Preview
1.
Listentothe recording of the text and then fill in the blanks in the following sentences.1.
.
aim/purpose;
skills;
training;
technical training;universities
practical/professional 2.
.
graduateschool;Shakespeare’splays; 3.
be apharmacist
makingaliving;keephimself;hisfamily;expose;ideas 4.waking;average;aliving;allabout
5. 6. 7.8.
in dang er; m echanized savages; push-buttonNeanderthals have left us; peculiar accom plishments;species . .
center;storehouse sarcastic;humorous
2.R ead the text for better comprehension a nd a nswer thequestions,paying special a ttention to the par ts in boldtype.
1)2)
3)
It means annoying experiences, tough problems or failures.
They must have finished their graduate studies with an advanced degreelike aPhD.
Itsimplymeans?oneof
the
students?.Theword?body?heremeansthewholegroupofstudents.Becausethestudentisthinandtall.Itismeanttobe
humorous rather thaninsulting.
4)5)
He teaches Englishliterature. Byusingthe
word?stuff?,heshowshisdislikeforthecourseveryclearly.Hedoesn’ｔlikethecoursebecausehethinksitisuselessforhisplannedcareer.
6)Wecanassumethathedoesnotthinkitnecessarytowastemoneyonthebooks since he
intends to drop thecourse.7)
The latter. It is a humorous way of referring to a certain type of people. whenhecallsit?aDrugstoreMechanicsSchool?
Itmeans?技工？.
8)He is talking about the Pharmacy School. He is being sarcastic
9)He is talking about the diploma for university or
collegegraduates.He has in mind people like what the student wants to be:pharmacists.
10)Itmeans?havingbeenintroduced to the ideasdevelopedorproducedthroughouthistory. 11)It refers to his effort to convince thestudent.
12)?Hold?hereisanintransitiveverbmeaning?remaintrue?.Itisoftenusedasasetphrase?holdtrue?.
13)Itmeans?thingsofthesamekind?.诸如此类
14)We call it the future continuous tense. It is used for ongoing future actions.
15)He is saying here that you will make sure that the medicine
you make will not be mixed with poison if you are trained as a pharmacist;thatthehousesyoubuildwillsuccessfullykeepoutbullsifyourchosenjobise
ngineering;
and that your client will not be sentenced to death because youare incompetent if you want to be alawyer.
16)These are all useful things to do… and raises/brings up your children.
17)InformalEnglish,?may?isusedtoexpress a hopeorwish.Moreexamples:
Mayourcountrybeprosperousandourpeoplehappy.May peace
finallyprevail.
Note: suffice (besufficient)
18)民主的思想家
democratic ideas in past history?
19)He meansthetallstudent.?Pest?isoftenused to refer to anannoyingperson
It is formal for humorouseffect.
. Will you be heading a family that is familiar withthegreat
especially achild.
20)No. He means that he is aiming to make money. That is his purposeforcoming toschool.
21)…you’goirengtohavetroublefindingsomethingtodowhenyouarenotspending
money.
22)…ｔhenyoushouldn’tgotocollege.Youhavenoreasontogotocollege.
23)Heissayingherethatyoungpeoplemaybecomesavagesliketheancientpeople
who
lived 35,000 to 130,000 years ago although they can
nowpushbuttonsandusemachines,hence, a ?newspecies?.
24)Ourcollegesareboundtoproducesomestudentsofthiskind.He isverysarcastic about
these
people
and
thinks
that
they
are
not
truly ?suchli
educatedandcivilizedastheyshouldbetoday.Thereforeheusestheexpression:feforms?. Note alsothattheword?graduate?isusedas a transitiveverbhere.
25)We are talking about how ideas or concepts are developed
ideas such
andhowimportant they are in the evolution of the human species. Animalslive by instinct. Only human beings are able to formulate
aslove,freedom,democracy,andequality.Theseideasmakeusdifferentfromotheranimals. And we get these ideas from people in the past. That is why readingissoimportant.Manyscholarsmaintainthatwithoutreadingwedon’ｔknowhowtothink.Thereare,however,peoplewhoemphasizetheimportanceofdirectexperience.Theysaythat‘DoingisalsolearningSometimestheyevengoas’．far as to maintain that reading may prevent us from creativethinking.
26)The fact that we have the faculty meansthat…
Vocabulary
1.
Do the following exercises on wor d for mation rules.
1)
Thefollowingwordsareadjectivesendingwiththesuffixes
?-ent?and?-ant,?
andtheircorrespondingnounsusuallyendingwith
?-ence?and?-ance.?Decidewhich of the
following should be the for mer, and which the latter.
