2011年自考英语2

英语（二）Examination

Points

PART 1 Ten questions: 10% (keep phrases in mind 记短语)

1.How to be a successful language learner? (active +independent +propose即积极性+性+目的性)

2. How do you understand the phrase in

“Americans just like other people must die” on the coner of dying?” It means largest 美国人也像其他人逃不过死的命运，是人都一样。

3. Which ocean is The largest Ocean ?→ Pacific 4. How to improve your memory except repetition(重复)。

5. blast into《蓝色地表》 6. Which group is suffer from TV. Violence → 在修剪之后，喷 白色石灰水防虫（疾病）侵入 prevent the inserts from侵蚀树木.

那么，一个好园丁只要有必要when only necessary(everytime is necessary)，就可修，不一定在冬天。 Passage B 记忆力Memory 记忆力越好，知识越多，记忆力反映了知识水平，记忆力①memory is the ability to store your spirit for future use.②whose memory is larger ? human beings. human being’s larger than that of computer. ③如teen-agers → memory is strong

Some animals (birds) → memory is simple

④With regard to memory 就记忆力而言 ⑤Memory is very important in our life. partial 供资金 delicious a.1.美味的；ⅥTranslation(中译英，10% complain vt./vi. 抱2.（味觉或嗅觉）使人愉快每题2分) 怨（of, about） 的 dissolve vt.1.1、人们渴望知道水库里面是protest vt./vi. 抗（使）溶解，（使）融化；2.否还有水。 议，反对 解散，取消 People are (be) eager to issue n. 1.问题，争论descend vi.传下，遗know whether there is 点；2.发行；3.（书刊的 期传；2.下来，下降 water in the reservoir. 号 traditional a.传统的 2、老师保证说这次考试并不tend vi (to) 易于，往往nuclear a.1.核子的，难。 会；倾向于 vt.照管，护理 核能的；2.核心的，中心的 The teacher assured that advertise vt./vi. divorce n./vi.离婚 this exam was not 为„做广告；登广告 vt.与„离婚，使 difficult. attract vt. 吸收，引physical a.1.身体的，肉3、敌人可变成朋友。 起„的注意 体的；2.物理的，物理学的；3.Enemies can be turned into design vt./vi.1.设计；2.物质的，有形的 friends. 预定，指定 n.1.设计2.图emotional a.感情的，4、在孩子们心里，总是把春样，图案；3.企图 情绪的 节与穿新衣服和吃好东西联constantly ad. 经常地；satellite n.卫星，人造系起来。 不断地；时常地 卫星 In the children minds, product n. 产品，产物 establish vt.1.建立，创they associate with persuade vt.1.说服，劝办，设立；2.确立，使确认 spring Festival with good 服；2.使„相信 a.空闲access n.1.通道，入clothes and good food. 的；有闲的 口；2.接近（或进入）的机5、这场大雨阻止了他们参加leisure n.1.空闲时间，会，享用机会 会议。 空暇；2.悠闲，安逸 remote a.1.遥远的，偏The storm prevented them classified a.1.分类的，僻的；2.（可能性）很小的 pre-school children

7. 作决定，无关的是什么？即什么因素可以影响我们personal belief 8. 个人信仰 —可选择的——作出选择alterative----choice----—决定 即：decision 9虑到． take into account考10. →what ’s the Black Hole? Whose A region of space explain theory Hole?the can 11. „„Europe Which Einstein’s

Black 死”. is permittedcountry “安乐in countriesHighly developed Holland/Netherland

荷兰Ⅱ单词和结构1.Don20% in the rain ,it will get ’t leave your bike 每题1分 rusty. 2. 生锈的

3. 抱歉v. apologize 的你要获得帮助是不可能4. . (out of the question) home, 倒装； Hardly had I 5. „„ got 议万一他没来，我们推迟会(6. 万一. in the event of „„thatIt ) occurred 7. „„ 我突然想到„„to me 功课完不成。虚拟 :没有你帮助，我的Without lesson your

finished . could have help, been no Or: The bridge could have never been built.

8. confirm sth is true. confirm 确认 I 9. 故relation to

相我们积极努力找出与事关的原因. be 10. worth doing sth time to do sth. It is worth taking some 11. I去式t’s time we went(过13. ) home.

will be I assure everything 一切没错。all right. 14.

我保证15. 报价16. None of us know what 不配 offer price doesn’t match happened 生了什么事。没一个人知道发17. 我根本不可能。如果没人提到他名字，Had sb not mentioned his

name. I would have never recognized him.

