the other way around to get tough with sb. to work out to

1 ) The city government has decided to build a green area in the center of the city. It will _____ 30, 000 square meters.

2 ) Daisy wouldn't be _______ careless _____________forget her passport.

3 ) Flights were delayed ____________the most serious storm the city had ever had. 4) Feeling sorry for what they had done, they promised to the damaged ship.

5) Mr. Zhang _______________ the four branch companies in the south. 6) The new director ______________ great difficulties, but he was confident.

7) The customers demanded the authorities _____________ those who sell unhealthy food.

8) Many people believe that population explosion causes poverty. But scholars say that it could be just _______ .

9) It is reported that the total U. S. investment in _______ $20. 8 billion.

10) After the terrorist attack, all air passengers were ____________.

11) ____________his hard work, he realized his dream and was admitted to the university at the age of fifty-two.

12) In our city, about 10, 000 high school graduates were admitted to college this year. It about sixty percent of the total.

13) My graduation paper was completed __________________ Professor Chu.

14) In the next five years, the cost of environmental protection projects will_______ $ 55 billion, which is one percent of the nation's GNP.

4.Supply three or four verbs/phrasal verbs, or nouns/noun \"phrases for the following, 1) to ___________ a crime 6) to dismiss ____________ 2) to ___________ research 7) to gain _______________ 3) to ___________ a solution 8) to release ____________ 4) to ___________ a threat 9) to lower ______________ 5) to ___________ evidence 10) to pay ______________

5. Choose the right word from the bracket and put it in the proper form.

1) I bought this pair of shoes cheap. It only ______(cost, pay, spend) me 50 yuan. 2) He ________(cost, pay, spend) 2, 000 yuan to get the permission to sit in her class.

3) I finished the test paper quite early, so I was able to____(spend, take) sometime checking what I had done.

4) Helen tried to _____ (convince, persuade) her students that it was not a good idea to specialize too early.

5) We tried to _____ (convince, persuade) them to take our advice, but all our efforts were in vain. 6) Kent was finally ____ (convince, persuade; of the need to read more simplified books. 7) He felt frustrated when his application for membership was ____ (refuse, reject) again.

8) We have very strict quality control over our products. Anything that is imperfect will be____ (refuse, reject).

9) If you go and ask her for help, she will not ______ (refuse, reject). 10) I told him not to overwork, but he ____ (refuse, reject) to listen.

6. Examine the uses of \"fail\" and \"suggest\" in the sentences below. List other possible uses of these words and then make sentences after the models.

A decade of careful research has failed to provide clear and convincing evidence.. . (para. 3) (to fail to do sth. )

The best estimates suggest that 36 million to 40 million people have arrest records... (para. 1) (to suggest + that-clause)

Other possible uses of \"fail\" and\"suggest\": fail: suggest::

1) Some people are worried that the peace move in that area will fail.

2) They failed in their attempt to rob the bank. Two of them were killed and the rest were arrested.

3) Memory failed him when he wanted to give the figure. 4) Her sight began to fail when she was about 60.

5) Mr. Li praised my paper and suggested a few changes. 6) As the matter is urgent, I suggest going there by air.

7) Wang Wei suggested that we should reconsider her offer.

7. Give the verb patterns of the underlined part in the sentences below, list other possible verbs, and then, based on the information given, complete the sentences with the words given in the brackets.

This is why the certainty and severity of punishment must go down when the crime rate goes up. (para. 2)

The decline has made it easier to gain admission... (para. 4) Verb patterns:

Other possible verbs:

1) Robert has decided to build a library in his town next year with his money. This is _______________________________ (what, when, how, where).

2) The two leaders differed in their attitude toward globalization and they finally became rivals. That was _____________________________________ (why, how).

3) In order to win more and more people over, they preached their ideas persistently. That was ________________________________________________ (why, how).

4) We agreed to meet at the entrance of the theatre yesterday. That is ___________________________________(where). 5) —When do you feel truly happy?

—I think it's __________________________________ (when). 6) My grandmother is old and sick. I don't want to leave her alone.

I____________________(feel, necessary)________________________________.

7) Since the new policy was adopted, the central and western parts of China have developed at a much faster speed.

The new policy____________________(make, possible)____________________. 8) Many factories have decided to invest big money in recycling industrial wastes. Many factories __________________(find, profitable)______________________. 9) We should have a highly developed culture if we want to modernize our society.

We_______________________(think, essential)___________________________. 10) We should see our limitations as well as strengths.

We____________________(consider, important)__________________________. 8. Put in the missing words.

We spent a day in the country, picking wild flowers. Our car (1) ________ like a florist's shop inside! On the way (2 )__________we had to stop (3) ______traffic

lights, and there my wife noticed (4)______cupboard. It was tall and narrow, and it stood on the pavement outside a (5)_______shop.

\"Buy it, \" she said at once. \"Well carry it home on the roof rack. I've (6)______ wanted one like that. \" -

What could I do? Ten minutes (7) ______I was ￡20 poorer, and the cupboard was (8) ——————on to the roof rack. It was six feet long and eighteen inches square, quite heavy too. In (9) _____ gathering darkness I drove slowly. (10) __________drivers seemed

unusually polite that evening. The (11) ___ even stopped traffic to let us through. (12)______ furniture was a good idea.

After a time my wife said, \"There's a long (13) ______ of cars behind. Why don't they overtake, I (14) ______?\"

In fact a police car (15) ______ overtake. The two officers inside looked at us

seriously (16)________they passed. But then, with great kindness, they (17 )______ us through the rush-hour traffic. The police car (18) ______ at our village church. One of the officers came to me.

\"Right, sir, \" he said. \"Do you need any more (19) _____________now?\"

I was a bit (20) ______________. \"Thanks, officer, \" I said. \"You've been very kind. I live just (21) ______________ the road. \"

He was (22) _____ at our load: first at the flowers, then at the cupboard. \"Well, well,\" he said, laughing, \"(23) _____________ cupboard you've got there! We thought it was—er, something (24) __________. \"

My wife began to laugh. Then the truth hit (25) ______ like a stone between the eyes. I smiled (26) ______the officer. \"Yes, it's a cupboard, but thanks again.\" I (27) _________home as fast as I could. III. Grammar

1. Combine each pair of the sentences after the model using the words and expressions below. and (only) to do… so so that

so… that so…as to do… the more…the more…

Model: He quit smoking. His health improved dramatically. — He quit smoking and his health soon improved dramatically.

Or: — He quit smoking so that his health soon improved dramatically. 1) The boy fell off his bike. He broke his leg.

2) It rained all day yesterday. We got nothing done in the fields.

3) The man was very tired. He could hardly put one foot before the other. 4) The old man walked fast. His children found it hard to keep up with him. 5) The man was badly injured. They took him straight to the hospital.

6) He won't give up his present position when jobs are hard to obtain. I don't think he is that stupid.

7) The professor spoke very fast. None of the students could take complete notes. 8) We found much to talk about. It was late at night when we remembered the time.

9) Mr. Hu repeated his remarks in English and French. Nobody misunderstood what he said.

10) The man went to meet a girlfriend he had got to know on the Web. He found she was his own wife.

11) It's something urgent. Please do your best and finish it soon.

12) The medical team must set out immediately. The number of victims they will be able to save depends on how soon they arrive.

2. Rewrite the sentences as shown in the examples. 1) Using \"as ... as\"

Example 1: Xiao Li speaks English fluently and so does Xiao Jiang. — Xiao Jiang speaks English as fluently as Xiao Li. Example 2: Jane is intelligent and so is his little brother.

— Jane's little brother is as intelligent as she is.

Example 3: She expected to do well in the exam, but she didn't. — She didn't do as well as she had expected.

(1) Children love Hans Christian Andersen's stories very much and so do adults.

(2) Professor Xu's textbook English is very popular in China and New Concept English is almost equally popular.

(3) A policeman's job is dangerous and so is that of a journalist sometimes.

(4) A society needs scientists and economists as well as farmers and factory workers.

(5) At 60, he is still eager to learn, just as he was 40 years ago when he was a college student. (6) We expected the film to be very good but it turned out to be just so-so. (7) He's doing well but his parents want him to do better.

(8) The boys find life at college quite uneventful. They used to think it would be exciting. (9) The guard spoke politely to the boy, just like a host to a welcome guest.

(10) In old age, a man's life is calm and peaceful like a river running through a vast plain. 2) Using \"more ... than\"

Example 1: I'm not as careful as he is.

—> He is more careful than me/I am. Example 2: He doesn't swim as well as his sister.

—? His sister swims better than he (does). Example 3: The man doesn't know as much about the Web as his son (does).

—> The man's son knows more about the Web than him/he does. (1) Incomes have not been rising as fast as prices.

(2) Ten years ago, relations between the two countries were not as good as they are now.

(3) Before World War II, the world did not change as fast as it has been changing since its end. (4) Fifty years ago, scientists didn't know as much about the personal computer as a high school student today.

(5) Fifty years ago, the world wasn't as crowded as it is today.

(6) On the whole, 30 years ago, people weren't living as good a life as they are today. (7) How much you will improve depends on how soon you learn from your mistakes. (8) As you learn more, you will see how little you knew before. 3. Do the following, using expressions of comparison.

1) Interview some of your fellow students. Ask them to compare two persons they know of or two things/places they are familiar with.

2) Compare the world today with what it was like 50 years ago, mentioning both the achievements and the problems.

4. Learn to use the passive voice correctly.

1) The sentences tell us about the changes that have taken place in your hometown in the last twenty years or so. Turn each of them into the passive form and write it down in the space below. (1) We've pulled down most of the slums.

___________________________________________________________. (2) WeVe built quite a lot of decent economic houses for low-income families. ___________________________________________________________. (3) We've widened the main streets and constructed three superhighways. ___________________________________________________________. (4) We've steadily developed the service industry.

___________________________________________________________.

(5) Over the years, the service industry has created thousands of jobs for the residents. ___________________________________________________________. (6) We've done a lot to improve the environment.

___________________________________________________________. (7) We've moved quite a number of factories out of the city.

___________________________________________________________.

(8) We‘ve spent a lot of money on education and medical care. ___________________________________________________________.

(9) The universities have enrolled more than 40,000 young people over the last three years. ___________________________________________________________. (10) We’ve upgraded (使升级) the facilities (设备) of our major hospitals. ___________________________________________________________.

2) Change the infinitive phrases into suggestions, using the pattern \"I think something should be done\" or \"I suggest (that) something be done\".

Example: to take effective measures to prevent crimes

— I think effective measures should be taken to prevent crimes. Or: — I suggest effective measures be taken to prevent crimes. (1) to strictly control TV violence

(2) to provide the police force with better equipment and training

(3) to punish criminals/crimes more severely when crimes/they are on the increase (4) to award those who help the police fight crime

(5) to put emphasis on rehabilitation instead of on punishment

(6) to make efforts to turn criminals into useful members of society (7) to give wrongdoers opportunities to start life afresh

(8) not to look down upon lawbreakers who are willing to turn over a new leaf

(9) not to treat released prisoners as criminals any more as long as they behave themselves Write down more suggestions here:

___________________________________________________________.

___________________________________________________________.

___________________________________________________________. IV. Written Work

Answer the question in about 130 words.

Do you agree with the author that severe punishment is not the answer to the problem of crime?

Your answer should cover these points: 1. State your view in the first sentence. 2. Give reasons for your view.

3. Offer your solution to the problem. 答案:

Key to the Exercises II. Vocabulary

1. Practice using the rules of word formation

1)Examine how the words ―approval‖and ―nontraffic‖are formed. Find out the meaning of the suffix \"-al\" and prefix \"non-\" with the help of a dictionary. approval: approve + -al nontraffic: non- + traffic

Suffix \"-al\ approve + -al ---- approval (n. ) = the act of approving Prefix \"non-\

2) Turn the following verbs into nouns by adding \"-al\" and vice versa. Add more words to the list. Verb Noun Verb Noun

renew -> renewal arrive <- arrival deny denial disapprove disapproval dismiss dismissal propose proposal refuse refusal withdraw withdrawal survive survival

3) Add the prefix \"non-\" to the following words and then put them into Chinese. (1) 不侵犯 （6）非专业的；非专业人员 (2）不合作 （7）不抵抗 (3) 不存在 （8）不抽烟者 (4) 非小说作品 （9）不标准的 (5) 不干涉 （10）非暴力

2. Give the opposite of the following.

1) to disapprove 2) uncertainty 3) uncomfortable 4) destruction 5) cheap/inexpensive 6) past

7) rise/increase 8 ) unfeasible/infeasible/impossible/impractical 9) gentle/mild 10) to release

11)minor/unimportant 12) minimum 13) unnecessary 14) powerful 15) unreal 16) to increase

17) to accept 18) to gather/ to collect 19) soft 20) nonviolence

3. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms. 1) work out to 2) so ... as to 3) due to

4) pay for 5) has charge of 6) was faced with

7) get tough with 8) the other way around 9) works out to/amounts to 10) under (close) supervision

12) works out to 13) under the supervision of 14) amount to

4. Supply three or four verbs/phrasal verbs, or nouns/noun phrases for the following. 1) commit, deter, prevent, punish, reduce (crimes) 2) carry out, conduct, do

3) find, offer, seek, suggest, work out, have 4) carry out, impose, make, present

5) find, gather, give, produce, provide, seek

6) a worker, a class, a proposal, a question, a suggestion, the charge

7) knowledge, experience, strength, weight, speed, permission, approval, admission, advantage

8) a prisoner, a film, a missile, information, news, pain, sb.'s arm, the bird

9) the birth/death/crime rate, one's voice, rent, the interest, the price, the taxes, the standards 10) a debt, cash, rent, the interest, the price, the taxes, the tuition, wages, salary 5. Choose the right word from the bracket and put it in the proper form. 1) cost 2) paid 3) spend 4) convince

5) persuade 6) convinced 7) rejected/refused 8) rejected 9) refuse 10) refused

6. Examine the uses of \"fail\" and \"suggest\" in the sentences below. List other possible uses of these words and then make sentences after the models. Other possible uses of \"fail\" and \"suggest\": fail: to fail (vi. ) to fail sb.

Suggest: to suggest sth. to suggest doing sth.

to suggest + that-clause in the subjective mood

7. Give the verb patterns of the underlined part in the sentences below, list other possible verbs, and then, based on the information given, complete the sentences with the words given in the brackets.

Verb patterns: to be + wh-clause

to make + it + adj. + to-infinitive (phrase)

Other possible verbs: consider, feel, find, think One possibility of the sentences;

1) what Robert has decided to do with his money

when Robert is going to build a library in his town with his own money how Robert is going to spend his money next year

where Robert is going to build a library with his own money 2) why/how the two leaders finally became rivals 3) why they preached their ideas persistently 4) where we agreed to meet yesterday

5) when I've helped sb. out of difficulty/when I feel really useful/when I feel myself

needed and wanted/when I am respected and loved/when I have the power and money to do sth. worthwhile, etc.

6) feel it necessary to stay with my grandmother and take care of her

7) has made it possible for the central and western parts of China to develop at a much faster speed

8) have found it profitable to invest big money in recycling industrial wastes

9) think it essential to have a highly developed culture if we want to modernize our society 10) consider it important to see our limitations as well as our strengths 8. Put in the missing words.

(1) looked (2) home (3) at (4) a (5) furniture (6) always (7) later (8) tied (9) the (10) Other

(11) police (12) Carrying (13) line (14) wonder (15) did (16) as (17) led (18) stopped (19) help (20) puzzled (21) down (22) staring (23) It's (24) else (25) me

(26) at (27) drove III. Grammar

1.Combine each pair of the sentences after the model using the words and expressions below. 1) The boy fell off his bike and broke his leg.

2) It rained all day yesterday, so we got nothing done in the fields.

3) The man was so tired that he could hardly put one foot before the other.

4) The old man walked 50 fast that his children found it hard to keep up with him. 5) The man was so badly injured that they took him straight to the hospital. Or: The man was badly injured and was taken straight to the hospital.

6) I don't think he is so stupid as to give up his present position when jobs are hard to obtain. 7) The professor spoke very fast, 50 (that) none of the students could take complete notes. Or: The professor spoke so fast that none of the students could take complete notes.

8) We found so much to talk about that it was late at night when we remembered the time. 9) Mr. Hu repeated his remarks in English and French, so that nobody misunderstood what he said.

10) The man went to meet a girlfriend he had got to know on the Web, but only to find she was his own wife.

11) As it's something urgent, the sooner you finish it, the better. Or: As it's something urgent, please finish it as soon as possible.

12) The medical team must set out immediately, because the sooner they arrive, the more victims they will be able to save.

2. Rewrite the sentences as shown in the examples. 1) Using \"as ...as\"

(1) Adults love Hans Christian Andersen's stories as much as children (do).

(2) In China, New Concept English is almost as popular as Professor Xu's textbook English.

(3) Sometimes a journalist's job is as dangerous as that of a policeman.

(4) A society needs farmers and factory workers as much as it needs scientists and economists.

(5) At 60, he is as eager to learn as he was 40 years ago when he was a college student. (6) The film wasn't as good as we expected. It was just so-so. (7) He is not doing as well as his parents want him to.

(8) The boys find life at college is not as exciting as they used to think. (9) The guard spoke as politely as if the boy were a welcome guest.

(10) In old age, a man's life is as calm and peaceful as a river running through a vast plain. 2) Using \"more ... than\"

(1) Prices have been rising faster than incomes.

(2) Relations between the two countries are better than they were 10 years ago.

(3) Since the end of World War II, the world has been changing faster than before the war.

(4) Today a high school student knows more about the personal computer than scientists did 50 years ago.

(5) The world has become more crowded than it was 50 years ago.

(6) On the whole, people are living a better life than they did 30 years ago. (7) The sooner you learn from your mistakes, the more you will improve.

(8) The more you learn, the better you will see how little you knew before. 4.Learn to use the passive voice correctly.

1) The sentences tell us about the changes that have taken place in your hometown in the last twenty years or so. Turn each of them into the passive form and write it down in the space below. (1) Most slums have been pulled down.

(2) Quite a lot of decent economical houses have been built for low-income families. (3) The main streets have been widened, and three superhighways have been constructed. (4) The service industry has been steadily developed.

(5) Over the years, thousands of jobs have been created in the service industry for the residents. (6) A lot has been done to improve the environment.

(7) Quite a number of factories have been moved out of the city. (8) A lot of money has been spent on education and medical care.

(9) More than 40,000 young people have been enrolled in the universities in the last three years.

(10) The facilities of our major hospitals have been upgraded.

2) Change the infinitive phrase into suggestions, using the pattern \"I think something should be done\" or \"I suggest (that) something be done\". (1) TV violence should be strictly controlled.

(2) The police force should be provided with better equipment and training.

(3) Criminals/crimes should be punished more severely when crimes/they are on the increase.

(4) Those who help the police fight crime should be awarded.

(5) Emphasis should be put on rehabilitation instead of on punishment. (6) Efforts should be made to turn criminals into useful members of society. (7) Wrongdoers should be given opportunities to start life afresh.

(8) Lawbreakers who are willing to turn over a new leaf shoul4 not be looked down upon.

(9) As long as they behave themselves? released prisoners should no longer be treated as criminals.

IV Written Work

Answer the question in about 130 words.

Do you agree with the author that severe punishment is not the answer to the problem of crime? Sample:

I don't think that severe punishment is the answer to the problem of crime. But I look at the matter from a different point of view. The author simply believes harsh punishment isn't feasible because it costs too much. My view is that punishment, including harsh measures; is necessary but punishment alone won't help much. It is effective only when governments make effort to wipe out what gives rise to crimes, for example, poverty, inequality, racial hatred, money worship, TV violence, etc. , in short, to remove barriers for less fortunate members of society to better themselves. Punishment can produce good results only when it is combined with effective correctional measures to make law-abiding citizens out of criminals. This is a difficult but worthwhile job. (124 words)

Lesson Four The Nightingale and the Rose

I. Oral Work

1. Discuss the following:

1) The characters‘ different attitudes towards love: (1) The Student‘s

(2) The Lizard‘s, the Butterfly‘s and the Daisy‘s (3) The Nightingale‘s

2) Is love better than life, as the Nightingale believed? Interview other students. Be prepared to summarize their ideas. II. Vocabulary

1. Practice using the rules of word formation.

1) Examine how the compound nouns from the text are formed. Work out their meanings. Add more words that are formed in the same way.

sunbeam (para. 9) grass-plot (para.14) rose-tree (para. 14) sun-dial (para. 16)

moonlight (para. 26) life-blood (para. 27) oak-tree (para. 31) bridegroom(para.39) 339) These compound nouns are formed by ____________+___________.

2) Examine how the word \" sincerity\" is formed. Find out the meaning of the noun suffix \"-ty \" with the help of a dictionary. sincerity: ______+ _______

3) Turn the following adjectives into nouns ending with \" -ty\" or \" -ity\" and then vice versa. Add more words to the list. Adjective Noun

able ________________________ active ________________________ available ________________________ certain ________________________ cruel ________________________ curious ________________________ relative ________________________ ________________________ stupidity ________________________ capability ________________________ creativity ________________________ humanity ________________________ responsibility ________________________ originality ________________________ possibility ________________________ probability ________________________ specialty ________________________ visibility

________________________ ________________________

4) Complete the sentences with the words in the brackets in their noun forms. (1) The road to success is always under______________(construct) .

(2) ______(creative) is finding new things or expressing old ideas in new ways. (3) High__________ (motivate) will always beat mere talent.

(4) Winning organizations will be those that give individuals the chance to make a ________ (differ).

(5) Hard work is the best ________ (invest) a man can make.

(6) Learn to take risks and stretch beyond what you think your __________(capable). (7) Progress is the __________(active) of today and the assurance of tomorrow. (8) The Nazi war criminals were condemned for crimes against________(human). (9) _________(poor) is the root of all evils.

(10) The more a man learns, the more he sees his _________ (ignorant). (11) Misfortune tests the ________ (sincere } of friends.

(12) ___________(polite) costs nothing and gains everything.

(13) ____________(curious) keeps us moving forward, exploring new ways and opening new doors.

(14) Often those who make the worst use of their time are the first to complain about its ___________(short).

2. Give words or expressions with similar meanings.

10) to pluck 11) precisely 12) real 13) silly

14) to supervise 15) to tremble 16) to weep 17) wretched 1) to chill

2) dear (said of life)

3) delicate (said of color) 4) faint (said of voice) 5) to fling 6) great 7) to nip 8) pang

9) plot (said of land)

3. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms. for want of in return something of a

to be blind., (.blue, drunk ...) wjth to be fond of to press agaist to be compared to to linger on

1) The boy stumbled out of the room, ______________________sleep.

2) She _________her face ____________the window and saw that it had started to snow outside. 3)_________ something better to do, he decided to try gardening.

4) The government should respect people's citizen rights. And the people _______ should give the government their support.

5) In spite of the medicine, the pain _____ .

6) Our exports have increased by 20% ______ the same period of last year.

7) This young man __________ fixing things. He could fix almost everything. He was ____________jack-of-all-trades

8) _______ other industrial cities, this one is the least polluted. 9) ____________a better word, let's call this \"backdoorism\".

10) Lin Lin is more hardworking __________ many other officials.

11) Her face ___________ cold when she came back through the snowstorm.

4. Put the following into English. 1) 举行舞会 8）按下门铃 2）举行晚会 9）牺牲性命

3）举行记者招待会 10）掐去花蕾 4）埋葬宝物 11）穿透心脏 5）以手遮面 12）否认事实 6）摘下花朵 13）否认指控 7）付出代价 14）装满瓶子

5. Complete the sentences with the following phrasal verbs of ―go‖ in their proper forms.

to go b) to go on with to go up to go ahead to go on to go together go into n go over to go o to go through

1 ) Don't wait for me. You just ______________.

2) This time, we shouldn't let the chance_____________.

3) The light suddenly____________ when I was working on the computer the other day. 4) The visitors were surprised to see so many buildings___________ at the same time. 5) There is a grand opening ceremony ____________in the Workers' Stadium. 6) In spite of the opposition, he __________the plan. 7) I've ______ her paper. It is full of new ideas.

8) We didn't expect that the time taken for____________ the customs would be so long. 9) It is a long story. But I won't___________ the history of the matter.

10) The color of your hat should___________ that of your coat. This hat is brown, and your coat is red. These two colors just don't_______________.

6. Give the meanings of the underlined parts in the sentences below. Note how the meanings are different in different contexts.

1) The speaker cleared his throat before he started to talk.

2) Suddenly the rain stopped and the sky cleared. We were all overjoyed. 3) Why don't you go out for a walk to clear your head?

4) I'd like to clear my debts as quickly as possible. I don't like owing people money.

5) I'm still not quite clear about the cause of international terrorism. 6) Each prisoner was locked in a small cell.

7) Human brains have more than 100 million cells per cubic centimetre (每立方厘米). 8) Attention, please. Passengers for Shanghai are now boarding on Platform 5. 9) Mary is Party B's representative on the Board of Directors. 10) I pay $350 a month for board and lodging. 11) The boards on the floor are in need of repair.

7. Give the sentence patterns of the underlined parts in the sentences below, and then using the patterns, rewrite the sentences that follow.

\"Give me a red rose, \" she cried, \"and I will sing you my sweetest song. \" (para. 14) \"Press closer, little Nightingale, \" cried the Tree, \"or the Day will come before the rose is finished. \" (para. 37) Sentence patterns:

1) If you read Lu Xun, your mind will include a piece of Lu Xun's.

2) If you drink tomato juice for some time, you will not be afraid of seeing blood. 3) If you rest for a while, your headache will be gone.

4) If you give Jimmy too much money, he will develop some bad habit.

5) If you don't improve the quality of your product, you will lose your market.

6) If you don't punish these people severely, illegal trade in wild life will never stop. 7) If you don't take this opportunity, you will live to regret it.

8) If we don‘t stop polluting our rivers and lakes immediately, we will be in deep trouble. 8. Put in the missing words.

Music has traditionally been a recreational activity. It has recently become part of our everyday (1) __________ , including our work.

It is not easily (2)__________ but it is everywhere. Its influence is very small (3) _______ measurable. Whether in restaurants, shopping centers (4) ________

assembly lines—even farms—background or mood music can be (5) _______ almost anywhere in the United States from hushed executive offices (6) _________ noisy loading yard. One hand tool manufacturing (7) ____________ found that efficiency increased (8 )__________4. 5 % with the introduction of background music. A California fanner

discovered that such music (9) ________ nervous cattle and prevented stampedes (马群或牛群受惊奔跑) that (10) ________ to cause thousands of (11) __________ in

damage. The type of music (12) to have an impact. Department stores play (13)_______ music during the week to encourage (14) ? ____ but speed up the beat on (15)______ when the crowds are heavier. \"The music is basically designed not to (16)_______ listened to,\" says one background music man, \"but to (17)_______ a favorable mood or build a tempo to work (18) ________. \"

III. Grammar

1. Combine each pair of the sentences as shown in the example.

Example: The Teahouse is a good play. I've never seen a better Chinese play before. — The Teahouse is the best Chinese play I've ever seen. 1 ) Xiao Fang is a smart girl. I've never known a smarter girl. 2) This is a fantastic story. I've never heard a more fantastic story.

3) 15, 000 yuan is the lowest price. We can't offer anything lower than that for this laptop

4) Pearl Harbor is a very good film. I have not seen a better American film for quite a while. 5) Lin is an easy-going professor. I've never met a more easy-going professor. 6) There was a terrible storm last night. I can't remember a worse one.

7) Dialogue on CCTV is a thought-provoking talk show. I think it is better than any other talk shows CCTV offers.

8) Mr. Cui is a witty talk show host. I don‘t think you can find any wittier talk show host at the moment.

9) In the 1930s, nursing and teaching were very good jobs for capable women. They could dream of no better jobs.