1.
2.3.
4.5.6.
different independent extravagant
competentarrogantimportant
11.evident12.intelligent 13.relevant14.present15.urgent16.violent17.current 18.frequent 19.distant
7.8.9.
confident fragrant significant
10.convenientNote:
The following words are nouns, not adjectives:
accountant;assistant;defendant; dependant;attendant
2)Guess the cor r esponding nouns of the following, paying special a ttention 1.
qualification
unification classification
totheirpronunciation.
clarification
notificationidentification
intensification simplification glorification 2.
modernization
justification certification specification mechanization
realization globalization
civilizationspecialization
Americanization urbanization centralization nationalization 3.
permission admission commission remission emission submission
industrialization idealization marketization privatization discussion profession confession impression oppression compression
transmission expression
omission 1.
2.3.4.
depression
; sensibility; oversensitive; insensitive sensitive; sensible; senseless
technical; technically;technician;specially; specialty;specializeintellectual; intelligent;intelligence
3)Givederivativesofthefollowingwords.
sense:
technique: special: intellect:
5.4)1.2.3.
4.5.
civil: civilize; civilization; civilized;uncivilized
Tr anslate the following into Chinese.
Many people agree that the increased enrollment is a bigaccomplishment. The lack of availability
of certified
accountants who can meet
suchhighqualifications is still a bigproblem.
Early specialization is not wise. Students should have a wide exposure to worldculturebefore theyspecialize.
Strong as we might be some day we must never become a r rogant. We shouldcontinueto pur sue the policy of peaceful co-existence amongnations.
Itis a penetr a tingthoughtthat a nationpowerrestsessentiallywithitsadvanced’ｓ
civilization.
6.2.
1)
2)3)
Ourmemoryofpastdisastrousexperiencesisanextremelyimportantspiritualresource. sarmsfoldone’
fold theletteracquireknowledge
Tr anslate the following verb+noun collocations intoEnglish.
4)5)6)7)
8)9)
generateideas
generatejobs
generatepower
generateinterest employworkersuse/employtime
10)rear/raiseone’schildren11)rearsheep 12)raiseone’sfamily13)raiseone’svoice14)raisetax
15)raise thequestion 16)maintaincontact 17)maintain law andorder 18)maintainpeace
Give the synonyms and antonyms of thefollowing.
Synonyms 1.reasonably/rather/quite 2.
clearly/evidently
3.tokeep4.toraise5.
togain/obtain
6.toproduce 7.toprove
8.
department(university)
9.
humanity
10.drugstore /chemist (英)
11.type/example/model/case
Antonyms1.unavailable 2.
modestly
3.general4.
unqualified
5.uncivilized/savage 6.tounfold 7.unemployed 8.
incompetence
9.
insensitive
12.toenter/join 13.however/but 14.sharp/thoughtful15.thinker/intellectual16.toshake/tremble/shiver17.unavoidably/certainly/
18.to suppose/presume/think/guess 19.tohelp/assist
20.strange/odd/unusual/queer21.achievement/success/victory22.specialskill
3.4.
1)
Complete the sentences with the expressions listedbelow.
to see to it; exposedto
2)3)
4)
out for; succeedin averagesout
specializein
5)
6)
stuckfor
presideover
7)8)
9)
stuck for; see to itthat trueof
out to; see to itthat
10)have nobusiness 5.
Fill in the blanks with the r ight wor d or expression in the bracket. 1)in making; tofind
2)
see
3)
4)5)
out; of; of;for
toby;for
6)7)8)
9)
Poor as he was;put for in
believed in;forcing
10)physicist;sensitive
6.Tr anslate the following sentences intoEnglish. 1)
It is wrong to raise our children the way we grow flowers in the greenhouse. Wemustexposethemtoallsocialproblemsbecausevery
soontheywillbedealingwiththemasresponsible citizens.
2)As time goes on we are inevitably going to get more and more involved ininternationalaffairs. And conflicts are sure to occur because there always exist different viewsandinterests betweennations.
3)We are proud of our accomplishments, and we have reason to be. But we mustneverbecome arrogant. Otherwise we will lose ourfriends.
4)
5)Information is now easily available. An average computer can store the information ofasmalllibrary
Thatconstructioncompanyisnotqualifiedtohandletheproject. Theydonothaveanylegal document to certify that they have the necessary expertise. We must find acompanythat specializes in
buildingtheatres.
