知识点归纳重点单词: diary space spaceship spacesuit nervous leavegravity ablefloat tie ourselves without weak breathe if camera workgardenrock postcard machine return
.重点短语:more than be able to have to so that take photos as…as…thatis such as.
课文重点句子解析: Reading1.
How will Jerry travel How may Jerry feel about the trip travel tripjourney 的用法辨析:
三者区别如下:1. travel 泛指一般意义的旅行,是不可数名词。如:He is fond of travel travelling. 他喜欢旅行。
Travel is much cheaper than it used to be. 现在旅行比过去便宜多了。注:有时可用复数形式,主要指时间较长的各处旅行,此时通常有物主代词修饰,但是尽管用了复数形式,却不能与 many 或数词连用。如:He’s gone off on his travels again. 他又外出旅行了。
另外,travel 通常只是泛指旅行,而不特指某次具体的旅行,所以通常不说:How wasyour travel
2. journey 通常指远距离的陆地旅行,并且不一定要返回到出发地即通常指单程。
如:I wish you a pleasant journey. 祝你一路顺风。He made a journey toBeijing. 他去北京旅行了。
注:journey 有时并不指真正意义的“旅行”,而只是表示走过一段距离。如:How long is your journey to work 你上班要走多远
3. trip 通常指近距离的为了办事或消遣而进行旅行,并且往往要回到出发点即指双程,不过有时 trip 也可指远距离的长途旅行,可与
journey 换用,比 journey 更通俗。如:A:Where is John 约翰在哪里 B:He’son a trip to Shanghai. 他去上海旅行了。
He’ll make a round-the-world trip. 他将周游世界。2.There can be more than one answer.more than over 超过
3. Tomorrow Ill be one of the first students to travel into the space.①one of the first students ...的其中之一 此机构中的中心名词要用可数名词的复数。如:He is one of the top students. 他是尖子生之一。
②space place room 的用法区别 三者均可表示“空地”、“空间”,区别如下:
1. 泛指一般意义的“空地”或“空间”,space 和 room 均可以用,但前
者根据情况可用作可数或不可数名词,而后者通常只用作不可数名词。
如:The large table takes up too much space room. 这张大桌子太占地方了。 There isn’t enough space room for all our luggage. 没有足够的地方可以放我们的行李。 Here is an empty place put the box here. 这里有个空地方,把箱子放在这里吧。
注:place 表示“太空”、“宇宙”,是不可数名词,而 room 表示“房间”,是可数名词。 He was staring into space. 他极目远眺。 This is one ofthe largest rooms here. 这是这里最大的房间之一。
2. place 表示“空地”,其含义通常比较具体,且往往指座位,有时与 seat 同义。
如: We’ll try to get places seats at the front of the hall. 我们要设法弄到大厅前面的座位。
There are only two places seats left for tonight. 今晚只剩两个座位。A:Is there any room space in the boat 船上有空处吗
B:Yes that place in the corner is empty. 在那边角落里还有个空位。4.The spaceship will leave the Earth at 9 a.m. 。
例如: ①“leave地点”表示“离开某地” When did you leave Shanghai --你什么时候离开上海的?
②“leave for地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如:Next Friday Alice isleaving for London.下周五,爱丽斯要去伦敦了。
③“leave地点for地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如:Why are youleaving Shanghai for Beijing你为什么要离开上海去北京?
5.It will take us to the Moon.take... to... 带...去...
6.The Moon is around 380000 kilometers from the Earth so itll take usabout four days to get there.
① around about 大约
② it take sb. some time to do sth. sb spend some time doing sth. / on sth.某人花了多长时间做某事,it 在此句型中作形式主语,动词不定式为真正的主语,如:It will take him an hour to finish all his homework.
He will spend an hour finishing/on all his homework.完成所有的家庭作业将花费他一个小时。
③get to arrive reach 的用法:三者均可表示“到达”,区别如下:■arrive和 get 都是不及物动词,前者较正式,后者则较口语化。两者之后均不可接宾语,但可接 here there home 之类的表地点的副词作状语。
如:What time does the train arrive 火车什么时候到We got arrived here lastnight. 我们昨晚到这儿。要表示“到达某地”,需借助适当介词:
1. arrive 之后通常接介词 at 一般用于较小的地方或 in 一般用于较大的地方。如:We arrived at the station five minutes late. 我们到车站晚了 5分钟。They will arrive in Paris next Monday. 他们将于下周星期一到达巴黎。
2. get 之后通常接介词 to。如:When we got to the park it began to rain.我们到达公园时,就开始下雨了。在谈到火车、汽车等或乘客等到站时,通常用 get in。如:The bus gets in at five thirty. 汽车五点半到站。
3.reach 通常是及物动词较 get 更正式,其后可直接跟地点名词作宾语不能用介词。如:He reached Beijing yesterday. 他昨天到达北京。注:reach 之后也可接 here there home 等词。
如:When did he reach home yesterday 昨天他什么时候到家顺便说一句:reach 除可表示到达某地外,还用于其它意义的到达。如:Your letterreached me last week. 我是上周收到你的信的。He has reached school age.他已达到上学年龄。You can guess it when you reach the end of thechapter. 当你读到这末尾时,你就可以猜到了。
7.There is no gravity in space.There be 句型,be 动词的形式根据其后所跟名词的单复数遵循主谓一致的原则,如:There is → 可数名词单数或不可数名词 There is an apple on the table. There is some water in the
bottle.There are → 可数名词的复数 There are two apples on the chair.8. Sowe will all be able to float around in the spaceship.
