全新版大学英语综合教程第一册Unit-One-Growing-up

Unit One Growing up

Teaching Objectives 教学目标： Students will be able to: ①Grasp the main idea and understand the structure of the text; ②Enlarge the vocabulary, and master the key language points and grammatical structures in the text; ③ Appreciate the narrative skills demonstrated in the text (selection of details, repetition, and coherence); ⑤ Conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking and writing activities centred upon the theme of the unit. Teaching emphasis difficulties 重点与难点 2. Teaching approaches & means 教学方法与手段 课 堂 进 程

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1. Vocabularies of CET4 level; Phrases and sentence structure; & Appreciating the narrative skills demonstrated in the text (selection of details, repetition, and coherence); Task-based Approach ; Communicative Language Teaching; Activity Teaching Approach; Question-answer Teaching Approach. Multi-media Video PPT Picture Blackboard 次序 1 2 内 容 第1—2节: Text A Lead-in, Culture notes, Global analysis of the text 第3—4节: Detailed Reading 3 第5-6节: Detailed Reading, Post-reading tasks

Teaching Procedure: Period 1 – 2 I. Lead- in: (15 minutes) Discussion A)What do your group like or dislike about English? Give two or three reasons. B) English is a required course for most college students. Apart from passing exams, are there any other reasons for studying English? 2) Listen to a song and ask information about the song. 3) And ask Ss to guess what the text is about based on the title. 4) Give some background information: grading system, What American teachers wear in school, Spaghetti and the proper way of eating it II. Cultural notes (5 minutes) 1.Grade schools in the US.: It is necessary to have some knowledge of grade schools in the U.S. because Ss have to realize that “the third year in high school〞 (para. 1) equals “the eleventh grade〞 (para.9). U.S. students generally go through elementary schools (kindergarten to 5th or 6th grade), middle schools (grades 6-8) or junior highs schools (grades 7-9), and high schools (grades 9-12 or 10-12). 2.What American teachers wear in school: Nowadays, people in the U. S. love to dress causally. Even among those companies with a rigid dress code some now allow employees not to wear suits on Fridays. U.S. teachers were fairly formal clothes to school, but not necessarily suits and ties. Bow ties are considered even more old-fashioned than ties. 3.Spaghetti and the proper way of eating it: Spaghetti is the Italian-style thin noodle, cooked b boiling and served with sauce. Usually you would put a fork into a plate of spaghetti, turn the fork several times so that spaghetti will wind around the fork, then place the fork into your mouth. It’s impolite to suck. III. Global Reading:Writing for Myself (60 minutes) 1. Scanning Scan Text A and find out all the time words, phrases and clauses. since my childhood in Belleville (LL.1-2) until my third year in high school (L.2) until then(L.3) when our classed was assigned to Mr. Fleagle for third-year English(L.7) late in the year (L.17) until the night before the essay was due. (LL20-21) when I finished (L.40) next morning (L.42) two days passed (L.42) when I saw him lift my paper from his desk…(L.45) when Mr. Fleagle finished (L.58) 2. Part division of the text Parts Lines Main ideas Part I 1-15 Baker was bored by everything associated with English courses, including essay writing. 供学习参考

Part II 16-39 Part III 40-60 Baker found himself attracted by one particular topic and wrote about it for his own joy. The experience of writing the essay helped him discover his talent for writing and realize what he wished to do in life. 3. True or false 1). Baker had never thought of becoming a writer until he was in the eleventh grade. ( F ) As a child in Belleville, he had thought of becoming a writer from time to time. 2). Teachers found it painful to read students’ long and lifeless essays. ( T ). 3). Before Mr. Fleagle became the English teacher for Baker’s class, the English course had been interesting. ( F ). From the words “another cheerless year〞 we can see the English course had been quite boring. 4). In Baker’s opinion, Mr. Fleagle was really a formal, rigid and out-of-date teacher only because of Fleagle’s manner of speaking. ( F ) Besides the manner of speaking, Fleagle’s appearance and dress also showed that he was a dull and rigid teacher. 4. Multi-choice 1) At first, Baker thought Mr. Fleagle’s English course was _b__. a) interesting b) dull c) hopeful d) attractive 2) In Baker’s opinion, the title of the composition “What I did on My Summer Vacation〞 was _d__. a) dull b) unfruitful c) difficult d) foolish and dull 3) Baker liked to write a composition with the title “ The Art of Eating Spaghetti〞 because _c__. a) neither Baker nor Doris had ever eaten spaghetti before. b) they argued with each other at the supper. c) it remained him of the pleasure of that evening. d) spaghetti was from Italy and quite new then. 4) Which of the following statements is TRUE? _a__. a) You’ll not write a good composition until you like the topic. b) When Baker wrote the essay, he thought his teacher would like it. c) Mr. Fleagle had like Baker’s compositions before. d) Baker succeeded in writing two compositions. 5. Questions and answers 1. As a student, Baker was long bored by writing compositions. Later, however, his attitude changed completely. What do you think brought about this change? By reading the text, it seems that the assignment to write an essay led to 供学习参考

