一、单项选择被动语态
1.107.The farmer said the PLA men came to rescue timely when they _____in the snowstorm. A.were trapping B.were being trapped C.are trapping D.are being trapped 【答案】B
【解析】考查过去进行时的被动语态。句意:这位农民说他们在暴风雪中被困时,战士及时赶来营救。根据题干中的said判断从句中需要与过去相关的时态;根据短语“be trapped in”排除A和C;句中表示“被暴风雪困住的时候”,故用过去进行时的被动语态,故选B。
点睛:对时态的选择,要在把握时态的基本用法的基础上,根据具体语境和题干中的时间推断时态,同时关注特殊的结构。
2.一When shall we start the restoration of the historic buildings? 一Not until our plan________ by the committee. A.will be approved C.is to approve 【答案】D 【解析】
这题考查时态语态,our plan和approve是被动关系,用被动,选择A或D。A项是一般将来时,not until引导的是时间状语从句,不能用将来时,可以用一般现在时或现在完成时,选D。
B.approves D.has been approved
3.The affairs of each country should be by its own people. A.elected B.settled C.developed D.contained 【答案】B
【解析】考查动词。句意为:各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决。由句意可知,选settle,意为“解决”。elect选举;develop 发展;contain 包含,控制。故选B。
4.—The manager has come back from his business trip. He is asking you for the report. — Oh,my god ! I haven’t finished it yet. But he ________ back at the company tomorrow. A.was expected C.expected 【答案】A 【解析】
试题分析:考查时态和语态。句意:——经理出差回来了。他正在问你要报告。——哦,天哪,我还没完成呢。但是本来预计他明天回公司。根据语境,是过去预料他明天会回来,而且经理是被预计,故用一般过去时的被动。故选A。
B.will expect D.will be expected
【名师点睛】时态的考查要根据本句的句意,这句话一定要根据上下文判断动作发生的时间,要细心体会语境。还要注意时态语态。 考点:考查时态和语态
5.At the awarding ceremony held in Tokyo, the scientists were surprised by what ______ in science and technology.
A.has discovered B.has been discovered C.had discovered D.had been discovered 【答案】D
【解析】句意:在东京举行的颁奖仪式上,科学家们惊讶于科学技术的发现。科学家们感到惊讶是过去式,故科学技术发现用过去完成时,what于动词discover是被动关系,故选D。
6.—Will Uncle Peterson come to my birthday party tomorrow? —Pity he ______ to Zimbabwe as a volunteer teacher. A.was sent B.has been sent C.had been sent D.would be sent 【答案】B
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:——Peterson叔叔明天会来参加我的生日聚会吗?——很可惜他已经被派到Zimbabwe去做志愿教师了。由语境可知,Uncle Peterson被派到Zimbabwe这是发生在过去的事情,这个动作对现在产生了影响,故该空应用现在完成时态。且主语he和send之间是被动关系,故该句要用被动语态。综上,B选项正确。
7.The new library ________; it will be open next year. A.had been built B.was built C.was being built D.is being built 【答案】D
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:图书馆正在建设中;明年开放。根据后面一句可推知,图书馆是正在建设中,所以要用进行时,图书馆是被建的,要用被动。所以本句要用现在进行时的被动语态。故选D。
8.Many artifacts ________ for the first time in the National Museum at present. A.were exhibited B.were being exhibited C.are being exhibited D.are exhibited 【答案】C
【解析】考查动词时态与语态。句意:许多史前古器物目前正在国家博物馆首次展出。根据时间状语“at present”可知,句子描述现在正在进行的动作,主语artifacts与谓语exhibit之间是被动关系,故用现在进行时的被动语态。故选C。
9.—It’s so humid these days!
—Don’t worry! The rain ________ to stop from tomorrow. A.will expect B.expects C.will be expected D.is expected 【答案】D
【解析】考查动词时态与语态。句意:——这些日子天气潮湿。——不要担心!这场雨预计明天就会停止。根据语境,“expect”表示现在发生的事情,用一般现在时,“停止”的动作发生在明天,且主语The rain与expect之间是被动关系。故选D。
10.—Are we about to have dinner? —Yes,it ________ in the dining room. A.serves B.is serving
C.is being served D.has been serving 【答案】C 【解析】
考查时态。因serve与it(dinner)是动宾关系,要用被动语态;由问句中的are about to(即将) have dinner和答语Yes可知,已“在”供应dinner了,故用现在进行时的被动语态。故选C。
11.— Did he decide to take part in the competition? — Yes, of course. He _____ to.
