高考英语语法填空真题全国卷

高考英语语法填空真题全

国卷

The document was prepared on January 2, 2021

历年高考语法填空真题

1. 2018全国卷I阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式. According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61 long than non-runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long 62 see the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 ________ die early by running.

While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it 64 be more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67 cause. The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise ... it’s probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68 strength your leg muscles 肌肉,avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always 69 energy. If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70 a try. 2. 2018全国卷II阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式. Diets have changed in china-and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country 61____ grow more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over __62 __ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.

A taste for meat is 63 _____actual behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 64_________improve water quality. Corn uses less water _65_____ rice and creates less fertilizer 化肥runoff. This switch has decreased 66________ pollutein the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.

According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 67______globe fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005-when the government 68______ start a soil-testing program 69_________ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers- and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by million tons. That prevented the emission排放 of million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while 70 _____ feed its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,” says the bank's Juergen Voegele.

3. 2018全国卷III阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.

I'm not sure 61 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla大猩猩 that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at 62 top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the 63 loud of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I

quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 64 look directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel 65 challenge. My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a 66 science who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching 67 these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.

When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find 68 they alive. True to gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal 69 mean no real harm. He was just saying: “I'm king of this forest, and here is your reminder” Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 70 stay and watch. 4.2017全国Ⅰ阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.

There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community医学界 61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 effect such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.

Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 process the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 remove from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 bad, the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67 be full of fat and salt; by 68 eat more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.

Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack吃点心 between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 care not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health. 5.2017全国Ⅱ阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式. In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __61__crowd on the roads above as they travelled to and __________62__ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, ____63___lay the track and then building a strong roof over___64___ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.

Steam engines ___65__use to pull the carriages and it must have been___66__fairunpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using___67__ every day. Later, engineers ____68___manage to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels 隧道, which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the ___69___ introduce of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most ___70___success of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.

6.2017全国Ⅲ阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.

She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking

forward to challenge of her new A-level course .But unlike school friends ,16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 ________ rest. Instead, she is earning $6500 a day as 62 __________ model in New York.

Sarah 63 __________ tell that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the new year. Her father Peter 44,wants her to give up school to model fulltime But Sarah, 64 _______ has taken part in shows along with top models wants 65_________ prove that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 66_________ educate. She has turned down several 67_______ invitation to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies After school she plans to take a year off to model full time before going to university to get a degree 68___________ engineering or architecture. Sarah says, \"My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69 ___________ come first. I don't want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 70 _________ certain fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don't want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can't model my more.\"

7. 2016全国Ⅰ阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式.

Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top____61____attract.

So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I_____62________allowto get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be __63_________official given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back ____64________ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, ____65_________ I was the first Western TV reporter__66_______ permit to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include ____67______introduce British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.

On my recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _68____ it mother. The nursery team switches him every few __69______ day with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, __70____ other is with mum-she never suspects.

8.2016全国卷Ⅱ阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式.

If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify

识别those of 61___ ____ great and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a real sense of 62 ________ achieve. Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 63 ___ be often acceptable. Most of us are more focused 64 our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So get an early start and try to be as productive 65_____ possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished. Recent 66 study show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 67 ______ regular. Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 68 while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy. If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you'll be less likely

69_____ bring your work home. It could be anything, gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is, 70_______ make sure it's a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.

9.2016全国卷Ⅲ阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式.

In much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, 41 Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.

Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might 42 makeof gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 43________ createspecial designs.

The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, 44 ____________ use twigs树枝 to remove it. Over time, 45 the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 46 gradualturned into chopsticks.

Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, 47_____________-lived from roughly 551 to 479 ., influenced the 48________ develop of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 49___________ be too violent for use at the table.

Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat 50____________ their hands.

10.2015全国Ⅰ阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式.将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置.

Yangshuo, China

It was raining lightly when I__61______arrive in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn’t care. A few hours__62_____, I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with __63_____ it choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.

I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River_64________are pictured by artists in so many Chinese _65_______painting. Instead, I’d headed straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away__66____________ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.

Yangshuo__67________be really beautiful. A study of travelers_68_____________conduct by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it

_69___________regular arranges quick getaways here for people_70____________live in Shanghai and Hong Kong.

11.2015全国卷Ⅱ阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式.

The adobe dwellings 土坯房 61 ______buildby the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 62 ________ most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 63______ able to “air condition” a house without 64 use electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 65 ________ slow during cool nights, thus warming the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 66 _______ cool the house during the hot day; 67 _______________ the same time, they warm up again for the night. This cycle 68 ___________ go day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset抵消 for the outside temperatures. As 69 __________ nature architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 70 _________ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.

12.2014全国卷Ⅰ阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容不多于3个单词或括号内单词的正确形式.

Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix

In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio. It -__61____beunimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it ____62____actualcaught fire and burned. Now, ears later, this river is one of _63___most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.

But the river wasn’t changed in a few days __64____even a few months. It took years of work__65______reduce the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is___66_____clean than ever.

Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you leave a habit __67___is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation ,don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately

While there are ___68_______amaze stories of instant transformation, for most of us the___69_______change are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be 70 _________ patience 13.2014全国Ⅱ阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容不多于3个单词或括号内单词的正确形式.

One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about __41___ be late for school. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, ___42____ some of them looked very anxious and ___43__disappoint . when the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next ____44___ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike ____45___

catch my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused ____46___stop until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept ____47___ride. He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked,“____48___ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear It ‘s ____49___ I ”. She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully. Five others on the bus began talking about what the boy had done and the crowd of strangers 50 ________sudden became friendly to one another.