18.though remembered 19. 一致性他考试结果不稳定（不with20. „„） be not consistent 21. 五分之四 four-fifths 片(otherwise)运你必须到„24„小时内把照passport 你得 不不然到Ⅲ分 reading (3篇短文30% 2Passage A. e.g. What city /题)

is locate?

the capital of China 园丁整理草坪，修剪树木（shape. prune）修平、改善树的Improve The off)gardeners the shape 剪of 稀trees 通风，有时花木in order to (cut

让树 Passage C 世界人口在增长，人类空间世界人口

from 越来越有限，meeting. attending the 带来„„的问题。随着„„增长，6今后的耕地越来越少 12、他们过去经常被迫工作① 人口增长原因： 越来越to work 12 hours. They 小时。used to be compelled 多地少单位产量longer Living

由于人短文简单表达Translation (Book 2 )② higher/larger. productsoutput/

unit 越来Words 集区，迫使田地生产越来越在越人口much 密Successful 多。adult n. a. 成功的 浙江产值的期待值相对于醅 e.g. 我国东部、上海、的，成熟的成年人 a. 成年更高。七年一循环disagree vi (with) 1. 圣经上说，土地耕了七年要

分歧，不同意；有休一年（就象一周七天，要不2.不一致,休声明，符 statement n. tired.

息）the land will be 保证，担保，保修陈述guarantee n./vt. ③intelligent a. Arctic Island我们知道在北极明智的聪明的，④开辟新land 洲similar 现象（作者描写/告诉我们一种的记叙文：phenomenon现象） independent ；2.与a. „1.相似的，类似相一人回忆过去，某天妈妈把 的，自主的 似 a. （to独）立 他带到索，clue n. 线①（street

通讯，交流，交际提示communicate vi. his boyhoodHe was thinking about 达，传播 vt. 传②烤面包师在阳台） inexact a. 看到人来，就准备好，孩子balcony精确的闻到香味不完整的 incomplete a. 不正确的，不文regularly ad. 老章主要

讲Boss/Manager常地，定期地整齐地，经cheek)板脸technique n. 1. children的。总是肿(Swollen 术；成了干洗店，走到一空地，玩的地方，想起了boyhood/ 现在变outline vt. 2.技巧，手艺 技曾是他的天空，对过去的回要点忆。to disagree with n. 轮廓；概括，提出大纲，提纲 1) 分歧，不一致of his boyhood? 为什么

Why„„ think to 2) balcony

依„而定depend on 与„有依赖，依靠；3) be 4) Why „„swollen 兴趣interested 答：„„ cheek肿脸 instance n. in 对„感Ⅳrecall childhood. 孩子们去玩。 dumb a. short) Close 10% (短文very traveler n. 哑的；例，无言的实例 一、内容：孩子们喜欢所有简要拾配

旅人们讲故事，特别是喜欢所a. 游者 primitive 旅客，讲过去的事情。exact a. 原始的 ①正确的精确的，to the stories Children love

to listen consist vi. when they were children , 有天晚上 （②tax n. of） 组成grandma uncle 对„征税税（款） vt. never seen. whom and they aunt have or. generally ad. ③地，通常，大体上一般④It was the spirit that federal a. 二、be familiar to.

in case type n. 联邦的Where在这种情况下

vt./vi. salaried 打字类型， 种类，品种 have savedwhich 在这些地方这些生命

本可拯救，could 的，领工资的 a. 拿薪水earn vt. 1. 今天的许多人来说）to many people（对于

2.挣得，赚得；vary vi. 获得，赢得 分利用take advantage of(

充同，呈差异等发达国家医生美誉为“空) e.g. Australia不同 vt.变化，改变，使有不中医生”charge vt. 1. Ⅴ单词拼写（。

指个字母10%）n.1.控；3.装填，索价；2.不指控；价钱，费用； 2.使充满 adv. Invariably

变的e.g.

已给一 invar → 荷评估item n. 3.负责，主管；控告，4.负evaluate

value → vt. 目条，条款，项捕获figure n.1. vt

capture n. 物；数字；绝对的vt.(out)3.外形，轮廓2.人→ absolutely revenue n. 1.演算出； 想出；改编 adv.