the change. However, the assignment was still there as it used to be as well as Mr. Fleagle. Nothing but his own understanding toward writing an essay changed. 2. Mr. Fleagle says “it’s of the very essence of the essay〞, yet he gives no further explanation. Think it over. What does he mean? After reading the class Baker’s essay, Mr. Flealge told the students “it’s of the very essence of the essay〞. It was clear enough for the students to understand what the essence was. For they enjoued the essay so much that they should have got a clue of how to mke the essay. Just like what Baker had done, to write as the things are and to write for your own joy, might be what Mr. Fleagle wants to illustrate. 3. How do you understand the title〞 Writing for Myself〞? To write for oneself may be a good way in making some certain articles such as essay pr poem and so on. For by reading such an essay, the readers expect of nothing but of the author’s individual feelings toward certain matters. Period 3 – 4 Detailed Study T asks Ss to read Part one closely and be ready to answer the following questions:(30minutes) 1) How did Baker use to feel about English courses? 〔He had been bored by everything associated with English course. He found English grammar dull and difficult.〕 2〕When did he begin to think it possible for him to become a writer? 〔The idea of becoming a writer had come to him off and on since his childhood in Belleville, but it wasn’t until his third year in high school that the possibility took hold.〕 3）What did Baker hear about Mr. Fleagle? 〔Mr. Fleagle had a reputation among students for dullness and inability to inspire. He was said to be very formal, rigid and hopelessly out of date.〕 4) What was his own impression of his new English teacher? 〔He looked to be sixty or seventy and excessive prime.-----that he seemed a comic antique.〕 T explains language points and key sentences in paragraph one: 1. The idea of becoming a writer had come to me off and on since my childhood in Belleville, but it wasn’t until my third year in high school that the possibility took hold: Ever since I was a child in Belleville, I had thought of becoming a writer from time to time, but I didn’t make up my mind until I was in the eleventh grade. off and on (or on and off): from time to time, now and again, irregularly Examples: It has been raining on and off for a week. That’s why the clothes feel damp. possibility: state of being possible; (degree of) likelihood (usu. followed by that-clause or of) Examples: Is there any possibility of life on Mars? They haven’t arrived. There is a possibility that they have taken the wrong road. take hold: become established Examples: The idea of one child only has taken hold in many Chinese families. Old habits die hard. That’s why you should stop smoking before the habit takes hold. 2. Until then I’d been bored by everything associated with English courses: Up to then I had lost 供学习参考

interest in things related to English courses. bore: make (sb.) feel tired and lose interest

Examples: The speaker went on and on, and the audience grew bored by his speech. associate (with): join or connect together; connect or bring in the mind Examples: We associate Egypt with pyramids.

I can’t associate this gentle young woman with the radical political essays she has written. Jim wished to forget everything associated with his former life.

3. I hated the assignments to turn out long, lifeless paragraphs that were agony for teachers to read and for me to write: I found it painful to write long, boring essays as required by teachers; neither did teachers enjoy what I wrote. turn out: produce

Examples: New computers are soon outdated since newer models are turned out constantly. American film studios turn out hundreds of films every year. agony: The suffering of intense physical or mental pain. His last agony was over. 他临死的挣扎已经过去了。 He was in an agony of remorse. 他处于极端悔恨之中 be in agony 苦恼不安

death agony (=agony of death)临死时的痛苦, 垂死的挣扎 in agony of pain在痛苦的挣扎中 in an agony of处在极端...状态中

T asks students to give a heading of paragraph one. (Baker’s feelings about English courses.) T explains language points and key sentences in paragraph two:

1. When our class was assigned to Mr. Fleagle for third-year English I anticipated another cheerless year in that most tedious of subjects.: When it was decided that Mr. Fleagle would teach us English during my third year in high school, I expected the English course to be as boring as before. assign:

be assigned to a new post 被派到新的工作岗 assign property to another 把财产转让给别人 assign one's failure to idleness 将失败归因于懒惰 assign homework 留家庭作业

anticipate: expect (usu. followed by gerund or that-clause)

Examples: The police had anticipated trouble from the soccer fans and were at the ground in

large numbers.