6)
7)
These think tanks do not make decisions. They are out to generate new ideasandpenetrating analyses that will be extremely useful for decisionmakers.
The growthofGDPisnoteverything.Our
countrycannotbesaidtohavebeenmodernizedunlessthequalityofourpeoplelivesisreallyimprove’ｓ
8)
d.
Poor as we were in many ways at that time, we were still quite happy as children,
fortherewas clean air, clean water, a lot of fish, crabs and eels in the rivers, lakes, and ponds; and a
lot of flowers, trees and birds in thefields.
9)
Giveabsolutepowertosomeindividualoranyparticulargroupofpeople,andthatpersoncorruptsabsolutely.?
10)Traditionallyinourcountryschooleducationwasalwayssaidtobemore importantand
orgrouparesur
e to abusethatpowerbecause,justasLordActonsays,?Powercorrupts,and absolute power
useful
compared with all otherpursuits.
Gr ammar
1.
.
Point out how future time is expressed and what concept each future
expressionconveys.
Itisfarmorecomplicatedtotalkaboutthefuturethantotalkaboutthepresentandpast.Generally,
future time is expressed in these ways.
Future a tPresent)a) ?will?asin3):usedtosaysomethingisexpectedtohappen
?willbedoing?asin4):usedtosaythatyouaresurethatsomethingwillhappen
)b
because
arrangements have been made
?begoingto?:used2),5)tosaythatsomethingwillhappenquitesoonortotalk
aboutsb’sintentionsorwhattheyhavedecidedtodo
?thepresentprogressive?asin10):used to talkaboutsomethingthatwillhappen
)c
because
)d
you have planned or arrangedit
?thesimplepresent?asin9):usedto saythatsomethingwilldefinitelyhappenata particular time, especially because it has been officiallyarranged
) ?would
Future in thePast
)a)b)c
?asin7):usedtosaywhatyouintendedtodoorexpectedtohappen
?was/weregoingto?asin1):usedtosaythatsomethingwasexpectedtohappen
?w a s/weretodo?asin6),8):used to talkaboutsomethingthatwouldhappenbecause it had
been planned orarranged.
Learntouse emphasizingcoordinatingconjunctions.
2..
1.Point out the gr a mmatical for m each pair of the
conjunctionsconnects.Emphasizing coordinating conjunctions connect parts of the
sentence that have thesamegrammatical form.1)twonouns
2)twoadjectives
3)two prepositionalphrases 4)two infinitivephrases
5)two nounphrases
6)two nounphrases
7)two prepositionalphrases 8)two prepositionalphrases
2.Combine each pair of the sentences using the r ight emphasizing coordinating
conjunctions.
1)
) Theprovinceisstrongbothinindustryandinagriculture./Theprovinceisnot only
strong in
industry, but a lso inagriculture.
2)3)
) Relief agencies say the immediate problem is not a lack of food, but transportation.) Generally, after working for the company for five years, young employees eitherare
promoted orleave.
4)5)
) TV programs for children should not only entertain but a lsoteach.
) Obviously, these children are motivated not by a desire to achieve, but by
6)
fearoffailure
) At present, it would be neither practical nor desirable to eliminateexaminationsaltogether.
)AsianAmericansareplayingamoreactiveroleinpoliticsthaneverbefore,bothat
7)
localandnabicycle.
tionallevel.
8)9)10)
) Myunclebelievesthatinourtownsightseeingisbestdoneeitherbytourbusorby) Wood floori
ng not only cleans easily, but is environmentally friendly.
) Until I read the article I knew neither where she was brought up nor (where
shewas)educated.
11)12)
) I find the new manager neither easy to get along with nor delightful to talk to.) Contrary to what people had expected, not only did he attend the meeting,
buthealsospokefortwentyminutes.
3.
.
Fill in each blank with ONE suita ble word.
(1)other (2)best (6)As
4.
. 1)2)3)
(3)reason (8)cool
(4)mental (9)thinking
(5)next (10)rest
(7)take
Tr anslate the following sentences intoEnglish.
) The premier is leaving for New York for a UN conferencetomorrow.
) He is to meet the heads of state of several countries during his stay in New York. )What a re you going to do during the National Day holidays? Are yougoinghome
or staying oncampus?
4)
) —Whatdoyouthinkschoolwillbelikeintwentyyears
’time?
— I think children will probably lear n at home with a mechanicalteacher.
5)
) Thirty years ago, my grandparents never thought they would be able to moveinto
6)7)
a two-storey house with all the modern facilities.
) What they lack is not money butexperience.