比较: be able to 与 can
1)can 表示能力;可能 过去时用 could只用于现在式和过去式could。be able to 可以用于各种时态。 They will be able to tell you the news soon.他很快就能告诉你消息了。
2)只用 be able toa. 位于助动词后b. 情态动词后
c. 表示过去某时刻动作时d. 用于句首表示条件
e. 表示成功地做了某事时,只能用 was/were able to, 不能用
could。 He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out. He managed toflee Europe before the war broke out.9.Well have to tie ourselves to our bedsso that we wont float away in our sleep
must 和 have to 用法比较讲解:
(1)must 表示“必须”,“应该”。否定式 must notmustnt表示“不应
该”,“禁止”等。在回答带有 must 的问句时,否定式常用 need notneednt或 dont have to 表示“不必”,而不用 mustnot mustnt。The work must befinished as soon as possible.这件工作必须尽快完成。You mustnt speaklike that.你不能那样说话。
-Must I be home before eight oclock 8 点之前我必须回家吗?
-Yes you must./No you neednt./No you dont have to. 是的,必须回家。/不,不必了。
(2)must 表推测
①一般只用于肯定句中,译成汉语“一定”,“必定”。There must besome mistakes.肯定有一些错误。You must be very tired.你一定很累了。
②如果表示对过去事情的推测,就用must完成时。You must haveleft your umbrella in the theatre.你一定把雨伞丢在剧院里了。His car isstill here. He must have gone by bus.他的车还在这里,他一定乘公共汽车走了。
③当 must 表推测之意时,其否定形式常用 can not 而不用 mustnot。He cant have been to your home. He doesnt know your address.他不可能到过你家, 因为他不知道你的住址。What can he be doing at this timeof night夜晚都到这个时候了,他究竟在干什么呢
(3)must 表必然性You must catch cold if you dont put on more clothes.如果你不多穿些衣服,必然感冒。All men must die.人固有一死。Truthmust be out.真相总会大白。
(4)have to 表示“必须”,“不得不”,在这个意义上与 must 很接近,但 must 表示的是说话人的主观看法,而 have to 表示的却是客观需要。Ihave to go now.我得走了。(客观需要)I must go now.我必须走。(主观看法)You have to work hard to make a living.为了谋生你就得努力工作。(客观需要)You must do what I tell you.你必须按照我告诉你的去做。(主观要求)
(5)have to 有更多的时态形式:现在时,过去时,将来时等,而 must只有现在时形式。 We had to be there at 8.我们得 8 点到那里。 I shallhave to go to school tomorrow.明天我得去上学了。
so that 以便,引导目的状语从句
I get up early today so that I can catch the first bus to work. 我今天早起以便能赶上去上班的头班车。
10.Without gravity our bodies may get weakso well have to do exercisesevery day.Without gravityIf there is no gravity our bodies may get weak. 如
果没有万有引力,我们的身体将变得很虚弱。
11.Ill have to wear a spacesuit to help me breathe because theres no airon the Moon.
①wear dress dress up in put on 的用法小结: 都含有“穿、戴”之意,但用法不同。
wear “穿着;戴着”,表示状态,宾语可以是衣帽,也可以是饰物、奖章等。例如: You’d better wear blue or black pants with blown shoes. 穿棕色鞋子的时候 最好要穿蓝色或黑色裤子。 Why does he often weardark sunglasses 他为什么经常戴着深色的太阳镜?
dress 的宾语通常是人,意思是“给……穿衣服”。dress oneself 或 get dressed 表示给自己 穿衣服。
例如: My son is now able to dress himself. 我儿子现在自己会穿衣服了。 It’s time to wake up and get dressed 该起床穿衣服了。
dress up 的意思是“盛装打扮、乔装打扮”。 I’d like you to dress upfor my birthday party tonight. 今晚我希望你为我的生日派对打扮打扮。Young kids often dress up and have fun at Halloween. 万圣节前夜,小孩子通常都乔装打扮,玩得很开心。
in 是介词,后接表示衣服或颜色的词,着重于服装的款式或颜色。它所构成的短语只能 作表语或定语。例如: This is a picture of a youngman in a black coat. 这是一张穿着黑色外套的年轻人的照片。这里 in ablack coat 是 young man 的定语。 He is in a black nylon jacket today. 今天他穿着黑色尼龙夹克。 In a black nylon jacket 在这个句子里作表语。
put on “穿上、戴上”,强调“穿”“戴”的动作,后接衣服、鞋帽等。例如: I want you to put on this coat and this hat. 我要你穿这件外套,戴这顶帽子。 Put on your heavy winter coat if you are going out. 如果你要出去,穿上你的厚冬衣。
② help sb. to do help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事
③ breath n. 呼吸相关短语:deep breath 深呼吸 take a deep breath 深呼吸 out of breath 喘不过气来,上气不接下气用法:His breath was steadiedin his sleep. 睡着之后,他的呼吸变得均匀平缓了。
breathe v. 相关短语 :breathe in 吸入 breathe out 呼出,breathe freely透气;安心 breathedeeply 深呼吸
12.Im going to take as many photos as I can that is if my camera stillworks up there...as many photos as I can as many photos as possible 尽可能多的照片
that is= that’s to say=It means...也就是说...
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