10) These are delicious Korean noodles. We haven't had such good noodles for a long time.

2. Complete the sentences by translating the -Chinese in the brackets Into English, using \"all/everything etc. +a relative clause\".

1) (医生作了最大努力) to save the injured miners.

2) Much as I respect the professor, __（我并不总是同意他说的一切）.

3) Some parents can't say no to their children and never deny them _______________________ （他们所要的任何东西）.

4) (他一个星期辛勤劳动所得) was only a sack of rotten rice. 5) (他妻子信里所写的) is one word: forgiven.

6) (医生说的话没有一句 ) could shake her belief that though her son was physically crippled he was not mentally so.

7) Well take seriously _______ _ (你所提出的任何建议). 8) (他在一本通俗杂志中读到的一些东西) aroused his interest in folk medicine.

9) (能做到的都已经做了), but the patient has shown no sign of improvement.

10) (这位艺术家所画的任何作品) was eagerly sought after.

11) Each human being is born as something new, （一种以前不存在的东西）. 3. Put in the blanks proper modals listed below.____________________ can/can't | may (not) j might (not) | must/mustn't | have to

(1) In this mountain village there are still adults who____ .. read and write. (2) As a teacher, you _______ mind what you say before the children.

(3) Public servants _______ take advantage of their position for their personal interests.

(4) As the eldest son of a poor family, I _______ help support the family, and _____ start work at 15 when my father was out of a job.

(5) Once Galileo said, \"You _______ teach a man anything. You ____ only help him discover it within himself. \" (6) —________ I have another ice cream?

—No, you _______. You've had two. Too much ice cream _______ upset your stomach. (7) —What ____.... I do? My passport's stolen.

—I think you _______ tell the local police about it immediately.

(8) —I badly need a copy of yesterday's China Daily. Where do you think I _______ get one? —Why don't you go to the post office? I saw quite a few there just an hour ago. There _______ still be some.

(9) —Do you think the director ______? still be in his office? I've got something that I _______ report to him without delay.

—He _______ be there at this hour. And his car isn't where he usually parks it.

(10) —Someone's fixed our computer. Who do you think it _______ be? — It____________ be Xiao Lu. He's the expert in the department. But It _______ be somebody else. Many people have offered to help. (11) —I'm afraid I _________be going now. It's getting late. —_________ you stay a little longer?

—I'd like to. But I __________catch the last bus. —I won't keep you then.

—Good night. It's been a pleasure. 4. Put in proper prepositions.

1) He got to know his wife _____ a Marriage Bureau.

2)1 don't think it's proper to discuss such important matters _______the telephone. 3) People may not know that sometimes they act _____ their father or mother.

4) _____ a hardened businessman he never admits that sometimes he wants to cry _____ a baby. 5) He slept _____ the concert and woke up only to find everybody gone.

6) ________ the past fifteen years the coastal town has grown _______ a prosperous port.

7) The bullet went _____ the wall and fell on the man's desk.

8) What he likes to do after a day in the office is to chat with a friend or two _____ a glass of wine.

9) Patting the family dog can help you to live longer, said Jim. _____a psychologist （心理学家), he believes that pet owners suffer less _____stress and high blood pressure than people _____ a cat or dog _____ the house. _____ part of a three-year study he brought groups of people together _____ their pets. He found that their blood pressure was much lower when they were alone _____ their pets than when they were left to talk ________ each other.

10) Many patients who don't want to tell their doctor how much they really drink are often more honest _____ a computer. The computer used _________ this purpose is

programmed to be friendly. For example, if a patient called Ann says that both her parents are dead, the computer will say: \"I'm sorry to hear that, Ann. \"

expressing sympathy, the computer can also question and remind. If a patient says he never drinks alcohol, the computer can ask him: \"Never? Not even parties or __ Christmas?\" Does this direct contact ______the patients and the computer mean that we do not need doctors any more?

It depends. Computers are useful because they do not look shocked if you say you drink two bottles _____whisky a day. And they do not stop to talk ______ the phone as doctors often do. But as a doctor said: \"We smile and we give a patient a handkerchief or

put an arm _____ her shoulder if she is crying. That is why people will always want us.‖

5. Identify and correct the mistake in each of the sentences.

1) Something which a witness said during the trial has been bothering me.

2) Many parents mistakenly believe that the more toys children have, they will be more creative. 3) A house without a book is as a room without a window.

4) He was very glad to see his old friend that tears ran down his cheeks.

5) People believe that tomorrow's car will be bigger, faster, and more comfortable as before. 6) Both on land and sea, helicopters (直升飞机) have rescued many people. 7) Jim is intelligent, but not as hard-working like his sister.

8) The most humorous person whom I've ever met is my teacher of Chinese. 9)1 don't believe an old man of 80 could be so strong to knock down a door. 10) All those that the people want are lasting peace and social progress.

IV. Written Work

Describe how the Nightingale built a red rose out of music in about 150 words.

Key to the Exercises II. Vocabulary

I. Practice using the rules of word formation.

1) Examine how the compound nouns from the text are formed Work out their meanings. Add more words that are formed in the same way.

These compound nouns are formed by noun+noun.

2) Examine how the word \"sincerity\" is formed. Find out the meaning of the noun suffix \"-ty\" with the help of a dictionary. sincerity; sincere + -ity

The suffix \"-ty\from French, is used to form abstract nouns that refer to the state of having a particular quality or sth. that has that quality. e. g. certain + -ty —? certainty

Note: \"-ity\" is a variant form of \"-ty\".

3)Turn the following adjectives into nouns ending with \"-ty\" or \"-ity\" and then vice versa. Add more words to the list.

Adjective Noun Adjective Noun able ability stupid stupidity

active activity capable capability

available availability creative creativity certain certainty human humanity

cruel cruelty responsible responsibility curious curiosity original originality relative relativity possible possibility probable probability special specialty

visible visibility

4) Complete the sentence with the words in the brackets in their noun forms.

(1) construction (8) humanity

(2) Creativity (9) Poverty

(3) motivation (10) ignorance

(4) difference (11) sincerity

(5) investment (12) Politeness

(6) capabilities (13) Curiosity

(7) activity (14) shortness

2. Give words or expressions with similar meanings. 1) to freeze 10) to pick/to pull off 2) precious 11) exactly

3) soft 12) true/genuine/actual

4) low/soft/weak 13) foolish/stupid/unwise/dumb/brainless

5) to throw/to toss/to cast 14) to watch over/to look after/to control/to 6) big/gigantic/huge/large preside over/to manage/to direct/to guide 7) to cut/to cut short/to cut off/to destroy 15) to shake/to shiver/to quiver 8) ache/pain 16) to sob/to cry

9)area/field/patch/space/section/lot 17) miserable/unhappy/pitiful/unfortunate/ sorrowful/ broken-hearted

3. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms . 1) blind with 2) pressed, against 3) For want of 4) in return 5) lingered on 6) compared to

7) was fond of, something of 8) Compared to 9) For want of 10) compared to 11) was blue with

4. Put the following into English.

1) to give/hold/have a ball 8) to press the doorbell

2) to give/hold/have/throw a party 9) to sacrifice/give/lay down one's life' 3) to give a press conference 10) to nip the buds 4) to bury the treasures 11) to pierce the heart

5) to bury/cover one's face in one's hands 12) to deny the fact 6) to pluck/pick the flowers 13) to deny the charge

7) to pay the price 14) to fill up the bottle

5. Complete the sentences with the following phrasal verbs of \"go\" in their proper forms.

1) go ahead 2) go by 3) went off 4) going up

5) going on 6) went on with 7) gone over 8) going through 9) go into 10) go with, go together

6. Give the meanings of the underlined parts in the sentences below. Note how the meanings are different in different contexts.

1) 清了清（嗓子） 7）细胞 2) 放晴了 8）登机

3）清醒清醒（头脑） 9）董事（委员）会 4）还清（债务） 10）伙食 5）清楚地 11）木板 6）牢房

7. Give the sentence patterns of the underlined parts in the sentences below, and then using the patterns, rewrite the sentences that follow. Sentence patterns: imperative + and + clause imperative + or + clause

One possibility of the sentences;

1) Read Lu Xun and your mind will include a piece of his.

2) Drink tomato juice for some time and you will not be afraid of seeing blood. 3) Rest for a while and your headache will be gone.

4) Give Jimmy less money, or he will develop some bad habit.

5) Improve the quality of your product, or you will lose your market.

6) Punish these people severely, or illegal trade in wild life will never stop. 7) Take this opportunity, or you will live to regret it.

8) Stop polluting our rivers and lakes immediately, or we will be in deep trouble.

8. Put in the missing words.

(1) lives (2) noticed (3) but (4) or (5) heard (6) to (7) plant (8) by (9) calmed (10) used

(11) dollars (12) seems (13) slower (14) shopping (15) weekends (16) be (17) create (18) to

III. Grammar

1. Combine each pair of the sentences as shown in the example. 1) Xiao Fang is the smartest girl I've ever known. 2) This is the most fantastic story I've ever heard.

3) 15,000 yuan is the lowest price we can offer for this laptop.

4) Pearl Harbor is the best American film I've seen for quite a while. 5) Lin is the most easy-going professor I've ever met. 6) The storm last night was the worst I can remember.

7) I think Dialogue is the most thought-provoking talk show CCTV offers. 8) I think Mr. Cui is the wittiest talk show host you can find at the moment.

9) In the 1930s, nursing and teaching were the best jobs capable women could dream of. 10) These are the most delicious noodles we've had since a long time ago.

2. Complete the sentences by translating the -Chinese in the brackets Into English, using \"all/everything etc. +a relative clause\". 1) The doctors did all they could

2) I don't always agree with everything he says 3) anything they ask for

4) All he got from a week of hard work 5) All that is written in his wife's letter 6) Nothing the doctors said 7) anything you suggest

8) Something he read in a popular magazine 9) All that can be done is done 10) Anything the artist painted

11) something that never existed before

3. Put in the blanks proper modals listed below. (1) can't (ability) (2) must (obligation) (3) mustn't (obligation)

(4) must (obligation) , had to (necessity) (5) cannot (possibility), can (possibility)

(6) May (permission), can't (permission), might (possibility) (7) can (possibility), must (obligation)

(8) can/may (possibility), must (subject certainty)

(9) might (possibility), have to (necessity), can't (possibility) (10) could (possibility), could (possibility), might (possibility) (11) must (necessity), can't (possibility), have to (necessity)

Note: According to the Ox ford Advanced Learner's Dictionary, the 2000 edition, there

isn't much difference between \"must\" and \"have to\" in American English. The latter is more common, especially in speech. In British English there is a difference between them. \"Must\" is used to talk about what the speaker or listener wants, and \"have (got) to\" about rules, laws and other people's wishes. There are no past or future forms of \"must\".

4. Put in proper prepositions.

1) through 2) over 3) like 4) As, like

5) through 6) Over/In/During, into 7) through 8) over

9) As, from, without, around. As, with, with, to

10) with, for, Besides/Apart from, at, at, between, of, on round/around

5. Identify and correct the mistake in each of the sentences.

1) Something (that) a witness said during the trial has been bothering me.

2) Many parents mistakenly believe that the more toys children have, the more creative they will be.

3) A house without a book is like a room without a window.

4) He was 50 glad to see his old friend that tears ran down his cheeks.

5) People believe that tomorrow's car will be bigger, faster, and more comfortable than before. 6) Both on land and at sea, helicopters have rescued many people. 7) Jim is intelligent, but not as hard-working as his sister.

8) The most humorous person (that) I've ever met is my teacher of Chinese. 9) I don't believe an old man of 80 could be so strong as to knock down a door. 10) All that the people want are lasting peace and social progress.

IV. Written Work

Describe how the Nightingale built a red rose out of music in about 150 words.

Sample:

When the moon rose, the Nightingale set her breast against the thorn of (he Rose-tree. She sang of the love between a boy and a girl and a white rose blossomed. The Tree urged the Nightingale to press closer against the thorn to finish the rose before dawn. The Nightingale did as she was told and the thorn went deeper. She sang of the passion in the soul of a man and a \"woman and the rose turned pink. The Tree told the Nightingale to press still closer because the heart of the rose remained white. She obeyed. She sang of the love that was perfected by death but did not die in death. Throughout the night, the Nightingale sang. Her song grew louder and louder while her pain became bitter and bitter. Finally the thorn reached her heart and she died, but the rose was finished. It was red all over, petal and heart. (155 words)

Lesson Five Say Yes

I. Discuss the following questions. (Work in groups of three.)

Do you personally approve of \"mixed marriages\"? What is the opinion of your group? What problems might there be in mixed marriages? What strengths or advantages might there be in mixed marriages? Be prepared to summarize your group's ideas to me class. II. Vocabulary

1. Practice using the rules of word formation.

1) Examine how the words \" Statistics\" and \" basic\" are formed. Find out the meanings of the suffixes \" -ics\" and \" -ic\" with the help of a dictionary.

The suffix ―ics‖ is used to form. It means . The suffix ―ic‖ or its variant form ―ical‖ is used to form , meaning .

2) Translate the following into English giving both the noun and the adjective. Add more words to the list.

3) Translate these sentences. Observe how adjectives are used as verbs. (1) They were doing the dishes, his wife washing while he dried. (para. 1) (2) She waited until the audience gradually quieted down. (3) Wrongs must be righted once they are discovered.

(4) The train slowed down gradually as it came near to the destination. (5) His hair was beginning to thin out. (6) You should not idle away your time.

(7) I busied myself with this new textbook during the vacation.

(8) It is natural for young people to look for opportunities to better themselves. (9) When anger blindsthe mind, truth disappears.

(10) The rescue team bravedthe storm to reach the sinking ship.

(11) These pills can only dull your pain. They do not cure your headache. 4)Complete the sentences based on the Chinese in the brackets. (1) Ann's answer to the question was quite _______(逻辑的).

(2) William Faulkner's novels have been praised for their _______ (带诗意的)qualities. (3) This will make the plan less _______(浪漫的) and more _______(切合实际的). (4) We are all ______(乐观) about the future.

(5) Population statistics are beginning to reveal a ______(戏剧性的) imbalance between the sexes.

(6) His unhappy experience has made him rather ______(玩世不恭的). He does not trust anyone and has few friends.

(7) _______ (经济学) and ______(统计学) are the main subjects we are studying. (8) Shakespeare's plays are literary ______ (经典作品).

(9) The economic boom and recession is a ______(周期性的) occurrence. (10) The mountain scenery is ______(典型的) of that country. 5)Give the verb form of the following nouns. (1) appreciation(8) repetition (2) argument(9) supposition (3) breath(10) explanation

(4) congratulation(11) admission (5) consideration(12) comparison (6) demonstration(13) contribution (7) pressure(14) debate

(15) estimation(19) explosion (16) production(20) certification (17) prosecution(21) civilization (18) supervision(22) penetration

2. Recast the sentences, replacing the underlined parts with the expressions listed below in their proper forms

at a (terrific, steady, slow ..,) rate

(to do sth.) out of concern (pity ...) for sb. to break up to come up with

for Christ‘s (sb.‘s) sake to blur sth out

1) Mr. Yang has hit upon an idea of mixing classical music with pop music.

2) Their marriage ended after they had had many clashes over some important issues. 3) It was you who lent me money and found me a job when I was almost desperate. 4) We must explore ways to save natural resources for the interests of our children.

5) Last summer, my mother bought my -year-old grandfather an air-conditioner to make him comfortable. But it almost killed him.

6) Sally felt sorry that she was busy with her work when he was hospitalized and needed her most. She promised that she would do everything she could for him some day.

7) Thanks to our family planning measures, our population growth has steadily slowed down. 8) The heavy fog made it difficult for us to see ahead clearly.

9) You shouldn't marry somebody simply because you pity him. Love and pity are two different things.

10) The two economists have thought of a new theory on inflation.

3. Fill In the blanks with appropriate prepositions or adverbs. 1) ______a matter of fact, things are getting better and better.

2) By refusing to take our advice, they found themselves ______a dilemma. 3) Many people of his age don‘t like office work, but it seems okay ____him.

4) 1‘ll fax Shen Hong to congratulate her ______her appointment as CEO (chief executive officer) of a consultant firm.

5) Being tired ______ restaurant food, they cook their meals and eat at home on weekends. 6) It's risky to start ______a business without good preparation. 7) —Has David started ______? —No. He's waiting for Amy outside.

8) It would be lovely if we could camp in a forest, build a fire, pitch a tent and wake up next morning ______the sound of birds singing.

9) Put ______ all the things on the desk, including the books and dictionaries. The guest might come any time.

10) We were angry ______them ______laughing at us.

11) The boys pitched ______and we cleaned ______the classroom in no time. 12) She is always complaining ______her health. Now she is ______it again. 4. Supply two or three verbs/phrasal verbs for the nouns/noun phrases. 1) to_____________________________ a deep breath

2) to______________________________ a reasonable tone 3) to___________________________one's ability

4) to ______________________________one's indifference 5) to ______________________________one's brows 6) to________________________one‘s courage

7) to an argument

8) to ______________________________the dishes 9) to_______________________________ an effect 5. Choose the right word and put It in the proper form. 1) ? tone? tune

(1)1 like the _______of his letter. It's so friendly.

(2) My roommates often make fun of me when I sing out of ____

(3)1 didn‘t hear what they were saying. Both of them spoke in a very low 2)? problem? question

(1) What's your ______? You look so worried.

(2) Please let me finish. Then I'll be happy to answer your ______. (3) I'm not talking about money. Money is not a ______. (4) On the ______of style, I will make no comment.

(5) The ______with the committee is where to find the right people to cany out its decision. 3)?terrible?terrific

(1) Being looked down upon was a experience.

(2) Will you see to it that the concert tonight is videotaped? I hear the singers are. (3) That music is ___. It's so noisy. It gives me a headache. 4)? ashamed?shameful

(1) Grey looked _____when he was criticized for his sloppy work.

(2)1 was shocked that he didn't think of cheating at exams as something

(3) He is one of those who regard the Japanese invasion of Asian countries as the most_______page in the history of their country.

6. Give the verb pattern of the underlined part, and then using the pattern, complete the sentences listed below.

He squeezed it to see how deep the wound was. (para. 18) Verb pattern: 1) Rebecca left home early in the morning ________________________ 2) Many people study history 3) Mark Twain used his pen

4) We invited the Nelsons to China

5) Since last July, they have released 20 political prisoners 6) The company lowered the prices of its products 7) Mr. Piao donated another 200,000 yuan

8) During the Mid-autumn Festival, we used to eat moon cakes 9) I heard a terrible sound outside. I opened the window

10) Every year, the government sends many doctors to those poor areas 11) I guessed that she decided to quit school 12) Their president will cancel his visit 7. Put in the missing words.

There is an American dish called \"chop suey (炒饭)\". It is noodles (1)with chopped vegetables and meat. \"Chop suey\" (2)______said to have been first(3) ______in San Francisco by a Chinese immigrant (4) ______. He simply stir-fried the leftovers (剩饭剩菜) from the day before. When asked (5)______it was, he replied, \"Chop suey, \" and (6)______then \"chop suey\" has been (7)______as an authentic Chinese dish in Chinese restaurants there.

In the greater Boston area. there is (8)______called \"American chop suey\". It is

macaroni (通心面), tomato sauce and ground beef (9)—————— varying proportions, all of (10)—————— is baked together. Bostonians seem to like it very much (11)—————— I find the taste unpleasant.

In (12) ——————— 1950s there was a musical comedy (13) ——————— The Flower-Drum Song. It is about Chinese-Americans in San Francisco. In it, one of the (14) ——————— sings a song called \"ChopSuey\". It (15)——————the line \"Everything in America is all mixed like chop suey\".

This is just one example of one (16)—————— of American culture. In (17)_____, American culture is a product of many (18)—————— cultures mixed together.

III. Grammar

1. Practice \"the way ...\".

Rewrite these sentences using \"the way ...\" as shown in the examples, inserting an appropriate adjective where necessary.

Example 1: He talked as if he knew everything. I didn't like it, —? I didn‘t like the way he talked.

Example 2: The people in the town treated the newcomers very well. The newcomers were touched.

—>? The newcomers were touched by the way the people in the town treated them. (1) The professor treats all his students alike. He is respected for this.

(2) Jim faced his incurable (不能治愈的) disease bravely. His attitude impressed all those who knew him.

(3) The stranger looked at me closely. His look made me uncomfortable. (4) The man couldn't be a carpenter. He used a screwdriver clumsily. (5) Watch your teacher's lips carefully. Say the word in the same way

(6) I do not disagree with what he said. But he said it so rudely. That's what I can‘t tolerate.

(7) These children constantly help one another. This shows what human relations should be like. (8) People are anxiously watching how things will work out in their country.

(9) They dramatically settled the dispute (\"IMS}) between labor and management. This surprised the public.

(10) The policeman discussed the case frankly with the criminal's parents. This convinced them that they should cooperate.

(11) He walked awkwardly. I could tell that something was wrong with his leg.

(12) They talked cautiously. This. showed that they were keeping something from her. 2. Practice noun clauses beginning with wh-words.

Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets.

(1) Do you know—————————————————————(词典是怎样编写的吗)? (2) The driver couldn’t find————————————————— (汽车出了什么毛病). (3) Robert wanted his father to know ———————————— (他是多么爱他父亲). (4) The boy reached into the hole to see ——————————————— (洞有多深). (5) He didn’t mention_________________ (会议将于何时何地举行).

(6) Many of Anna's friends didn‘t understand ————————————————————

（她为什么在７２岁高龄时来中国）

(7) That was __________________ (我投票反对再建核电站的原因). (8) That's _____________________ (我们今后五年打算做的事情). (9) That was ____________________ （我们是怎样打进海外市场的). (10) That's exactly _______________________ (你的错误之所在).

3. Rewrite the sentences using the \"with + noun + preposition phrase/participle/ adjective\" construction.

Example 1: When I sleep I like to keep the windows open. ? I like to sleep with the windows open.

Example 2: When he arrived in New York, he had only two dollars in his pocket. —*? He arrived in New Yorkwith only two dollars in his pocket.

Example 3: As the final exams are approaching, the students are busy reviewing their lessons. —?? With the final exams approaching, the students are busy reviewing their lessons. 1) The professor walked into the classroom. He had a few books under his arm. 2) The guard was sleeping in a chair. He had a gun in his hand.

3) Under the bridge, the police found a man lying dead. There was a knife in his chest. 4) When he walked out of the boss's office, his head was held high.

5) When a guest arrived, the hostess greeted him/her politely, and there was a smile on her face. 6) In September, the school came to life again when children were playing and running on the playground.

7) The Mid-autumn Festival is only a month away. Shops are promoting their moon cakes. 8) Their children are grown up and gone. So the old couple sometimes feel lonely.

9) Now that,they had finished all the packing, the family could sit down and have some tea. 10) The old woman moved slowly in the snow. She was carrying a big bag on her shoulder.

4. Put in articles where necessary. When no article is needed put in a slash \"/\".

1) _____pessimist (悲观者) is _____person who always expects _____bad things to happen. 2) People believe that _____ car of tomorrow will be _____ open air car with no doors and windows. It won't need _____ pollution control system because it won't use _____gas.

3) _____ computer system can do nothing until it has been given _____ instructions. _____ sets of _____ instructions or _____ programs which must be put into _____ computer so that it can be used are called _____ software.

4) _____ litter is _____ garbage—like _____ food, _____ paper, and _____ cans—thrown on _____ ground or in _____ street. Where many people live together, _____ litter is _____ problem. People don't always leave their garbage in _____ garbage can. It's easier to drop _____ garbage than to find _____ garbage can for it. When it's windy, _____ wind sends _____ pieces of paper everywhere. When they blow against _____ fence, they stay there. This fence then becomes wall of garbage.

5) Yesterday _____ rescue workers pulled _____ man, _____ woman, and two children from _____ stream. _____ trouble started when _____ woman, _____ Mrs. Lewis was driving her daughters home from _____ school. She lost _____ control of her car on _____ winding mountain road. _____ car fell into _____ water. _____ man, _____ truck driver, almost died when he tried to save them. When _____ rescue workers arrived, first they pulled _____ four people— _____

mother, _____ little girls, and _____ truck driver—out of _____ car through _____ back window. IV. Written work

Answer the question in about 130 words.

What have you learned about the married life of the couple?

Key to the exercises II. Vocabulary

1. Practice using the rules of word formation

1) Examine how the words \"statistics\" and \"basic\" are formed. Find out the meanings of the suf-fixes \"-ics\" and \"-ic\" with the help of a dictionary.

The suffix \"-ics\

The suffix \"-ic\ical\" is used to form adjectives, meaning ―of or concern-‖

2) Translate the following into English giving both the noun and the adjective. Add more words to the list.

NounAdjective A

数学mathematics mathematical 统计学statisticsstatistic

经济学economicseconomic(cal) 物理学physicsphysical 政治学politicspolitical 力学mechanicsmechanical

3) Translate these sentences. Observe how adjectives are used as verbs in the following sen-ences . (1) 他们正在洗碗碟，他妻子洗，由他擦干。 （2）他等着让听众逐渐安静下来。 （3）不公正的事一旦发现就该纠正。 （4）列车在驶近目的地时逐渐慢了下来。 （5）他开始谢顶。 （6）你不该虚度光阴。

（7）我假期一直在忙这本新课本。

（8）年轻人想找机会改善自己的地位很自然。 （９）一旦脑子气糊涂，真理就不见了。 （１０）救护队冒着风浪危险去接近沉船．

（１１）这些药片只能减轻一些痛苦，治不了你的头脑． 4) Complete the sentences based on the Chinese in the brackets.

(1) logical(2) poetic(3) romantic, realistic(4) optimistic (5) dramatic(6) cynical(7) Economics, statistics(8) classics (9) periodical(10) typical ５）Give the verb form of the following nouns

(1) appreciate(2) argue(3) breathe(4) congratulate(5) consider

(6) demonstrate(7) pressure(8) repeat(9) suppose(10) explain (11) admit(12) compare(13) contribute(14) debate(15) estimate

(16) produce(17) prosecute(18) supervise(19) explode(20) certificate (21) civilize(22) penetrate

2. Recast the sentences, replacing the underlined parts with the expressions listed below in their proper forms.

1)has come up with

4)for the sake of our children 6)make it up to him

8)blurred the things ahead out 2) broke up3) came to my aid 5) out of concern for him

7) our population has grown at a slow rate 9) out of pity10) come up with

3. Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions or adverbs. 1) As2) in 3) with4) on5) of6) up (or without a preposition) 7) out/along 8) at 9) away 10) with, for 11) in, up 12) about, at

4. Supply two or three verbs/phrasal verbs/for the nouns/noun phrases. 1) draw/take 2) take/use

3) demonstrate/develop 4) demonstrate/show 5) knit/pinch/raise 82

6) demonstrate/show/muster

7) consider/go on with/put forward/ repeat/support/win 8) do/dry/pile/hold

9) achieve/bring about/feel/ have

5. Choose the right word and put it in the proper form. 1) (1) tone(2) tune(3) tone

2) (1) problem(2) question(3) problem(4) problem/question(5) problem 3) (1) terrible(2) terrific(3) terrible 4) (1) ashamed2) shameful(4)shameful

6. Give the verb pattern of the underlined part, and then using the pattern, complete the sentences listed below.

Verb pattern: vt. + n. /pron. + to-infinitive (phrase) used as adverbial of purpose

7. Put in the missing words.

(1)mixed (5)what

(9)in

(13)called (17)fact (2) was/is (6) since (10) which

(14) characters (18) different (3) introduced/invented (7) known (11) although (15) includes (4) cook

(8) something (12) the (16) aspect

III. Grammar

1. Practice ―the way…‖

Rewrite these sentences using \" the way ...\" as shown in the examples, inserting an appropri-ate adjective where necessary.