They anticipate that deaths from AIDS will have doubled by 2002.

ardently anticipate殷切地期望 confidently anticipate满怀信心地期望 2. tedious: boring and lasting for a long time

Examples: The movie was so tedious that many viewers left before it was over. a tedious story 冗长乏味的故事 tedious work 乏味的工作 3. reputation: (an) opinion (about sb. or sth.) held by others

Examples: Premier Zhou has a high reputation as a statesman in the world. a man of no reputation默默无闻的人; 没有声望的人 a person of reputation有信誉的人, 体面的人 build up a reputation博得名声

a blot [smirch, stain] on one’s reputation 名誉上的污点

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have a good [bad] reputation名誉好[坏] have a reputation for sth. (=have the reputation of)因...而著名, 以...闻名 live up to one's reputation不负盛名; 名副其实 lose [ruin] one's reputation名誉扫地 4. inspire: fill (sb.) with confidence, eagerness, etc. Examples: Martin Luther King’s speeches inspired people to fight for equal treatment of African Americans. inspire a new thought into sb.将新思想灌输给某人 inspire sb.with courage鼓起某人的勇气 inspire sth. in sb. 使某人产生某种感情; 激发某人的某种感情 inspire sb. with sth. 使某人产生某种感情; 激发某人的某种感情 5. It was said that Mr. Fleagle was very formal, rigid, and hopelessly out of date: Mr. Fleagle was said to be very formal, rigid, and hopelessly out of date. T asks Ss to pay attention to this structure and gives them more exercises. E.g. It is said hat they are building another bridge across the river. It was said that only a few students in the class have really captured the essence of the essay. rigid: (often disapproving) fixed in behavior; based on correct or accepted rules Examples: The rigid headmaster would button up his clothes even on the hottest days. rigid in one's views 意志坚决 rigid discipline 严格的训练 rigid adherence to rules严守规那么 out of date: old-fashioned Examples: Although her clothes were out of date, the old woman appeared clean and dignified. 6. and a prim manner of speaking that was so correct, so gentlemanly, that he seemed a comic antique: He spoke in a very formal and exact way. Indeed, his style of speaking was so proper and polite that he looked funny, like something rare form out of the past. comic: Characteristic of or having to do with comedy. Of or relating to comic strips.. comic opera 喜歌剧 comic book [美]连环图画杂志 comic paper 报纸的连环图画版 comic strip 连环图画 tragic (来自希腊语tragikos). adj 悲剧的；悲惨的；不幸的 a tragic accident 不幸的事故 antique: An object having special value because of its age, especially a domestic item or piece of furniture or handicraft esteemed for its artistry, beauty, or period of origin. The antique is a fake. 那古董是一件赝品。 an antique dealer 古董商 T asks Ss to pay attention to the reputation in Para.2, there are 9 prim’s or primly’s in as few as 3 sentences. Why the author wrote in this way? T asks Ss to give a heading of paragraph two. (Baker’s impression of his new English teacher.) First step: T explains the language points and key sentences in part two and part there. 〔60 minutes〕 T asks Ss to read Part two closely and be ready to answer the following questions: 1) Why did Baker he put off his writing assignment till the last minute. (Because most of the topics were dull.) 2) What was the topic that held his attention? (The Art of Eating Spaghetti) 3) Why did he want to write about that topic? 供学习参考

(Because this title produced an extraordinary sequence of metal images.)

4) What did he think Mr. Fleagle would do if he were to write the essay the way he wanted?

Why?

(He’d surely give it a failing grade. Because to write the article as he wanted would violate all the rules of formal composition.)

T explains language points and key sentences in part two (50minutes)

1. I prepared for an unfruitful year with Mr. Fleagle and for a long time was not disap-pointed: I expected that things wouldn’t improve with Mr. Fleagle as our English teacher, and for a long time I was right in my expectations. (Note that here is a touch of irony.)

2. Late in the year we tackled the informal essay: Late in the year we learned how to write informal essays and practiced writing them. tackle: try to deal with;

Everyone has his problem to tackle. The policeman tackled the thief. 3. distribute: to deliver or pass out

distribute books among the students be distributed into three classes

distribute sth. to 把某物分[配, 发]给... distribute sth. among 把某物分[配, 发]给...

4. face up to: to accept and deal with an unpleasant fact or problem大胆面向：

She must face up to the fact that she is no longer young. 她必须正视她已不再年轻这一事实。

They’ll never offer you another job; you might as well face up to it. 5. scan: look through quickly

Examples: The banker scanned the financial section of a dozen newspapers over breakfast. 6. This title produced an extraordinary sequence of mental images: At the sight of the title I saw an unusual series of pictures in my mind’s eye. sequence: connected line of events, ideas, etc.