的）岁入，税收；（国家理解 n. adaption

adapt to → 收益2.收入，谬论diverse a. 悲惨的 fallacy 相异的；不同的，adj. miserable

misery → confuse vt. 2.多种多样的让人„确信淆使混乱， 混of sth

convince sb property n.1. 内容产，所有物；偏见 content

part →

fund n.1.2.性质，特性财产，资备，贮存 vt.基金专款供以款项，提2.储 1

被归为一类的；机密的2.保密的，available a. 可获得的可利用的，display 列，展览； n./vt. 1.陈entertainment n.1.2.显示 游艺，技艺表演；款2.娱乐，招待，audience n. 待 读者听众，观众，limited a. attractive a.有限的 力的，引起注意的有吸收characteristic 的，典型的为特有的（ a.特n.of有）slogan n. 特性；特征 identify 标语，口号 出，鉴定；认为„等同于vt. 认（a.商业广告商业的，商务的；with） commercial n.responsible a.1. 责的，承担责任的（2.for需负）；3.有责任感的,负责可靠的；particular a. 1.责任重大的，重要的 的，某一的；特定别的2.特殊的，特估计，估价；评价 estimate n.计，估价 vt.估be 为„所特有，是„的特性characteristic of no be more than 仅仅 对„负责任的；对„承担责responsible for 任to 定decide on 决定，选be 联，参与，介入involved in unwilling 的，不愿意的 与„有关 a.不情愿unusual a. 与众不同的不寻常的，average n. a.1.通的；平均的；平均数，2.平均；affect vt.v.平均 平常的，普动float vi./vt. 影响，打漂浮remain vi.1. （使）旧是；reflect vt.2.剩下，余留仍然是依映；lunar a. vi.思考，考虑（反射，反 on, up） except for 月亮的 除去，撇开除了„外，principle n.1. 原meaningfulness n.则；2.主义，原理，信念 富有意义to make sense 意义有interrupt vt. 扰；终止，阻碍；打断，打打扰release vi.打断，放，； n./vt.1.释3.n.1.放开，松2.开发布，发行；digestive 质量；2.品质，特性 quality （食物）的a. engage vi.(in) 消化参加2.vt.1.使从事于，从事于，scarcely ad.占用（时间等） 使忙于；几乎没有imitate vt.1. 几乎不，仿效；substance n.1.2.仿制，仿造 模仿，2.物质；意实质，本质；n.压力，压强 3.主旨，大 pressure personal a.1.私人的；shelter n.1.2.亲自的 个人的，护；掩蔽，保掩蔽，庇护2.掩蔽处，躲蔽处；vt.create vt.1. 作；创造；2.创cultivated a.1.3.引起，产生 耕3.作的；2.栽培的，非耕种的，acquaintance 有修养的,文雅的野生的；识，了解； n.1.认人2.相识的人，熟absolute a. 完全的convenient a. 绝对的，rather （不如）than 方便的与 interrupt vt.1.；不是„（而是）其„ 断，中n.断打扰；打 2. 终止，阻碍 vi.优先（for. to ） 1.preference 偏爱；2.maximum n. 大量，大的顶点 a.最大限度，最最高的，最环境，周围状部，自然环境 environment n.adapt vt.1. 适合（vi.to）；2.改编，改写；使适应，使（解决，解答to适） solve vt.arouse vt.1. 起；引起，激exposure n.1.2.唤起，唤醒 露；imitative a.1.2.曝光 暴露、揭2.alternative 仿制的 模仿的；的东西；择一的，供选择的2.取舍， n.1.选择供选择a.两者benefit n. vt.sufficient a.有益于vi.益处，好处；得益 的，充分的足够accompany vt.1. 陪同；生2.陪伴，approximately ad.；3.伴随，和„一起发为„伴奏 地，大约地近似reference n.1. 涉及；species n.[2.参考，参考书目提及， 种，类extinct 单复同形]的； a.1.熄灭了绝种的2.消亡了的；3.灭绝的，n. extinction tough a.1.的；强壮的，坚强(艰苦的肉等食物2.粗暴的，强横的；)老的；4.困难的，3. fatal a. 性的致命的，毁灭initiate vt.1. 创始，发起；开始，potential a.2.倡议，提出可能的潜在的， dominate vt./vi. 治，支配，控制统facility n.1. 设施；设备，场所供个人存放衣物用的带2.便利，容易（公共锁的小柜）comment n.1. 评注maintain vt.1. vi.1.评论；评论；2.注释2. 保持；gesture n.1.2.维修，保养 维持，势；态，表示2.（外交等方面的）姿姿势，手contribute vt.1. 2.贡献；vi.(to)1.捐献，捐助；3.投稿2.cancel vt.1.捐献；3.起作用，有助于；投稿 取消；2.