(1) The professor is respected for the way he treats all his students.

(2) All those who knew Jim were impressed by the brave way he faced his incurable disease. (3) The way the stranger looked at me made me uncomfortable.

(4) The way the man used a screwdriver showed that he couldn't be a carpenter. (5) Watch your teacher's lips carefully and say the word the way she does. (6) I agree with what he said, but I can't tolerate the rude way he said it. 84

(7) The sincere way these children help one another shows, in a way, what human relations should be like.

(8) People are anxiously watching the way things will work out in their country.

(9) The public was surprised by the dramatic way they settled the dispute between labor and management.

(10) The frank way the policeman discussed the case with the criminals' parents convinced them that they should cooperate.

(11) From the awkward way he walked, I could tell that something was wrong with his leg. (12) The cautious way they talked showed that they were keeping something from her.

2. Practice noun clauses beginning with wh-words.

Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets. (1) how dictionaries are made (2) what was wrong with the car (3) how much he loved his father (4) how deep it was

(5) when and where the conference would be held (6) why she returned to China at age 72/the age of 72

(7) why I voted against building any more nuclear power stations

(8) what we're going to do in the next five years.

(9) how we occupied/entered/gained access to overseas markets (10) where you're wrong

3. Rewrite the sentences using the―with + noun + preposition phrase/participle/adjective‖ construction

1) The professor walked into the classroom with a few books under his arm. 2) The guard was sleeping in a chair with a gun in his hand.

3) Under the bridge, the police found a man lying dead, with a knife in his chest. 4) He walked out of the boss's office with his head held high.

5) When a guest arrived, the hostess greeted him/her politely, with a smile on her face.

6) In September, the school came to life again, with children playing and running on the play-ground.

7) With the Mid-autumn Festival only a month away, shops are promoting their moon cakes. 8) With their children grown up and gone, the old couple sometimes feel lonely. 9) With all the packing finished, the family could now sit down and have some tea. 10) With a big bag on her shoulder, the old woman moved slowly in the snow.

4. Put in articles where necessary. When no article is needed put in a slash‖/‖ 1) A, a, / 2) the, an, a, /

3) A, /, The, /, /, a, /

4) /, /, /, /, /, the, the, /, a, the/a, a, a, the, /, a, a

5) /, a, a, a, The, the, a, /, /, a. The, the, The, a, the, the, the, the, the, the, the IV. Written work

Answer the question in about 130 words: What have you learned about the married life of the couple ? Sample:

The couple are probably in their late 50's or early 60's, and they have been married for thirty years. They thought they love each other and know each other well. But like many other cou-ples, they actually have some serious disagreements on some important issues, which sometimes make them feel like strangers. The wife is a woman of principle. She can not tolerate racism for example. So when her husband shows his racist attitude toward blacks she is very upset. They start arguing. The husband tries to please his wife finally by pretending to have changed his view. But she refuses to be footed. Once again, they feel like strangers to each other. The story shows that racism can exist in subtle ways and that for a successful marriage husband and wife should share the basic values. (136 words)

Lesson Six The Man in the Water

I. Discuss the following questions:

We find heroes in all societies and cultures and at all times. How do you account for that? Many people think that.heroes are \"made of special materials\but the author seems to suggest that

every one of us has the capacity to be a hero. What do you think of these views? II. Vocabulary

1. Practice using the rules of word formation.

1) Examine how the words \" Immovable\" and \" Incapable\" ore formed. Find out the meaning of the prefixes \"Im-\" and \"in-\" with the help of a dictionary. immovable: + incapable: +

2) Turn the following words into the opposite by adding either ―im-‖ or ―in-‖ or ―un-‖.Add more words to the list. (1) able (16) formal

(2) adequate (17) fortunate (3) adequate (18) important (4) avoidable (19) just (5) balance (20) material (6) believable (21) measuable (7) comfortable (22) patient (8) competent (23) perfect (9) complete (24) personal (10) conditional (25) pleasant (11) countable (26) popular (12) credible (27) possible (13) curable (28) significant (14) direct (29) valuable (15) equal (30) visible

3) Complete the sentences with the words in the brackets in their proper forms. (1) The well of_________ (create) never runs dry as long as you go to it. (2) I think________ (imagine) is more important than knowledge.

(3) No matter what __________(achieve) you have made, somebody has helped you.

(4) Man's mind once stretched by a new idea will never return to its ________ (origin) size. (5) What the caterpillar (毛毛虫) calls \"the end\ (6) Disappointment is the nurse of _________ _(wise).

(7) It is true the __________ (present) is coloured by the past. It is also true you can choose the colours of the future.

(8) A smile is a __________ (silence) laugh, and a laugh is the music of __________(happy). , (9) A person who makes a mistake and _______(fail) to correct it will make another in future. (10) __________ (confident) makes us do things well but it is love that makes us do them to perfection.

(11) Good temper is like a ____________ (sun) day, it sheds its __________(bright) everywhere. 2. Give the opposite of the following. 1) employee 10) universal 2) to fasten 11) deep 3) good (n.) 12) to dress 4) identified 13) thoroughly 5) indifferent 14) to admit

6) movable 15) bride 7) personal 16) precious 8) responsible 17) silly 9) selflessness

3. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms.

on behalf of to account for to be known as to be responsible for to stick in the /sb.'s mind to refer to to come to the conclusion to care about

1) The Palace Museum, also __________the Forbidden City, was built in the Ming Dynasty.

2) She comes from a peasant family and was born and brought up in the countryside. This probably __________ her intense interest in the reform in China's countryside. 3) I'm sure that opening ceremony will- ______ people's ___for a long time.

4) The word \"terrorist\" should be well-defined. We can't ___________someone who fights for national independence or freedom as a terrorist.

5) After he analyzed me complicated situation there, he __________ that it wouldn't be so easy to find\" a peaceful settlement.

6) __________laid-off workers, he strongly suggested that a greater effort be made to have them reemployed.

7) They refused to take the money, which showed that there are still a lot of decent people in 'this world who ____more ______their good name.

8) How do you __________the fact that so many young people are crazy about this novel?

9) We are planning an open-book exam which allows learners to __________ their textbook and notes, as well as dictionaries.

10) Yes, the owner of that coal mine ______the death of the 43 miners. But no one can yet __________the fact that the owner dared to hide the facts for so long. 4. Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions or adverbs.

1) Traditionally Chinese people liked to describe the nation a large family.

2) They all say that they owe the improvement of their life in recent years ____ the new railway. 3) These terrible sandstorms brought the whole nation ____attention,

4) ____times of economic difficulties, it is the poor people who usually go _____ first. 5) It's not true that all people do things ____self interest.

6) I laughed____my friend. But a half-drunk young man thought I was laughing____ him. So he went ____me.

7) This kind of cold-blooded mass murder can only set them ____ the whole civilized world. 8) She is clinging the hope that her husband may still be alive.

9) Although the enemy had better weapons, we had popular support. Therefore we were able to hold them ____ a standoff.

10) ____his nervousness, he kept shaking my hand and wouldn't let go ____it. im-

5. Put the Chinese into English.

１） １２）善恶之分 ２）人性 １３）总统纪念碑 ３）机尾部分 １４）典型的场合 ４）大冰块 １５）普遍的特性

５）救生圈 １６）公认的英雄 ６）安全带 １７）情感上的震撼 ７）文化冲突 １８）交通高峰期

８）９１１航班 １９）久久无法忘怀的奇迹 ９）机械故障 ２０）佛罗里达航空公司 １０）受伤人员 ２１）责任所在；应该做的 １１）伤人的话 ２２）在有大批人伤亡的事件中 6. Complete the sentences based on the Chinese in the brackets.

1) It was a cold and foggy day and the plane ___________ (撞了桥), killing most of the passengers and the crew.

2) Many times they_________(冒着生命危险) to look for survivor. 3) You will be fined if you don’t （系好安全带）while driving. 4) When he is extremely angry, Harris is likely to (说出愚蠢的话).

5) He tried many times to (考验他们的忠诚) before he sent them on the suicidal mission. 6) Peng Sha (作了漂亮的演说) on that occasion

7) These brave people were ready to （向死亡挑战）.

8) Every year we plant trees to stop the desert. But the desert keeps advancing. We seem to be___________(输了这场战斗). '

9) To encourage home consumption, we have ___________（降息) seven times in the past three years.

10) You have to ___________ (明确区分) between short-term interests and long-term interests.

11) We can walk right across the river from October to March when the winter cold ___________(将水冰冻).

12) They sent ground troops into that country. But very soon they began to ___ (后悔这一举动). They knew they could not win the war.

13) The scientists have __________ (试验这种药) on animals. But that's not enough.

7. Complete the sentences using the idiomatic expressions of \"hand\" listed below.

in one's hand off hand out of hand on one's hands on the one hand

to give sb. a free hand out of one's hand on the other hand

to get /gain /have the upper hand

1) I‘m sorry I don‘t know her phone number _____ . I‘ll go and check and tell you later. 2) The house is too far away from where I work, but, __________, it's cheap. 3) I think we ought to and let him carry on the experiment as he thinks best. 4) Which side after months of fierce struggle?

5) The situation there now is ______. The authorities admit matt they are facing a civil war. 6) Don‘t ask me. It's ___________. Fei Jia is now in charge.

7) We have too many problems _____. We must deal with them one by one. 8) At that time, Nanjing was still __________of the Japanese troops.

9) __________they must punish the terrorists. But __________they cannot afford to offend all the Muslims. It is very delicate business.

8. Give the meanings of the underlined parts in the sentences below. Note how the meanings are different in different contexts. 1) You just press this button to start the engine. 2) Will you please press the trousers and tie for me? 3) Determined to win the competition, we pressed hard.

4) We are not going to check in a hotel. We will just pitch a tent in the mountain. 5) It was pitch-dark outside.

6) She pitched the ball as fast as she could.

7) We all pitched in and finished the task ahead of time. 8) Sugar is sold by the pound.

9) Mary pounded the door with her fists.

10) Nellie was very nervous. She could almost hear her heart pounding. 11) This dress cost me 100 pounds. / 12) He seemed odd in some ways.

13) He gets an odd job sometimes, but he can never make enough money to support his family. 14) We have Intensive Reading on odd days.

9. Give the verb pattern of the underlined part in the sentence below, list other possible verbs, and then put the Chinese Into English, using the pattern and the verbs in the brackets.

... it takes the act of the man in the water to remind us of our true feelings in the matter, (para. 8) Verb pattern:

Other possible verbs:

1) 你们有没有把他的健康状况通知他的家人？(inform) 2) 剧中主要人物的故事使我想起了我的童年。 (remind) 3) 他骗到了他叔叔的财产后不久就死去了。 (cheat) 4) 她相信按摩能治好她的头疼。 (cure)

5) 警方提供了确凿证据，指控他杀了自己的父亲。(accuse) 6) 最后我们是他信服将出现的问题。 (convince)

7) 我在回家的路上帮忙抓住了一个抢老人钱包的小偷。 (rob) 8) 罗伯特被怀疑参与了这起阴谋。. (suspect) 12. Put in the missing words,

Cynthia Costelle, a full-time student at Wesleyan College in Macon, Georgia was shocked

to (l)______ that three out of five people in Bibb County were functionally illiterate. So she (2)______ Wesleyan Volunteers Against Illiteracy. ?

A man Cynthia (3) _________was Gary, a 42-year-old carpenter. He was (5) ______ eager to leam that Cynthia (6) ______ to prepare extra homework for him. (7)______ he missed a word, he (g)______ get angry with himself and say, \"(9)______not perfect!\"

After six months (10)_______ plowing through lessons, Gary made his dream (11) ___—&-—_ true. With the help of a dictionary, he (12) three pages about the time he (13)_______ down a mountainside in Germany and clung for life on a (14) ______branch.

Usually shy, Gary was (15) ________ to show Cynthia his story this time. (16) ______rolled

down her cheeks (17) she read it. In (18)______ interview, Cynthia told the reporter that (19) ______Monday, Wednesday and Friday after a 10-hour shift (20) ______ work, he met her at Project Re,ad in Macon. What (21) ______ in Germany was moving, but (22) ______ as moving as what was happening (23)______there. III. Grammar

1. Complete each of the sentences with an indefinite pronoun beginning with any/ some / every /no, add ―‘s‖ or ―else('s)‖ where necessary.

1) ? anybody/anyone ? somebody/someone ? everybody/everyone ? nobody/no one (1) A boy rushed into the police headquarters and demanded to see \"______very important\". .\"

(2) \"Do you need ______to paint your house?\" asked the boy, (3) Next time you need money, dont snatch my purse, nor______.

(4) ______on campus except me knew that the professor had five sets ofexaminations, which he used in turn.

(5) I looked up and found that ______had stopped talking, and was staring at me silently. ______stirred.

(6) She went to her room alone. She would not let ______follow her. (7) She opened the window and heard ______singing far away.

(8) From now on there would be ___to live for, she thought. She would live for herself alone. (9) ______in my family ever told me that I was fat and that I should be on a diet.

(10) At that time, I had a good job, a nice apartment and a happy family. What more could ______want?

(11) I didn‘t want ______to become suspicious.

(12) There's______shameful about being wrong. ______can be right all the time. (13) ______is of some use, even if ______more than to serve as a negative example. (14) No opportunity is lost— ______picks up the ones you miss.

(15) ______in our class went to-the new movie but _______enjoyed it very much. 2) ? anything ?something ?everything ?nothing

(1) I was disappointed, but I said _______and began to work immediately.

(2) Before my interview with Ms. Chen, I read ______I could find about her legendary life story. (3) Could you change my red hair to ______less noticeable? (4) Doing______means death. Activity means life.

(5) Hie woman did not ask about his family, or ______that would embarrass him.

(6) The boy wanted to say ______besides thank you to the old man, but he was too deeply moved to say ______.

(7) When it was announced that I was the winner of the award, for the first time in three months I felt that I had achieved ______.

(8) Jim's mother decided to hide ______from him about his illness -so that he could express openly whatever he feels.

(9) The factory owners were impressed by the quality of the equipment, but couldn't afford to buy ______the salesmen demonstrated.

(10) The doctors told her that her son was beyond hope and that ______could be done for him. (11) Thank you for _______ you‘ve done for us during our stay in China.

(12) If you spend most of the time dreaming of tomorrow and regretting yesterday, you won't find

a great deal of time left for doing ______ today.

(13) ______ my sister was drawing attracted my \"attention. I had never seen her draw _______ like it before.

(14) Another person's good opinion of you is ______ to live up to, not to lean on.

(15) I did what others would have done under the circumstances. It's ______ compared with what the four heroes did.

3) Put in indefinite pronouns beginning with any / some / every / no.

This is a story about four people called Everybody, Somebody, Nobody, and Anybody. There was an important job to be done and ______ was asked to do it. But ______ knew ______ could do it as it was not so difficult and thought that ______ really ought to do it. As it turned out ______ did it and -______ was very angry because______ had done what______ could have done and ______ should have done.

2. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets into English, using a that-clause.

1) Toward the end of the term students will suddenly realize _________________(时间在流逝). 2) ___________________ (他是重要人物的亲戚这一情况) wont change our opinion of him. 3) I'm not ashamed that I work for a garbage collection company. I believe we're doing a service ————————————————. (人民需要的).

4) What I told the boy was ______________________________(大学使其学生接触人类成就之精华).

5) Everyone in our school was overjoyed to hear the news

_______________________________.(北京取得了2008年奥运会的举办权).

6) _________________________ (有人居然会相信这种胡言乱语) seems to me unthinkable. 7) The idea__________________ (妇女的智力不如男子) is deeply rooted in our culture and hard to shake off.

8) I have a feeling _____________________________________(有相当一些家长不喜欢自己十来岁孩子穿着).

9) He would like to have his ashes scattered over the sea—a wish————————————— ____________________(表现出他对自由与活动的热爱).

3. Answer the questions on the four heroes in the disaster, using modals. Give as many answers as you can. .

1) Was Lenny Skutnik told to jump into the water to rescue an injured woman? 2) Why did he do it?

3) Was he previously aware that he was capable of such a heroic deed?

4) How did the two men of the park police helicopter team account for their behavior? 5) How old do you think the unidentified hero was at the time?

6) Do you think he was anything out of the ordinary among the passengers?

7) Do you think he was aware of what would happen to him if he kept pushing the flotation rings to others?

8) How would you account for his behavior? 9) Can you describe what kind of a man he was?

10) How do you think it might have been possible to save the man? (use \"if\") 4. Put In the correct form of the verbs in the brackets.

1) The police ______ (examine) the room carefully and -_____ (conclude) that more than five

people ——— (be) there watching a video.

2) The drug dealers —— (watch) by the Public Security men for a week before they _____. (capture).

3) When I _____ (tell) him that he (select) for the national swimming team, he _____ (not take) me seriously, and thought I (joke).

4) In an office information (sent, receive, change), and______(store). Offices _____ (not change ) much for many years after the typewriter and the telephone _____ (invent). Recently, however, computers _____ (quickly change) the look of the average office.

5) The most usual way of _____ (get) information from one place to another (be) _____ (write) it down on paper and _____ (send) it off ____ (use) the postal service. This often _____ (take) at least a couple of days. For many services such as inquiries and ordering and so on the telephone _____ (already take over) from the postal service.

6) Most High Streets and shopping centers _____ (have) at least one \"fast food\" restaurant. As the name_____ (suggest) these_____(design)____ (sell) meals or snacks quickly and cheaply to large numbers of people. They (be) able _____ (do) this because they _____ (have) only a few items on the menu, for example, chips, fried fish, hamburgers, etc., and they ____ (cook) food very quickly from _____ (prepare) ingredients.

5. Identify and correct the mistake in each of the sentences. 1) Every one in our class went to the international book fair.

2) Everyone of their new products became popular soon after it was launched.

3) The Chinese Delegation expressed the hope which the two sides would soon stop fighting in the area.

4) I suggest that you first read the novel which the film is based. 5)1 don't like the way which he speaks to his patients. 6) Is there someone in the office?

7)1 think it was the director's fault, and nobody is responsible for the disaster. 8) Has anyone got important something to say? 9) Li Ying mustn't be in the library.

10) People don‘t need to understand how does their brain work to be able to talk, write, etc. IV. Written work

Describe the plane crash briefly in about 130 words, with emphasis on the behavior of \"the man in the water\"

Key to the exercises II.Vocabulary

1. Practice using the rules of word formation.

1) Examine how the words \"immovable\" and \"incapable\" are formed. Find out the meanin of the prefixes \" im-\" and \"in-\" with the help of a dictionary. The prefix \"in-\" meaning \"not\ in- + capable -- incapable = not capable

The prefix \"im-\e.g.

im- + possible -- impossible = not possible

2) Turn the following words into the opposite by adding either \" im-\

words to the list. (1) unable (2) inadequate (3) unavailable (4) unavoidable (5) imbalance (6) unbelievable (7) uncomfortable (8) incompetent (9) incomplete (10) unconditional (11) uncountable (12) incredible (13) incurable (14) indirect (15) unequal (16) informal (17) unfortunate (18) unimportant (19) unjust (20) immaterial (21) immeasurable (22) impatient (23) imperfect (24) impersonal (25) unpleasant (26) unpopular (27) impossible (28) insignificant (29) invaluable (30) invisible

3) Complete the sentences with the words in the brackets in their proper forms. (1) creativity (2) imagination (3) achievement (4) original (5) beginning (6) wisdom (7) present (8) silent, happiness (9) fails (10) Confidence (11) sunny, brightness

2. Give the opposites of the following.

1) employer 2) to unfasten 3) evil 4) unidentified 5) interested

6) immovable 7) impersonal 8) irresponsible 9) selfishness 10) particular 11) shallow 12) to undress 13) incompletely 14) to deny 15) bridegroom 16) cheap 17) clever

3. Completely the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms. 1) known as 2) accounts for/is responsible for 3) stick in, mind 4) refer to 5) came to the conclusion 6) On behalf of

7) care, about 8) account for 9) refer to 10) was responsible for, account for

4. Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions or adverbs. 1) as 2) to 3) to 4) In, under 5) out of 60 at, at, at 7) against 8) to 9) to 10) In, of 5. Put the Chinese into English. 1) air crash

2) human nature/human character 3) tail section of the airplane 4) chunks of ice 5) flotation ring 6) seat belt

7) cultural clash 8) Flight 911

9) mechanical failure 10) injured people 11) harsh remark

12) distinction of good and evil 13) presidential monument

14) classic circumstance/typical situation 15) universal character 16) acknowledged hero 17) emotional impact

18) a moment of high traffic 19) enduring wonder 20) Air Florida

21) in the line of duty 22) in a mass casualty

6. Complete the sentences based on the Chinese in the brackets. 1) hit the bridge 8) losing the fight

2) risked their lives 9) lowered the interests

3) fasten your seat belt 10) make a clear distinction 4) make stupid remarks 11) freezes the water 5) test their loyalty 12) regret this move

6) made a beautiful speech 13) tested this medicine 7) challenge death

7. Complete the sentences, using the idiomatic expressions of ―hand‖ listed below. 1) off hand 6) out of my hands

2) on the other hand 7) on our hands 3) give him a free hand 8) in the hands

4) got the upper hand 9) On the one hand, on the other hand 5) out of hand

8. Give the meanings of the underlined parts in the sentences below. Note how the meanings are different in different contexts.

(1) 按 (2) 熨烫 (3) 加劲干 (4) 搭 (5) 漆黑 (6)投 (7)一起使劲 (8) (按)磅(卖) (9) 猛锤 (10) 剧烈的跳动 (11) 英镑 (12) 奇怪 (13) 零(工) (14) 单(日)

9. Give the verb pattern of the underlined part in the sentence below, list other possible verbs, and then put the Chinese into English, using the pattern and the verbs in the brackets.

Verb pattern: vt. + n. /pron. + preposition + n. /pron. /gerund (phrase) Other possible verbs: accuse, assure, charge, cheat, convince, cure, deprive, inform, per?suade, rob, save, suspect, trick, warn, etc.

1) Have you informed his family of his health condition?

2) The story of the leading character in the play reminded me of my childhood. 3) He died shortly after he had cheated his uncle of his property. 4) She believes that massage can cure her of her headache.

5) The police presented convincing evidence to accuse him of killing his own father. 6) Finally we convinced him of the problems that would crop up.

7) On my way home, I helped to catch a thief who had robbed an old man of his wallet. 8) Robert was suspected of being involved in the plot. 10. Put in the missing words.

(1) learn (2) joined (3) taught (5) so (6) had (7) When (8) would (9) That‘s (10) of (11) come (12) wrote (13) fell (14) tree (15) eager (16) Tears (17) as (18) an (19) every (20) at (21) happened (22) not (23) right III. Grammar

1. Complete each of the sentences with an indefinite pronoun beginning with any/some/every/no, add ―‘s‖ or ―else(‗s)‖ where necessary.

1) anybody/anyone, somebody/someone, everybody/everyone, nobody/no one (1) somebody (8) no one else

(2) anybody (usually in questions) / (9) No one

somebody (when you expect a \"yes\" answer) (10) anyone (3) anybody else's (11) anyjone

(4) Everybody (12) nothing, Nothing

(5) everyone, Nobody (13) Everyone, nothing (6) anyone (14) someone else

(7) someone (15) Everyone, no one

2) anything, something, everything, nothing (1) nothing (2) everything

(3) something (when \"yes\" is expected) /anything (4) nothing (5) anything (6) something, anything (7) something (8) nothing (9) everything (10) nothing (11) everything (12) anything

(13) Something, anything (14) something (15) nothing

3) Put in indefinite pronouns beginning with any/some/every/no.

This is a story about four people called Everybody, Somebody, Nobody, and Anybody. There was an important job to be done and Everybody was asked to do it. But Everybody knew Anybody could do it as it was not so difficult and thought that Somebody really ought to do it. As it turned

out Nobody did it and Everybody was very angry because Nobody had done what Anybody could have done and Somebody should have done.

2. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets into English, using a that-clause.

1) that time is running out (object clause)

2) The fact that he is somebody's relative (appositive clause) 3) that people need (relative clause)

4) that a university put its students in touch with the best of what the human race has achieved (predicative clause)

5) that Beijing had won the bid to host the 2008 Olympics (appositive clause) 6) That anyone would believe such nonsense (subject clause) 7) that women are not as intelligent as men (appositive clause)

8) that quite a number of parents don't like the way their teenage children are dressed (apposi?tive clause)

9) that reflects his love of freedom and movement (relative clauses)

3. Answer the questions on the four heroes in the disaster, using modals. Give as many answers as you can. Samples:

1) No, he wasn't. He didn't have to do so. It wasn't his job dragging drowning people out of water. 2) He just thought he had to/should go into the water to save a fellow human being. 3) No, he hadn't. He had never thought he would do such a thing before the disaster. 4) They said it was their duty and that any other team would have done the same. 5) According to Usher's and Windsor's description, he must have been in his 50s.

6) He must have been an ordinary man and passenger. He must have behaved like anybody else on board. He must have fastened his seat belt as he was told. He might have panicked and must have wished to survive.

7) He must have been aware of the consequence. The helicopter team found him alert and in control.

8) He must have acted on his beliefs, principles and moral standards.

9) He must have been a man of great moral strength. 10) The man could have been saved if more helicopters had been employed. He might have been pulled out of the water if he had been stronger and persisted a little longer.

4. Put in the correct form of the verbs in the brackets. 1) examined, concluded? had been

2) had been watched/were watched, were captured 3) told, had been selected, didn't take, was joking

4) is sent, received, changed, stored, did not change, were invented, have quickly changed/ have been quickly changing

5) getting, is/has been, to write, send, using, takes, has already taken over 6) have, suggests, are designed, to sell, are, to do, have, cook, prepared 5. Identify and correct the mistake in each of the sentences. 1) Everyone in our class went to the international book fair.

2) Every one of their new products became popular soon after it was launched.

3) The Chinese Delegation expressed the hope that the two sides would soon stop fighting in the area.

4) I suggest that you first read the novel on which the film is based. Or: I suggest that you first read the novel the film is based on.

5) I don't like the way (in which) he speaks to his patients. 6) Is there anyone in the office?

7) I think it was the director's fault, and nobody else is responsible for the disaster. 8) Has anyone got anything important to say?

9) Li Ying can't be in the library. I saw her going to the sports ground just a moment ago. 10) People don't need to understand how their brain works to be able to talk, write, etc. IV. Written work

Describe the plane crash briefly in about 130 words, with emphasis on the behavior of ―the man in the water‖ Sample;

On Wednesday, due to bad weather, a jet plane of Air Florida crashed soon after it took off from Washington National Airport. The plane hit a bridge at a moment of high traffic and then dropped head-on into the river. Six of the passengers at the back of the plane had survived the crash and found themselves struggling in the cold water. A helicopter was sent to their rescue. It picked up five of the survivors. The other one had sunk before the helicopter came back for him. The man could have lived if he hadn't again and again given the chance of survival to others. His behavior brought millions to tears. In what he had done at a time of life and death they saw the strength of the human spirit in an ordinary man. (136 word)

Lesson Seven The Greatest Invention

I.Oral Work

Discuss the following questions.

1) In the story, the scientist said, ―I do not work for use, but for wonder.‖ Great scientists like Newton, Darwin or Einstein might have the same thing. But on the other hand, a lot of other scientific and technological discoveries have been the result of very careful planning and have been made to meet very practical needs. What is your view on this? Which do you think produces better results, ―the idle curiosity‖ of scientists or their ―purposeful effort‖?

2) Do you think terrorism is justifiable for small nations or nationalities who have ―just aspirations‖ and yet do not have any other way to make their voice heard or their demand taken seriously? Interview other students. Summarize their ideas and be prepared to present them to the class.

