Nowadays English is an international language.English is made up of the grammar and vocabulary brought to Britain by people from different countries and cultures.
Old English consists of Celtic, and the languages of the Angles and the Saxons, which occupied Britain, and the Vikings.By the 10th century, Old English became the official language of England.
The Normans, who defeated England and took control of the country in 1066, made the most contributions to Middle English.Although French did not replace English as the first language, it led to the development of English.
Modern English appeared in the 16th century, which includes many Latin and Greek words.
English is changing all the time.There is no doubt this process will keep on. 如今，英语已成为一种国际性语言。由来自不同国家和文化的人们带到英国的语法和词汇，构成了英语。
古英语由凯尔特语、盎格鲁和撒克逊(统治过英国)语和维京人的语言构成的。到10世纪，古英语成为英格兰的官方语言。
诺曼人在1066年击败并控制了英格兰，促进了中古英语的发展。尽管法语未能取代英语成为第一语言，它却促进了英语的发展。
近代英语出现于16世纪，包含了许多拉丁和希腊词汇。 英语一直在变化着，毫无疑问这一过程将继续下去。
加餐练(一) 完形阅读组合练
Ⅰ.完形填空
A businessman was on a business trip to Tokyo. He was always very generous to
his __1__. After all his meetings, he went to a supermarket to __2__ chocolates and gifts for his workers back home.
As he entered the supermarket, a lady gave a warm smile and __3__ him. He was very touched, felt __4__， and was not able to forget the warmth in her smile. He was __5__ her as he was shopping; she was giving the same smile to all the __6__ who walked into the supermarket.
The businessman started __7__ if she was ever fed up with doing the same thing again and again, so he walked up to her and asked, “My dear lady, are you __8__ of doing this job, and how long have you been doing this？”
The lady __9__ and said, “No, sir. I have worked here for the last 10 years and I __10__ my job.” The businessman was __11__ and asked, “Why have you stayed here for 10 years, and why do you like your __12__？” The lady smiled again and said, “Sir, because I am __13__ my country.” The businessman found this __14__.He said, “You are serving your __15__ by smiling？”
The lady said, “Yes, sir. I smile and all the customers entering the supermarket feel happy and relaxed. As most of our customers are __16__， they spend foreign currency. Since there is foreign currency, our country has lots of money and becomes __17__.People like you who are happy with our service visit more often and spend more money in our country. That's __18__ I serve my country.”
Amazed at her attitude (态度), the businessman __19__ her and went back to his own country. He worked hard to show the __20__ attitude towards his workers, and today his company is one of the best companies in the world.
语篇解读：本文是夹叙夹议文。一位商人从一家超市的一位员工那里学到了“友好的服务态度”后决定以同样的方式对待自己的员工。
1．A.parents C．folks
B．workers D．friends
解析：选B 从下文的“...he went to a supermarket to __2__ chocolates and gifts for his workers back home.”可知这位商人对他的员工很大方，给员工买礼物。
2．A.receive C．sell
解析：选D 参见上题解析。 3．A.hugged C．welcomed
B．praised D．kissed B．produce D．buy
解析：选C 从前面的“...a lady gave a warm smile ...”可知这个售货员冲他热
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情地微笑，表示“欢迎(welcomed)”他的到来。
4．A.sad C．terrible
B．happy D．nervous
解析：选B 因为受到了欢迎所以感到“高兴(happy)”才合乎常理。 5．A.watching C．greeting
B．missing D．seeing
解析：选A 由于售货员的微笑欢迎让他感到高兴，让他难忘那种微笑，所以他一直“注视(watching)”这个售货员。
6．A.customers C．sellers
B．visitors D．children
解析：选A 根据“...she was giving the same smile ...”可知她对所有“顾客(customers)”都面带微笑。
7．A.guessing C．asking
B．imagining D．wondering
解析：选D 根据后文的“...if she was ever fed up with doing the same thing again and again ...”可知这位商人是“想知道(wondering)”这位女售货员是否对做相同的事情感到厌倦。
8．A.proud C．fond
B．tired D．afraid
解析：选B 由上文的“fed up with”可知，此处选tired更符合文意。 9．A.angered C．smiled
B．cried D．sighed
解析：选C 根据下文的“The lady smiled again ...”可知她是“笑(smiled)”着说。
10．A.like C．lose
B．hate D．find
解析：选A 由“No, sir.I have worked here for the last 10 years ...”可知她“喜欢(like)”这个工作。
11．A.scared C．worried
B．frightened D．surprised