删除，划掉 建立，创办，vt. establish 由此可见，将所有的信息放restore vt.使恢显然的，a. obvious 在脑海里形成一幅完整的形复，（使回复） 认识，n. acquaintance 象，有助于我们保存记忆。 interview vt./n.1.最大限度，n. maximum 3、Many primitive 面谈，采访；2.面试，口试 使适应，vt. adapt peoples believed that by prospect n.1.展望，景解决，vt. solve eating an animal they 象；2.前景，前程 推论，n. inference could get some of the good density n.1.密集近似的adj. approximate qualities of that animal 度，稠密度；2.[物][化]密物质n. substance for themselves. They 度 实现，完成vt. implement thought, for example, constant a.1.永恒的，门类n. category that eating deer would 经久不变的；2.经常的，不断的；昏暗的adj. obscure make them run as fast as n.[数]常数 传下，遗传vi. descend the deer. Some savage launch vt.1.发射，投推荐vt. recommend tribes believed that 射；2.使（船）下水；3.发波动vi. fluctuate eating enemies that had 动，发起（运动等）；n.发射，额外的a. extra shown bravery in battle （船）下水 起初的a. original would make them brave. exploit vt.1.开发，交易n. bargain Man-eating may have 开采；2.利用；3.剥削 争吵v. dispute started because people campaign n.1.战役；保险n. insurance were eager to become as 2.运动，参选活动；vi.参加复杂的a. complex strong and brave as their 运动，参加竞选活动；vt.坦白地ad. frankly enemies. P113 使„参加运动；对„进行活打哈欠 yawn 许多原始的民族都认为动 order秩序 scarce缺吃了某种动物就能得到那种despite prep 尽管，任乏，不足 adequate 足动物所具备的一些优良特凭 够的 性，例如，他们认为吃了鹿minimum n.最小量；最低混乱n. disorder 肉就能和鹿跑得一样快，一不是不可了解的，恰恰相反，

只要愿意了解保险知识的人，都能弄明白保险的基本原则。认真钻研就会获得保险知识。研究保险是许多美国家庭用来对付不懂保险情况的一种切实可行并行之有效的方法。

7、Every little bit of kindness helps. With manners, the best rule is the one that works. It is easier to look and sound attractive when we are nice to other people. Being polite and showing respect can give us an edge. P3

每一个小小的友爱都会对你有帮助。关于礼貌，最好的原则就是能办成事，能起好作用。当我们对他人友好时，我们很容易看上去，听起来很动人。彬彬有礼和尊重别人都能使我们占有优势。

8、In the recent past, 钻石是由碳构成的，在所有的生物中，包括植物和动物都可发现碳。地球上大男的碳来自曾经在地还需上生存的生物。

教材上册 1、暴力电影对学龄前儿童影响很大。

Violent films have great effect on preschool children

2、谁就对这次行动负全部责任？

Who should take full responsibility for this action?

3、这些天他常遭受头痛的困扰。

He often suffers from headache these days.