Examples: A sequence of bad harvests forced some African countries to ask for foreign aid. image: a picture formed in the mind

Examples: Many pop stars try to improve their public image by participating in charity events.

7. Vivid memories came flooding back of a night in Belleville when…for supper.

Vivid memories of a night in Belleville when---for supper came flooding back. (The long prepositional phrase if placed at the end of the sentence for the sake of balance.) vivid: able to produce sharp clear pictures in the mind; lifelike

Examples: The birds were painted in such a vivid way that a cat jumped up to catch them. 8. recall: bring back to the mind; remember (usu. followed by noun/gerund, or that-clause) Examples: I recognize the face but can’t recall her name.

She recalled that she had to see the doctor again that afternoon.

9. argument: disagreement, quarrel

Examples: Mary found that compromise was always the best policy when she had an argu-ment

10. put down: write down

Examples: The housekeeper put down the daily expenses in a little notebook.

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11. recapture: bring back into the mind; experience again. recapture a position from the enemy 从敌人手中夺回阵地 recapture the past 回忆过去; 使过去再现 12. violate: act against Examples: violate a law violate sb.’s privacy The sound of guns violated the usual calm of Sunday morning. 炮声破坏了平常星期日早晨的宁静。 Period 5-6 Detailed Study and Exercises T asks Ss to read Part three closely and be ready to answer the following questions: (35minutes) 1) What was Baker prepared for when he found all the papers were given back but his? (He was prepared himself for a command to report to Mr. Fleagle immediately after school.) 2) What was Mr. Fleagle’s announcement? (I want to read you an essay. This is the title,‘The Art of Eating Spaghetti.’) 3) Why did Baker feel so delighted? (He felt delighted because his words had the power to make people laugh.) 4) What did Mr. Fleagle mean by saying“it’s the very essence of the essay〞? (For class discussion. Then T invites several Ss to give their opinions. T may sum up by this sentence – The essence of good essays is to write what one enjoys writing about.) T explains language points and key sentences in part three 1. compose: write or create ( music, poetry, etc.) Examples: The president’s speech is really brilliant. Do you think it was composed by himself or by someone else? 2. turn in: hand in (work that one has done, etc.) Examples: For your final grade, each of you must turn in a 7-page paper. It is said that if a policeman is ordered to turn in his gun, it is meant as a punishment. 3. I was preparing myself for a command to report to Mr. Fleagle immediately after school for discipline…: I expected that Mr. Fleagle would order me to see him soon after school for the purpose of punishing me ... command: 1) n. order Examples: The rebellious army would not obey any command from the President. 2) v. give an order to Examples: The captain commanded his men to leave the ship immediately. The king commanded that the victory day become a national holiday. (As with the verbs “suggest, demand〞, subjunctive mood is used in a that-clause after com-mand.) discipline: punishment, order kept (among school-children) labor discipline military discipline be strict in discipline strict discipline be under perfect discipline In learning a foreign language, question and answer drills are good disciplines. 学外语时, 问答练习是很好的训练方法。 供学习参考

4. what’s more: in addition, more importantly Examples: How can you love this man? He watches TV all day long, and what’s more, he seems not to have brushed his teeth for months! 5. contempt: The state of being despised or dishonored; disgrace. a touch of contempt Traitors have always been treated with contempt. He refused to answer in contempt of the rules of the court. 6. demonstration: act of showing or proving sth. peace demonstrations. 7. hold back: prevent the expression of (feelings, tears, etc.) Examples: hold back one’s anger 控制某人的愤怒 Johnny cried bitterly in the classroom, not even attempting to hold back he tears. 8．In the eleventh grade, at the eleventh hour as it were, I had discovered a calling. : In my eleventh grade, and one might say at the last possible moment, I had found something I wished to take up as a career. the eleventh hour: the last moment before sth. important happens Example: The president’s visit was called off at the eleventh hour. 9. essence: the most important quality of a thing the essence of morality in essence: by nature; essentially He is in essence a reclusive sort. of the essence: of the greatest importance; crucial Time is of the essence. 10. as it were: so to speak, as one might say 可以收；在某种程度上 11. he put the final seal on my happiness: he made my happiness complete. When T and Ss come to the sentence “In the eleventh grade, at the eleventh hour as it were, I had discovered a calling.〞 in Para. 9, T may ask Ss to recall a similar sentence they have read (Para. 1, “The idea of becoming a writer had come to me off and on since my childhood in Belleville, but it wasn’t until my third year in high school that the possibility took hold.〞) By this T will show Ss the importance of coherence in writing. V. Text Analysis:(15minutes) Selection of details: the author is very good at selecting details to prove his point. But how? Please think about the following questions. A) What details are selected to show “I’d been bored with everything associated with English courses〞? B)What details are given to show that Mr. Fleagle was dull and rigid? C) By which sentences does the author manage to give us the impression that his essay was very good? Repetition: Please think about the following questions: A) How many “prim〞 or “primly〞 does the author use in para.2? B) How many “I wanted〞 are there in para.5? C) What’s the use of repetition? Synonymous words & phrases: (8 minutes) The author is also very good at avoiding repetition by employing synonymous words and phrases. Please look for synonyms of the following words and phrases: tedious; write; 供学习参考