解析：选D 此处表示听了售货员的回答有点“惊讶(surprised)”。 12．A.position C．career
解析：选B 参见10题解析。
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B．job D．role
13．A.restoring C．rescuing
B．representing D．serving
解析：选D 由本段最后一句“You are serving ...”可知，这个售货员认为自己在为国家“服务(serving)”。
14．A.interesting C．humorous
B．normal D．brief
解析：选A 此处表示他认为售货员的回答“有趣(interesting)”。 15．A.boss C．country
解析：选C 参见13题解析。 16．A.strangers C．newcomers
B．foreigners D．beggars B．family D．shop
解析：选B 从后面的“...they spend foreign currency.”可知到超市里来的人大都是“外宾(foreigners)”。
17．A.stronger C．larger
B．poorer D．richer
解析：选D 由本句的“...our country has lots of money ...”可知这个国家会变得“更富有(richer)”。
18．A.how C．when
B．why D．what
解析：选A 上文指出这位商人对售货员用微笑为国家服务的方式感到好奇，这位售货员就解释了为自己国家服务的方式。
19．A.paid C．punished
B．thanked D．awarded
解析：选B 这位商人对这个售货员的工作态度很赞赏，“感谢(thanked)”她的服务和回答，所以选B项。
20．A.public C．same
B．negative D．opposite
解析：选C 结合上文的“Amazed at her attitude ...”可知这位商人对那个售货员的工作态度很赞赏，所以回去后也以“相同的(same)”工作态度来对待自己的员工。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
Some people seem to have a knack for learning languages. They can pick up new vocabulary, master rules of grammar, and learn to write in a new language more quickly than others.They do not seem to be more intelligent than others, so what makes
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language learning so much easier for them? Perhaps if we take a close look at these successful language learners we may discover a few of the techniques which make language learning easier for them.
First of all, successful language learners are independent learners. They do not depend on the book or the teacher; they discover their own way to learn the language. Instead of waiting for the teacher to explain, they try to find the patterns and the rules for themselves. They are good
guessers who look for clues and form their own conclusions. When they guess wrong, they guess again. They try to learn from their mistakes.
Successful language learning is active learning. Therefore, successful learners do not wait for a chance to use the language and they ask these people to correct them when they make a mistake. They will try anything to communicate. They are not afraid to repeat what they hear or to say strange things；they are willing to make mistakes and try again. When communication is difficult, they can accept information that is inexact or incomplete. It is more important for them to learn to think in the language than to know the meaning of every word.
Finally, successful language learners are learners with a purpose. They want to learn the language because they are interested in the people who speak it. It is necessary for them to learn the language in order to communicate with these people and to learn from them. They find it easy to practice using the language regularly because they want to learn with it.
What kind of language learner are you? If you are a successful language learner, you have probably been learning independently, actively and purposefully. On the other hand, if your language learning has been less than successful, you might do well to try some of the techniques outlined above.
语篇解读：本文介绍了几种成功的英语学习方法。
1．What makes language learning easier for some people than for others according to this text?
A．Some people learn grammar more quickly than others. B．Successful language learners use special techniques. C．Some people have good teachers and good books.
D．Successful language learners are more intelligent than others.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“...so what makes language learning so
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much easier for them? ...we may discover a few of the techniques which make language learning easier for them.”以及第二、三、四段的内容可知答案。
2．How do successful language learners learn languages? A．They learn independently, actively and purposefully. B．They learn special techniques from their teachers.