4、中世纪欧洲教会严重阻碍了科学的发展。

In the Middle Ages, the church seriously hindered the development

5、我们的结论基于全部可获得的知识，而不是基于限度少的a.最小的；最低的；最concession n.1. 2.让步；rhythmic a.特许权；3.租界、租界地 的；有节奏的有韵律distinct a.1. 的，独特的；originate vi./vt.2.与其他不同明显的 发源；发生，发起participant n. 者；inspire vt.1.a.参与的 参加使产生灵感鼓舞；2.conventional a.1. 惯例的，常规的；等）因袭的2.（艺术harmony n.1. 谐；协调，和robot n.2.融洽，一致 制装置automotive 机器人；自动控的，机动的； personnel n.1.2. 汽车的a.1.自 动人员，门）全体职员；2.人事全体（部使暴露，使面临； expose vt.1.揭发2.揭露，critical a.1. 的批评（性）表示谴责的， 批判（性）的；2.对„的（of）；3.紧要的，关键对„感到不满portray vt.性的 危急的 写；描述acquire vt. 描绘；描到rhythm n.1. 获得，得律；韵律，格fluctuate vi.1.2.节奏 伏；波动，起使起伏2.动摇不定；vt.使波动，nomination n. 任命提名；decline vi.1. 下降；绝，2.衰退，衰落；下倾，3.谢下倾，下降；拒绝vt.拒绝，negative a.1.2.衰退谢绝/落n.1. 认的；3.[n.1.数]2.否定的，否负的，反面的，消极的；[电]阴性的化负片，底片；2.负数进n. rhythmvi evolve 韵律，evaluate 估价，评价n. 提名，任命vt. 单nomination v. nominateimplication 复数含义，暗示n. concession v. concede让步，n. 便特权，的，adj. convenient 方adj. primitive n. privilege原始的，证，保交n. guarantee 线索，流，federal n. cluevi. 联邦的，communicate adj. adj. tend municipal市政的，embarrassed空暇，倾向于，n. vi, confused, 尴leisure 尬 bewilderedpretend not to do迷惑的 puzzled He disportpretended not to 假装see enhance 失望 me. verbal 口头的提高vt. a. 描统计数字绘vt. portray 全体人员，n. statistics 一致，相符人事n. personnel 不繁殖，充分的，vi. coincide a. inadequate incident vt. reproduce accident 事件 播送，事故vt. transmit 几乎不演示，热心，热情说明ad. scarcely vt. demonstrate 建立，创办n. enthusiasm 认识，稳了解vt. establish 谢绝定性n. n. acquaintance stabilityv. decline (stable) interview 面试n. n. v. prospect 尽力，展望发挥collapse exert 倒塌v. 暗示，含义发射n. 反保证，担保抗 launch implication ，反对vt. oppose positive ensure 否核子的定的肯定的a. 充灭绝足a. nuclear negative a. adequate 模维持仿n. extinction 的a. 假n. maintenance imitative 凶猛地期n. vacation adv. fiercely 翻译句子：英译汉is 1、Language learning kinds different from other people of intelligent who learning. are Some very successful and fields find it difficult in their to learning. succeed in learners Conversely, language difficult other fields. to find succeed it in 他事物。一些人很聪明，并学习语言不同于学习其在他们自己所处的领域内很有成就，却发现很难在学习语言上获得成功，相反，一些人在学习语言上很难成功，却发现很难在其他领域有所成就。is 2、The last principle Research visualization. striking improvements in has shown many when people are asked to types of memory tasks visualize the items to be remembered. subjects In one study, asked to learn some words in one group were using imagery, while the second repetition group words. to learn used imagery remembered 80 to Those using the 90 percent of the words, compared percent of the words for with 30 to 40 those repetition. Phus forming who memorized by an integrated image with au in the can help us to preserve a a single information mental picture placed memory. P87 象、研究表明，当人们对要最后一个原理是直观想记忆的内容进行直观想象时，就会产生各种各样惊人的增强记忆的效果，在一项调查研究中，要求一组被试者用直观形象法学习一些生词，而另一组被试者用重复法学习这些生词。那些使用直观形象法记忆的被试者记住了之下用重复法记忆的被试者80%~90%的词汇，相比只记住了30%~40%的词汇。些野蛮的部落的人认为吃了在战场上表现勇敢的敌人就可以使自己和他一样勇敢，吃人现象的发生可能是因为人们渴望变得像他们的放人一P139 样强壮和勇敢。 加transmit an event such as 4、In order to the satellite, Olympics signals into are first television via are station when radio waves, changed which orbiting on sent earth from to an a satellite satellite. radio receives The back waves and sends them the another to them up and changes them station earth, where picks back signals. Because any into television of form information sound or changed can visual be satellites into radio transmitting are capable waves, television not only of but broadcasts, printed telephone books materials calls such and P199 and magazines. as 林匹克运动会这样的盛会，为了通过卫星传播和奥电视信号首先被转化为无线电波然后把无线电波从地球上的发射台传到在轨道上与地球同步运行的卫星。这颗卫星收到无线电波以后把它传回到地球上。地球上另外一台楼收台收到无线电波以后再把收到的无线电波还原成电视信号。因为任何形式的声音或视觉信息都能转化成无线电波，所以卫星不仅能够传播电视广播，还能够传播电话印刷材料、如书和杂志。develop rapidly when man 5、 Science began to laid beliefs and began to seek side his wrong true explanations. Young children about child wants to take apart how things are work. curious The a watch to see what makes it work. P261 而开始寻找事物的真正解释类人们抛弃了错误观念时，科学便开始飞速了。孩子们对事物是如何运[发展转的很好奇，小孩会拆开一只表看看是什么使它走动的。 can be complex, its basic 6、Although insurance concepts difficult nor impossible are neither to opposite. learn. Quite the fundamentals Insurance understood can willing Serous to study by those be them. knowledge. study insurance The study provides of proven method of dealing is an effective, with ignorance the insurance American faced by many P359 families. 的，但其基本概念既不难也