anticipate; prim; recall; recapture; delight; contempt; topic 4). Language Study: Off and on; take hold; bore; turn out (turn up; turn down; turn over; turn in; turn away); bore; anticipate; rigid; severe; tackle; face up to; scan; recall; violate; hold back; avoid; career; inspire; associate. (see the courseware of Unit 1) VI.Post-reading tasks(30minutes) 1.Group Discussion 1)How do you understand Houssaye’s remark “Tell me whom you love, and I will tell you who you are〞? 2)John Blanchard and Hollis Maynell were pen-pals-turned-lovers. Do you think it wise to develop friendship or even love with a pen pal or a key pal? Why or why not? If you loved someone but your parents forbade you to see him or her, what would you do? 2. Useful expressions: 1) 断断续续 off and on 1) 对…感到腻味 be bored by… 2) 觉得…枯燥男懂 find…dull and difficult 3) 以…而知名 have a reputation for… 4) 据说某人… sb. be said to be… 5) 拘谨刻板，落后于时代 formal, rigid and out of date 6) 随笔小品文 an informal essay 7) 躺在沙发上 lie on a sofa 8) 不得不面对上… face up to 9) 围坐在晚餐桌旁 be seated around the supper table 10) …重现在我脑海中 …reawake in my mind 11) 自得其乐 for my own joy 12) 违反规定 violate the rules 13) 不及格分 a failing grade 14) 别无选择，只好做… There is no choice but to do… 15) 更不可思议的是… what’s more 16) 专心听讲 listen attentively 17) 乐乎乎地开怀大笑 laugh with open-hearted enjoyment 18) 心花怒放 pure delight 19) 最后的时刻 at the eleventh hour 3. Synonyms: Find out the synonyms from Text A for the words and phrases below. dull ( L.4)lifeless (L.5), cheerless (L.8), tedious (L.8) turn out (L.5) write (L.6), put down (L.34), compose (L.41) anticipate ( L.8) prepare for (L.16) formal (L.10): rigid (L.10), prim (L.11), correct (L.15), proper (L.41), vivid memories of sth. come flooding back to sb. (L.25):sth. reawakes in one’s mind (L.30), sb. recalls sth. (L.31) recapture( L.35): relive (L.36) pleasure( L.): delight (L.55), happiness (L.58) contempt (L.52): ridicule (L.52) topic ( L.22): title (L.24) 4. Summery writing 供学习参考

When Russell Baker was young, 〔他脑子里断断续续转着当作家的念头〕the idea of becoming a wrier came to him off and on. Before he was in the eleventh grade, 〔他对所有跟英语课沾边的事都感到腻味〕 he had been bored by everything associated with English courses. Then Mr. Fleagle—〔一位拘谨刻板，落后于时代的教师〕a formal, rigid and out-of-date teacher—became his English teach. One day, Baker was asked to write 〔一篇随笔小品文〕 an informal essay. As usual, he was not interested in writing it. 〔最后，他不得不面对这讨厌的功课〕 Finally he faced up to the unwelcome task. Suddenly the topic “ The Art of Eating Spaghetti〞 attracted him. 〔这题目使他回想起在Pat姑姑家吃意大利细面那愉快的夜晚〕 The topic reminded him of the happy evening when he ate spaghetti at Aunt jPat’s home. That night he wrote the essay deep into the night. Several days later, Mr. Fleagle 〔把除了他以外的所有学生的批改正的作文发下来了〕 returned everyone’s graded papers but his. He was ready to be criticized for 〔违反规定〕 violating the rules after school. All of a sudden, he found M r. Fleagle was reading his composition.( 更不可思议的是，全班同学都在专心听他的文章) What’s more, the entire class was listening attentively to his essay. Then, Mr. Fleagle spoke highly of his writing. In this way, 〔就在十一年级，可谓是最后的时刻，他找到了一件今生想做的事〕in the eleventh grade, at the eleventh hour as it were, he had discovered a calling.

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