2023年高考英语全国乙卷试题

一、阅读理解

Passage 1

The popularity of online shopping has led to an upturn in the use of packaging worldwide, and with it a corresponding increase in waste. Consumers’ growing

concern over the impact of waste on the environment has led to a rise in demand for more environmentally-friendly packaging, and suppliers are looking for alternatives. One of the most promising of these alternatives is mycelium, the vegetative part of a fungus, which has shown potential not just as an environmentally-friendly

alternative to traditional packaging materials, but as a material that can be used to create a range of different products.

Mycelium-based materials also have the advantage of being biodegradable, so they break down after disposal without causing harm to the environment. And because they are grown in a controlled environment, they can be produced quickly and inexpensively.

Companies such as Ikea and Dell have already started to embrace mycelium-based packaging as a way to reduce their carbon footprint. In the consumer market, packaging company Ecovative has created a line of mycelium-based products, while start-up Livin Studio has developed mycelium-based furniture.

With the use of mycelium, it is possible to meet the packaging needs of a global population while also reducing the environmental impact of waste.

1.

What has led to an increase in waste worldwide?

2. Why are consumers demanding more environmentally-friendly packaging?

3. 4.

What is mycelium, and what potential does it have? What are some advantages of mycelium-based materials?

Passage 2

Artificial intelligence (AI) has become an increasingly popular area of research in recent years, with the development of increasingly sophisticated technologies that are capable of impressive feats such as natural language processing, pattern recognition, and decision-making. However, despite its potential benefits, the development of AI has also raised concerns about its potential negative consequences for society.

One of the main concerns associated with AI is its potential to replace human workers. As AI becomes more advanced, there is a risk that it could lead to mass unemployment, particularly in industries such as manufacturing and transportation where jobs are already being replaced by automation.

Another concern is the potential for AI to be used for malicious purposes, such as cyber attacks or the development of autonomous weapons. This raises important ethical questions about the responsibility of individuals and governments in ensuring that AI is used ethically and safely.

Finally, there are concerns about the impact of AI on privacy and security. As AI becomes more advanced, it is increasingly capable of gathering, analyzing, and using large amounts of data, raising concerns about the potential for surveillance and data breaches.

Despite these concerns, many researchers and entrepreneurs remain optimistic about the potential benefits of AI, and are working to develop systems that are beneficial to society while minimizing the risks.

5.

What are some potential benefits of artificial intelligence?

6. What are some concerns associated with the development of artificial intelligence?

7. What is one industry that is particularly at risk of job losses due to the development of AI?

8.

What ethical questions are raised by the potential misuse of AI?

二、书面表达

请你根据下面所给的提示，用英语写一篇不少于120词的短文。假设你是一名高中生，并做为志愿者，参加了你们学校所在地的慈善机构的活动，请你介绍你所参与的活动经历以及你对参加此类活动的看法。

提示： 1. 参加的慈善活动是什么？ 2. 活动的主要内容是什么？ 3. 你做了哪些贡献？ 4. 你对参加慈善活动的看法是什么？

参考范文： Last weekend, I participated in a charity event organized in my town. The aim of the event was to raise awareness and funds for underprivileged children. The event lasted for two days and was filled with various activities such as talent shows, speeches, and auctions.

I mainly contributed by joining a group of students to sell homemade baked goods, with all the proceeds going to the charity. This was a great opportunity to practice my baking skills, while also supporting a good cause. The entire event was a great success, and it was amazing to see a community coming together to make a difference.

In my opinion, taking part in charity events is very important because it allows us to give back to the community we live in. It also gives us the opportunity to learn new skills, meet new people, and develop a sense of empathy and compassion. Furthermore, we live in a world where many people are struggling, so it is important to do our part in alleviating their suffering.

Overall, my experience at the charity event was very fulfilling, and I am already looking forward to joining other similar events in the future.