虽然保险可能是复杂2

medical researchers have begun fact to emphasize the associated that heart smoking with disease is exercise, and a lack stress, of reduce the risk of heart and we can often disease attention by paying factors. P4

to these more 始强调这样一个事实：心脏前不久，医学研究者开病与人的精神压力、抽烟和缺乏锻炼有关，如果我们多加注意这些因素就能减少心脏病的患病机率。to 9、Honesty will have

pressure: in the family, come from social at each and every one of us school, on the job, can encourage honesty be showing are which behaviors Teaching become respect unacceptable. responsibility. P577

everyoneshould ’s 力：在家庭、学校、在工作正直只有产生于社会压上，我们每一个人可以通过向人们展示哪些行为不为接受，来鼓励正下。教人学会尊重，应该成为每个人的责任。

feel 10、Exercise makes me shower. I get to my next terrible. Even when I class smelling wet, room. P623

like and a probably locker 使我洗淋浴，我去上下一节锻炼使我感觉很糟。即课时仍浑身湿淋淋的，也许会让人闻到我身上的汗味，就跟在更衣室是一样臭。scientists, 11、According to

of directly contributing to rainforests the is burning many also the so-called greenhouse effect. say, This effect, temperatures is raising they levels and average caps recede. P667

as the polar sea ice 雨林也直接导致了所谓的温据许多科学家说，焚烧室效应。他们说，温室效应使平均温度和海平面上升，因为它使南北两极冰盖融化。

to cry whenever one wants 12、It is unnecessary to cry, but one should be able to cry-when one needs to to cry when one ought cry. certain Porto cry disequilibrating

emotionally under conditions for is health.

the maintenance necessary of 想哭就要哭，但一个人应该一个人没必要任何时候在该哭时，能哭出来，在特定的感情失一个人需要哭时，衡条件下哭对保持自行健康是必要的。from 13、Diamonds

are made found both in carbon. Carbon is Much of the carbon in the plant all living and animal. things, earth that once lived.

comes from things 猜测和想像。based Our

knowledge.

on conclusion all available was 心我们的自然环境。6、越来越多的人开始关

are More and more people natural environment.

concerned about our 力，同时有利于社会安定。7、诚实来自于社会压social Honesty comes from

same pressure, beneficial time, it at the security of society.

to the is 替他？8、经理不在时，谁来代away, who will be in the When

the manager is place of him?

们提问题。9、他留出半个小时让我

hour He set aside half an questions.

for us to raise 或表情的含义的误解往往会10、在交流中，对手势引起尴尬。misunderstanding In

communication, meaning gestures of body and the leads of facial embarrassment.

to look /causes always 气，而是靠能力。11、他的成功不是靠运owe to luck, but ability.

His success

doesn’t 他们不会哭。12、男人不哭并不是说

doesn’tThat can’ men mean don’tthat they cry 对方，避免磨擦或冲突。13t cry.

、我们应该学会尊重respect We should learn

to ovoid for conflict.

friction each other, or 去年的一半那么多。14、他充其量不过能做half At year.

as much best,

as be he did can last do 惯，就很难除掉。15、你一旦染上了坏习

habits, Once you get into bad rid of it easily.

you can not get 场战斗。16、我们肯定会赢得这the battle.

We are

bound to win 是至关重要的。17、相互理解对于友谊other Understanding

importance is of vital each

to friendship.

教材下册that 1、 isolated phenomenon. But a People decision often assume is an from view, a systems point multiple problems of decisions causes, have and and have intended consequences. unintended organization An ongoing decision entity, is and an a have made today may into the future. Thus the

consequences far

skilled manager looks toward the future consequences of current decisions.

人们经常假设一项决策是孤立的现象。但从系统的观点看，问题有多种原因，决策有预期的和非预期的结果。一个组织是一个正在发展中的实体，现在的决策可能给将来带来深远的影响。因而，熟练的管理者会看到当前决策对未来的影响。

2、他由朋友陪同去听音乐会。

He was accompanied to a concert by his friend.

3、他已说服她改变决定。

He had argued her out of her decision.

4、他们展示给我们一个完全不同于我们自己的世界运行方式的世界，并对我们的最基本的时空经验提出了疑问。

They show us a world world received much media attention earlier this year in several highly publicized cases. In one of them, a Filipino maid was executed in Singapore after being convicted of murder, despite protests from various quarters that her guilt had not been adequately established. Groups lid Anti-Slavery

International say other, less dramatic, cases are equally deserving of attention, such as that of Lydia Garcia, a Filipino maid working in London:

10、家仆的工作状况得到了新闻媒介的关注。

The working conditions of domestics received media attention.

