独立主格结构练习

独立主格结构练习

1．Ford tried dividing the labor，each worker _________ a separate task．

A．assigning B．assigned C．was assigned D．would be assigned

2．The lecture_________，he left his seat so quietly that no one complained that his leaving disturbed the speaker．

A．began B．beginning C．having begun D．being beginning

3．Such _________ the case ，there are no grounds to justify your complaints．

A．being B．is C．was D．to be

4．Darkness _________ in，the young people lingered on merrymaking．

A．set B．setting C．has set D．was set

5．With all factors_________，we think this program may excel all the others in achieving the goal．

A．being considered B．considering C．considered D．are considered

6．A new technique_________，the yields as a whole increased by 20 percent．

A．to have been worked out B．having worked out C．working out D．having been worked out

7．On the top was the clear outline of a great wolf sitting still，ears_________，alert，listening．

A．pointed B．pointing C．are pointed D．are pointing

8．Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office ，but our work _________，we declined the offer．

A．not being finished B．not having finished C．had not been finished D．was not finished

9．There are various kinds of metals ，each _________ its own properties．

A．has B．had C．to have D．having

10．The article opens and closes with descriptions of two news reports，each _________ one major point in contrast with the other．

A．makes B．made C．is to make D．making

Key：1—5 BCABC 6—10 DAADD

（一）： 独立主格结构的构成：

名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词； 名词(代词)+形容词；

名词(代词)+副词； 名词(代词)+不定式；

名词(代词) +介词短语构成。

（二） 独立主格结构的特点：

1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。

2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定 式，介词等是主谓关系。

3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。

举例：

The test finished, we began our holiday.

= When the test was finished, we began our holiday.

考试结束了，我们开始放假。

The president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.

= After the president was assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.

总统被谋杀了，举国上下沉浸在悲哀之中。

独立主格结构专项练习

一、.用独立结构改正下列句子中的错误

1.Being freezing cold, she had to dress herself in warm clothes.

2. Having finished his homework, we went home.

3. A young mother was taking a walk in the schoolyard, followed her little son.

4. His bike wrong, he has to walk to school.

5. Tom rushed into my room, with his clothes covering with snow.

6. They were angry with their money to be stolen.

二、.单项填空

1. The meeting____ over, we all left the room. （上海1987）

A. is B. to be C. being D. would be

2. European football is played in 80 countries, it___ the most popular sport in the world. （NMET1998） A. making B. makes C. made D. to make

3. ___such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. （NMET2001） A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered

4. The fish____ bad, the children left much of it ______.

A. tasted, untouched B. tasting, untouched

. tasting, untouching D. tasted, untouching

5.___ from what you say, he ought to succeed.

A. Judged B. Judging

C. When you judged D. Because you judge

6. Everything___ into consideration, they ought to have another chance.

A. to take B. taken C. to be taken D. taking

7.Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office, but our work ______, we didn’t accept the offer.

A. not being finished B. not having finished

C. had not been finished D. was not finished

8.There are various kinds of metals, each ______ its own properties (特性).

A. has B.had C.to have D.having

9.The old man stood under a big tree, ______.

A.a pipe in mouth B.with a pipe in mouth

C.pipe in mouth D.pipe in his mouth

10.The production ______ steadily, the factory needs an ever-increasing supply of raw material.

A.has gone up B.is going up C.having gone up D.being gone up

答案如下：

一

1:The weather being freezing cold... 2:having finished our homework...

3:...following her little son. 4:his bike being wrong...或者and he has to...

5:...covered with snow 6:...having been stolen

二

1-5. C A A A B 6-10. B A D C C 第7题A，但是最好是not having been finished

1. ______ no bus, we had to walk home.

A. There was B. There being C. Because there being D. There were

2. ____, I'll go there with you tomorrow afternoon.

A. Time permits B. If time permitting C. Time permitting D. Time's permitting

3._____, we all went home happily.

A. Goodbye was said B. Goodbye had been said C. Goodbye said D. When goodbye said

4. _____, we all went swimming in high spirits.

A. It being fine weather B. It fine weather

C. It was fine weather D. It being a fine weather

5. ____, the bus started at once.

A. The signal was given B. The signal giving

C. The signal given D. When the signal

given 6. 6. She stood there, _____ from her cheeks.

A. tears' rolling down B. tears rolled down

C. with tears rolled down D. tears rolling down

7. ____, the leaves are turning green.

A. When spring coming on B. Spring coming on

C. Spring came on D. Spring being come on

8. _____, I had to buy a new one.

A. My dictionary losing B. My dictionary having been lost

C. My dictionary had been lost D. Because my dictionary lost

9. I used to sleep with the window _____.

A. opened B. open C. opening D to open

10. ____, the hunter went into the forest.

A. A gun on shoulder B. A gun was on his shoulder

C. Gun on shoulder D. A gun being on shoulder

11. ____ production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.

A. As B. For C. With D. Through

12. With a lot of work ____, I have to sit up tonight.

A. do B. doing C. done D. to do

13. He stood there silently, his lips_____.

A. trembling B. trembled C. were trembling D. were trembling

14. _____, her suggestion is of greater value than yours.

A. All things considering B. All things considered

C. All things were considered D. With all things were considered

15. ______, we will surely succeed.

A. The teacher helping us B. The teacher to help us

C. The teacher will help us D. With the teacher helping

答案：

1-5 BCCAC 6-10 DBBBC 11-15 CDABB

1. Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper _____it closely.

A followed B following C to follow D being followed

2. ______, a man who expressed himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.

A. other things being equal B Were other things equal

C To be equal to other things D Other things is equal

3. Weather _____, the picnic will be held as scheduled.

A permits B should permit C will permit D permitting

4. So many directors ______, the board meeting had to be put off.

A were absent B been absent C had been absent D being absent

5. _______, she went back to her room.

A There was no cause for alarm B Being no cause for alarm

C There being no cause for alarm D Without having no cause for alarm

6. There are four factories in our institute, ____________.

A with each has over 100 workers B each having over 100 workers

C which there are over 100 workers D with having over 100 workers

7. The speech _______a lively discussion started.

A being delivered B was delivered C be delivered D having been delivered

8. All things _____, the planned trip will have to be called off.

A considered B be considered C considering D having considered

9. The flights ______because of the snowstorm, many passengers could do nothing but take the train.

A had been cancelled B have been cancelled C were cancelled D having been cancelled

10. All the tasks ______ahead of time, they decided to go on holiday for a week.

A been fulfilled B having been fulfilled C were fulfilled D had been fulfilled

11. After the Arab states won independence, great emphasis was laid on expanding education, with girls as well as boys _____to go to school.

A to be encouraged B being encouraged C been encouraged D be encouraged

12._____the temperature falling so rapidly, we couldn’t go on with the experiment.

A Since B For C As D With

13.The decision _______, the next problem was how to make a good plan.

A having made B having been making C having been made D been made

14.The teacher walked into the classroom ______.

A .with a book in hand B. hand with a book

C. being with a book in hand D. to have a book in hand

15.How did the group improve its discussion? They all took part, each member _____the responsibility of leading one meeting. A having B to have C has had D has

16.with the weather conditions ______, they flew to London immediately.

A taken account into B taken into account C taking account into D taking into account

17. ______no homework left, the pupils could do whatever they liked.

A There being B There had C There to be D There having

1-5. BADDC 6-10. BDADB 11-15. BDCAA 16-17. BA