【英语】初中英语短语动词专题训练答案

一、短语动词

1．– Jenny, the teacher will ________ your mobile phone if you use it in class. – Sorry, I won't do that again.

A. take out B. take away C. take off 【答案】B

【解析】【分析】A. take out取出，去掉，出发，B. take away带走，拿走，取走，C. take off起飞，脱下，离开。句意：Jenny，如果你在教室使用手机，老师将会把它拿走。故选B。

【点评】考查动词短语的用法。

2．I stood on the top of Mount Tai and ________ to the small village below me.

A. looked down B. looked after C. looked up D. looked through 【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：我站在泰山顶上，俯视我脚下的小村庄。look down，俯视，look after，照顾，look up，向上看，look through，看穿，根据 stood on the top of Mount Tai，可知village在脚下，因此是俯视 ， 故选A。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析，注意根据题干判断语境。

3．I a stone in a dark street and hurt my knees.

A. fell over B. fell off C. fell away 【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：我在黑暗中被一块石头……，弄伤了我的膝盖。A.被绊倒； B.从……落下； C.离开，消瘦。故选A。

【点评】考查动词短语词义辨析。

4．Nowadays more and more people ________ food safety.

A. pay attention to B. look after C. take it easy D. look out 【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：现在，越来越多的人注意食品安全。pay attention to注意；look after照顾；take it easy别着急；look out当心。故选A。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

5． I would rather _____ hiking than _____ swimming.

A. to go , to go B. going, going C. go ,go D. go, going 【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意:我宁愿去徒步旅行也不愿去游泳。本句中考查的句型是would rather do sth. than do sth.，宁愿做……也不愿做……，两部分中都用动词的原形。故选C。 【点评】考查动词。

6．In fact, many countries have _____ some effective （有效的）policies to control the population.

A. carry out B. taken out C. carried out D. thought out 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：实际上，许多国家已经采取了有效控制人口。carry out实施；施行。take out取出；think out想出。根据have可知用过去分词，故选C。

【点评】考查动词短语。

7．— Excuse me, may I take a seat here?

— Of course.

A. sit B. sleep C. smoke 【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：——打扰一下，我可以坐这儿吗？——当然。take a seat坐下，sit坐；sleep睡眠；smoke抽烟。故选A。

【点评】考查动词短语。

8．Scientists are trying to ___________ ways to treat the terrible disease called H7N9.

A. come up with B. look forward to C. talk about D. give up 【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：科学家正努力想出办法治疗叫H7N9的可怕疾病。come up with想出；提出；look forward to盼望；talk about谈论；give up放弃。根据句意可知选A。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

9．- Look! Smiths are playing basketball.

- Let's them.

A. The; join in B. The; join C. A; join in D. A; join 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：看！史密斯一家正在打乒乓球。让我们和他们一起打篮球吧。 “the+姓氏名词的复数”表示“…一家”或“…夫妇”, Smiths史密斯姓氏复数，故前用the；而join sb.和某人在一起，join them和他们一起打球．故选B。

【点评】定冠词（the）;动词词义辨析。

10．— How long does it take you to prepare for the English exam?

— It takes me about one week and a half.

A. take off B. decide on C. get ready for 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：——你准备英语考试花了多长时间？——花了一个半周。prepare for为……做准备；take off脱下；起飞；decide on决定；get ready for为……做准备。故选Ｃ。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

11．It's six o'clock．It's time to get up．Please ．

A. wake up him B. wake him up C. heat up him D. heat him up 【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意：6点了，该起床了，请把他叫醒。wake up叫醒；heat up加热。“及物动词+副词”构成的动词短语在跟代词作宾语是，注意代词放在动词后副词前，故选B。

【点评】考查动词短语

12．How I wish I could sleep longer! However, I had to get there before the plane_________. A. ran off B. went off C. took off D. set off 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：我多么希望能多睡会。然而我必须在飞机起飞之前赶到那儿。A. ran off 逃跑；B. went off离开；C. took off 脱下（衣服，鞋袜等），（飞机）起飞；D. set off出发，动身。根据句意是飞机起飞，故答案为C。 【点评】考查短语动词：take off（飞机）起飞

13．—Could we the arriving time for school to 8:00 am, Mr. Li? —You mean 7:30 is a little earlier? Let's discuss it with the headmaster.

A. find out B. give up C. put off D. cut out 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：——李先生，我们可以将到校时间推迟到早上八点吗？——你意思是7点半早了一点吗？那么我们和校长一起商量一下吧。A.弄明白；B.放弃；C.推迟；D.切断。由于觉得7点半有的早，所以将时间推迟到8点，故选C。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。注意find out，give up，put off和cut out的词义和用法。

14．— Mary, how can I get to Xianning from Wuhan next week? — You'd better take a train. the suitable trains in the timetable.

A. Set up B. Look up C. Take up D. Put up 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：——玛丽，下个星期我怎样才能从武汉到达咸宁？——你最好坐火车去。在时间表中查找合适的列车。A. Set up建立；B. Look up查找；C. Take up从事；D. Put up张贴，举起。这里是表示查找，故答案为B。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。理解句意并掌握词组的意义和用法。

15．——When are you going to for Shanghai?

——Tomorrow morning.

A. get off B. turn off C. take off D. set off 【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意：——你打算什么时候动身去上海？——明天早上。get off下车；turn off关掉；take off脱下；set off出发；动身。故选D。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

16．— Can I ______ a few minutes of yours to talk about how to deal with the old books? — Sure.

A. set up B. open up C. take up D. put up 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：——我能占用你几分钟的时间谈谈如何处理旧问题吗？——当然可以。A创立，B开通，C占据，D建造，根据 a few minutes，可知是占用时间，故选C。 【点评】考查动词短语辨析，注意根据 a few minutes 的语境选择合适的用法。

17．As a kind of important energy, coal（煤炭） can _______ one day.