C．They learn the rules and patterns of the language from books. D．They learn to think about the meaning of every new word.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据文章第二、三、四段的第一句话，尤其是最后一段中的“If you are a successful language learner, you have probably been learning independently, actively and purposefully.”可知答案。
3．Why do successful language learners find it easy to practice using the language regularly?
A．They find it easy to communicate. B．They look for inexact information. C．They want to teach the language to others.
D．They want to learn from people who speak the language.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“They want to learn the language because they are interested in the people who speak it.It is necessary for them to learn the language in order to communicate with these people and to learn from them.”可知答案。
4．Why did the author write this text? A．To teach people to speak English.
B．To explain why language learning is difficult.
C．To compare language learning with other types of learning. D．To encourage language learners to use these techniques.
解析：选D 写作意图题。根据文章最后一段的内容“...if your language learning has been less than successful, you might do well to try some of the techniques outlined above.”可知答案。
加餐练(二) 第Ⅱ卷规范增分练
Ⅰ.语法填空
There was once an Indian king who had a son.The king knew that one day his son would become king in his place, so he asked the best teachers in the country __1__ (tell) his son everything they know.
The boy __2__ (teach) a great deal about the past and future by the year he was
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18 years old.Being an adult, he could answer all the teachers' __3__ (question), so the king sent for the __4__ (wise) man in the country. “Give my son __5__ test，” he ordered.The man said.“The test is very easy, __6__ it will tell you a lot about your son.” The man took something out of __7__ (he) pocket and showed it to the king and the court officials, but not to the prince.Then he closed his hand and showed it to the young man.“Tell me what is __8__ my hand，” he said.
The prince touched the man's hand and thought __9__ (careful)．“It's hard and white，” the boy said.“It's round and has a hole in the middle.It must be a grindstone.”
Everyone laughed, because it __10__ (be) a pearl, not a grindstone. 答案：1.to tell 2.had been taught 3.questions 4.wisest 5．a 6.but 7.his 8.in 9.carefully 10.was Ⅱ.短文改错
There are many difference kinds of answers given to the “What makes you happy？” question.For American young people, family time is the mainly source of happiness, according a recent survey of 1,280 American young people.Most of them say a good relationship with their parent can make them happy.Andrew Smith, 17, San Francisco, thinks spending on time with his family makes them happy.Whenever he feels worried at school, his parents encourage him to go on but give him some advice at a same time.Knowing that he will always get support for his parents, he tries doing what he likes.He said, “My mum tells me that, even if I did something silly, she's still going to love me.”
答案：第一句：difference→different 第二句：mainly→main; according后加to 第三句：parent→parents 第四句：去掉on; them→him 第五句：but→and; a→the 第六句：for→from 第七句：did→do
Ⅲ.书面表达
你们学校最近做了一项调查，调查的主题是：学生是否可以在寒假期间打零工
结果 89%选择不去
原因 1.父母不允许 7
2.学习太忙，没时间 3.不知道自己能做什么工作 1.学以致用 11%选择去 2.积累社会经验 3.减轻父母的压力 请你就此用英文写一篇调查报告。 注意：1.词数100左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。 2．可适当增加内容，以使行文连贯。
Recently, our school has carried out a survey about whether students will do some parttime work during the winter holiday.The results are as follows.
________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 参考范文：
Recently, our school has carried out a survey about whether students will do some parttime work during the winter holiday.The results are as follows.
89% of the students said no.First, their parents won't allow them to do so; second, they are so busy with their studies during the holiday that they can't afford the time to do it; third, they are not sure what job they can do.11% of the students planned to work during the winter holiday.They think working is a good chance to put what they have learned into practice.Through work, they can gain lots of social experience.In addition, by doing a parttime job to earn some money, they can reduce their parents' pressure.
In my opinion, students can do some parttime work in their spare time, which is beneficial to their growth.
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