11、这三种形式保留着音乐和文化方面的特色，甚17、乘喷气式飞机因时差而引起的生理节奏的破坏是每一个旅行者有时会遇到的问题。但你必须得忍受吗？理解它是怎么回事，以及如何小心饮食才可以将其最坏影响减到最小程度，你的飞行就不会那么紧张了。

The problem of Jet Lag is one every international traveler comes across at some time. But do you have to suffer? Understand what it is, and how a careful diet can minimize its worst effects, and your flights will be less stressful.

18、时差反应是每一个国际旅行者可能遇到的问题。

The problem of Jet Lag is one every international traveler comes across at some time.

19、你的假设不是建立presidency, a candidate must receive at least 270 votes, an electoral majority.

23、回归在世界各地引起了很大的震动。

The return on caused a big stir all over the world.

24、随着研究技术变得更先进，实验中使用的动物数目可能会减少，但完全停止在动物身上实验还有很长的路要走。

As research techniques become more advanced, the number of animals used in experiments may decrease, but stopping testing on animals altogether is a long way away.

25、动物研究对人类医学的发展作出了重大的贡献。

Animal research has given human medicine many specialist expresses only

the particular. The poet, moreover, can remind us that man’s greatest energy comes not from his dynamos but from his dreams. But the quality of a man’s dreams can only be a reflection of his subconscious. What he puts into his subconscious, therefore, is quite literally the most important nourishment in the world.

33、计算机在工业领域的应用使生产效率发生了惊人的变化。

The computer used in industry made astonishing changes in productivity.

34、两个双胞胎如此相似，以至于很难区分他们。

The two twins resemble so much that it is very difficult to distinguish between them.

which totally operates from different in a question our own and they way experience our time.

of most space basic and 建立晚期病人收容所的传统5、英国也有一个牢固的——只是照顾将要死亡者和他们的特殊需要的医院。茜西莉·桑德斯，国家收容所委员会和收容运动的发起者，主张安乐死并未考虑到照顾将死患者有多种方式。她还谈到允许安乐死就会破坏广大的人们对照料和关心的需要：这很容易使老人、残疾人和“现在社会上，依靠别人生存的人感觉到他们是负担，因此他们应该决定退出。我认为任何法律上允许缩短生命的做法肯定使这些人更容易受伤害。strong Britain also has ”

hospices-special

tradition of a hospitals for which special the dying and care only Saunders, needs. their the President Cicely of Council National member and a Hospice founder movement, of euthanasia argues the hospice that into are dying. ways account doesn’tof caring that take for there the concerned She euthanasia that is allowing also undermine would care and consideration the need for a “society Itwide ’s range very of easy people: of in elderly, the disabled now for the the and they dependent therefore are burdens, to feel that and to opt out. I think that that they ought anything allows the shortening of that legally life people does make 并不意味着他们不关心病6、支持这一观点的医生more vulnerable.those ”

人。

this opinion do not mean Doctors who support that they donthe patient.

’t care for 7、他们要求释放犯人 the prisoners They requested that 易得病。8、水的污染使居民们容be set free.

inhabitants Water

pollution diseases.

vulnerable makes to 众高度注意的事件中，全世9、今年早些时候引进大界女佣的悲惨状况得到了媒体的注意。一个菲律宾女佣在被判谋杀其中一个事件是，罪后，在新加坡被处决。尽管各方面都她的罪行尚未充分证实。类似于国际反奴隶制的团体声称，其他一些不太富戏剧性的情况也同样值得注意，如一个在伦敦工作的菲律宾女佣，莉迪亚·加西亚事件。women The sad condition of

domestics working around the

as 至到有一种表达出任何激进的新1965年，这三种音乐没的意识形态。布鲁斯表达黑人的情感；摇滚乐是青春活力的跳动；民间音乐表达反战友情绪、爱和恨。remained The three

culturally distinct, and musically forms and even of any radically new states them as late were as expressing 1965, none of expressed consciousness. Blues rock youthful energy; and was the black beat soul; of music expressed anti-war folk sentiments and hope.

as well as love 不该承担太繁重的工作。12、为了你的健康，你health, For the sake of your

take on too much work.