II.Vocabulary

1. Practice using the rules of word formation.

1) Examine how the words ―socialism‖ and ―warmth‖ are formed. Find out the meaning of the suffixes ―-ism‖ and ―-th‖ with the help of a dictionary. socialism: ＋ warmth: ＋

2) Turn the following into words ending in the suffix ―-ism‖ and then give their meaning. And more words to the list.

Example: capitalist → capitalism communist internationalist environmentalist Marxist fascist nationalist feudalist racist idealist realist

industrialist socialist sexist

3) Complete the sentences based on the Chinese in the brackets. (1) (信念) will move mountains.

(2) This book shows the author’s (高深) of learning. (3) We were stunned by the (宽度) of the waterfall. (4) (真理) lies at the bottom of life.

(5) In the confrontation between the stream and the rock, the stream always wins, not through (力量) but by perseverance.

(6) (健康) is better than wealth.

(7) I closed my eyes and felt the (温暖) of the sun on my face.

(8) (财富) is only yours when you enjoy it but not when you just have it.

(9) Alfred Nobel’s name has brought fame and glory to others since his (死亡). But he felt he should have died at (出生) because his invention had been used in wars to kill people.

(10) We perhaps can’t control the (长度) of our life but we can control its (宽度) and (深度). 2. Give words or expressions with similar meanings. 1) to change 8) to finish

2) content (adj.) 9) wonderful 3) to exclaim 10) disaster 4) deadly 11) difference

5) decent (wines) 12) important 6) to dominate 13) effect 7) intelligence 14) likewise 15) peculiar 18) considerate 16) situation 19) reasonable 17) actually 20) wholly

3. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms. but for to appeal to

to spur on if only to the capable of to turn out to aim at to get rid of to let sth. loose

1) Something must be done to the broken desks and chairs in the corridor. They stand in our way.

2) Each time she went out, she would her dog .

3) We had many anxious days and sleepless nights, but things to be all right in the end. 4) her encouragement and generous help, I wouldn‘t have come to college.

5) Professor Robinson giving dates, figures and names from memory. He seldom refers to his nots. 6) He winning two gold medals at the 21st Universiade and that him .

7) I had been there, I would have had the chance to try my English on him. 8) The city government has the citizens to save water and electricity.

9) I looked for my ID card everywhere. As it , it was right under the pillow. 10) Even the most intelligent people making stupid mistakes sometimes.

11) By joining the WTO, China is further improving its economic cooperation with the international community.

12) In his letter, he the government for more support of agriculture. 4. Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions or adverbs. 1) He said that he would regard our gift a token of friendship.

2) ―As a Chinese saying goes: seeing is believing,‖ he went , ―we hope more of your people will come to visit China.‖

3) She came home a look of joy and excitement because she had been admitted the drama club. 4) Many people think of safety a problem when going a journey.

5) How can we be silent their attack on us?

6) Dorothy opened her eyes the sound of the door being opened. 7) She devoted her last years of life caring for the disabled.

8) The parking lot is to be built behind the hotel. It has been marked already.

9) It was foolish them to threaten others sanctions(制裁).

10) Just like the children in the city, these kids were also born the right to receive a good education.

11) When dinner was over, Mr. Fang and I went the draft of the joint statement while we went to the acrobatic show.

12) George said nothing. He gazed the distance, deep in thought. 5. Put the following into English.

1) 举一个例子 7) 驱使他（拼命地干） 2) 取得进步 8) 作出了一项发明 3) 散布细菌 9) 摧毁那个国家 4) 进行威胁 10) 实现他们的愿望 5) 给我看全过程 11) 统治世界

6) 把他吸引住 12)（船）驶进大连港停泊

6. Choose the right word or expression and put it in the proper form. 1) ?alive ? living ? live (adj./ adv.)

(1) The court issued an order for his arrest when they learned that he was still . (2)Scientists have made several experiments with mice.

(3) Things are getting better. Now people in most rural areas can watch TV programs broadcast . (4) The blue whale is the largest animal. 2) ? able ? capable

(1) Helen Keller was not to see or hear or talk and yet she learned to read and write, and to become an author.

(2) Computers are of doing calculations billions of time in a fraction of a second now .

(3) Mrs. Xu is a very woman. She is successful in her career and she is a good mother and wife, too.

3) ? to check ? to examine ? to inspect

(1) I can't tell you anything about this case. I have to the evidence first. (2) According to the plan, the mayor had to a public school that morning. (3) I think the door is licked. But I‘ll go and .

(4) Did you our mail today? I‘m expecting a letter form my parents.

(5) I don‘t like the way they the students. It kills their interest in learning.

7. Examine the uses of ―offer‖ and ―work‖ in the sentences below. List other possible uses of these words and then make sentences after the models.

So I asked him if I might offer him a glass of wine. (para.5) ( to offer sb. sth. ) Yes, he worked and he was working for us on something wonderful. (para. 20) ( to work vi. ) ( to work on sth. )

Other possible of ―offer‖ and ―work‖: offer: work:

1) Up to now, they have not offered any explanation yet.

2)TheUNDP(United Nations Development Program) offered to cooperate with China in improving China‘s land planning and management. 3) The company made an offer to train our workers. 4) I think it‘s a good plan. It‘s going to work. 5) Don‘t work her too hard .She‘s still weak.

6) I‘ll be at work from 7 to 10. So call me after 10. will you?

8. Give the verb pattern of the underlined part in the sentence below. List other possible adverbs and then, using the pattern, put the Chinese into English.

„or that the influence of the strange wine was over, … ( para.45) Verb pattern:

Other possible adverbs:

1) 你去哪里？( use “off”) 2）贝克先生在外面散步。 3）你从泰国回来多久了？ 4）他们还没有起床呢。 5）为什么白天还开着灯？

6）电影还在放呢，要到10点才能结束。 7）汽车展览会已展出了两个星期了。 8）李燕不在，她去武汉开会了。 9）看完这些杂志后请放回原处。

10）我妈不在家，她去办公室值夜班了。 9. Put in the missing words.

There were three engineers in a car: an electrical engineer, a chemical engineer and a microsoft

engineer. Suddenly the car (1)_______ by the roadside, and the three engineers looked at each other (2)_______ what could be wrong and what could be (3) .

The electrical engineer (4) that they strip down the eletronics of the car and try to trace (5) a fault might have (6) . The chemical engineer, not (7) much about cars, said that the fuel (8) becoming emulsified(乳酪) and getting (9)_______ somewhere.

Then, the microsoft engineer, (10) didn‘t know much about anything, came (11) with a suggestion, ―why (12) we close all the windows, get (13) , get back in , open the windows (14) ,and maybe it will(15) !‖ III Grammar

1．Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in brackets. 1) China‘s national economy achieved an increase of 7.8% in 2000, (正如不少经济学家所预料的那样).

2) (正如一位科学家所说), no invention is the work of a single person. 3) These tales are described (作为人民的一部史诗). 4) (就自然灾难而言), this earthquake is not too bad.

5) Joe and Delia finally decided to get married (正如双方家庭所希望的那样). 6) Wuxi is known (中国的威尼斯).

7) Liu Feng has a very large vocabulary and is regarded (我们班的活字典).

8) (众所周知), Taiwan has been China’s territory since ancient times. 9) Customs officers are forbidden to accept anything (作为礼品)from business people.

10) Global warming has both negative and positive effects on our environment, (如科学家所证明的那样).

2. Rewrite the sentences as shown in the examples.

Example 1: To know if tomorrow week will be fine is impossible. → It’s impossible to know if tomorrow week will be fine.

Example 2: You would be surprised if you realized how things have changed. → It would surprise you to realize how things have changed. Example 3: I had to work for two hours before finishing the job. → It took me two hours to finish the job.

Example 4: I wish Linda could win the scholarship. How wonderful that would be. → It would be wonderful if Linda could win the scholarship.

Example 5: You missed Professor Li‘s lecture on globalization. What a pity. → It was a pity that you missed Professor Li’s lecture on globalization. 1) To find a qualified person for the position is not very easy.

2) To deal with complaints from difficult customers requires patience.

3) She was terribly upset when she saw many of the trees destroyed.

4) I wish you and your family could visit Beijing next summer. It would be wonderful.

5) To report on sports events such as the World Cup and the Olympics must be exciting.

6) To have the three skills — driving, good English and the ability to use a computer helps a person a lot in the job market.

7) Dr. Wu was pleased when he saw that his research was being carried on by dedicated young people.

8) To ask what others regard as ―stupid‖ questions needs courage.

9) They‘ve decided to cancel the trip. It‘s a pity.

10) To show your ID to the guard at the entrance is necessary whenever you want to enter the building.

3. Combine each pair of the sentences as shown in the example. Example: Lu Xun was born in this house. It is now a museum. → The house in which Lu Xun was born is now a museum. 1) The soil was sandy. The road was laid on this soil.

2) The Peking Man was discovered in a cave near Beijing. We visited the cave last summer.

3) All members of the cast are expected to read the novel. The film is based on the novel.

4) Every Spring Festival, he goes to see a peasant family. He worked with this family 30 years ago.

5) He signed the first contract with the pen for his company. He said that he would keep the pen forever.

6) From the little town many outstanding scientists have sprung. This town is much reported by the media.

7) 00C is the freezing point of water. At this point water turns to ice.

8) The Braille system is the main method. By this method blind people all over the world read.

9) Ms. Li has started a school of her own. My sister took piano lessons from her three years ago.

10) The type of PC you should buy depends on your purpose. You will use your PC for this purpose.

4. Put in connectives.

1) One day watching the swinging of a hanging lamp, Galileo made an important discovery. 2) One of the world‘s great tragedies is so many people die for nothing.

3) ―Let the water run it gets warm,‖ she said. ―Here‘s a clean towel.‖

4) An elderly man had collapsed crossing the street, an ambulance rushed him to the hospital immediately.

5) Believe it or not, opportunity will look for you you‘re worth finding.

6) Mrs. Jones was walking alone a boy ran up behind her and tried to snatch her purse. The purse strap came off, he pulled so hard he lost his balance.

7) It happened so quickly, so simply after all the years of waiting and uncertainty, I can see and feel the whole scene it had happened last week.

8) You may work with a reserved person for years without ever knowing he lives, many children he has, and his interests are.

9) I wondered Jack could remain so calm before a major exam and asked he wasn‘t nervous. 10) Lose one hour in the morning you will be looking for it the rest of the day.

11) my dad was killed in an accident at work , my mum was paid insurance by the firm, she‘s better off she ever was. The only thing is, she doesn‘t care she‘s alive or dead my dad‘s gone. 12) asked what he would do to solve Beijing‘s traffic problems he were put in charge of Beijing Transport, Lao Wang, a bus driver, said, ―I‘d ban private cars in central Beijing from 7 P.m. to 7 a.m. the owners actually lived there. I‘d take measures most people would travel by bus or by the subway train.‖

IV Written Work

Write a paragraph of about 130 words, commenting on the two approaches to scientific research.

Key to the exercises

1. Practice using the rules of word formation.

1) Examine how the words ―socialism‖ and ―warmth‖ are formed. Find out the meaning of the suffixes ―-ism‖ and ―-th‖ with the help of a dictionary.

The suffix ―-ism‖, from Greek, is used to form nouns which often refer to a belief based on a particular principle or the teachings of a particular person. The suffix ―-th‖, is often used to form nouns.

2) Turn the following into words ending in the suffix ―-ism‖ and then give their meaning. Add more words to the list.

communism internationalism environmentalism Marxism fascism nationalism feudalism racism idealism realism

industrialism socialism sexism

3) Complete the sentences based on the Chinese in the brackets. (1) Faith (2) depth (3) width (4) Truth (5) strength (6) Health

(7) warmth (8) Wealth (9) death, birth

(10) length, width, depth

2. Give words or expressions with similar meanings. (1) to alter (2) satisfied (3) to cry out

(4) very dangerous (5)passable/tolerable/satisfied/acceptable/fair (6) to control (7) intellect/mental power/wisdom

(8) to complete (9) marvelous/outstanding/excellent/great (10) tragedy (11) distinction (12) essential (13) result (14) in the same way

(15) uncommon/queer/odd/strange (16) circumstance (17) in fact/as a matter of fact (18) thoughtful (19) sensible (20) entirely/fully

3. Complete the sentences with expressions listed below in their proper forms. 1) get rid of 2) let, loose 3) turned out

4) But for 5) is capable of 7) aimed at, spurred, on 8) If only 9) aiming at 12) appealed to

4. Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions or adverbs. 1) as 2) on 3) with, to 4) as, on 5) about 6) at 7) to 8) off 9) of, with

10) with 11) on, with 12) into 5. Put the following into English:

1) to give an example 2) to make progress 3) to spread germs 4) to make an invention 5) to show me the whole process 6) to grip him 7) to drive him 8) to make an invention

9) to destroy that country 10) to fulfill their aspiration

11) to dominate the world 12) to put into the Port of Dalian

6. Choose the right word or expression and put it in the proper form. 1) (1) alive (2) live(adj.)/living (3) live(adj.) (4) living 2) (1) able (2) capable (3) capable

3) (1) examine/check (2) inspect (3) check (4) check (5) examine

7. Examine the uses of ―offer‖ and ―work‖ in the sentences below. List other possible uses of these words, and then make sentences after the models. Other possible uses of ―offer‖ and ―work‖: offer: to offer sth. To offer to do sth. Offer(n.)

work: to work sb./sth.

Other idiomatic expressions: to work on, to work out, to work out to, to work one‘s way, etc. 8. Give the verb pattern of the underlined part in the sentence below, list other possible adverbs, and the using the pattern, put the Chinese into English. Verb pattern: be ＋ adv.

Other possible adverbs: away, back, here, off, in, on, out, there, through, up 1) Where are you off to?

2) Mr. Baker is out for a little stroll.

3) How long have you been back from Thailand? 4) They are not up yet.

5) Why are the lights on in broad daylight?

6) The film is still on. It won‘t be over until 10 o‘clock. 7) The car exhibition has been on for two weeks. 8) Li Yan is away for a meeting in Wuhan.

9) Please put all these magazines back when you‘re through. 10) My mother is not in. She‘s on night shift at the office. 9.Put in the missing words

(1) stopped (2) wondering (3) done (4) suggested (5) where (6) occurred (7) knowing (8) was (9) blocked (10) who (11) up (12) don‘t (13) out (14) again (15) work III.Grammar

1. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in brackets. 1) as many economists had expected 2) As a scientist points out

3) as an epic of the an people 4) as natural disasters go

5) as both their families had hoped 6) as the Venice of China

7) as a walking dictionary of our class 8) as everybody knows 9) as gifts

10) as scientists have proved

2. Rewrite the sentences as shown in the examples.

1) It isn‘t easy to find a qualified person for the position.

2) It tales patience to deal with complaints from difficult customers. 3) It upset her to see many of the tree destroyed.

4) It would be wonderful if you and your family could visit Beijing next summer.

5) It must be exciting to report on sport events such as the World Cup and the Olympics.

6) It helps a person a lot in the job market to have the three skills – driving, good English and the ability to use a computer.

7) It pleased Dr. Wu to see that his research was being carried on by dedicated young people. 8) It takes courage to ask what other people regard as ―stupid‖ questions. 9) It‘s a pity that they‘ve decided to cancel the trip.

10) It‘s necessary to show your ID to the guard at the entrance whenever you want to enter the building.

3. Complete each pair of the sentences as shown in the example. 1) The soil on which the road was laid was sandy.

2) Last summer we visited the cave in which the Peking Man was discovered.

3) All members of the cast are expected to read the novel on which the film is based.

4) Every Spring Festival, he goes to see the peasant family with whom he worked 30years ago.

5) He said that he would keep forever the with which he had signed the first contrast for his company.

6) The little town, from which many scientists have sprung, is much reported by the media. 7) Zero degree centigrade is the freezing point at which water turns to ice.

8) The Braille system is the main method by which blind people all over the world read.

9) Ms Li, from whom my sister took piano lessons three years ago, has started a school of her own.

10) The type of PC you should buy depends on the purpose for which the PC is used. 4. Put in connectives.

1) while 2) that 3) until 4) while, and 5) if 6) when, but, that 7) that , as if 8) where, how, what 9) how, why 10) and

11) When, so, than, if, now(that) / since 12)When, if, unless, so that

IV. Written Work

Write a paragraph of about 130 words, commenting on the two approaches to scientific research. Sample:

The parable raises the question of what purposes science and technology should serve and criticizes two wrong approaches to scientific research. The military of the unnamed Caribbean country wanted to dominate the whole Caribbean by letting loose a plague capable of destroying whole nations. They tried to make a talented scientists invent a deadly germ. However, the scientist worked just for wonder, and not for use. He worked on the germ for some time until another fancy idea attracted him. He wanted to create an artificial blade of grass, and nothing could turn him away from this, not even the threat from the military, who finally had him executed. It should be an interesting debating topic what a scientist should work for. Should scientists care about the social consequences of their work? (132 words)

Lesson Eight Psychologically Speaking

I.Oral work

1)Discuss the following questions.

From the psychological point of view，what did Charles want to prove?

（1）Young people usually act on the spur of the moment. They often do not know what they are talking about.

（2）People value family and marriage because they have strong psychological need for safety. （3）Jealousy is a powerful emotion and can reawaken love. （4）People are afraid of change.

（5）People usually value more what they don’t have or what are about to lose forever.

2）Some young people in our country have also been talking about—even practicing cohabitation（a man and a woman living together without marriage）.They think this is cool, a revolution. Give your views about this. Do you favor the idea of “experimental marriage‖? Why or why not?

Work in a group. Think of some positive ideas and some negative ideas. Be prepared to present your group‘s ideas to the class. II.Vocabulary

1. Practice using the rules of word formation.

1）Examine how the words “forehead ”and “childish” are formed. Find out the meaning of the prefix “fore-” and the suffix “-ish” with the help of a dictionary. forehead： + childish： +

2）Add the prefix“fore-”to the following words and vice versa. Give their meanings. front forecast most forefather runner foreman see forefinger sight foretaste

3）Change the words into adjectives that end in the suffix “-ish”. Give their meanings. green girl gray boy red woman self thirty fool sixty book Scot

4）Complete the sentences based on the Chinese in the brackets. （1）He showed a （孩子气的）lack of control over his temper. （2）You must learn to share and not to be （自私的）. （3）That evening he wore a （带黄颜色的）jacket.

（4）Portugal was under （西班牙的）rule from 1580 to 10. （5）He writes a very （学究气的）style even in his letters. （6）We should have （预见到）his trouble weeks ago.

（7）He hoped that he would go to visit Africa where his （祖先）had lived.

（8） He did not want to be the （领班）because he liked his present job very much.

（9）The weather （预告）on the radio today says there are storms coming at the weekend. 2. Give the opposite of the following. 1）abroad 12）naive

2）afterwards 13）nervous

3）civilized 14）peculiar（said of a place） 4）conventional 15）permanent 5）false 16）pompous

6）to impose 17）to prevent 7）miserable 18）primitive

8）to pack 19）proper（said of behavior） 9）enthusiastic 20）separate（adj.） 10）perfect 21）sympathetic 11）sternly

3. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms，and then make a

sentence with each of them.

at a（great /heavy„）cost to decide on in some measure to open one‘s eyes to to be ashamed of

1）She having done so little for her sick father.

2）We have gained our peace and stability .We should do our best to preserve them. 3）Have you the subject you’re going to write your paper on? 4）University life is very rewarding .It my ignorance.

5）I think the world economy has recovered .But complete recovery may take a few more years. Sentence 1） Sentence 2） Sentence 3） Sentence 4） Sentence 5）

4. Put the following into English, using appropriate expressions from the text. 1）他看上去将近100岁了，但谁也说不准。 2）别拐弯抹角了。说吧！你要什么？

3）我一点也猜不出他们为什么会决定各奔东西。

4）我们得让老百姓对今后一、二年内可能发生的大地震有思想准备，越快越好。 5）他整天瞎逛，不务正业，看来一辈子成为他父母的负担了。 6）由于非他能力所及的情况，他读了四年书就不得不工作养家了。 7）后来他后悔跟他老板跑了。

8）我们不能愚蠢地认为万事太平，我们也可能成为他们袭击的目标。

5. Based on the Chinese in the brackets, complete the sentences using phrasal verbs of ―work‖. 1）I don’t money（光为„„工作）. Otherwise I wouldn’t have taken up teaching. 2）For the whole vacation，I （在学习）my chemistry. 3）Pauline （仍然在撰写）the book she started last winter. 4）Before he became on economist，he （当）a lawyer.

5）The size of the area （能被算出）easily now that we know its length and breadth. 6）Professor Shaw suggested that I（插进）a few humorous remarks in my speech. 7）They thought production would be raised if the interest rate was lowered. But things didn’t （发展）that way.

8）The travel agency （会拟订出）a route for you if tell them where you’d like to go.

6. Give the meaning of the underlined words in the sentences below. Note how the meanings are different in different contexts.

1）There is a set of rules that you must follow if you are going mountain-climbing

2）As we have to get up very early to catch the train， I have set the alarm-clock for 5a.m. 3）There are no set rules laid down for dealing with this kind of situation. 4）They charged two dollars for the admission.

5）The man has been arrested by the police on a charge of car theft. 6）The young officer was put in charge of the investigation.

7）The drug the doctor prescribed is quite effective in treating the disease.

8）The police alone cannot beat the drugs. Teachers, parents, the whole society will have to pitch in.

9）It was reported that someone had drugged the security man and then robbed the bank.

7. Examine the uses of ―do‖ and ―lead‖ in the sentences below. List other possible uses of there words and then make sentences after the models.

„our stupid，small-town way of doing things，„（para. 21） （to do sth.） I’m not going to lead this silly，uncivilized life„（para. 31） （to lead a life.） Other possible uses of ―do‖and ―lead‖ do: lead:

1）Take this medicine.It will do you good.（to do + n./ pron. + good/harm）

2）I’m afraid you have not done her justice. She may not be brilliant , but she isn’t dumb. 3）Jin Liang was caught speeding. He was doing 80miles an hour. 4）I think this dress will do nicely for her.

5）There ditcher lead the water into the rice fields over there.

6）His experiences led him to believe that both determination and opportunity are important for one’s success.

7）In some circumstances bad things can lead to good results.

8. Give the pattern of the underlined parts in sentences below, and then rewrite the sentences, using the patterns and the information given.

Now, it’s no use you saying anything，Mother—„（para.17） Oh, Tom, there’s no use beating about the bush.（para.55） There’s no point in not saying them，（para.27） Sentence patterns:

1）To deny the fact is useless. .

2）Talking to him us useless. He doesn’t know anything. .

3）You can’t persuade him to quit smoking. He won’t listen. .

4）Cutting interest rate further won’t help. .

5）Don’t ask me. Know no more than you do. .

9. Fill in the missing words.

All of us can change our behavior to fit different situations. We are （1） festive and noisy at weddings and birthday（2） ，sympathetic at funerals,（3） at lectures, serious and respectful at（4） services. Even the clothes we wear on these different（5）______ may vary. Our table（6） are not the same at a picnic.（7） in a restaurant or at a（8） dinner party. When we speak with.（9） friends， we are free to interrupt them and we（10） not be offended if they（11） us. When we speak to employers，however, we tend to （12） them out before saying anything（13） . If we don’t make such（14） ，we are likely to get into trouble. We may（15） to accomplish our purpose and we are almost sure to be（16） ill-mannered or worse.

III. Grammar

1. Practice using conditional clauses.

Complete the conditional by translating the Chinese in the brackets. 1）They won’t let you in （如果你没有带身份证）. 2）She surely will help you （如果你向她求助）.

3）He will understand it all right （你要是跟他解释一下）. 4）You’re sure to be late （要是你不赶紧的话）.

5）Tell them to leave the room （如果他们已经考完了）. 6）My mother will take a message （如果你来电话时我不在的话）.

7）I’ll go with you to Tianjin this Saturday （要是我没有什么特别的事情要做）.

8）The chairman of the department might come to our meeting （要是他能找到时间的话）.

9）Don’t forget to dial 119 （要是发生火灾的话）. 10）You’ll need a visa （要是你想到国外旅行）.

2. Combine the pairs of sentences as shown in the examples. Example: Is she coming to the party? I don‘t know. I don‘t know if she‘s coming to the party.

1）Was it possible for him to start a new life? Vingo wondered while in prison.

2）Would the community accept him? Vingo was eager to know on his way home.

3）Would his wife forgive him? Vingo wasn’t sure.

4）Should I return to my country after all these years? He asked himself again and again.

5）Were his songs still popular in his home country? He wanted to find out before he returned.

6）Was it a sensible decision to return at his age? He wasn’t sure.

7）Would his childhood friends recognize him? He wondered.

8）Was the house where he had been born still standing? He wondered.

9）Was he better off abroad? He was often asked the question. 10）Was he ever prejudiced against，famous as he was，on account of the color of his skin? He was often asked.

3. Put appropriate determiners or indefinite pronouns in the blanks from the list. every

a few some a little anything a lot of nobody many something

much

I was outside Frank’s house at five o’clock sharp，and moments later he came out of the side door，pushing his bike. It didn’t take us minutes to cycle to the river. We stopped at the bridge，lifted our bikes over the gate，and hid them behind the hedge.

There were cows in the meadow. They raised heads，and looked a little surprised to see visitors so early in the morning. But there was about，apart form ourselves.

We reached the island and fixed up our rods. There were small fish near the surface，but we didn’t catch for an hour or so. Then suddenly Frank gave a cry，“Got one!” Almost at the same moment big took my bait（诱饵），and immediately made for the reeds（芦苇）under the bank. A moment later the line went slack（松了下来）. I pulled it up and the hook was gone. But Frank was luckier. “Look at this,” he said happily, pointing to a large silver bream, which lay on the bank.

I congratulated him, but felt a bit disappointed about losing my own fish. The sun was up now. It was getting warmer moment and there wasn‘t point in continuing to fish. I got out the thermos and we drank tea and ate biscuits.

4. Study the different notions that the prepositions ―to‖ and ―for‖ express and learn to use them. 1）Find out the notion “to” and “for” in each sentence.

（1） And she has opened my eyes to own life，too„（para.41）

（2）Only I do feel close to you. You are a sort of relative to me，aren’t you?（para.41） （3）„I wandered all over the world，hunting some clue to my identity„（para.50）

（4）No，to me it will just be a very interesting little research in contemporary psychology.（para.52）

（5）We are the people who have been born to it .（Lesson7:para.14） （6）„we turned our minds to modern warfare„（Lesson7:para.16）

（7）Stephen is coming over here for tea，to bid you all goodbye.（para.21）

（8）You must have had a most interesting life traveling around as you have. Tell me，was it solely for pleasure?（para.35）

（9）No，I was continually working，investigating and studying，collecting material for my new book on experimental psychology.（para.36）

（10）We never even found where his grave was for certain.（para.37） （11）„Tom only stays with me for conventional reasons„（para.41） （12）But，Charles，why should you do such a thing for me?（para.50）

（13）Why，for all you know，after tonight you may have me hanging around your neck for the rest of your life !（para.50）

（14）Tom，I—I must prepare you for a shock.（para. 53）

（15）„in universities students enroll for both training and education.（Lesson1:para. 2） （16）He will take her for life，hunt for her，protect her. This is the way the creator planned life.（Lesson2:para.16） （17）I tried to tell myself it was all for the best，but it was hard to lose my brother.（Lesson2:para. 17）

（18）I would still wonder if Maheegun，in his battle for life，found time to remember me .（Lesson2:para. 18）

（19）These features show that it makes little sense to blame the police， judges or correctional personnel for being soft on criminals .（Lesson3:para. 5）

（20）We don’t want to de something we would regret for the rest of our lives. （Lesson5:para. 35）

（21）For its part，nature cared nothing about the five passengers. （Lesson6:para. 7） （22）“Use !Use !”he repeated，and laughed. “I do not work for use，but for wonder.”（Lesson7:para. 38）

（23）Yes，he worked and he was working for us on something wonderful. （Lesson7:para. 20） （24）“Of course，” I said soothingly, though I did not know for which country he spoke. （Lesson7:para. 15）

2）Choose the right preposition for the blanks. （1）She spoke （in，with）broken sentences.