A.has been encouraging B.had been encouraged C.has been encouraged D.was to be encouraged 【答案】B
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:——他决定参加比赛吗?——是的,当然。他已经被鼓励参加比赛。根据he和动词encourage之间的逻辑关系分析,此处应该使用被动形式,故先排除A 项。再和第一句话的一般过去时态结合起来分析, 此处应该使用过去完成时态的被动语态。故选B。
12.Quantities of soil ________ in the area, resulting in the increasing number of natural disasters.
A.is washed away B.have washed away C.have washed away D.have been washed away 【答案】D
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:在这个地区大量的土壤被冲走了,结果导致自然灾害数量增加。句中soil和wash away是被动关系,此处指土壤已经被冲走并对现在造成影响,故要用现在完成时,要用现在完成时的被动语态,故选D。
13.The plan for Xiongan New Area ______ officially on April 1, 2017.
A.announced B.was announced C.announces D.is announced 【答案】B
【解析】考查时态与被动语态。句意:设立雄安新区的计划在2017年4月1日被官方宣布。计划是被官方宣布,故用被动语态;动作发生在过去,故用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。
14.—Have you heard about that school bus accident? —Yes, fortunately all on board including the driver ________. A.were saved C.have saved 【答案】A 【解析】
考查动词时态和语态。句意为:——你有没有听说那起校车事故?——嗯,幸运的是,车上所有的人包括司机都获救了。由题干中的Have you heard...可知,事故发生在过去,且all为主语,和save逻辑上构成被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态,故答案A符合语境。
B.was saved D.has been saved
15.When I got to his house, I found that the walls _____ . A.are being painted B.are painting C.were being painted D.were painting 【答案】C
【解析】考查过去进行时态的被动语态。句意:当我到达他家的时候,我发现墙正在被粉刷。根据句意可知用过去进行时态的被动语态,故选C。
16.His sister left home in 1998, and_________________ since. A.had not been heard of C.had not heard of 【答案】B 【解析】
试题分析:考查时态:句意:他的妹妹在1998年离家,至今杳无音讯”。 And前用过去式表示她1998年离家这一事实,而and后用has not been heard of表示从1998到现在这一段时间的状态。现在完成时表示过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果,而且his sister和hear of是被动关系,选B。 考点:考查时态
B.has not been heard of D.has not heard of
17.Chinese kites in ancient times ________ in the shape of birds. A.design B.had designed
C.were designed D.have been designed 【答案】C
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:在古代中国的风筝被设计成鸟的形状。根据in ancient
times可知,句子用一般过去时态,根据动词与主语是被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态,故选C。
18.––Are the repairs finished yet? ––Yes, they ______ when I came back home. A.would be completed B.would complete C.had completed D.had been completed 【答案】D
【解析】考查被动语态。上句:修理被完成了吗?下句:是的,当我回到家的时候它们已经被完成。根据句意可知句子用过去完成时态的被动语态,故选D。
19.—Have you heard of yesterday's gas explosion?
—Yes. Only two of the 35 miners at the scene ________ to have made it out safely. A.have thought B.are thought C.had thought D.were thought 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
考查时态语态。句意:——你听说昨天的瓦斯爆炸了吗?——是的,在现场的35名矿工中,只有两名被认为安全获救。此处指现在只有2个人被认为安全获救,用一般现在时的被动语态,故选B.
