第四讲 定语从句
建议用时：15分钟
Part Ⅰ.单句语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．[2017·浙江宁波模拟]My parents are the most important for me, without ________ support, I wouldn't have reached that far.
答案：whose 考查定语从句。从句中不缺主语和宾语，但先行词与support之间存在所属关系，因此填whose。
2．[2017·四川雅安中学月考]—When did you see the sponsor, Madam?
—It was on the weekend ________ I was doing some shopping with my husband. 答案：when 考查定语从句。先行词为weekend，先行词又在从句中作时间状语，故用when。此从句结构看似强调句型，实则省略了强调句型中that...及其后所有内容。补充完整为：It was on the weekend when I was doing some shopping with my husband that I saw the sponsor.
3．[2017·江苏如东中学期中]Mensa is a society for bright people, and it aims to create a platform ________ many think can provide the chance to share their thoughts and ideas.
答案：which/that 分析从句结构不难发现many think为插入语，将其删去可知从句中缺少主语。这类句子出现时要首先将插入语去掉，以免造成误判，且先行词指物，故填which/that。
4．[2017·安徽合肥质检]The movie Pompeii came out this February，________ many people think brings a touching love story to the audience.
答案：which 考查定语从句。从句中的many people think为插入语，将其删除可看出从句中缺少主语，并且从句为非限制性定语从句，先行词指物，故只能填which。
5．[2017·南京、盐城模拟]As the dark horse, China's football team swept into the quarterfinals ________ it lost to host country Australia.
答案：where 考查定语从句。从句中不缺少主语和宾语，故填关系副词，而本题中先行词比较特殊，quarterfinals应视为地点对待，故应填关系副词where。
6．[2016·哈六中期末]It is now a children's festival, ________ they can dress up and go to their neighbors' homes to ask for sweets.
答案：when 考查定语从句。从句中不缺少主语和宾语，且先行词表时间，故填when。 7．[2016·吉林松源三模]Tom and Mike are my best friends, both of ________ also like sports.
答案：whom 考查“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。介词后只能用which/whom，且先行词指人，故填whom。
8．It was in the small house ________ was built with stones ________ he spent his childhood.
答案：which/that；that 考查定语从句与强调句型。分析句子结构可知，第一空为连教育配套资料K12
教育配套资料K12
词引导定语从句修饰house，且从句中无主语，指物，故填that/which均可；第二空为强调句型中的that。
9．On her birthday she received a present from her friend ________ which a note was attached, saying “Wish you happy and healthy！”
答案：to 考查定语从句。从句中不缺少主语和宾语，但which在空格后可知，此处应该填介词。根据be attached to可知，此空填介词to。
10．Running Man is such a funny reality show ________ has the gravity to pull you in front of your television.
答案：as 考查定语从句。从句中缺少主语，并且先行词由such来修饰，因此只能填关系代词as。
Part Ⅱ.单句改错
1．[2017·山东威海模拟]I asked him what was the matter. He smiled and told us about the funny things what had happened in the cinema.
________________________________________________________
答案：what→that/which 分析句式可知，该从句位于指事物的名词之后，且从句缺少主语，该句应为定语从句，而what不引导定语从句，故改为that/which。
2．[2017·安徽淮南模拟]After a while, I started thinking of my deskmate which always stops to pick up loose change.
______________________________________________________
答案：which→who/that 考查定语从句的引导词。先行词指人，在句中作主语，故应用who/that而不能用which, which用来指事物。
3．[2017·河北衡水模拟]The festival lasts for a week, which famous singers and bands from around the world perform very brilliantly.
___________________________________________________
答案：which→when 考查定语从句。从句中不缺主语和宾语，先行词表时间，故应改为关系副词when。
4．[2016·东北三省三校模拟]Make sure that these pancakes are hot because the customers just left a restaurant down the street where kept serving them cold ones.
___________________________________________________
答案：where→that/which 分析从句结构可知，从句中缺少主语，且先行词指物，故改为which/that。
5．Above all, we hosted two British students last year, through that we've gained lots of experience.
______________________________________________________
答案：that→which 引导非限制性定语从句，且位于介词之后的关系词只能用which或whom，先行词指事，故改为which。
Part Ⅲ.语篇语法填空(重点考查定语从句)
[2017·唐山模拟]Have you ever asked yourself why children go to school? You will probably say __1__ they go to learn languages, arithmetic, history, science and some 教育配套资料K12
教育配套资料K12
other knowledge. That is quite true; __2__ why do they learn these things?
We send our children to school to prepare them for the time __3__ they will be big and will have to work for themselves. Nearly everything __4__ they study at school has some practical use in their life. But is that the only reason __5__ they go to school?
There is more in education than just learning facts. We go to school to learn how to learn, __6__ when we have left school we can continue to learn.
A man __7__ really knows how to learn will always be successful, __8__ when he has to do something new, he will not only be able to do it well himself, he will also be able to teach others how to do it in the best way. The person __9__ is uneducated, on the other hand, is either unable to do something new, or just does it badly. The purpose of schools, __10__， is not to teach languages, arithmetic, history, science，etc., but to teach pupils the way to learn.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9．________ 10.________
篇章导读：本文讲述的是我们为什么要上学以及教育的目的。
1．that 引导宾语从句，从句不缺少成分也不缺少语义，所以用连接词that。 2．but 因为前面有分号，所以是简单句构成的句群，句子不缺少成分，根据意思用but。 3．when 关系副词引导定语从句，从句不缺少成分，先行词是the time，所以用when。 4．that 引导定语从句，从句缺少study的宾语，且先行词是everything，所以用that。 5．why 引导定语从句，从句不缺少成分，先行词是reason，所以用why。 6．so that 引导目的状语从句，根据句子之间为因果关系，所以用so that。 7．who/that 引导定语从句并作从句主语，修饰前面的A man，所以用who/that。 8．because 引导原因状语从句，根据句子之间为因果关系，所以用because。 9．who/that 引导定语从句并作从句主语，修饰前面的The person，所以用who/that。 10．therefore 分析句子得知是简单句，根据意思是“因此”，且前后有逗号，所以用therefore。
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