（2）She sank （in，into）a large，comfortable armchair in front of the window. （3）But I couldn’t get the boy’s words （from，out of）my mind. （4）Day after day, the plainclothes men watched strangers going in and （form, out of）the shop.

（5）With water dripping （from, out of）his face, the boy looked at her.

（6） （Through, Out of）his genius, Andersen（安徒生）changed every early experience into a fairy tale. （7）All （during, through）the night the young man sat （at, by）the bedside holding his father’s hand.

（8）They talked （for, in）an hour, and not once did anyone speak of the reason （for, because of）the policeman’s visit.

（9） （For, To）me, happiness means continuously creating values for others （by, through ）my own honest, productive work.

（10） （For, To）the donor’s parents, seeing the person who had gained life （from, though）the gift of their son’s liver and knowing he was well seemed to ease their suffering. （11）He thought being dressed （as, like）a policemen would make him safe. But he didn’t look like a real policeman （for, to）me.

（12） （For, To）other Europeans, the best known quality of the British, and in particular of the English, is “reserved”. （13） （As, like）a first-year college student, time management will be your number one problem. （14）The greatest writers of the day, from Dickens（狄更斯）to Victor Hugo （西果）, looked upon Andersen （as, like）one of themselves.

（15）He, （as, for）a man, no longer strove. It was the life （in, inside）him, unwilling to die, that drove him on.

（16）Wasting time is a bad habit. It is （as, like）a drug.

（17）In the evening he built a fire and slept （as, like）a dead man.

（18）Bob read only certain bits of the papers he sold. Robberies, killings, and things （as, like）that.

5. Identify and correct the mistake in each of the sentences. 1）If I were your age, I shall go back to school.

2）As a wise man points it out, life has a value only when it has something valuable as its object. 3）If it will rain tomorrow, the football match will be put off.

4）The nurse went into the ward to see that patient wanted anything.

5）At that time I was sure if I wouldn’t succeed in getting him to join us.

6）I’m sure you would have done the same if you were there. 7）I’d like to read the essay which the passage is taken. 8）I wonder that they’ve received our message.

9）Alice told anybody about it, but we don’t know who.

10）When he was taken to the hospital, his brain had died though his heart had not, There was a little the doctors could to. IV. Written Work

Write a summary of the text in about 130 words.

Key to the exrcises II. Vocabulary

1. Practice using the rules of word formation.

1) Examine how the words ―forehead‖ and ―childish‖ are formed. Find out the meaning of the prefix ―fore-‖ and the suffix ―-ish‖ with the help of a dictionary.

The prefix ―fore-‖, from Old English, is used before nouns and verbs to mean ―before (in space, time and condition); front; preceding; and superior‖.

The suffix ―-ish‖, from Old English, is used to form adjectives meaning a. somewhat, rather:

e.g. dark (adj.) ＋ -ish à darkish (adj.) = rather dark, somewhat dark b. like or similar to:

e.g. child (n.) ＋ -ish à childish (adj.) = like a child c. about:

e.g. thirty (n.) ＋ -ish à thirtyish (adj.) = about thirty years old d. relating to the people or language of : e.g. British, English, Irish, Swedish

2) Add the prefix ―fore-‖ to the following words and vice versa. Give their meanings. forefront 最前方 cast

foremost 最初的,最重要的 father forerunner 先驱者 man

foresee 预见（v.） finger

foresight 预见(n.),深谋远虑 taste

3) Change the words into adjectives that end in the suffix ―-ish‖. Give their meanings. greenish, grayish, reddish, selfish, foolish, bookish girlish, boyish, womanish, thirtyish, sixtyish, Scottish

4) Complete the sentences based on the Chinese in the brackets. (1) childish (2)selfish (3) yellowish (4) Spanish (5) bookish (6) foreseen (7) forefathers (8) foreman (9) forecast

2. Give the opposite of the following. 1) at home 12)sophisticated 2) previously 13) calm

3) uncivilized 14) ordinary/ normal

4) unconventional 15)temporary/brief/short-lived/passing

5) real/ true/ genuine 16) simple/ modest

6) to lift/ remove 17)to persist/to allow/to encourage 7) cheerful/ happy/ joyous 18)modern/civilized 8) to unpack 19)improper/unacceptable

9) unenthusiastic/ half-hearted/ disinterested 20)connected/linked 10) imperfect 21) unsympathetic/unconcerned/cold 11) kindly-hearted/insensitive/unfeeling

3. Complete the sentences, using the expressions listed below in their proper form, and then make a sentence with each of them.

1) was ashamed of 2) at a great cost 3) decided on 4) opens my eyes to 5) in some measure

4. Put the following into English, using appropriate expressions from the text. 1) He looks like a man of one hundred years old, but nobody knows for certain. 2) Don‘t beat about the bush. Out with it. What do you want? 3) I don‘t have a clue why they decided to go separate ways.

4) We have to prepare our people for a possible killer earthquake in the next year or so, and the sooner the better.

5) He is still fooling around. It seems that he is going to hang around his parents‘ neck for the rest of his life.

6) Due to circumstances over which he had no control, he only had four years of schooling and had to work to support his family.

7) Later he regretted having run off with his boss.

8) We can‘t live in a fool‘s paradise. We can also be their target of attack.

5. Based on the Chinese in the brackets, complete the sentences using phrasal verbs of ―work‖. 1) just work for 2) working for 3) is still working on

4) had worked as 5) can be worked out 6) (should)work in 7) work 8) will work out

6. Give meaning of the underlined words in the sentences below. Note how the meanings are different in different contexts.

1)一套 2)定时 3)固定的 4)收费 5)指控 6)负责 7)药品 8)毒品 9)（下药）麻醉

7. Examine the uses of ―do‖ and ―lead‖ in the sentences below. List other possible uses of these words, and then make sentences after the models. Other possible uses of ―do‖ and ―lead‖: do: to do sb./sth. (no) good/harm… to do sb./sth. justice/ honor… to to some miles to do (vi)

lead: to lead sb. to do sth. to lead to

to lead + to + sth.

8. Give the pattern of the underlined parts in the sentences below, and then rewrite the sentences, using the patterns and the information gven.

Sentence patterns: It is/There is + no + use +gerund (phrase) There is no + point + gerund (phrase) Other possibility of the sentences:

1) It‘s/There is no use denying the fact.

2) It‘s/There is no use talking to. He doesn‘t know anything.

3) It‘s/There is no use trying to persuade him to quite smoking. He won‘t listen. 4) It‘s/There is no use cutting interest rate any further.

5) It‘s/There is no use asking me. I know no more than you do. 9. Put in the missing words.

(1) often (2) celebrations/parties (3) attentive (4) religious (5) occasions (6) manners (7) as (8) formal 9) close (10) will (11) interrupt (12) hear

(13) ourselves (14) adjustments (15) fail (16)considered III. Grammar

1. Practice using conditional clauses. Complete the conditional sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets.

(1) if you don‘t have your ID with you (2) if you ask her (for help) (3) if you explain it to him (4) if you don‘t hurry (5) if they‘ve finished (6) if you phone while I‘m out

(7) if I don‘t have anything particular to do (8) if he can find time (9) if a fire breaks out (10) if you want to travel abroad

2. Combine the pairs of sentences as shown in the examples.

1) While in prison Vingo wondered if it was possible for him to start a new life. 2) On his way home Vingo was eager to know if the community would accept him. 3) Vingo wasn‘t sure if his wife would forgive him.

4) He asked himself again and again if he should return to his own country after all these years. 5) Before he returned he wanted to find out if his songs were still popular in his home country. 6) He wasn‘t sure if it was a sensible decision to return at his age. 7) He wondered if his childhood friends would recognize him.

8) He wondered if the house where he had been born was still standing. 9) He was often asked if he was better off abroad.

10) He was often asked if he was ever prejudiced against, famous as he was, on account of the color of his skin.

3. Put appropriate determiners or indefinite pronouns in the blanks from the list.

A few, many, some, nobody, a lot of, anything, something, every, much, a little, a few/some 4. Study the different notions that the prepositions ―to‖ and ―for‖ express and learn to use them. 1) find out the notion ―to‖ and ―for‖ in each sentence.

In all these sentences, ―to‖ have the underlying meaning of direction. a. used to indicate direction, as in (1) and (6)

b. used to indicate a feeling, as the first ―to‖ in (2)

c. used to indicate a relationship, as the second ―to‖ in(2) d. meaning ―concerning‖, as in (3)

e. used to indicate one‘s opinion, as in (4) f. meaning ―destined to do sth.‖, as in (5)

In these sentences ―for‖ has two underlying meanings of 1) purpose, reason 2) time. a. used to show purpose, as in (7), (8), (14), (15), (18), (22) b. meaning ―what something is intended for‖, as in (9) c. in an idiom, meaning ―without doubt‖, as in (10)

d. used to show a reason/reasons, as in (11), the second ―for‖ in (16), (19) e. meaning ―in order to help sb./sth.‖, as in (12)

f. in an idiom, meaning ― you really don‘t know‖, as in (13)

g. in a set phrase, meaning ― as long as one lives‖, as the first ―for‖ in (16) h. in an idiom, meaning ―best in the ling run‖, as in (17)

i. in an idiom, meaning ―as far as it (nature) is concerned‖, as in (21) j. meaning ―employed by‖, as in (23)

k. meaning ― as a representative‖, as in (24) l. used to show length of time, as in (25)

2) Choose the right preposition for the blanks. (1) in (2) into (3)out of (4) out of

(5) from (6) Through (7) through, at (8) for, for (9)To, through (10) For, through (11)like, to (12)To (13) As (14)as (15)as, in (16) like (17) like (18) like

5. Identify and correct the mistake in each of the sentences. 1) If I were your age, I would go back to school.

2) As a wise man points out, life has a value only when it has something valuable as its object. 3) If it rains tomorrow, the football match will be put off.

4) The nurse went into the ward to see if the patient wanted anything. 5) At that time I wasn‘t sure if I would succeed in getting him to join us. 6) I‘m sure you would have done the same if you had been there. 7) I‘d like to read the essay from which the passage is taken. Or: I‘d like to read the essay the passage is taken from. 8) I wonder if they‘ve received our message.

9) Alice told somebody about it, but we don‘t know who.

10) When he was taken to the hospital, his brain had died though his heart had not. There was little the doctors could do. 6. Written work

Write a summary of the text in about 130 words. Sample:

Eve Kent and her boyfriend decided on an experimental marriage. She told her mother they were leaving that very night. Eve also said that she didn‘t think her parents‘ marriage was happy and that she wasn‘t sure if her father still loved her mother. What Eve said upset Mrs. Kent. Just then, a man called. He was a psychologist and a brother of Mrs. Kent‘s first husband who had been killed in World War I. Mrs. Kent asked him what she should do to prevent her daughter‘s experimental marriage and to find out if her husband still loved her. Professor Waring suggested playing a trick. When Eve came with her father, the professor introduced himself as Mrs. Kent‘s former husband who hadn‘t been killed and had come to take his wide away. (132 words)

Lesson Nine Quick Fix Society

Discuss the following questions or topics.

1) If you agree that people are getting too impatient and too obsessed with the quick fix for everything, what examples would you give to illustrate your point? (Base your observations on your experience in China. ) How is it reflected in our transportation and communication? How is it shown in our eating habits? Does it affect our consumption habits as well as our production? How about entertainment or amusement? Are our reading, writing, learning habits also changed? What has this \"fast-fix\" attitude done to our human relationships? Has it caused health problems? Has it reduced our capacity for enjoying life?

2) If you disagree with the author and think that the desire for speed is basically good, how would you defend your position?

More Work on the Text Vocabulary

1. Practice using the rules of word formation.

1) Examine how the words \" supermarket\" and \" pre-digest\" are formed. Give the meaning of the prefixes ―super-― and ―Pre-― with the help of a dictionary. supermarket: ______ + ______ pre-digest: ______ +______

2) Match the words in Column I with its corresponding meaning in Column II. I II

(1) supercomputer a. 超级大国 (2) superhighway b. 超人 (3) superior c. 超自然 (4) supermarket d. 超市 (5) supernatural e. 上层建筑

(6) superpower f. 优等的，高级的 (7) superstructure g. 超级电脑 (8) superstar h. 超级公路 (9) superman i. 超级明星

3) Form new words by adding the prefix \" pre-\" to the following and then translate them into Chinese.

(1) historic (5) condition (2) determined (6) cooked (3) arrange (7) face

(4) caution (8) industrial (9) mature (11) school (10) paid (12) war

4 ) Complete the sentences based on the Chinese in the brackets. (1) It is wise to take____________________ (预防) against fire.

(2) ____________________(超自然的) events are those for which there is no scientific exploration.

(3) He has only __________ (肤浅表面的) knowledge about the subject. (4) She has become a _________________(超级明星) among young people. (5) They have done very well in the ________________ (赛前的) warm-up. (6) Who has written the_________________(序言) for the book?

(7) Many people feel that it is still __________(时机未成熟的) to talk about an Asian Common Market.

(8) The government's job is to________________(监管) the market, not to replace it.

(9) In the job market, you can expect the interview to be a structured event — each candidate will be asked the same _________ (事先确定的) questions.

(10) Christoper Scotese, a geologist, __________ (预言) that in another 250 million years the seven continents of the earth will merge into one _______________（超级）

5) Give the adjective forms of the following nouns and verbs. (1) attention (9) person

(2) convenience (10) symbol (3) favor (11) truth

(4) impatience (12) weight (5) information (13) to devote (6) mass (14) to move

(7) medicine (15) to pervade (8) music

4. Put in appropriate prepositions or adverbs.

1) I've picked ______ an English novel to give to my niece ______a gift. 2) You're eating too fast. You'd better slow _______. 3)1 asked the waiter to wrap __________my left-overs.

4) We should put our differences _______and work together for our common goal.

5) _______ his way to the office, he suddenly remembered that he had made an appointment _______his doctor.

6) Diana said she liked that place as the air agreed ______her.

7)1 can never forget that when both of my parents were out of work, it was you who tried so hard to help us _________.

8) Mr. Fu and his partner are still in the wood ________ search ______evidence.

9) The birthday cake was cut _______small pieces and passed _______. 10) The company had a group of engineers redesign the buildings ______ an attempt to reduce the cost.

5. Put the following Into English or vice versa. A

1） 速冻米饭 2）家之补丁 3）音乐选段 4） 生活方式 5） 群众运动 6） 细微的变化 7） 最畅销的书 8） 最好的路线 9）（邮件）特快专递 10） 人与人之间的关系 11） 我们生活的方方面面 B

1) to advocate women's liberation 3) to ignore the facts 5) to make the return trip 7) to speed out of control 9) to take a different route

2) to explore the South Pole 4) to make deposits

6) to skim the surface of life 8) to replace chemicals 10) to take a flight

6. Choose the right word or expression and put It In the proper form. 1 ) ? journey ? tour ? trip ? voyage

( 1 ) You can't carry all these books at once. You must make several_______ (2) Did you have a good_______to Europe?

(3) The sea ________ from Shanghai to Europe used to take months. (4)1 wish you a happy_______home.

(5) In the last three years, Keith has been _______ around the world. 2) ? to insist ? to persist

(1) The doctor _______ that I should have an immediate operation.

(2) If you _______ in taking exercise, you're more likely to have a long and energetic life. (3) If we _______ with our effort, we will succeed in our financial reform.

(4) I‘ll go there with you if you _______. But really I won‘t be much help to you. 3) ? to think about ? to think of ? to think over

(1) Let‘s go skating and stop _______ all these problems.

(2) I don‘t _______ much _______ him as a football player. He‘s slow and has no sense of team work.

(3) Laura said she needed more time to _______ it _______. There were many important things to be considered.

(4) The job pays well, but I‘m _______ giving it up. I‘d like to do something I‘m really interested in.

8. Give the verb patterns of the underlined parts In the sentences below, list other possible relative adverbs or pronouns, and then put the Chinese Into English. ... we don't know how to use the time . . . (para. 7)

But what if we know how to let loose a plague . . . (Lssson 6: para. 16)

It taught me how to recognize ... the things that make one place or one people different from another. (Lesson 13: para. 3) Verb patterns:

Other possible relative adverbs or pronouns:

1） 只有李军知道怎样和她联系。

2） 它们都很好， 我们今天下午会讨论选哪一个的。 3） 听到那事我感到吃惊，一时不知对他说什么好。 4） 张太太在教怎样把中国古典舞与现代舞结合起来。 5） 战士们在那里学习怎样在荒野中生存下去。 6） 总经理还没有决定是否聘用他。 7) 她叫我打听一下电脑坏了找谁。 8） 琼没有告诉我们什么时候处罚。

9） 他问老师下一步做什么， 老师叫他继续观察那条鱼。 10） 我一进屋就有人过来指点我坐在哪里。

9. Put in the missing words.

After being away for several years, it is a strange experience to (1)________to the place where you were (2) ________and raised. This happened to me a few months ago (3)_______ I decided to come back to Bethany to （4）________the job of chief reporter (5) ________ the local newspaper. I got the job（6）________the father-in-law of my former college roommate. I (7) ________met him at my friend's wedding. When I finally （8）________to come back to Bethany, mainly because I was（9）________of living in New York City, I wrote to him (10) ________ that he might be able to put me (11) _____touch with the right people. (12) ________it turned out, I was (13) ________ the right person for the job because I had(14) ________ wide experience as a big-city reporter. In (15) ________, I was very familiar with Bethany.

This is not (16) ________true. When I came down to look for a (17) ________ to live, I soon discovered that(18) ________ parts of the city had completely(19)________.

More Work on the Text Grammar

2. Complete the statements or questions using the gerund or the Infinitive form of the verb in brackets.

1) That's not how__________ (live).

2) __________ (live) in the countryside is far healthier than ______ (live) in the city. 3) It is no use ______ (argue) with the referee (裁判) while a game is going on. 4) Almost the whole school went there__________(watch) the football match.

5)1 dislike a player ______ (pretend) to be hurt in order to get a free kick.

6) Mei Lanfang( 梅兰芳), the famous Peking Opera singer, refused ______ (perform) for the foreign invaders throughout the war.

7)1 have made up my mind to go on ______ (try) until I succeed.

8) ______ (settle down) in a strange land wasn't as easy as they had thought. 9) I remember ______ (feel) greatly disappointed after my first job interview.

10) Finally they decided ______ (apologize) to the passengers for what had happened at the airport.

11) I'm sorry that I clean forgot ______ (pass) the message to Larry.

12) Nothing has more impact in the family than ______ (make and keep) promises. 13) At midday we stop ______ (have) lunch in a fast food restaurant.

14) I stopped ______ (listen) to more about the disaster on the radio, but I was too shocked to move out of the chair.

15) Without ______ (know) exactly what I was doing, I took the pen and signed the paper.

3. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets into English, using attributive modifiers.

1 ) Ladies and gentlemen, may I have your attention, please? The director's got ___________________________________(有重要的事情要讲).

2) This is the best indoor swimming pool_______________________ (在北京建成的) .

3) In a country_______________________________________(以轮子上的国度而著称的), it seems ridiculous for an adult not to know how to drive.

4) I've never met a foreigner __________________________(像安娜那样通晓京剧的). 5) He is one of those______________________________(被称为第五代的中国导演).

6) Chinese scholars __________________________(在海外生活和工作的) are encouraged to contribute to their country's modernization drive.

7) The boy _______________________________________(有个大鼻子和一双大手的)turned out to be the prince of fairy tales. His name was Hans Christian Andersen.

8) Would the gentleman __________________________________(坐在角落的)answer the next question?

9) They're looking for someone______________________________(在校队里踢中锋). 10) Have you got ___________________________ (什么特别的事情) this Saturday?

4. Complete the sentences by putting the verbs in the right tense form.

1) The Wangfujing Department Store _______ (have) an end-of-the-season sale. Let's go and see if we can pick up anything we want.

2) My cousin_______ (teach) at the same university where she ______ (be) a physics major 15 years ago.

3) The sales manager of the hotel ______ (be) missing for a week. Neither his company nor his family ______(have) a clue as to what ______ (happen) to him.

4) The valley of the Nile (尼罗河流域) _________ (develop) a high degree of civilization thousands of years before the people of the west ______ (dream) of wheels and houses. 5) In about twenty years, Shenzhen ______(grow)from a small fishing village into a city of three million people.

6) It ______ (be) a most enjoyable evening. Thank you for inviting us. 7) He _____(go) to get some salt. He ______ (not be) long.

8) When he heard people shouting in the street, he ________ (go) out to see what _______ (happen)

9)1 didn't know what he_______ (go through) in those years of hardship until I _______(read)his autobiography.

10) Evelyn is a remarkable musician, but she _______ (never hear) any applause. She ______ (be) deaf since she ______ (be) eight years old.

11) Evelyn _____ (learn) to lip-read perfectly and it ______ (be) difficult to believe that she

______ (be) deaf. In fact, Evelyn ______ (prefer) it that way. She ______ (want) to be famous because she ______ (be) a good musician, not because she _____ (overcome) disability (残疾). 12) A real-estate (房地产) salesman ________ (show) a buyer a house. He ______ (say), \"To show you I'm honest, I ______ (tell) you the disadvantages — there ______ (be) a chemical plant one block south and a slaughterhouse one block north. \" When asked about the advantages, the agent _______ (say), \"The good thing about it _____ (be) that you can always tell which way the wind ______ (blow).

5. Put in articles or other determiners where necessary. If nothing is needed, put in a slash \"/\". 1) In ______society, whatever performs ______functions of money is money. One of ______ functions of money is to be ______ medium (媒介) of______ exchange. Without money, ______fisherman might find it difficult to exchange______ load of fish for______ clothes, ______ electricity, ______gas and ______things he needs.

2) ____ patient was______ 48-year-old man. About two weeks ago, he began to feel weak and to lose ____ appetite. Two days ago, in ______morning, he noticed______ pain in ______chest, which increased with ______ deep breathing and with ______coughing. He remained in ______ condition during ______ entire day, and ___ night he was taken to ______hospital.

3) ______payday, ______employee received ______unusual large check. She decided not to say anything about it, _____ following week______ check was far less than _______usual amount, and she went to ______ boss.

4) ____alarm clock rang loudly close to______ head. He put out ______ hand and turned off ______ alarm. For ____ moments he lay there, half-awake. \"I must get up\" he thought. Then he sat up, and lowered______ feet to ________ floor. He took off_____ pajama jacket, put on ______ slippers, walked over to______ basin, and turned on ______hot tap. He drew back_____ curtains and looked out into_____ street. As he watched, ______postman came up______ path and delivered the post. Quickly he turned off ______ tap, slipped on______dressing gown, and hurried downstairs. There was ._______letter from Claire. He sat down on _____bottom step and opened ______ envelope.

More Work on the Text Written Work

1. Summarize, in about 120—130 words, the three characteristics of a quick-fix society. You are expected to begin with a definition of a quick-fix society.

2. Do you think people in China have more or less adopted this quick-fix lifestyle? (Answer the question in about 130 words.)

Key to the exercises

1. Practice using the rules of word formation.

1) Examine how the words \" supermarket\" and \" pre-digest\" are formed. Give the meaning of the prefixes ―super-― and ―Pre-― with the help of a dictionary.

The prefix \"super-\superman, superhighway.

The prefix \"pre-\

2) Match the words in Column I with its corresponding meaning in Column II. (l)g (2) h (3) f (4) d (5)c (6> a (7) e (8) i (9) b

3) Form new words by adding the prefix \" pre-\" to the following and then translate them into Chinese.

（1）史前的 （7）序言

（2）事先已定的 （8）工业化之前的

（3）预先安排的 （9）未成熟的；时机未到的 （4）预防（措施） （10）邮资已付的 （5）先决条件 （11）学前的（儿童） （6）预熟的（食物） （12）战前

4) Complete the sentences based on the Chinese in the brackets.

(1)precautions (2)Supernatural (3)superficial (4)superstar (5)pre-game

(6)preface (7)premature (8)supervise(9)predetermined(10) predicts, super-continent

5) Give the adjective forms of the following nouns and verbs.

(1) attentive (2) convenient(3) favorite/favorable(4) impatient(5) informative

(6) massive (7) medical (8) musical (9) personal (10) symbolic (11) truthful/true (12) weighty (13)devoted (14) movable/moving/moved (15) pervasive

4. Put in appropriate prepositions or adverbs.

1) out/up, as 2) down 3) up 4) away 5) On， with 6) with 7) out 8) in, of 9) into, out 10) in

5．Put the following into English and vice versa. A

1) frozen rice 2) homemade pudding 3) musical excerpts 4) lifestyle/ways of life 5) a mass movement 6) subtle changes 7) the latest best seller 8) routes of choice 9) express mail 10) personal relationships 11) every level of our life

B

1) 提倡妇女运动 2）去南极探险 3）不顾事实 4）（去银行）存款 5）返程 6）接触生活的表面 7）（车）速过快失控 8）代替化学品 9）走不同的路线 10）乘飞机

6. Choose the right word or expression and put it in the proper form.

1) (1) trips (2) trip (3) voyage (4) journey (5) touring 2) (1) insisted (2) persist (3) persist (4) insist

3) (1) thinking about (2) think, of (3) think,over (4) thinking of

8. Give the verb patterns of the underlined parts In the sentences below, list other possible relative adverbs or pronouns, and then put the Chinese Into English.

Verb patterns: vt. + wh-word + to-infinitive (phrase) vt. + n. /pron. + wh-word + to-infinitive (phrase)

Other possible relative adverbs or pronouns： what, when, where, which,who 1) Only Li Jun knows how to get in touch with him.

2) They are all very nice. We'll discuss which to choose this afternoon.

3) I was shocked to hear that, and for a moment, I didn't know what to say to him.

4) Mrs. Zhang is teaching how to combine classical Chinese dances with modern dances. 5) There, the soldiers learned how to survive in the wilderness. 6) The general manager hasn't decided whether to take him on.

7) She asked me to find out who to turn to if her computer goes wrong. 8) Joan didn't tell us when to start out/set out.

9) He asked the teacher what to do next. The teacher asked him to continue observing the fish. 10) As soon as I got into the room, somebody came to show me where to sit.

9. Put in the missing words.

(I) return (2) born (3) when (4) take (5) for/on/with (6) through (7) had (8) decided (9) tired (10) hoping (11) in (12) As (13) just (14) had (15) addition (16) entirely (17) place (18) many (19) changed

More Work on the Text Grammar

2. Complete the statements or questions using the gerund or the Infinitive form of the verb in brackets.

1) to live 2) Living, living 3) arguing 4) to watch 5) pretending 6) to perform 7) trying 8) Settling down 9) feeling 10) to apologize 11) to pass 12) making and keeping 13) to have 14) listening 15) knowing

3. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets into English, using attributive

modifiers.

1) something important to say 2) ever built in Beijing

3) known as a land on wheels 4) as well-informed of Beijing opera as Anna 5) called the fifth generation of Chinese directors

6) living and working overseas/abroad/in foreign countries 7) with a big nose and big hands 8) sitting in the corner

9) to play center forward (AmE) /central forward (BrE)on the university team 10) anything particular to do

4. Complete the sentences by putting the verbs in the right tense form.

1) is having 2) is teaching/teaches, was

3) has been, has, has happened 4) had developed, dreamed 5) has grown 6) has been/was

7) has gone, won't be 8) went, was happening

9) had gone/went through, read 10) has never heard, has been, was 11) has learned, is, is, prefers, wants, is, has overcome

12) was showing, said, am going to tell, is, said, is, is blowing

5. Put in articles or other determiners where necessary. If nothing is needed, put in a slash \"/\".

1) any, the, the, a, /, a, a, /, /, /, other

2) The, a, his, the, some, his, /, /, this, the, that, the 3) One, an, an. The, her, the? her

4) The, his, his, the, some, his, the, his, his, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, his, a, the, the

More Work on the Text Written Work

1. Summarize, in about 120—130 words, the three characteristics of a quick-fix society. You are expected to begin with a definition of a quick-fix society.