20.The house, which _____ last night, ____ my aunt but she doesn’t live there any more. A.was broken into; is belonged to B.broke into; is belonged to C.broke into; belonging to D.was broken into; belongs to 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】
考查被动语态和主动语态。句意:这所房子昨晚被拆了,它属于我的姑妈,但她已经不在那里住了。第一空,根据last night 及句意可知句子用一般过去时态的被动语态,break into“破门而入”,答案为was broken into;第二空,belong to“属于”,无进行和被动语态,结合句意可知句子用一般现在时态,答案为belongs to。故选D。
21.The film “Schindler’s List”, was ________ by a real person, named Oskar Schindler A.inspired B.prompted C.rised D.insured 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
考查过去分词。A. inspired鼓舞;B. prompted引起,提示;C. rised上升;D. insured确保。句意:电影《辛德勒的名单》的灵感来自一个真实的人,名叫奥斯卡·辛德勒。结合句意可知此处用被动语态,故答案为A。
22.A new function of China’s official train ticket booking website ______to boost buyers’ chances of obtaining a ticket during the upcoming Spring Festival travel rush. A.will be expected B.expects C.has been expected D.is expected 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】
考查时态。句意:中国火车票预订官网的一项新功能有望在即将到来的春运期间增加购票机会。be expected to do表示“有望……”,常用于一般现在时,故D项正确。
23.— Can we play basketball in the school gym? — No, it ______ during the summer holidays. A.is repaired B.is being repaired C.was repaired D.has been repaired 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
考查时态语态。句意:--我们可以在学校操场上打篮球吗?--不行,暑假期间操场正在被修葺。根据句意可知,这里是表示正在进行,所以要用现在进行时。主语it和动词之间是被动关系,所以要用被动语态。故选B。
24.You’d better communicate with each other sincerely, and I hope to see your conflict ________ tomorrow. A.was to be solved C.will have been solved 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】
考查时态和语态。句意:你们彼此之间最好真诚地沟通,我希望明天你们的冲突能得到解决。由时间状语tomorrow可知,此处应用将来时,conflict和solve之间为被动关系。因此C项的将来完成时符合语境,表示在将来某一时间以前(明天结束之前)已经完成的动作。故选C项。
B.has been solved D.had been solved
25.As is expected, it will be not long before our domestically built aircraft Carriers _____ into operation. A.will be put
B.are put
C.will have been put 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
D.have been put
考查动词时态语态。句意: 按照预计,在不久的将来,我们国内制造的航母就会投入使用。时间状语从句中使用主将从现,如果主句是一般将来时,从句用一般现在时替代一般将来时。before是从句要用一般现在时。投入和主语是被动关系。故选B。
26.The letters for the boss___________ on his desk but he didn’t read them until 3 days later. A.were put 【答案】A 【解析】 【分析】
B.was put
C.put
D.has put
【详解】
考查被动语态。句意:给老板的那些信放在他的办公桌上,但是直到三天以后他才读了那些信。letter“信件”和put“放”之间是被动的关系,所以排除C和D,然后因为letters是复数,谓语动词用were put, 故选A。
27.—The hurricane ____ to reach the coast tomorrow morning. —If so, we’d better make full preparations for it. A.will be predicted 【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】
考查动词的时态及语态。句意:——预测飓风明天早上会到达海岸。——如果是这样的话,我们最好做好充分的准备。A. will be predicted将被预测;B. is predicting正在被预测;C. has predicted已经预测;D. is predicted被预测。分析句子可知,空格处的主语是the hurricane与动词predict二者是被动关系,要用被动语态。B和C是主动语态,故不正确。根据第二句话可知,飓风明天早上才到,现在还没到,即飓风到达海岸是现在做出的预测,所以要用一般现在时,故选D。
B.is predicting
C.has predicted
D.is predicted
28.As we know, it will still be some years before all the metro lines in Suzhou _____ into operation. A.will be put 【答案】B
B.are put
C.will have been put D.are being put
【解析】 【详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意:据我们所知,距离苏州所有的地铁线路投入使用还有好几年。all the metro lines与put...into operation是被动关系,应使用被动语态;在时间状语从句中,主句是一般将来时,遵循“主将从现”的原则,所以从句用一般现在时。故选B。
29.Beijing's new international airport ________ into use in September, 2019, according to the spokesperson. A.was put C.has put 【答案】D 【解析】
试题分析:考查时态和语态。句意:按照发言人所说,北京的新国际机场将在2019年投入使用。根据句意可知,用一般将来时态的被动语态。故选D。 考点:考查时态和语态
B.will put D.will be put
30.Please wear your best clothes on Monday, as your class photos ______ then. A.will take B.will be taken C.have taken D.have been taken 【答案】B
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:请在星期一穿上你最好的衣服,因为那时你们班将拍照。根据语境可知,动作发生在将来,并且是被动,故用一般将来时态的被动语态。故选B。
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