A. keep out B. run out C. be run out D. run out of 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】短语run out意为“用完，耗尽（主语是物）”，keep out“阻止……进入”， run out of “用完……东西（主语是人）”；选项C是被动形式，其后应加介词of，故选B。

18．My son _______ his father, because they are both cheerful.

A. looks after B. takes after C. runs after D. looks like 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】look after照顾；照看；take after（面貌、言行、性格等）像；run after追赶； look like（外表）看起来像。句意为“我儿子像他父亲，两个人都乐呵呵的。”显然是指性格方面像，故选B。

19．—How can we help the children in the mountain village?

—We can ____ leaflets to ask people to donate money.

A. give in B. give off C. give up D. give out 【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意：—我们如何能帮助山村里的孩子？—我们可以散发传单号召人们捐款。give in屈服; 投降; 让步；give off发出; 放出; 散发出; 放射出; give up放弃；give out分发; 公布。所以选D

20．Jack is dishonest. He always some excuses for doing something wrong.

A. makes up B. sets up C. takes up D. picks up 【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：Jack不诚实，他总是编造一些理由为他做的错事。make up 编造；set up建立；take up拿起，从事，占据；pick up拾起，捡起，接某人。根据句意Jack is dishonest可知应选A。

21．The 2022 Winter Olympics will __________ in Beijing, setting up the Chinese capital to become the first city to host both Summer and Winter Olympic Games.

A. take up B. take place C. take part D. take on 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：2022年的冬季奥林匹克运动会将会在北京举行，设立中国的首都变成第一个举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市。A. take up占据；从事；B. take place举行；C. take part参加；D. take on承担。结合语境，故选B。

22．—Is the girl really that woman's daughter? But she doesn't __________ her at all.

—But sure she is. She takes after her father.

A. look like B. look for C. look up D. look after 【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：——那个女孩真的事那个妇女的女儿吗？但是她看起来一点也不像她。——但是她的确是。她长得像她的父亲。look like看起来像； look for寻找； look up抬头看； look after照顾；根据She takes after her father.可知此处表示长得像父亲，因此一点也不像母亲，故用短语look like，故选A。

23．The writer's new book will ______ next month.

A. come in B. come on C. come out D. come into 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：这个作家的新书将于下月出版。A. come in进来；B. come on快点，加油；C. come out出来，出现，出版；D. come into进入。根据“新书”可知是将要“出版”了；故答案为C。

【点评】考查动词短语。熟记短语的意义和用法。

24．—Have they thought of ways to solve the problem? —Yes. They have suggestions of their own.

A. come up with B. had no idea for C. cancelled out 【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：——他们已经想出了解决问题的方法了吗？——是的。他们已经想出了他们自己的建议。A. 想出，B. 没有主意，C. 取消，根据thought of, 想出，和Yes, 根据Yes，可知应该是已经想出建议，故选A。

【点评】考查动词短语。根据语境选出合适的选项，牢记这些短语。

25．—The government will focus on solving the problem of heavy burdens on the students. —That's good news for us. We have too much work to do after school. A. give a hand to B. give attention to C. take part in 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：——会集中精力解决学生们的重负问题。——那对我们来说是一个好主意。我们放学后不得不做太多的作业。根据语境可知focus on：把焦点放

在······，也就是注意，关注，give attention to, give a hand to: 帮助，take part in: 参加，故选B。

【点评】考查短语动词。根据语境选出和划线词意思相近的短语，确保句子通顺。

26．—What good news! Eric will be a delegate of MUN and will set off for New York next Monday.

—Yes, he made it as last. I'm sure his cultural exchange will be educational A. leave for B. be away from C. go on a trip to 【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：——多好的新闻！Eric将会是代理联合国的代表，下星期一动身去纽约。——是的，他最后成功了。我确信他的文化交流会有教育意义。set off for: 动身去，相当于leave for, 故选A。

【点评】考查动词短语。根据语境判断出划线词的意义，选出意义相同的选项，确保替代后句子通顺，意思不变。

27．—Mum, I think I need a bigger room.

—You should throw away your old toys. They have _______ too much space. A. taken up B. taken place C. taken off 【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：——妈妈，我认为我需要一个更大的房间。——你应该扔掉你的旧玩具。它们已经占据了太多的空间。A. 占据，B. 发生，C. 脱掉，起飞，根据 throw away your old toys可知要扔掉旧玩具，是因为旧玩具占了太多空间，故选A。 【点评】考查动词短语。根据语境选出合适的选项，熟记短语，并能熟练运用。

28．I have a poor memory so I have to ______ my phone number book every time I want to make a call.

A. look up B. look at C. look for D. look over 【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：我的记忆力很差，所以每次我想打电话的时候都要查一下电话号码簿。A. look up查找，查询；B. look at看；C. look for寻找；D. look over，检查，查看。根据句意可知这里是查询的意义，故答案为A。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。理解句意，牢记动词短语意义和用法。

29．It's not a good habit to _______what you can do today till tomorrow. A. take off B. put off C. get off 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：把今天能做的事推迟到明天去做不是一个好习惯。A脱掉，B推迟，C下车，根据 what you can do today till tomorrow ， 可知是推迟，故选B。 【点评】考查动词短语辨析，注意根据what you can do today till tomorrow的语境选择合适的用法。

30．Don't waste water the river and the lake.

A. put; into B. pour; in C. pour; into D. put; to 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：不要把废水倒到河里和湖里。pour……into把……倒入；put……into把……放在……里。故选C。

【点评】考查动词短语。