2. Do you think people in China have more or less adopted this quick-fix lifestyle ? (Answer the question in about 130 words.)

Samples:

1. A quick-fix society is one where people are concerned more about what they can achieve quickly than about what can benefit them in the long run. In such a society, people are eager to get quick results in every aspect of life. For example, for things they can't afford now, hey use their credit cards. Second, people want to get everything done quickly, they hate to wait, and they don't like to do anything that takes time but is good for them in the long run. Finally, as people have lost sight of their long-term interest and are satisfied with the superficial, they no longer want to do

things thoroughly. So they read condensed books and listen to excerpts of great works of music. (121 words)

2. I think to a certain degree this quick-fix idea has also affected our way of doing things. For example, this lifestyle has created a huge market for books such as \"Students' Guide\" and \"Teacher's Manual\" where the answer key to exercises in textbooks is provided, and major issues are summarized or \"digested\". Students who depend heavily on such books actually don't learn as much as those who work on their own and think for themselves. Also, family relationship has been weakened because, more often than not, contacts between parents and adult children are maintained chiefly through the telephone. When they occasionally get together, they either go to a restaurant for dinner or have frozen semi-prepared food, so they are deprived of the fun in making Chinese dumplings together. (128 words)

Lesson Ten The Richer, the Poorer

Discuss the following.

1) Think about Lottie's attitude to life before Bess returned. Put yourself in Lottie's shoes. Explain why your life is best. Defend the choices you made.

2) Think about Bess' attitude to life. Put yourself in Bess' shoes. Explain why your life is best. Defend the choices you made.

3) Would you rather be Lottie, who has not had much fun in life, but is financially secure in her old age or Bess, who has had a full exciting life although she is alone and penniless at the same age? A wise man once said that happiness is somewhere between too much and too little. Do you agree?

More Work on the Text Vocabulary

1. Practice using the rules of word formation

1) Examine how the word \" transform\" is formed. Find out the meaning of the prefix \" trans-\" with the help of a dictionary.

transform: ________ ＋ _________

2 ) Match the words in Column I with their corresponding meanings in Column II. I II

(1) transfer a. 横穿大西洋的 (2) trans-Atlantic b. 运输

(3) transgenetic c. 调动（工作），转让 (4) transcontinental d. 改变 (5) transform e. 移植 (6) transition f. 过渡 (7) translate g. 转基因的 (8) transnational h. 洲际的

(9) transmit i. 翻译

(10) transplant j. 的（公司） (11) transport k. 传播，传输

3) Turn the following into verbs by adding suffixes or prefixes.

bright dark danger tight light glory quality simple unity identity able drama large special courage economy class intense note pure just

4) Complete the sentences based on the Chinese in the brackets.

(1) Camels are the principle means of______________ (运输) in the Arabian desert. (2) She told me that she had just had a kidney______________（移植）

(3) The troubles we have today are merely______________（一时的，过渡性的） They will disappear by and by when our market becomes more mature. (4) Water can______________ (使变为) a desert into good farmland.

(5) Don't______________(戏剧性描述) the affair so much, just give us the facts. (6) This photograph is too small; I'd like it to be______________ (放大). (7) Apples______________ (变甜)as they become ripe. P

(8) The spread of urban (都市的) areas has______________ (危害) wildlife.

(9) The teachers have decided to______________ (减轻) the burden of the students.

(10) Lisa has been______________ (调动工作) from Guangzhou to a new post in Shanghai. (11) Can you_____________ (总结) your experience in foreign language learning?

4. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms. above all

to be better off to marvel at by comparison to go about

to put one's mind to to add up to

to have sth. to do with to save for

1) They have sold their cotton at a higher price this year, so they ____________ than last year. 2) If you _____________ your work instead of fooling around, you would have finished your work long ago.

3) This work is complicated. We must ____________it carefully, step by step.

4) After the third round, his score ____________270. He knew that the gold medal was within his reach.

5) Joe started to ____________a computer as it was particularly useful for him. 6) The tourists all ___________the beautiful scenery up at the lake.

7) My father often says that we need a lot of things in our life, but____________, we need love. I agree with him.

8) There are still 50—80 million poor people in our country. But ____________ we are already enjoying a high living standard.

9) What we are reading may not ____________ our job training, but I believe it will be useful for us as responsible citizens.

10) The amount people have saved up these years in the banks ____________ $800 billion. 11) The students want to know how they should ____________ the preparation for the final examination.

5. Based on the Chinese in the brackets, complete the sentences using the phrasal verbs of \"keep\" 1) The school leadership still want t ___________ (留用地) although her retirement is long overdue.

2) Soon it began to snow and I thought that we should go back. But he insisted that we should _________ (继续) going.

3) The government has promised to do everything possible to___________(不使艾滋病) spreading.

4) This is none of your business. ___________ （你不要参与）

5) Jogging is good. So long as you _________ (把它坚持下去), you'll be a different man in six months.

6) The doctor advised me to __________ (别吃) greasy food.

7) The situation there is getting more and more serious. We must _____________ (跟上) the latest development.

6. Put the nouns/noun phrases listed below in the proper place to form collocations. attention

her embrce business her anger children humiliation errands terms her attempts

the furniture

1) to accept ___________ 5) to reflect ___________ 2) to deserve ___________ 6) to replace ___________ 3) to expand ___________ 7) to run ___________ 4) to indulge ___________ 8) to suffer ___________

7. Give the meaning of the underlined parts in the sentences below. Note how the meanings are different in different contexts.

1) In the race to be better or best, don't forget to enjoy the journey! 2) She is new on the job. Don't be too hard on her.

3) I paid hard cash for this car. But it is obviously a fake (假货). 4) It is hard to accept those terms.

5) Her passage home cost more than 1000 dollars.

6) Between the two buildings is an underground passage wide enough for two cars. 7) This passage of the essay is rather difficult because there are many technical terms.

8) People should have equal rights regardless of differences in race, wealth, politics, religion or education.

9) It is like running a race. If you don't try your best, you‘ll be left far

8. Examine the uses of \"catch\" and \"persuade\" in the sentences below, 'list other possible uses of these words and then make sentences after the models.

You've too much catching up to do to waste a minute of ... (para. 34)

(to catch up) Two or three times she was halfway persuaded, but... (para. 11) (to be persuaded)

„, persuading her she was only improving the rooms to give herself something to do- (para. 24) (to persuade sb. + f/iar-clause)

Other possible uses of \"catch\" and \"persuade\": catch: persuade:

1) The police caught the runaway suspect on the train.

2) Better take the medicine with you in case you catch a cold.

3) Although he had lagged behind, Eric was determined to catch up with his classmates. ). .?':

4) His mother caught her smoking dope CS5.^) one day. 5) We tried to persuade him to accept the offer.

6) Finally, we persuaded him that we were on his side.

9. Give the verb pattern of the underlined parts in the sentences below, and then put the Chinese into English.

... while Bess was still waiting for Harry to earn enough to buy a marriage license. ( para. 10)

... and appealed to him . .. to return to his work for us. (Lesson 7: para. 26) Verb pattern:

1． 我认为你得靠自己的努力去克服困难。

2． 我们已经安排你在访问期间给大学生发表讲话。

3． 大会号召我们对正在加深的间的鸿沟给予特殊的主意。 4． 学生呼吁学校当局改善他们的生活条件。

5． 你完全可以靠她去找到解决问题的办法。 6． 越来越多的人在恳求他们的停止轰炸。 10. Put in the missing words. Dear Editor,

We are adoptive parents (养父养母)of two Chinese girls. Our（1）_________ daughter, June Ying, was adopted from Wuhan in 1995. Last October, when she was five, we (2) _________ June with us to China to adopt our (3) _________ daughter from Hainan Island.

As we got close to China, June said she(4) _________ like she was going home. She didn't want to leave China (5) _________ she got there. We told her she would (6) _________ to come home to the US with us, but she(7) _________ crying hysterically!

(8) _________ calm her, I said, \"OK, we will (9) ________ in China, but first we have to go home, sell our house, quit our (10 ) _________ and move to China. \" She (11) _________ . She feels very Chinese.

We (12) ______ spent several days in (13) _________ some business appointments that I had. My (14) _________ came with me to visit some jewelry factories.

Then we met (15) ______ adoption group and spent two weeks in Hainan and Guangzhou (l6)_______ it was time to go home.

(17) _________this time, June was glad to go home (18) _________the Chinese food here was so different from the Chinese food in the 19) _________, so she did not eat (20)______ during the trip beyond rice and noodles.

My (21) _________in telling this story is to emphasize that although two Chinese daughters are adopted by (22) _________ parents and are fully American, they (23) _________ a good Chinese self-image and are proud to also be Chinese.

The land of their (24) _______ retains a strong emotional pull over them, as it (25) ________ for us, their parents. In many ways we feel as if (26) _________ has adopted us. Best regards,

Robert Teichmann More Work on the Text Grammar

2. Put in the blanks correct adverbs of frequency.

1) This is the funniest joke I've________ ( ever, never) heard.

2) Living in a highly competitive society, people are_________ (constantly, frequently) working under pressure.

3) I_________ (continuously, always), looked for the meaning of words in the context.

4) No one could take notes as fast as the professor talked. I _________ (regularly, usually) missed more than half of each lecture.

5) In their hiding place, the criminals lived in fear_________ (again and again, all the time ). They knew the police were searching high and low for them.

6) In the U. S. a final agreement is _________ (normally, occasionally) signed in person, but a high percentage of day-to-day business is carried on through telecommunication.

7) Small talk is a kind of conversation that_________(seldom. often) leads to insight into anything significant.

8) Today many young people_________ (always, frequently) change jobs to better themselves, or simply to gain experience.

9) When I said hello to the people, they stared at me and said nothing_________ (occanionally, never) I got a reply from someone who said, \"How are you?\"

10) The boy_________ (never, ever) told his parents about his hardships in the factory. 3. Learn and use ways of expressing purpose.

2) Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets into English.

(1) The old woman is raising chickens ___________________________（是为了好玩而不是为了赚钱）.

(2) ___________________________(为了活下去) they had to eat wild plants and drink melted snow .

(3) Why don’t you take a few days off___________________________（使自己放松一下）？ (4) The family moved to the countryside___________________________（使自己生活在树木而不是楼群的周围）.

(5) Would vou explain clearly ___________________________ （以便孩子们能听懂）？ (6) We had to leave quietly ___________________________（以便不打扰其他客人）. (7) They wore a disguise___________________________（以便不被认出）. (8) ______________________ (为了不增加体重) Mary gave up sugar and butter. (9) ____________________ (为了避免任何错误) we went over everything carefully. (10) We’ll let you know the details soon（为了让你能做出自己的安排）.

(11) Many families are saving up___________________________（为了孩子上大学） (12) The teacher waited___________________________（让每个学生完成试卷）.

4. Put the correct connective in the blanks where necessary. When nothing is needed put in a slash ―/‖

1 ) As our stay was too short, we didn't have enough time to see all the places ____ (that, what) we would like to see.

2) _____ (What, Whatever your feelings may be, don't let them interfere with your work.

3) Each student is required to write a paper about _____ (that, What ) he or she has learned in the course.

4) I wouldn't believe it _____ (if, unless)I saw it with my own eyes.

5) It wasn't long _____ (when, before) the firefighters arrived, so not much damage was done 6) _____ (Because, While ) he used to drive to work, he has to ride a bicycle as he's sold his car. 7) An inch of gold will not buy an inch of time, _____ (as, like) a famous writer once said. 8) _____ (If, As long as) I'm in charge here, 111 never allow this to happen again. 9) That's exactly _____ (what, why) we've come here for.

10) They are ready to go _____ (where, wherever) they're needed most.

11) The weed is a wild plant that grows _____^ it is not wanted in a garden or a field. 12) The teacher waited _____ ( after, until) all the children crossed the street.

13) Helen Keller advised people to live every day _____ (so that, as if) they would die tomorrow. 14) My suitcase had been damaged on the journey home, _____ (so that, because) the lid wouldn't stay closed.

5. Put in right prepositions.

1 ) You cannot learn a foreign language well just _____translation.

2) We admire people who become successful _____ working _____ the bottom up. 3 ) Catherine had been living _____ her grandfather _____ the death of her parents _____ a car crash.

4) People _____ different cultures sometimes do things that make each other uncomfortable ____ knowing it. Those who have never been _____ their own country have very little experience _____ people of other cultures.

5) _____ ancient times salt was very precious. _____ some places it was even traded ounce _____ ounce _____ gold.

6) A ribbon is a narrow strip of material, used to tie things or _____ decoration. Girls like to tie their hair _____ ribbons and they are also good _____ choosing ribbons to match their hats. Some can quickly tie a ribbon _____ a beautiful bow.

7) One of the wonderful things_____ learning a language _____ an adult is that you learn a lot_____ the world.

8) This nation doesn't believe _____ fate. They trust science and feel secure when they can explain things _____ facts and numbers (statistics). _______ this, they believe that there is a reason _____ everything, and they look _____ that reason.

6. Identify and correct the mistake in each of the sentences. 1) The man coming to see Xiao Liu yesterday is his cousin.

2) In those days, the man was happier than he had never been in his life. 3) The farmers stopped working until darkness fell.

4) I'm going to the grocery store today unless you want some milk or something. 5) The family is constantly complaining about one another.

6) Is there any place nearby which I can get my pen fixed quickly?

7) When questioning the driver who caused the accident, the policeman was quite sure that the driver didn't tell the truth.

8) If I had the money, I wouldn't buy such an expensive thing. 9) Seeing is to believe.

10) It is important for college freshmen to plan their time so that not to waste their time.

More Work on the Text Written Work

Write a paragraph of about 130 words on either of the topics. 1. Compare the two sisters' lives.

2. What do you think were Lottie's regrets in old age?

Key to the exercises

1. Practice using the rules of word formation

1) Examine how the word \" transform\" is formed. Find out the meaning of the prefix \" trans-\" with the help of a dictionary.

The prefix \"trans-\ through, beyond or complete change\".

2 ) Match the words in Column I with their corresponding meanings in Column II. (1) c (2) a (3) g (4) h (5) d (6) f (7) i (8)j (9) k <10) e (11) b

3) Turn the following into verbs by adding suffixes or prefixes

enable brighten dramatize darken enlarge endanger specialize tighten encourage lighten economize glorify classify qualify intensify simplify notify unify purify identify justify

4) Complete the sentences based on the Chinese in the brackets. (1) transportation (2) transplant (3) transitional (4) transform (5) dramatize (6) enlarged (7) sweeten (8) endangered (9) lighten (10) transferred (11) summarize

4. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms.

1) are better off 2) had put your mind to 3) go about 4) added up to 5) save for 6) marveled at 7) above all 8) by comparison

9) have anything to do with 10) adds up to 11) go about

5. Based on the Chinese in the brackets, complete the sentences using the phrasal verbs of \"keep\" 1) keep her on 2) keep on 3) keep AIDS from 4) Keep out of it 5) keep it up/keep at it 6) keep off 7) keep up with

6. Put the nouns/noun phrases listed below in the proper place to form collocations. 1) terms 2) attention 3) business 4) children 5) his anger, her attempts 6) the furniture 7) errands 8) her embrace, Humiliation

7. Give the meaning of the underlined parts in the sentences below. Note how the meanings are different in different contexts. 1) race 比赛

2) hard on sb. 对某人过于为难 3) hard cash 现金

4) hard 很难的；terms 条件 5) passage 行程；航程；旅费 6) passage 通道

7) passage 文章的一段 8) race种族

9) race 跑步比赛

8. Examine the uses of \"catch\" and \"persuade\" in the sentences below, 'list other possible uses of these words and then make sentences after the models. Other possible uses of \"catch\" and \"persuade\":

catch: to catch sth. (the disease, the flu, the train, the bus, one's words,, etc. ) to catch sb. doing sth.

idiomatic expressions: \"to catch up\ persuade: to persuade sb.

to persuade sb. to do sth.

9. Give the verb pattern of the underlined parts in the sentences below, and then put the Chinese into English.

Verb pattern: vi. + prep. + n. /pron. + to-infinitive (phrase)

1) I think you'll have to depend on your. own efforts to overcome the difficulties. 2) We have arranged for.you to speak to university students during your visit.

3) The conference called on us to pay special attention to the growing gap between the rich and the poor.

4) The students appealed to the school authorities to improve their living conditions. 5) You can rely on her to find the best solution.

6) More and more people are pleading with their government to stop the bombing. 10. Put in the missing words.

(1) older/elder (2) took (3) second (4) felt (5) once (6) have (7) started/began (8) To (9) stay/live (10) job (11) agreed (12) first (13) for (14) family (15) the (16) before (17) By (18) because (19) US (20) much

(21) point (22) American (23) retain/keep (24) birth (25) does (26) China More Work on the Text Grammar

2. Put in the blanks correct adverbs of frequency. 1) ever 2) constantly 3) always 4) usually

5) all the time 6) normally 7) seldom 8) frequently 9) Occasionally 10) never

3. Learn and use ways of expressing purpose.

2) Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets into English. (1) for pleasure, not for money (2) To stay alive (3) to relax a bit

(4) so as to have trees around them instead of buildings (5) so that children can understand (6) so as not to disturb other guests (7) so as not to be recognized (8) In order not to put on weight (9) To avoid any mistake

(10) in order that you can make your arrangements (11) for their child to go to college

(12) for every student to finish the exam

4. Put the correct connective in the blanks where necessary. When nothing is needed put in a slash ―/‖

1) that or / 2) Whatever 3) what 4) unless 5) before 6) While 7) as 8) As long as

9) what 10) where 11) where 12) until 13) as if 14) so that

5. Put in right prepositions.

1) by 2) by, from 3) with, since, in 4) from, without, out of， with/of 5) In, In, for, like 6) for, with, at, into 7) about, as, about 8) in, by. Because of, for, for

6. Identify and correct the mistake in each of the sentences. 1) The man -who came to see Xiao Liu yesterday is his cousin.

2) In those days, the man was happier than he had ever been in his life.

3) The farmers didn't stop working until darkness fell. Or; The farmers worked until darkness fell. 4) I'm not going to the grocery store today unless you want some milk or something. Or: I'll go to/m going to the grocery store today if you want some milk or something. 5) The family are constantly complaining about one another.

6) Is there any place nearby -where/in -which I can get my laptop fixed quickly?

7) When questioning the driver who caused the accident, the police was quite sure that the driver wasn't telling the truth.

8) Even if I had the money, I wouldn't buy such an expensive thing. 9) Seeing is believing.

10) It is important for college freshmen to plan their time so that they don't waste it. More Work on the Text Written Work

Write a paragraph of about 130 words on either of the topics. 1. Compare the two sisters' lives.

2. What do you think were Lottie's regrets in old age ? Samples:

1. Neither Lottie's nor Bess's life is anything for me to envy. For Lottie, life was all work and no play. All her life, she saved, and saved for the peace of mind in old age. As she believed that \"a job in hand was worth two in the future\she gave up her dream of college. She remained single simply because she wouldn't give up a well-paying job. When she realized what she had missed in life it was a little too late. Bess's life was the opposite: all play and no work. She enjoyed life, but never thought of sharing the burden of making a living, first with her parents, later with her husband. When her husband died and she was penniless, she had to depend on Lottie. (130 words) 2. In old age Lottie might have two major regrets. First, it was wrong not to follow her instructors' advice to go to college. In her high school years，she, worked and saved for her dream of college. Unfortunately, because of her short-sightedness, she quit school in the last year for what she thought was a good job. Second, she expected to marry and have a family, as young women normally do. But again, fear of losing her pay made her hesitate when she had the opportunity. As her goal was to save for her old age, she lived stingily and never had people come to her house. So she had no friends. When she retired at age 60, she was lonely and couldn't adapt to life without work. (120 words)

Lesson Eleven You Have to Get Me Out of Here

I. Discussion

1) Is courage only to be found in wars? How is it displayed in everyday life? 2) What do you think are the sources of courage? II. Vocabulary

1. Practice using the rules of word formation.

1) Examine how the word \"marriage\" is formed and then turn the following into words that end with \"-age\" and vice versa. Add more words to the list. marriage: _____ + _____

link __________ ton __________ post __________ foot __________ pack __________ coin __________ store __________ _____ __________

__________ mileage __________ bandage __________ baggage __________ coverage __________ passage __________ shortage __________ carriage

2) Examine how the word \"critical-care\" is formed. Give the meaning of the compound words. critical (adj.) + care (n..) —> critical-care (adj.) (1) a large-scale action (6) low-quality product (2) a long-term contract (7) a high-speed road (3) short-term effects (8) a blue-collar worker (4) an open-door policy (9) a hot-water bottle

(5) a high-risk investment (10) strong-arm methods

3) Complete the sentences based on the Chinese in the brackets.

(1) The travelers needed a guide for their __________ (通道) through the jungle. (2) He entered the room with a large __________ (一包) of books in his arms. (3) The doctor quickly put a __________ (绷带) round the injured arm.

(4) It is reported that a severe water __________ (缺乏) will occur in this area. (5) They put an immediate ban on all news __________ (报道) of the event.

(6) Don’t leave your __________ (行李) with anyone you don't know at the railway station. (7) A __________ (长期的) research project at Harvard University has been examin?ing the relationship between human emotion and their defensive behavior.

(8) They are now doing a __________ (小范围的) investigation about the matter. (9) You may reap a huge profit from your __________ (高风险的) investment.

(10) On the Shanghai Stock Exchange, the __________ (高科技的) stocks are still very much in demand.

2. Give the opposite of the following. 1) advanced 15) steep 2) to cleanse 16) to trust 3) to clench 17) comfort

4) to expose 18) to encourage 5) frail 19) frugal

6) to ignore 20) to hire

7) initial 21) humble 8) to lengthen 22) in rags 9) to pass out 23) tolerable 10) perfect 24) mean (adj.) 11) presence 25) miserly 12) reparable 26) settled 13) rough 27) shabby 14) to sever 28) vague

3. Complete the sentences with the proper forms of the expressions listed below. to be attached to to care for to distract sb. from sth. a matter of to look sb. in the eye to pass out

to see sb. through sth. to wear off to take (time) off

1) After his parents got killed in the air crash, the Smiths __________ Carl as if he were their own child.

2) For the development of our central and western regions we need a lot of things. It's not just __________ money.

3) Jack is planning to do part-time jobs to __________ him __________ college. 4) Fashions come and go. Novelty always __________ as time goes by.

5)I __________ a day __________ last Wednesday to meet my father at the airport.

6) Mr. Shen __________. while walking along a street and found himself in the hospital when he came to.

7) She did not dare to __________ me __________ when she told me the story and I knew that she had made it all up.

8) He began to feel a terrible pain in the chest after the effects of the drug ___________, but the pain didn't last long.

9) It was Rose who __________ me __________ my most difficult times. I'll never forget that. 10) I think we will sooner or later realize that it was a mistake. It's just __________ time. 11) My brother's sudden arrival that morning __________ me __________ my work.

12) Joan is working at the emergency room of the hospital __________ the Beijing Medical School.

4. Give verbs or phrasal verbs that often go with the following nouns.

1) to ________________________________________________________ a chance 2) to ________________________________________________________ a/the journey 3) to ________________________________________________________ a license 4) to ________________________________________________________ a plan 5) to ________________________________________________________ a risk

6) to ________________________________________________________ a/ the / one's skill 7) to ________________________________________________________ one's/the mind 8) to ________________________________________________________ one's/the weight 9) to ________________________________________________________ business 10) to _______________________________________________________ fortune 11) to ________________________________________________________ the pain 12) to ________________________________________________________ the situation

5. Choose the right word and put it In the proper form. 1) ? missing ? lost

(1) When I found quite a few pages ______ in the dictionary, I wrote the bookstore a letter of complaint.

(2) There is no use feeling sorry for our ______ youth.

(3) Several hundred people were reported ______ after the earthquake. 2) ? to shake ? to tremble ? to shiver

(1) The instruction reads ______ the bottle before you take the medicine. (2) He ______ with anger; his eyes glared fiercely.

(3) The night in the desert was cold. We were ______ all over.

(4) Alice ______ with fear. She knew that it would soon be completely dark in the forest. 3) ? to shine ? to glow ? to gleam ? to shimmer

(1) Before going on the date, Robert polished his shoes until they _______. (2) The lake was beautiful, with its surface ______ in the moonlit night.

(3) When I looked out of the window, I could see lights of the village ______ in the distance. (4) We all sat around the ______ fire and chattered.

(5) The ______ headlights of the cars could be seen through the fog.

6. Examine the uses of \"bear\" and \"help\" in the sentences below. List other possible uses of these words and then make sentences after the models.

. . . with only a few handholds to bear a climber's weight. (para. 3) (to bear sth.)

The nurse helped Ric and others put Katie on the table. (para. 23) (to help sb. do sth. )

Other possible uses of \"bear\" and \"help\": bear: help:

1) We couldn't bear to see people there suffer from cold and hunger. 2) These measures will help to raise the people's living standards. 3) I couldn‘t help laughing when I saw him wearing odd shoes.

4) He said he still remembered how I helped him with his pronunciation when he first came. 5) —Shall I help you to the fish? — No, thanks. Ill help myself.

7. Give the verb pattern of the underlined pans in the sentences below, list other possible adjectives, and then using the pattern, put the Chinese into English. But ... Dr. Fisher was surprised to find the lower leg warm. (para. 30) He was determined to show it. (Lesson 7: para. 23) Verb pattern:

Other possible adjectives:

1)我们很高兴被邀请参加他们的婚礼。 2)得到那份工作他十分满意。

3）外国朋友听说这座桥在两年内就建成了感到很惊讶。 4）他很失望地了解到委员会没有采纳他的提议。 5）当局害怕看到铁路工人罢工。

6）这次考试我又没及格，很不好意思。 7）泰勒夫人得知她丈夫安全后就放心了。

8）他看到他孩子对母亲大喊大叫感到生气。 9）他发现他的房门大开，十分吃惊。 10)人人都相信很快就会大白。 8. Put in the missing words.

One night during her senior year in high school, Heather got a phone call at the store (1) ______ she worked. \"There's been an accident, \" her mother said. Her alcoholic (喝酒成瘾的) father had been (2) ______ and riding his motorcycle. He died two days (3) ______.

Heather (4) ______ what alcohol had done to her father. She needed to do something to make herself feel less powerless (5) ______ the enemy that had (6) ______ her father's life. She went to the library to find what she do on alcohol and drug abuse (滥用), then called area schools. Soon she was standing before (9) ______ sea of young faces a talk called \"Drug-Free Me\".

\"See all those pretty dreams?\" she asked, (11) ______ to students'pictures of what they to be on the walls: firelighters, doctors and astronauts. \"They can never come if you turn to drugs and (14) ______.\"

Since then Heather, now a university student, has (15) ______ to give talks at high schools, \"it's (16) ______ to think of a faceless stranger out (17) ______ you may kill, \" she tells her audiences, \"so think about the (18) ______ you are hurting now — like the family who will you forever if you die.\" III. Grammar

1. Turn the verbs in brackets Into the right form (proper tenses and the right voice). Add a modal where one is needed.

1) In 1912, the Titanic ______ (hit) an iceberg (冰山) on its first trip across the Atlantic, and it ______ (sink) four hours later. At that time, the Titanic ______ (be) the largest ship that ______ (ever travel; on the sea. It ______ (carry) 2, 207 people, but it ______ (take on) enough lifeboats for only 1, 178. When the passengers ______ (try) to leave the ship, only 651 of them ______ (be.) able to get into lifeboats.