you should not 任了人类任务的机器人也同13、已经在汽车领域接样开始在其他工业中看到，虽然使用程度低一些。在那里它们制造电动马达、小型器械、袖珍计算器，甚至手表。核电站里的机器人处理辐射材料，保护人类职员免于暴露在辐射下。这些机器人可以减少这一新型工业中与工作有关的伤害。

taking Robots, the over already beginning automotive human field, tasks in although to be seen, are degree, to industries in a lesser other they as well. There motors, build electric pocket small appliances, even watches. The robots calculators, and used plants in nuclear radioactive handle power preventing materials, the personnel human exposed from being These responsible are to the radiation. robots reduction in job-related for the injuries industry.

in this new 应该有能力面对一切困难。14、在关键时刻，我们we At critical moment,

facing all difficulty.

should be capable of 衡发展作为教育目标。越认15、学校通常把人的平真地追求这个目标，就越可能激发人们对休闲和学术研究的积极态度。

as Schools objective the attainment their usually educational set of of a balanced seriously the person. development the more likely positive this is The sought, more attitudes as well as academic work towards leisure will be encouraged.

作压力大的社会中，放松一16、在生活节奏快、工下有利于健康。pace and stressful work, In a society

with fast finding yourself time to relax health.

contributes to 在充分的事实基础上的。not Your assumption

is facts.

based on adequate 社会结构的迅速重建，如果20、如果“”是对社会的年龄构成被看做社会结构的一个非常重要的方面，那么在欧洲特别是每一个人的生命超过欧，50这其中的含义只是刚刚开始已经有一场。岁的西总之，被人们认识到。这些事实和情况早些时候在法国维希举行的一个世界大会上被视为科学和的挑战而置于显著的地位。a the rapid If “revolution

” is if the age composition of social resettlement structure, and of the very important aspect of society counts as a that then social there social has structure, been a European revolution in Western European society and particularly within everyone the lifetime together, over50. of have these things Taken are only beginning to be implications which acknowledged. and These well to the fore earlier circumstances facts were this gathering year challenge to science and about at aging a world as a to policy, held at Vichy in France.

决于种种因素。21、人们寿命的长短取person The life-span

of factors.

depends on many a 成要考虑到许多因素，包括22、候选人的策略的形的这一条款：每个州具有的选举人票的数量与其在国会中的代表人数相等。这样每个州因其参议院代表得到两张选举人票，依靠其众议院代表得到不同数量的选举人票。总共有人票（包括538张选举区的，尽管它在议院没有投3张哥伦比亚特票议员）一个候选人必须得到至少。要赢得总统职务，270票。张选票，即选举的多数

strategies are shaped by The candidates’ many including considerations, constitutional provision the that electoral votes equal in each state shall have number representation to its Congress. in gets two electoral votes Each state thus for representation its Senate varying and a electoral number of on representation.

its votes depending House Altogether, electoral

there are 538 votes(including the even District of Columbia, three for voting though it has no Congress). representatives To win the

in 3

benefits.

梦通常被认为不是浪费时间26、直到最近，白日做就是要患精神病的征兆。习惯性白日梦被看做精神失调的证据或是对现实生活和责任的逃避。人们相信，习惯性白日梦会使人远离社会，降低其处理现实问题的效率。就最好的情况来讲，白日做梦被评为是代替生活现实的补偿品。

daydreaming Until recently considered was generally of time or a either a waste neurotic tendencies, and symptom of habitual daydreaming was regarded maladjustment as evidence escape realities from or of life’an s responsibilities. It was and believed daydreaming that habitual eventually would people reduce from society distance and effectiveness their with in coping best, real considered daydreaming problems. At its substitute a was things in life.

for compensatory the real 他的信心。27、老师的赞赏增强了teacher The

confidence.

enhanced praise from his 玩，当玩游戏时，我们享受28、与劳作相对立的是我们所做的事，否则我们不会玩，社会对你玩或不玩游戏是极但它纯粹是私人活动；不关心的。labor The

play we a game, is antithesis play. to we When we should are doing, is not play otherwise enjoy what it, but we activity; a purely private it not care less whether we society could play it or not.

项工作。29、他不情愿地从事这undertook this job.

He

reluctantly 命的情况下，这项活动的名30、在她付出了自己生称听起来令人心碎：随时随地做好事。name Given

heartbreaking of the her program, fate, has the a to resonance Kindness.

it: Random Acts of 告终。31、她的劝说以失败而

no avail.

Her persuasion is of 人有表达共性的优势，而专32、亚里士多德说，诗家只能表达某一特性。诗人还可以提醒我们，一个而且，人最大的能量不是来自他的精力而是来自他的梦想。但一个人梦想的特性只是他的潜意识的反映。因此，他的潜意识中的东西确实是世界上最重要的营养。

Aristotle, A poet, advantage has said the the universal; of expressing the