) They have come to China not only to learn Chinese, but to learn
aboutChinese culture as well.
8)
) What children want most from their parents are not material things but
loveandattention.
9)
) You may either write your essay in your regular exercise book or do it on
your
computer.
10))I’mnotquitesurewhyhedidn
’ｔshowup.Eitherhewasnotinterested,orhesimply forgot
11)
aboutit.
) A society should respect both its scientists and its garbagecollectors.
s money and with his time.
12)) He is miserly both with hi
5.
Identify and cor rect the mistakes. Note there is no mistake in two of thesentences.1)) I will phone you as soon as I ar r ive inBeijing.
. 2)3)
) We can har dly imagine what life will be like in 50years. )
WhatarewegoingtodoifEdithwon’thelpus?(Nomistakeinthissentence.Here
?if…will?ispossiblewhenwillexpresses?willingness?.)
4)
5)
Pleasebeseated,everyone.Theshowisabouttobegin.(Use?beabouttodosth?to
saythatsomethingwillhappenalmostimmediately.?Will?isnotused.)
ChinawillbeabletosendmantotheMoon.(?Tobea)Itispredictedthatinabouttenyears’time,
)
bletodosth?isusedtosayitispossibleforsomeoneorsomething to dosomething.)
6)
Dropinwheneveryouplease.You’alwaysbewelcome.(Adverbsofllfrequency, such as a
lways, usua lly, often, sometimes, etc, usually go immediately infront of the mainverb.)
) )
7)
Neitherhisparents,norhisbrotherwasabletocometohisperformance.(Themain verb
8)9)
agrees with the noun phrase introduced bynor.)
) Both her friends and her English teacher believe she will win the talentcontest.
) My
father regards creativity both as a gift and as a skill. (Normally, the two
items connected by emphasizing coordinating conjunctions should be expressedin
10)
the same grammatical form, here, two prepositionalphrases.)
—)Wecaneitherdoitnoworafterclass
it’ｓuptoyou.(Nomistake.Thoughthetwoitems?now?and?afterclass?aren
thesamegra’ｔ
mmaticalform,thisisacceptablebecausewecanregardthemascondensedfrom?Wecaneitherdoitnowordoitafterclass.?Therefore,thetwoitemscanalso be differentgrammatical forms serving the same grammatical function, here, bothadverbials.)
Unit2 Preview
1.
L isten to the r ecor ding of the text and fill in the blanks in the followingsentences.
1)
racialequality
2)3)
4)
civil rights; lingeron
husband; quite a good husband/very considerate; liberal; racial
considered;unprepared
5)
6)
give his wife; hadadmitted
found out;pressing
7)8)
9)
look; argued about such seriousmatters perfectly normal;tolerate
are differentculturally
10)culturally and socially; racialsegregation
2.
11)white; married; a perfectstranger
R ead the text for better comprehension and answer thequestions.
1)?pitchin?means?tojoinwithotherpeopleindoingajob?.Intheexpression?topitcha baseball?,theword?pitch?means?tothrow?.?topitchatent?means?toputupatent 篷.?pitchdark?means?asdarkaspitch?漆黑—pitchmeans沥青
支
帐
?housework?meanstheworkyoudotokeepyourhousecleanandtidy;?homework?means the work a
2)
teacher gives to a student to do out of class.
After thinking of all aspects of the matter carefully.
We can assume that he would have considered the difficulties and problems he
believeditwould bring to his life if he married a blackwife.
3)Heknewtherewouldbeanunpleasantquarrel,andthatitwaswiserforhimjusttokeephis
This shows that they have had previous serious disagreements. Thiswas
mouth shut.
notthefirsttime.
It shows that the man has seldom taken his wifeseriously. 4)
?youcomingalong…andimplying…？isthecomplexobjectof?need?.
Ifheweren’ｔ a racist,hewouldnotsayno,sincehiswifeisexactly the samepersonexceptfor her
skincolor.
5)No. It is clear that the wife is using an ironicaltone.
No.Themanisusingacommonexcuseofwhiteracistswhotrytojustifytheirprejudicebased
different
skin
color
by
using
a
seemingly
more
neutral
respectableterm?culturaldifferences?.
6)To show that he found the situation veryannoying.
on and
Normallyitmeans?what I sayisabsolutelytrue?,butherehemeans?ItistruenotbecauseI am saying it. I have statistics to provethis.?
7)She said
itcontemptuously.She was
gettingangry.
8)Because his wife keeps mimicking him, showing that she thinks what he saidwasridiculous andhypocritical.
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