2) Another ship, the Carpathia, ______ (arrive) two hours after the Titanic ______ (go down), and it ______ (pick up) 705 people. Some of the survivors ______ (be) in the icy water for hours when they ______ (save). Most of the passengers ______ (not live) that long; 1, 502 people (lose; their lives.

3) Why ______ (be) there such a great loss of life? Why ______ (be) ______ there so few survivors?

4) First of all, nobody (prepare) ______ for such a tragedy. Nobody _________ (believe) that the Titanic ______ (sink). The steamship company ______ (think) that its ship ______ (be) completely safe in all situations. They ______ (follow) an old rule for the number of lifeboats, so they ______ (supply) lifeboats for only half the people. The passengers ______ (not yet receive) their lifeboat numbers, nor they ______ (practice) lifeboat drill before the accident. Many of them (not even dress) warmly, for the ship ______ (hit) the iceberg late at night, when many of them ______ (sleep).

5) The Titanic _______ (already receive) six ice warnings on its radio when it _______ (strike) the iceberg. Nevertheless, it (not change) its direction or its speed. It ______ (be) impossible to change direction quickly enough when the iceberg ______ (come) in sight. When the Titanic ______ (send) a call for help, the radio officer on the Californian who ______ (send) the warnings ______ (just go) to bed and ______ (not hear) the call.

6) After this accident, ocean travel ______ (change). Now there ______ (be) always enough lifeboats for everybody. Ships ______ (not go) so far north in winter, and they ______ (watch) carefully for ice. Radio officers _________ (work) 24 hours a day. A tragedy like the sinking of the Titanic ______ (never happen) again.

2. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese ln braekets using a pattern as shown in the examples. Examp1es:

They had never seen a worse nn1ury than Katie's. Her song grew wilder and wilder.

My roses are as white as the foam of the sea.

It was the hardest physical effort he had ever experienced.

When Harry died, Bess wept as hard as f he had left her a fortune.

I want to take Bessie out of the false position, and the sooner, the better.

1） With the loving care of his parents, ______________________________（那男孩越来越强壮了）．

2）Thcy said that it was ______________________________ （他们所参加的组织得最好的一次亚运会). 3）He was holding thc cup ______________________________ (小心翼翼的样子就好像那是一件珍贵的宝物).

4）When he hcard the name ______________________________（他的脸一下子变得纸一样的煞白），

5） The f1rst timc he met Jean，he treated her ______________________________ (亲密的样子就好像他认识她已有多年了），

6)(他车越开越快) ______________________________ until he was stopped by the trafic police. 7）I've never met ______________________________（比他更自信的人)．

8）The larger an enterprisc is, ______________________________ (管理问题也就越大）

9）______________________________ (随着中国人的家庭收人不断提高), they have more money avai1ab1e for trips abroad.

10) They said that they had never had ______________________________ 北京烤鸭更好吃的食物）。

11） The more nervous you are, ______________________________ （出错也会越多). 12） There has never been ______________________________ (比他们圄家举办奥运的决心更大的国家）。

13） More and more Chincse are 1earning English ______________________________ (随着2008年奥运会的日益临近）， 14）In thc northeast of China，there is no ______________________________ (比这更好的剧院) 15）______________________________ (职位越高)，the greater the responsibility that goes with it.

3. Combine each pair of the sentences, using a participle phrase as shown in the examples.

Example 1: The detective was searching the suspect's apartment. He discovered important evidence.

—> Searching the suspect's apartment, the detective discovered important evidence. Example 2: The boy was terribly frightened. He started crying. —> Terribly frightened, the boy started crying.

Example 3: The children didn't know what to do. They decided to ask a policeman for help. —> Not knowing what to do, the children decided to ask a policeman for help. 1) He was walking along the canal one day. He ran into an old friend of his.

2) She was sitting in the corner of the classroom. She couldn't hear the teacher clearly. 3) The guard didn't know the man was the new director. He stopped the man.

4) The new teacher was filled with confidence. She walked onto the platform and began her first lesson.

5) He was feeling for the switch in the dark. He touched something hot and screamed. 6) The police were armed with water hoses. They set out to meet the demonstrators.

7) The farmer and his wife were determined to stay on their land. They refused to join their children in the city.

8) People were moved by the little girl's devotion to her parents. They decided to help her.

9) Xiao Han was not satisfied with a minor prize. He made up his mind to go for the top prize next year.

10) The room was heated by the fireplace. It was nice and warm. 4. Choose the right preposition for each blank. 1) She felt tired out ______ (for, from) overwork.

2) She tried to put her worries ______ (from, off) her mind, but in vain.

3) Yesterday afternoon I had an interview with a man ______ (from, of) CCTV. 4) He ran ______ (against, into) a tree while cycling to school and fell _________ (from, off) his bike.

5) What happened ______ (in, through) the past week has opened my eyes ______ (to, into) my weaknesses.

6) The students suggest that the library be open, _______ (through, throughout) the summer vacation.

7) (From, Out of) _____ sympathy for the orphan baby, the couple decided to adopt her. 8) A great book can take you ______ (in, into) a world youVe never experienced before. 9) No one can build a castle overnight and ______ (from, out of) thin air.

10) ______ (With, Through) ten years of teaching ______ (behind, for) her, she'll do fine as principal of the school.

11) He said ______ (with, in) a husky voice, \"it's very kind of you to invite me (into, to) the party.\"

12) Knowing his son was capable ___________ (for, of) doing anything irrational _______ (in, with) anger, Mr. Blake told him to constantly guard _________ (against, with) losing his temper. 13) ______ (Over, Throughout) the next two years ______ (during, in) researching and teaching, their friendship blossomed _______ (into, with) romantic love.

14) A look of trust ______ (from, in) the patient's eyes steadied the young surgeon's hand.

15) ______ (After, With) a hard day's work, her legs were stiff. The moment she reached home, she sank ______ (in, into) an armchair ______ (beside, by) the door. IV Written work

The writer believes that the similarities between nations outweigh the differences. Describe his arguments in 120-130 words. Key to the exercises I. Discussion

II. Vocabulary

1. Practice using the rules of -word formation.

1) Examine how the word \"marriage\" is formed and then turn the following into words that end with \"-age\" and vice versa. Add more words to the list. The suffix \"-age\ linkage mile postage bag package pass storage band tonnage cover footage short coinage carry

2) Examine how the word \"critical-care\" is formed. Give the meaning of the compound words. （1）大规模行动 （6）劣质产品 （2）长期的合同 （7）高速公路 （3）短期的效应 （8）蓝领工人 （4）门户开放的 （9）热水瓶 （5）高风险的投资 （10）强硬方式

3) Complete the sentences based on the Chinese in the brackets. (1) passage (2) package (3) bandage (4) shortage (5) coverage

(6) luggage (7) long-term (8) small-scale (9) high-risk (10) high-tech 2. Give the opposite of the following.

1) backward 10) imperfect/bad/poor 19) wasteful/lavish 2) to dirty 11) absence 20) to fire/to dismiss

3) to let go/to loosen/to relax 12) irreparable 22) rich

4) to hide/to conceal/to cover 13) smooth/flat 23) intolerable

5) strong/tough 14) to unite/to join/to bind! 24) generous/unselfish 6) to pay attention to/to notice 15) flat/gradual 25) generous/kind 7) final/last 16) to distrust 26) unsettled

8) to shorten 17) discomfort 28) clear/definite 9) to come to 18) to discourage

3. Complete the sentences with the proper forms of the expressions listed below. 1) cared for 2) a matter of 3) see, through 4) wears off 5) took, off 6) passed out

7) look, in the eye 8) wore off 9) saw, through 10) a matter of 11) distracted, from 12) attached to

4. Give verbs or phrasal verbs that often go with the following nouns. For example:

1) get, give, grab, have, see, seize, stand, take, win

2) arrange, continue, enjoy, go on, guide, have, make, plan 3) get, give, have, issue, lose, renew

4) announce, carry out, change, discuss, draw up, fulfill, have, make, work out 5) take, run, increase, reduce, face, involve

6) learn, test, develop, acquire, exhibit, show, improve, need

7) make up, change, cross, enter, know, speak, lose 8) bear, gain, pick up, put on, lose

9) discuss, do, get down to, go into, go out of, launch, mean, start 10) make, seek, tell, spend, cost

11) cause, feel, bear, endure, have, reduce, relieve, kill, suffer from 12) change, ease, encounter, experience, handle, stabilize 5. Choose the right word and put it in the proper 1) (1) missing (2) lost (3) missing

2) (1) Shake (2) trembled (3) shivering (4) trembled

3) (1) shone (2) shimmering (3) gleaming (4) glowing (5) gleaming

6. Examine the uses of ―bear‖ and ―help‖ in the sentences below. List other possible uses of these words and then make sentences after the models. Other possible uses of \"bear\" and \"help\" :

bear: to bear sth. (responsibility, consequences, burden, cost, etc. ) to bear to do sth. help: to help sb. to help to do sth.

to help sb. with some job to help sb. to some food

can't/ couldn't help doing sth.

7. Give the verb pattern of the underlined parts in the sentences below. List other possible adjectives, and then using the pattern, put the Chinese into English. Verb pattern; be + adj. + to-infinitive (phrase)

Other possible adjectives: afraid, amazed, ashamed, astonished, delighted, determined, dis- appointed, pleased, relieved, satisfied, shocked

1) We are delighted to be invited to their wedding ceremony. 2) He was quite satisfied to get the job.

3) The foreign friends were astonished to hear that the bridge was completed in two years. 4) He was disappointed to learn that the committee didn't adopt his proposal. 5) The authorities were afraid to see the railway workers on strike. 6) I'm ashamed to have failed the test again.

7) Mrs.Taylor was relieved to learn that her husband was safe. 8) He was angry to see his boy scream at his mother. 9) He was amazed to find his room wide open.

10) Everybody believes that the truth will be sure to come out soon. 10. Put in the missing words. (1) where (2) drinking (3) later (4) hated (5) against

(6) taken (7) could (8) and (9) a (10) giving (11) pointing (12) want

(13) true (14) alcohol (15) continued

(16) hard (17) there (18) people (19) miss III. Grammar

1. Turn the verbs in brackets into the right form (proper tenses and the right voice). Add a modal where one is needed.

1) hit, sank, was, had ever traveled, was carrying, had taken on, tried, were 2) arrived, had gone down, picked up, had been, were saved, hadn't lived, lost 3) was, were

4) had prepared, had believed, could sink, had thought, would be, had followed, had supplied, had not yet received, had they practiced, had not even dressed, hit, were sleeping

5) had already received, struck, did not change, was, came, sent, had sent, had just gone, did not hear

6) changed, are, don't go, watch, work, should never happen

2. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in brackets, using a pattern as shown in the examples.

1) the boy's getting stronger and stronger

2) the best organized Asian Games they had ever attended 3) as carefully as if it were a precious treasure 4) his face turned as white as a sheet of paper

5) as intimately as if they had known each other for years 6) He drove faster and faster

7) a more self-confident man (than he is) 8) the greater the problem of management

9) As the income of Chinese families grows/increases 10) any more delicious food than the roast Beijing duck 11) the more mistakes you will make

12) a country (that is ) more determined to host the Olympic Games than theirs 13) With the day of the 2008 Olympic Games drawing nearer and nearer 14) theatre better than this one 15) The higher one's position (is)

3. Combine each pair of the sentences, using a participle phrase as shown in the examples. 1) Walking along the canal one day, he ran into an old friend of his.

2) Sitting in the corner of the classroom, she couldn't hear the teacher clearly. 3) Not knowing the man was the new director, the guard stopped him.

4) Filled with confidence, the new teacher walked onto the platform and began her first les?son. 5) Feeling for the switch in the dark, he touched something hot and screamed. 6) Armed with water hoses, the police set out to meet the demonstrators.

7) Determined to stay on their land, the farmer and his wife refused to join their children in the city.

8) Moved by the little girl's devotion to her parents, people decide to help her.

9) Not satisfied with a minor prize, Xiao Han made up his mind to go for the top prize next year. 10) Heated by the fireplace, the room was nice and warm. 4. Choose the right proposition for each blank. 1) from 6) through/throughout 11) in, to 2) off 7) Out of 12) of, in, against

3) from 8) into 13) Over, in, into 4) into, off 9) out of 14) in

5) in, to 10) With, behind 15) After, into, by IV Written work

Answer either question in about 120—130 words.

1. What made it possible to save not only Katie's life but also her almost severed leg ? 2. Describe Katie's accident, rescue and treatment. Samples

1. Katie's presence of mind plus her knowledge of self-rescue and critical care played the most important role. She directed her own rescue and told Ric to tie her injured leg to stop the bleeding and to get her down the mountain. Ric's devotion was as great as Katie's own effort. With Katie in his arms, he struggled down the trail, fighting fear, sickness at the sight of Katie's injured leg and exhaustion, and carried Katie to a field of rock where they got into a truck. Finally, the emergency-medical system worked so efficiently. At 3:30, Katie was picked up by the truck. She was then rushed to a medical center where she was given emergency treatment. At about 5! 00, a helicopter arrived to take her to a hospital. (129 words)

2. At about 2:30, sitting on a steep slope, Katie was badly injured in a rock-slide. Her left leg was almost severed. She remembered her motto: \"Face the fear, know what you have to do and do it. \" She told Ric to help stop the bleeding. Next, she told Ric to take her out of the place. Ric did what Katie told him and carried her in his arms down the mountain. Luckily, at about 3s 30, they were picked up by a truck. Then two policemen and several volunteer emergency-medical technicians rushed them to a medical center where Katie was given an injection. At about 5!00, a helicopter came and took her to a hospital. Within three hours after the accident, Katie was safe in the care of experienced medical people. (131 words)

Lesson Twelve Confession of a Miseducated Man

I. Discussion:

1) What do geography, anthropology and many other courses usually tell us about the differences between races and nations? Can you list some of these differences? What does the author think of these differences? Are they important in his opinion?

2) If you happen to disagree with the author and think that it is extremely important to realize the differences, how would you present your case? (The following points are for your reference. ) (1) If we do not understand these differences, communication is impossible and misunderstanding will occur.

(2) Only when we understand the differences can we learn to respect other cultures, other nations and other peoples.

(3) Only when we know the differences can we compare with our own and learn from others. 3) Discuss how the author bases his arguments:

(1) We need to respect all human beings because human life is such a rare occurrence. (2) Globalization makes us all part of the whole.

(3) Today we have many serious problems that depend on our global perspective for solution. Please elaborate on each point.

4) Do you agree that tribalism is standing in our way to progress today? How about neo-imperialism or world hegemony in the name of globalization? Interview a classmate. Be prepared to summarize his/her opinion.

II. Vocabulary

1. Practice using the rules of word formation.

1) Examine how the words \"miseducated\" and \"citizenship\" are formed. Find out the meaning of the prefix \" mis-\" and the suffix \" -Ship\" with the help of a dictionary. miseducated: _________ + __________ citizenship: _________ + __________

2) Turn the following into nouns that end with the suffix \" -ship\". Add more words to the list. Example: friend (n.) + -ship —> friendship (n.) citizen ____________ member ____________ fellow ____________ relation ____________ kin ____________ statesman ____________ leader ____________

3) Turn the following into verbs that start with the prefix ―mis-‖ and vice versa. Add more words to the list.

Example: mis- + judge (v.) —> misjudge (v.) fire ____________ pronounce ____________ guide ___________ treat ____________ lead ____________ trust ____________ print ____________ use ____________

__________ misinform ____________ misspell ____________ misinterpret ____________ mistake ____________ misplace ____________ misunderstand

4) Complete the sentences based on the Chinese in the brackets. (1) I could not possibly have been ________ (弄错) on that point.

(2) It is very difficult for me to speak to you if you choose to __________ (误会) me.

(3) In the speech,he ________ (错用) the word \"crusade\" which has the meaning of a religious war.

(4) I have noticed that quite a few words have been writing.

(5) It is very impolite to ________ (读错) the name of such a distinguished guest. (6) Don't let his beautiful words ________ (误导) you.

(7) They denied that they had ________ (虐待) the prisoners of war. (8) ________ (成员资格) of the association is considered an honour.

(9) Under her ________ (领导), the factory has fulfilled its plan ahead of schedule.

(10) It showed his great ________ (政治家的才能) to bring the peaceful settlement to that international dispute.

(11) She went overseas on a ________ (全额奖学金) and got her Ph.D in a well-known university.

5) Give the noun forms of the following verbs or adjectives. 1) to combine 13) to vary

2) to comprehend 14) comparative 3) to depend 15) curious 4) to inspire 16) deep

5) to instruct 17) intelligent 6) to occur 18) loyal 7) to possess 19) remote 8) to prefer 20) separate 9) to pursue 21) significant 10) to refer 22) similar 11) to require 23) simple 12) to respond 24) unique

2. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms. all but in terms of to act on to give way to

to protect sb. against sth. to respond to to take in to turn out (that-clause) to wipe out

1) The world economy is now facing a steady decline. All countries will have to ________. this quickly and effectively.

2) The government has taken tough actions to ______ people ______ business cheating. 3) You can't expect a child of ten to _______the full meaning of social responsibility.

4) I was delayed by some urgent business. So by the time I got to the cinema the movie was _________over.

5) If we had _________ his advice, we could have saved many people's lives.

6) A terrorist attack with biological weapons can _______________ hundreds of thousands of ordinary people at one go.

7) He did not look very impressive, but later it _________ that he was a very learned man.

8) China is now the seventh largest economy in the world __________ GNP. But average per capita income, it is still a developing country.

9) More people will face cold and hunger when autumn ______________ winter. 10) We must think carefully before we take action; we must not _________ impulse.

11)1 thought that not many people would be interested, but it __________ that no less than 300 people came to the lecture.

12) It may be difficult to _________ the gap between the rich and the poor completely, but we must prevent it from further widening.

13) At the recent APEC meeting, we emphasized the importance of economic cooperation in the Asian Pacific region, and all countries _________ our suggestion warmly.

14) I have mixed feelings about the changes that have taken place in my home village. Yes, candles have ____________ electric lights, horse-carts have ____________ buses and trains and tea has _________ Coca-Cola. But the river is full of garbage, and the trees and flowers have _________ disappeared.

3. Put the following into English. 1）满足需要 7）预想结果 2）占领空间 8）改变平衡 3）绕过法律 9）取消关税 4）抓住意思 11)追求信仰

5）尊重差别 11）具有某种能力 6）预见未来 12）关系人类幸福

4. Based on the Chinese in the brackets, complete the sentences using Idiomatic expressions of \"out of\"

1) I'm asking the question purely ____________ (处于好奇 ) . Please don't take it seriously. 2) Jack had done all that ? __________ (处于嫉妒) but he didn't admit it.

3) ___________. (出于害怕), the Browns cancelled their trip to the States after the September 11 incident.

4) Most people who were ________________ (失业) last year are now re-employed. 5) The car went ___________ (失控) and crashed over the tunnel wall. 6) The one-thousand-metre run only put her a little ________ (气喘吁吁)

7 ) We were all relieved to hear that the two kidnapped engineers were ________ (脱险)

8)1 told my mother not to wear that dress as it was ____________ (式样过时), but she wouldn't listen.

9) They waved to her until the train was ________ (看不见).

10) Mike acted in such a strange way that some of his Mends thought he might be ________ (神经不正常).

11) Don't hang your sweater there. It will get _______________ (变形).

12) Can you imagine what human life will be like if ecology is ________ (失去平衡). 13) You must hold your camera still or the pictures will be ________ (不聚焦). 14) I didn't sing well as I was ___________ (缺少练习).

5. Examine the uses of \"concern\" in the sentences below. List other possible uses of the word and then make sentences after the models.

The next lesson would concern the human situation itself... (para. 10) (to concern sth. )

It is concerned with human destiny; ... (para. 11) (to be concerned with sth. )

Other possible uses of concern:

1) Mr.Lin has concerned himself with /about the desertification problem for more than twenty years.

2) We are concerned about energy supply in our country.

3) The spokesman of our government expressed our deep concern for our embassy people who got seriously injured during the bombing.

6. Give the meaning of the underlined parts in the sentences below. Note how the meanings are different in different contexts.

1 ) They believed that Darwin's theory of struggle for survival also applies to human society. 2)1 don't have that much money. I have to apply for a scholarship. 3 ) Could you arrange these books in proper order? 4) Now leave immediately. That's an order!

5 ) Are you ready to order? I think 111 just have some noodles. 6) Many innocent people died in the course of the war.

7 ) There is no cure for the common cold. It just has to run its natural course.

8) He said that it would be a simple meal. But it turned out to be a 12-course banquet.

9) Tests have proved this medicine quite effective. Starting from next month, we are going to produce it on a large scale.

10) Happiness is not something you can weigh on a scale.

11) This state-owned factory used to have an 8- scale wage system.

12) It was a funny-looking fish without scales. I had never seen that kind of fish before.

7. Give the verb patterns of the underlined parts in the sentences below. List other possible verbs, and then make sentences using the pattern and the information given.

It taught me the things that make one place or one people different from another. (para. 3) ... and the conditions that made it pleasant or hostile to human life. (para. 5) ... Dr. Fisher was surprised to find the lower leg warm. (Lesson 11: para. 30) Verb pattern:

Other possible verbs:

1 ) Shu Miao took the medicine and the pain was soon gone. The medicine was effective. (to prove)

III. Grammar

1. Practice using infinitives.

1) Combine the pairs of sentences using one of the patterns as shown in the examples. With a composition to write, he can't afford to go to the movie. In order to enter for the sports meet, the boy had to train hard.

It would be a good idea for these children to learn how to survive in difficult situations. (1) The man has to provide for a family of five. So he has to work 60 hours a week.

(2) Does a language student need to know a little of everything? I think it would be a good thing. (3) I have two exams to worry about. So I have to work real hard this weekend.

(4) The event provided an opportunity. Chinese and foreign students could take the opportunity to communicate with each other.

(5) The girl wanted to become a ballet dancer. For this purpose, she left for London. (6) The teacher requires the students to know all the texts by heart. This is unreasonable.

(7) Many parents worry about their adult children. They have no reason to do so, for their children must tackle problems themselves.

(8) She had a sick child to care for. So she had to quit her job.

(9) The film crew (剧组) has been waiting several days. They hope the weather will clear up. (10) They wanted to save time. So they moved to an apartment near their workplace.

2) Join the parts from both columns to make sentences. (1) The duty of a doctor is A. to do a bit of housework. (2) It wouldn't hurt him B. to deal with people like him.

(3) That's the only way C. for a 12-year-old child to run a company of that size. (4) They lifted a rock

(5) To save every penny for his D. to save the dying and cure the sick, daughter's education, E. seems rude.

(6) It's simply impossible F. how to get information for a research paper. (7) From Professor Jin, I learned

(8) To turn down the invitation G. what to do in an emergency

(9) Not to strive for success H. is regarded as a crime against the state U. S. (10) The manager knows exactly I.he gave up his favorite food. J.only to drop it on their own feet, as aChineseproverbgoes.

2. Practice using the anticipatory ―it‖

1) Rewrite the sentences using the patterns below. It turned out that ...

It is/was possible/necessary/important, etc. that … It is /was + a noun phrase + to do ...

(1) Children should be brought up in a healthy environment. This is important. (2) They discovered that the FBI agent was a spy working for a foreign country.

(3) To be able to accept defeat gracefully is a desirable quality in a sportsman/ sportswoman. (4) I'm not sure if a child of six could write a poem like that. It sounds impossible. (5) Both parties should be aware of the risks of such a huge project. This is important.

(6) Parents are unable to say \"no\" to their children's unreasonable requests. It is a sign of weakness on their part.

(7) I discovered that my high school math teacher was a friend of my father's.

(8) The pop star may be recognized by his fans on his way to the concert hall and therefore be delayed. This is quite possible.

(9) We found almost everybody in the town turned out to welcome him. This was amazing.

(10) Some people believe that some languages are superior to others. This is an indication of ignorance.

3. ''Practice using \"not but. \" and \"not only ... but (also) ..\"

1) Combine the pairs of sentences using \"not ... but ...\" or \"not only ... but (also) Example 1: What he lacks is not the ability to do the job. What he lacks is the confidence to do it well. —> What he lacks is not the ability to do the job, but the confidence to do it well.

Example 2: He is anxious to acquire knowledge. He is also anxious to use what he has learned. —> He is anxious not only to acquire knowledge but also to use what he has learned.

(1) What children really want from their parents are not material things. They want care and attention.

(2) Remember we do not live to eat. We eat to live.

(3) Professor Yuan is well known for his research in physics at home. He is also well known for that abroad.

(4) Happiness does not exist in riches. Happiness exists in your peace of mind.

(5) The university is proud of its beautiful campus and good facilities. It is also proud of its strong teaching staff.

(6) A PC is not to be used as a typewriter. It is to be used as a multi-purpose electronic machine. (7) These people didn't come to China to seek their fortune. They came to help with her modernization.

(8) To be a good driver, you need skills. You also need the presence of mind to deal with emergencies.

(9) Present at the professor's funeral were many of his students. The Minister of Education herself was also present.

(10) The thief robbed them of all their money and valuables. The thief also robbed them of all the pleasure of traveling.

(11) Their problem was not that they lacked up-to-date equipment. Their problem was that they didn't know how to use their human resources.

(12) The English director was surprised to find that the Chinese audiences understood his production of Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice. They also appreciated it.

2) Make up sentences about the two topics, using \"not... but...\" or \"not only ... but (also) ...\". (1) What do you think is a teacher's job? What is your idea of a good teacher? Sample answers:

A teacher's job is not merely teaching what he/she knows but showing the students how to learn by their own.

A teacher should be not only professionally competent but also morally sound.

(2) What are your immediate and long-term goals in life? Sample answers:

My immediate goal is not to get good grades but to develop in an all-round way.

My immediate goal is not only to do well in all the courses I take but also to get an all-round education.

4. Put In articles or other determiners where necessary. When nothing is needed, put in a slash \"/\ 1) _____ last Sunday _____ firefighters hurried to _____ Seagull Hotel and quickly put out small fire in bedroom. ___ hotel manager said that _____ cigarette started fire.

2) _____ people seem to have _____ genius for learning languages. They can pick up _____ new words, master _____ rules of grammar, and learn to write in new language more quickly than others.

3) _____ successful language learners are _____ independent learners. They discover _____ own way to learn _____ language and try to find _____ patterns and rules for themselves. Also, they look for _____ clues and form _____ own conclusions. When they prove to be wrong, they learn from _____ mistakes.

4) _____ successful learners do not lose _____ chance to use _____ language they are learning with _____ native speakers, and they ask _____ people to correct them when

they make _____ mistake. They are eager to express _____ ideas in ____ language. They are well aware that it is more important to learn to think in _____ language than to know _____ meaning of

_____ word.

5) _____ successful language learners are learners with ___ purpose. They learn language in order to learn about ___ country where _____ language is spoken and to communicate with people.

5. Identify and correct the mistake in each of the sentences. 1) By the time we reached the airport, the plane took off.

2) Knowing not what to do next, they decided to ask Xiao Li for advice. 3) The longer they stayed in China, they appreciated her culture more. 4) Seeing a stranger rushing out of the house, he looked out of the window. 5 ) The couple treated the orphan girl as she were their own daughter. 6) I've never seen a more beautiful sunset like this.

7) Mobile phones been made in China are as good as foreign brands.

8) When Katie was thrown into the air, Ric still climbed toward where she was.

9) That wouldn't cost much to have your PC upgraded (升级)now that the price of CPU has gone down a lot.

10) Sitting cross-legged on the slope, a big rock fell right on Katie's left leg.

IV Written work

Answer either question in about 120-130 words.

1. What made it possible to save not only Katie‘s life but also her almost severed leg? 2. Describe Katie‘s accident, rescue and treatment.

Key to the exercises I Discussion II Vocabulary

1. Practice using the rules of word formation

7) Examine how the words \"miseducated\" and \"citizenship\" are formed. Find out the meaning of the prefix \"mis-\" and the suffix \"-ship\" with the help of a dictionary.

The prefix \"mis-\from Old English, means \" badly, wrongly or the opposite of\". The suffix \"-ship\

2) Turn the following into nouns that end with the suffix \"-ship\". Add more words to the list. citizenship membership fellowship relationship kinship statesmanship leadership

3) Turn the following into verbs that start with the prefix \"mis-\" and vice versa. Add more words to the list.

misfire mispronounce misguide mistreat mislead mistrust misprint misuse

inform spell interpret take place understand

4) Complete the sentences based on the Chinese in the brackets.

(1) mistaken (7) mistreated

(2) misunderstand (8) Membership (3) misused (9) leadership

(4) misspelled (10) statesmanship (5) misread (11) full scholarship (6) mislead

5) Give the noun forms of the following verbs or adjectives. (1) combination (9) pursuit (9) pursuit

(2) comprehension (10) reference (10) reference (3) dependence (11) requirement (11) requirement (4) inspiration (12) response (12) response

(5) instruction (13) variation/variety(13) variation/variety (6) occurrence (14) comparison (14) comparison (7) possession (15) curiosity (15) curiosity (8) preference (16) depth (16) depth

2. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms. 1) respond to 8) in terms of, in terms of 2) protect, against 9) gives way to 3) take in 10) act on 4) all but 11) turned out 5) acted on 12) wipe out 6) wipe out 13) responded to 7) turned out

14) given way to , given way to, given way to, all but 3. Put the following into English.

1) to meet/to satisfy needs 7) to visualize the result 2) to occupy space 8) to alter the balance 3) to bypass the law 9) to remove the tariffs 4) to grasp the meaning 10) to pursue a faith

5) to respect the difference 11) to possess certain faculties 6) to foresee the future 12) to concern human welfare

4. Based on the Chinese in the brackets, complete the sentences using idiomatic expressions of \"out of\".

1) out of curiosity 2) out of jealousy 3) Out of fear 4) out of work 5) out of control 6) out of breath 7) out of danger 8) out of fashion 9) out of sight

10) out of his mind 11) out of shape 12) out of balance 13) out of focus 14) out of practice

5. Examine the uses of \"concern\" in the sentences below. List other Possible uses of the word, and then make sentences after the models. Other possible uses of \"concern\": to concern oneself with/about

to be concerned with (said of a story or a book)

to be concerned about

to express/show concern for sth. /sb.

6. Give the meaning of the underlined parts in the sentences below. Note how the mean?ings are different in different contexts.

(1) apply 适用于 (7) course 过程 (2) apply 申请 (8) course 一道菜 (3) order 顺序 (9) scale 规模 (4) orde 命令 (10) scale 天平

(5) order 叫菜 (11) scale 等级

(6) course 过程 (12) scale 鱼鳞

7. Give the verb pattern of the underlined parts in the sentences below, and then make sentences? using the pattern and the information and words given. Verb pattern: vt. + n, /pron. + adj.

Other possible verbs: believe, consider, feel, get, keep, paint, prove, think One possibilities of the sentences;

1) The pain was soon gone. It proved the medicine effective. 2) We have painted the ceiling white and the walls light green. 3) Please leave me alone. I'll be all right soon.

4) He considered the situation most favorable to us. 5) At first we didn't believe it possible. 6) She felt herself unworthy of the praise.

7) You should keep the information you give up to date.

8) They released the young man because they found him innocent. 9) Praise makes good men better and bad men worse, (proverb) 10) Nancy's roommates all think her hardworking.

8. Put in the missing words.

(1) experienced(6) had/held (11) frightening (16) door (2) outside (7) on (12) round (17) moving (3) foreign (8) how (13) at (18) toward (4) mean' (9) himself (14) stood (19) like (5) left (10) well (15) where (20) terrible

III. Grammar

1. Practice using infinitives

1) Combine the pairs of sentences using one of the patterns as shown in the examples. (1) With a family of five to support, the man has to work 60 hours a week.

(2) It would be a good thing for a language student to know a little of everything? (3) With t-wo exams to -worry about, I have to work real hard this weekend.

(4) The event provided an opportunity for Chinese and foreign students to communicate with each other.

(5) In order to become a ballet dancer, the girl left for London.

(6) It is unreasonable for the teacher to require the students to know all the texts by heart.

(7) There is no reason for parents to worry about their adult children, for they must tackle problems themselves.

(8) With a sick child to care for, she had to quit her job.

(9) The film crew has been waiting several days for the weather to clear up. (10) In order to save time they moved to an apartment near their workplace. 3) Join the parts from the two columns to make sentences.

(1) + D—> The duty of a doctor is to save the dying and cure the sick. (2) + A—> It wouldn't hurt him to do a bit of housework. (3) + B—> That's the only way to deal with people like him.

(4) + J —> They lifted a rock only to drop it on their own feet, as a Chinese proverb goes. (5) + I —> To save every penny for his daughter's education, he gave up his favorite food. (6) + C—> It's simply impossible for a 12-year-old child to run a company of that size. (7) + F—> From Professor Jin, I learned how to get information for a research paper. (8) + E—> To turn down the invitation seems rude.

(9) + H—> Not to strive for success is regarded as a crime against the state in the U. S. (10) + G—> The manager knows exactly what to do in an emergency. 2. Practice using the anticipatory \"it‖

1) Rewrite the sentences using the patterns below.

(1) It's important that children should be brought up in a healthy environment. (2) It turned out that the FBI agent was a spy working for a foreign country.

(3) It's a desirable quality in a sportsman/sportswoman to be able to accept defeat gracefully. (4) It sounds impossible that a child of six could write a poem like that.

(5) It is important that both parties should be aware of the risks of such a huge project.

(6) It is a sign of weakness on the part of parents to be unable to say \"no\" to their children's unreasonable request

(7) It turned out that my high school math teacher was a friend of my father's.

(8) It is quite possible that the pop star will be recognized by his fans on his way to the con?cert hall and therefore be delayed.

(9) It was amazing that almost everybody in the town turned out to welcome him. (10) It is an indication of ignorance to believe that some languages are superior to others. 3. Practice using \"'not... but... \" and \"not only ... but (.also),.,\". ,

1) Combine the pairs of sentences using \"not ... but ...\" or \"not only ... but (a/so) ... \". (1) What children really want from their parents are not material things, but care and attention.

(2) Remember we do not live to eat, but eat to live.

(3) Professor Yuan is well known for his research in physics not only at home but also abroad. (4) Happiness exists not in riches but in your peace of mind.

(5) The university is proud not only of its beautiful campus and good facilities but also of its strong teaching staff.

(6) A PC is to be used not as a typewriter but as a multi-purpose electronic machine.

(7) These people came to China not to seek their fortune but to help with her modernization.

(8) To be a good driver, you need not only skills but also the presence of mind to deal with

emergencies.

(9) Present at the professor's funeral were not only many of his students but also the Minis?ter of Education herself.

(10) The thief robbed them not only of all their money and valuables but also of the pleasure of traveling.

(11) Their problem was not that they lacked up-to-date equipment, but that they didn't know how to use their human resources.

(12) The English director was surprised to find that the Chinese audiences not only under?stood his production of Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice but also appreciated it.

5. Put in articles or other determiners \"where necessary. When nothing is needed, put a slash \"/\". 1) /, /, the, a, a, The, a, the 2) Some, a, /, the, a

3) /, /, their, the, the, the, /, their, their

4) /, a/any, the, /, these, a, their, the, the, the, every 5) /, /, a, a, the, the, its

6. Identify and correct the mistake in each, of the sentences. 1) By the time we reached the airport, the plane had taken off.

2) Not knowing what to do next, they decided to ask Xiao Li for advice. 3) The longer they stayed in China, the more they appreciated her culture. 4) Looking out of the window, he saw a stranger rushing out of the house. 5) The couple treated the orphan girl as if she were their own daughter.

6) I've never seen a more beautiful sunset than this. Or: I've never seen a beautiful sunset like this. 7) Mobile phones made in China are as good as those of foreign brands.

8) When Katie was thrown into the air, Ric -was still climbing toward where she was.

9) It wouldn't cost much to have your PC upgraded now that the price of CPU has gone down a lot.

10) While Katie was sitting cross-legged on the slope, a big fell right on her left leg.

IV Written Work

The writer believes that the similarities between nations outweigh the differences. Describe his arguments in 120-130 words. Sample:

The writer first points out that in the vast universe, the human race is something very rare. Of all living things, man alone can think and reason. Whatever the color of their skin, human beings are different from all other forms of life because of their intelligence. In this sense, the differences between peoples are insignificant.

Second, science and technology are turning the world into a global village, where many human activities are being globalized. Besides, since we share one home ---the earth--- and have the same needs for water, food, air, shelter, etc. , all peoples and nations are faced with the same task of keeping nature balanced for human existence. So we should overlook our differences and work in the common interest of making our home livable. (128 words) 202

Lesson Fourteen Space Shuttle Challenger

I.Oral Work

Discuss the following question:

History has told us that in our search for outer space or deep sea or the secrets of other scientific fields．disasters are not uncommon We have always had to pay dearly for our discoveries，often with our lives．Is such sacrifice worthwhile? Why do people keep doing these things knowing how risky they are? What do you think are the motives of these explorers? II. Vocabulary and Grammar

1. Give the meaning of the following words in Chinese． (1)subway (6)subculture (2)subsoil (7)subtitle

(3)sub-zero (8)subheading (4)submarine (9)subdivide

(5)subcontinent (10)substandard

2. Give the meaning of the words in Chinese．Pay special attention to their formation. (1)air—conditioner (8)pain-reliever (2)bottle—opener (9)screw—driver

(3)cigarette lighter (10)telephone receiver (4)electric cooker (11)typewriter (5)duster (12)vacuum cleaner (6)heater (13)ice—breaker (7)mower (14)timekeeper

3. Give words or expressions with similar meanings. 1)accidental 2)apparently 3)to assemble 4)futile 5)incredible 6)to indicate 7)initial 8)instant 9)majestic 10)mission 11)periodically 12)proceeds 13)to resume 14)assault 15)corporation 16)to endure

17)to erect 18)lately

19)to set up(corporation) 20)to sob

21)to yearn for 22)emphasis 23)delight

24)good—natured 25)tragic

4. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms, and then make sentences with each of the expressions.

In the event of on schedule to be scheduled for To build up to serve as to warm up

1). It was getting cold. Luckily I had an old overcoat, which also ______ a blanket at night. 2). The completion of this expressway ___________ January 2005. 3). In the first few years，they were just _________ for the reform．The real restructuring started in the year 2000

4). They did not complete the project __________. We don‘t know yet what caused the delay. 5). __________ a war, these subways could _________ air-raid shelters.

6). His knowledge on this subject began to ___________ after several years of doing extensive reading.

Sentence 1______________________________________________________________________ Sentence 2______________________________________________________________________ Sentence 3______________________________________________________________________ Sentence 4______________________________________________________________________ Sentence 5______________________________________________________________________ Sentence 6______________________________________________________________________ 6. Put the following into English. 1)按键钮 2)缺少资金 3)放松警惕 4)放出氢气 5)装上液态氧 6)使交通瘫痪 7)口述我的印象 8)登出这个故事 9)目睹发射情况 l0)遭到一次失败 11)监测进展情况 12)使计划中途流产

13)提交人物简介(存档备用) 14)确认(机票、房间的)预定

15)(报纸消息)到街上(和记者见面)

7. Based on the Chinese in the brackets, complete the sentences using the phrasal verbs of ―hold‖

and ―pull‖.

1). Why are you late again? Were you_________(遇到堵塞)by the traffic or what?

2)Yes，she is in．Who’s speaking，please? OK，if you _________(稍等一下)for a moment，1'll get her for you．

3)I don't think she has told us everything．I'm sure she is still_________(保留)some information． 4)Nancy could no longer __________ (控制住)her emotions；she burst out crying． 5)They have enough food and ammunition to _________ (坚持)for at least half a year- 6)I'm sure we can do it if we all___________(通力合作)．

7)The Beijing--Guangzhou Express has just________(驶进)the station．

8)Grey suddenly realized that it was an earthquake He jumped out of bed，__________(急忙穿上)his clothes and dashed out of the building．

9)He is ninety years old and has been very iIl recently．I'm afraid he won't be able to _______ (恢复健康，渡过难关)．

8. Give the meaning of the underlined parts in the sentences below. Note how the meanings are different in different contexts.

1)This book is printed by our school press．

2)At the press conference yesterday the spokesman of our government showed concern over the situation in the Middle East

3) It was getting dark，and he was tired and hungry．But he pressed on． 4) YOU must press your arm really hard to stop the bleeding 5) This victory marked a turning—point of the war． 6) Professor Guo does not usually give very high marks．

7) The Germans were extremely reluctant to say good—bye to their mark．

8) Some people believe that those are the marks left by some prehistoric animal． 9) Her youngest son is now 80 SO she must be well over 100

10) They dug three wells in the neighborhood，but they did not find any water． 11) When she thought of a11 the wrongs done to her，bitterness began to well up. 12) This vegetable tastes slightly bitter． 9. Put in the right conjunction.

(1)______time went by I became faster and neater．

(2)A truck knocked an elderly mall down______ he was crossing the street． (3) Mr．Black walked towards the door and，______he did so，he nearly ran onto a large man who suddenly came in through the doorway．

(4)It was nearly dawn ______the police found the lost boy．

(5)The nurse had to repeat the question several times______ the patient's eyes opened (6)Let the water ran ______ it gets warm．

(7)The children sang ______ —they walked home．

(8) ______ I ran into new words 1 would work on them ______ I understood． (9)The art exhibition ran for four days______ someone noticed that some of the paintings were hanging upside down．

(10) ______they were in London，they visited the British Museum frequently． 10. Practice using relative clauses.

(1)The houses have front porches．In the porches people sit and talk to each other across their lawns

(2)The woman put two cups of coffee 013 a table．The table had a chair on either side of it

(3)The man hurried to the hospital．In the hospital his son was getting emergency treatment

(4)Many parents complain that quite a number of TV shows lead children to expect things．These things never happen．

(5)There are a number of points we need to clarify these points before official talks begin．

(6)Galileo Galilei died in 12 Another great scientist．Isaac Newton．was born in the year．

(7)The criticism．“He has no sense of humor”．is very commonly heard in Britain． In Britain humor is highly prized．

(8)The police did not ask the boy about his family，or any other things These things would embarrass him．

(9)As soon as school was over，the boy rushed to the gate．His father was waiting to take him home．

(10)The day was happiest of a11. That day Hans Christian Andersen returned to his hometown nearly 50 years after he had left it(Use inversion to avoid a long subject．) III. Written Work

Describe in about 1 30 words. the author’s working day from 1 1：30 p.m．Jan-27 p.m. the next day．

1．What he did in the pre-launch stage(from ll：30 P．m．Jan 27t011：38 a?m- 2．How he reported the launching and the explosion(the eight and half minutes) 3．What he did till 2：00 P m．Jan．28

The Key to the exercises II. Vocabulary and Grammar

1. Give the meaning of the following words in Chinese． (1)地铁(6)次文化 (2)底土(7)副标题 (3)零度以下(8)小标题 (4)潜水艇(9)进一步划分 (5)次(10)低于标准的

2. Give the meaning of the words in Chinese．Pay special attention to their formation. (1)空调机(8)止痛药 (2)开瓶刀(9)螺丝刀 (3)打火机(10)电话听筒 (4)电饭锅(11)打字机 (5)掸子(12)真空吸尘器 (6)加热器(13)破冰船 (7)割草机(14)计时员

3. Give words or expressions with similar meanings. 1). Unexpected

2). Clearly/obviously

3). To piece together / to put together 4) useless / vain

5). Unbelievable / remarkable 6). To show / to suggest 7). First / starting 8). Moment 9). Magnificent 10) task / calling

11). Regularly / repeatedly 12). Profit / gain

13). To take up again / to begin with 14). Attack 15). Company

16). To bear / to stand 17). To build / to construct 18). Recently / in recent times 19). To establish 20). To weep / to cry

21). To long for / to desire for 22). Stress 23). Joy

24) friendly / pleasant 25). Sad / awful / terrible

4. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms, and then make sentences with each of the expressions.

1). Served as2) is scheduled for3). Warming up

4). On schedule5). In the event of, serve as6). Build up 6. Put the following into English.

1). To push the button9) to witness the launch 2). To lack capital10). To suffer a failure

3). To relax one‘s guard11). To monitor the process 4). To let out hydrogen12). To abort the plan 5). To load liquid oxygen13). To file profiles

6). To paralyze the traffic14). To confirm the reservation 7). To dictate my impressions15). To hit the street 8). To print the story

7. Based on the Chinese in the brackets, complete the sentences using the phrasal verbs of ―hold‖ and ―pull‖.

1). Held up2). Hold on3). Holding back 4). Hold in5) hold out6). Pull together 7). Pulled into8). Pulled on9). Pull through

8. Give the meaning of the underlined parts in the sentences below. Note how the meanings are different in different contexts.

1). Press 出版社7). Mark马克

3). Press conference 记者招待会8) marks记号 3). Pressed on坚持继续前进9). Well加强语气 4). Press按住10) well 井

5). Mark标志11) bitterness 愤怒 6). Mark分数12). Bitter味苦的 9. Put in the right conjunction.

1). As2). While / as3) as4). When5). Before

6). Until7). As8). When, until9). Before10) while 11). Before

10. Practice using relative clauses.

1). The boy sat on the far side of the room, where his mother could easily see him out of the corner of her eye.

2). The woman put two cups of coffee on a table that had a chair on either side of it. 3). The man hurried to the hospital where his son was getting emergency treatment.

4). Many parents complain that quite a number of TV shows lead children to expect things that never happen.

5). There are a number of points we need to clarify before official talks begin. 6). The year Galileo Galilei died, another great scientist, Isaac Newton, was born.

7). The criticism, ―he has no sense of humor‖, is very commonly heard in Britain, where humor is highly prized.

8). The police did not ask the boy about his family, or anything that would embarrass him.

9). As soon as school was over, the boy rushed to the gate, where his father was waiting to take him home.

10. Happiest of all was the day when Hans Chritian Andersen returned to his hometown nearly 50 yeas after he had left it.

Lesson Fifteen The Riddle of Time

I. Oral work

Discuss the following questions:

1.Do you believe that human beings have“body clocks”?Give your reasons． 2. What do you think of the idea of―time travel‖?

3.Some people say that we have become slaves to the time we have created．Others say that without time．there would be no modern society and no personal freedom．What do you think? What's your view about time? II. Vocabulary and Grammar

1. Translate and give the meaning of the prefix“over”in the following words． (1)overact (9)over—lighted (2)overhanging (10)overdue (3)overburden (11)overseas

(4)overpass (12)oversleep

(5)over—crowded (13)overcautious (6)over—populated (14)overweight (7)overstaffed (15)overcoat (8)overpay

2. Give the opposite of the following. 1)accurate 2)complex 3)faraway 4)in control 5)internal 6)possibility 7)precise 8)regular 9)repeatable 10)theoretical 11)to assemble 12)to climb 13)dangerous 14)to emerge 15)futile 16)harmless 17)to load 18)visible

3. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms. Regardless of to be in for to divide sth. Into To break into to look upon as to result from To take on

1). I dropped the dish and ___________ it _______ pieces.

2). Nowadays everybody can return to college ______ their age.

3) Today the expression “standard of living” no longer just means more money. It has a new meaning．

4)His doctoral thesis is _________ five parts.

5)These things were _________ worthless factory waste，but now they are used to make bricks． 6)The spreading disease ___________the polluted water.

7)With the paper flowers on the windows，our room ________a festive look.

8)The idea that people are all equal __________ their differences in class，color，sex，education，social position，etc is relatively recent．

9) I knew I_________ trouble when it suddenly started snowing heavily and 1 was in the middle of nowhere．

10)The accident ___________his neglect of the traffic rules．

11)It is getting more and more absurd to _______people ________urban and rural residents． 12)Let’s ______ the class _______ small groups so that nobody could have a chance to speak． 4. Translate the following phrases into English

(1)过幸福生活 (2)开始新生活 (3)牺牲生命 (4)献出生命 (5)冒着生命危 (6)拯救生命 (7)失去生命

(8)结束自己的生命；自杀 (9)将一生献给人 (10)影响某人的生活

5. Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions or adverbs.

1).We were about to set ________when he came with the news that the flight had been cancelled. 2).It wasn‘t long before they realized that their disagreement had grown______ misunderstanding. 3)The operator told me to hang _______ while she tried to get me through to Mr．Chen．

4)There are always some people who forget that we are already in the 21st century and still wish to turn the clock _____．

5)Things are just moving too fast．I often feel _______step．

6)You can trace their quarrel ________ the time of the First World War．

7)Although he still seems to be _______ control，he knows that he is sitting on a volcano． 8)This scale has t0 be accurate ______ a milligram．

9)As the clock ticked ________ ，my heart almost jumped out of my throat．I knew the time bomb could explode any second．

10)There is a danger that we might become slaves ________ the new technologies we have developed．

11)The factory has been warned not to let ______ any more poisonous gas 12)He ran downstairs，three steps _______ a time．

13)Two terrible storms swept ______ our city last summer，and caused severe damage．

14)In a market economy．government regulation is still necessary to keep the economy _____ track.

15)This is all the information I Can call _______on my computer about this man．

16)These measures can only hold the financial crisis ______ bay for some time. But they can not really solve the problem．

17)A feeling of pride began to well________ when I revisited Shanghai after 10 years. 6. Rewrite these sentences.

1). Some scientists say all observed arrows of time go in only one direction. 2). We believed that they had sold some of their precious paintings.

3). The author thinks humans have internalized time so powerfully that it has taken on a meaning all its own.

4). People say that she was the first woman to fly in a space shuttle. 5). The newspaper reported that no one had been killed in the fire. 6). Everybody knew that the financial aid had saved their company. 7). The investigation proved that she was innocent.

7. Put in the right connective that introduces noun clauses．

(1)The trouble was _______none of us could read the manual，which was written 1n German．

(2)Scientists are attempting to find out ________there is life on other planets．

(3 ) The teachers are very proud of _______these handicapped children have achieved in the past three years．

(4)Let us see ______ dictionaries are made and ______ the editors arrived at definitions． (5) _______ impressed the visitors most was the patients’will to fight cancer．

(6)Often you know from experience ______ it takes you to write a short essay．to study for a quiz．Or review for a final exam．

(7)The farmer and his wife didn't understand _______ his children should want to leave the land and work in the city．

(8)We don't know exactly__________ is responsible for the explosion. But we are certain some terrorist organization is behind it．

(9)I don't know ________ of the applicants got the job finally．Both seemed qualified．

(10) We're not sure _______ the Minister of Education himself will be able to come to our meeting．But a vice—minister is sure to turn up 8. Circle the letter of the most likely answer. 1). --When do you think the mail will come? --It______ be here any minute．

A．must B．have to C．ought to D．need

2). --Is that Guo Fangfang talking to Professor Lu over there? --It ____ be Fangfang．She's gone back home． A．shouldn't B．may not C．mustn't D．can't 3)一Are you going to the movie tonight?

一Yes. I know I ____ stay home and prepare for tomorrow's quiz. But I don't want to miss a film that has been so well reviewed． A．should B have C．must D might

4)一Where is Wang Ning? There’s someone wanting to see him

---He ______ be in the computer loom His free time is spent surfing the Internet． A．should B．have to C ought to D must

5) TeⅡXiao Ding no to work too hard over the weekend．You know．all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.

一I’ve been telling him so for the last three weeks．but he ______ listen． A．may not B wouldn't C．couldn't D．shan't

6)一Li Na and I are going to cycle to the Ming Tombs this Saturday．Would you join us? --- I _____ if I _______ . But I look after my sick grandma． A．might，could，should B．will，can，must

C．would，could，have to D．shall，can，ought to

7)一May I have a look at some of the books here in your study? 一Sure．But you _____ return them to their place after reading A．will B．can C．may D．must

8)一When do you find yourself completely helpless? 一When I have to use my computer and it _____ work． A．can't B won't C．may not D．shall not

9)一What did the Nightingale say to cheer up the Student? She said，“Be happy，you _____ have your red rose

A shall B may C can D．must

10)一What do you think we can do for a dying friend?

You ____ do anything except to be with him or her and be yourself A．don’t have to B shouldn't C mustn't D．oughtn't to III. Written work

Write an essay about 1 30 words based on the passage in Chinese． Avoid a word-for-word translation．

时间为何物?是一种像高度和宽度那样的尺度吗?还是像河流一样川流不息的运动?这个问题很难想明白。但无论时间为何物，普通老百姓都认为：生命短暂，时间宝贵。无怪许多人都说时间就是金钱。 时间不能倒转，没有人能将时钟拨回，失去的时间再也找不回来。因此我们应该明白，任何人都不会原地不动，不进则退。你要是想做出些成绩，掌握好时间是头等大事。所以有些人声称： “我们只服从时钟。”时间不是明天，也不是下星期，而是今天。如果真想让每一分钟过得有价值，就要做时间的主人．

The key to the exercises

II. Vocabulary and Grammar

1. Translate and give the meaning of the prefix“over”in the following words． (1)表演过火 (9)过于明亮的 (2)悬垂的 (10)过期的 (3)使负担过重 (11)海外的 (4)过街天桥 (12)睡过头

(5)水泄不通的 (13)过于小心的 (6)人口过剩的 (14)超重 (7)人浮于事的 (15)大衣 (8)多支付

2. Give the opposite of the following. 1).inaccurate 2). Simple 3). Close / near 4). Out of control 5). External 6). Impossibility 7). Inexact / vague 8). Irregular / unusual 9). Unrepeatable 10). Proven / known

11). To separate / to divide 12). To descend / to go down 13). Safe

14). To disappear

15). Fruitful / effective 16). Harmful / dangerous

17). To unload 18). Invisible

3. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms. 1). Broke, into 2) regardless of 3). Make of 4). Taken on

5). Divided into 6) looked upon as 7). Resulted from 8). Took on 9). Regardless of 10). Was in for 11). Resulted from 12) divide; into 4. Translate the following phrases into English. 1). To live a happy life 2). To start a new life 3). To sacrifice one‘s life 4). To give one‘s life to 5). To risk one‘s life 6). To save life

7). To lose one‘s life

8). To take one‘s own life

9). To devote one‘s life to the people 10). To affect one‘s life

5. Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions or adverbs.

1). Out 2) out of 3) on 4) back 5) out of 6) to 7) in 8) to 9) away 10) to 11) out 12) at 13) over 14) on 15) up 16) at 17) up 6. Rewrite these sentences.

1). All observed arrows of time are said to go in only one direction. 2). They were believed to have sold some of their precious paintings.

3). Humans are thought to have internalized time so powerfully that it has taken on a meaning all its own.

4). She was said to have been the first woman to fly in a space shuttle. 5). No one was reported to have been killed in the fire.

6). The financial aid was know to have saved their company. 7). She was proved to be innocent.

7. Put in the right connective that introduces noun clauses． 1). That 2). Whether or not / if 3). What 4). How, how 5). What 6). How long 7). Why 8). Who 9). Which 10). If 8. Circle the letter of the most likely answer. 1). C 2). D 3) A 4) D 5) B 6). C 7). D 8). B 9). A 10)A