体裁
A. roughly B. consulting C. adding D. qualifications E. setbacks F. particularly G. belonging H. postponing I. perspective J. respondents K. record
Shen Yu recently resigned from the kindergarten where she worked for two months, waving goodbye to her first job after graduating from university last year and knowing she would suffer (1) looking for a job again.“The 3,000 yuan ($471) monthly salary didn’t pay me back for my years of study, and I didn’t get a sense of (2) from the job,” said the 23-year-old Shanghai native, who has a bachelor’s degree in financial management. Shen is among the (3) 8 percent—or 600,000—of last year’s college graduates who have failed to find a job. Apart from some who opted to study abroad, the rest were (4) a job, according to the 2015 annual report on Chinese college graduates’ employment released by MyCOS, an education data and (5) company. The data was collected in the second half of last year.“Seen from the (6) of the current job-hunting season, the proportion of those who decided to delay the working world may be a little higher,” said Zhou Haiwang, deputy director of the Institute of Urban and Population Development Studies at the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, (7) that the number of this group has been increasing in recent years. According to an online poll conducted by Jiefang Daily, more than 70 percent of (8) have relatives or friends who put off work after graduation, taking time to look for ideal jobs or mulling entrepreneurial plans. A total of 1,000 Shanghai residents participated in the poll .Unemployed young people nowadays have higher education (9) and longer periods of unemployment, according to Ying Hongqing, deputy director of the Shanghai Municipal Human Resources and Social Security Bureau. The number of college graduates has continued to climb for the past 15 years, and reached a (10) 7.49 million this year. This year’s job-hunting season saw 220,000 more graduates than the previous year, but slowing economic growth means diminished recruitment by companies.
说明文 词数 318 限时 13分钟
体裁 说明文 词数 262 限时 10分钟
A well-established distinction in memory theory..
A. comfortable B. attempt C. involves D. negotiate E. impulses
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F. differently G. test H. ceases I. experiences J. apparently K. normal
A well-established distinction in memory theory is that between short-term and long-term memory. The former refers to our ability to do such things as remember telephone numbers long enough to dial them; the latter concerns the wide range of ways in which (1) can affect behavior many years later. Given the two different kinds of ability, it is reasonable to hypothesize (猜测) that each is represented (2) in the brain. An experiment was designed to (3) the hypothesis that long-term memory implies a chemical change in the brain cells while short-term memory (4) patterns of impulses in circuits of nerve cells.One group of rats was taught to run through a maze (迷宫). Five minutes after learning the task, they were cooled to 50℃, the temperature at which all electrical activity in the brain (5) They were then kept at this temperature for 15 minutes before being allowed to return to their (6) temperature. They were then run through the maze again. A second group of rats were taught to run the same maze, and then immediately cooled to 50℃ for 15 minutes. After being allowed to return to their normal temperature, a/an (7) was made to run the second group through the maze again. It was found that rats in the first group had no difficulty with the maze the second time, suggesting that they did not have to relearn the task. Rats in the group which was cooled immediately after learning the maze, on the other hand, could not (8) the maze successfully, i.e., they (9) could not remember what they had learned. It was concluded from this experiment that short-term memory is unlike long-term memory. Short-term memory involves electrical (10) since at a temperature where electrical activity ceases, there is no memory. Long-term memory, in contrast, is unaffected by the disruption of electrical activity and may involve structural changes in brain cells.
体裁 说明文 词数 226 限时 10分钟
Bottled water seems like a harmless and convenient..
A. boiled B. particular C. influence D. potentially E. process F. flexible G. convinced H. stored I. amounts J. available K. dangerously
Bottled water seems like a harmless and convenient product of today’s world. However, the truth is that the results of bottling water aren’t all good. Bottled water advertisements have people (1) that bottled water is healthier than tap water. However, in most cases, it isn’t. Bottled water is (2) for long periods of time at warm temperatures. As bottles age, the chemical used to make plastic (3) gets into the water. Microorganisms can also grow in this
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environment at high rates. Health officials are particularly concerned about how these effects (4) children, the elderly, and other weak individuals. In fact, they say that infants in (5) should never be given bottled water unless it is (6) first. Furthermore, some bottled water companies actually use the same tap water or well water that is (7) to the general public. A few companies have been found using water sources (8) close to poisonous sites. Environmentalists have even more concerns. Millions of barrels of oil are used in the production, transportation, and storage of bottled water. This places a strain on limited natural resources and creates vast (9) of greenhouse gases. Additionally, a single plastic bottle can take over 1,000 years to break down. Before you buy your next bottle of water, remember that the (10) that produces it is often expensive, unhealthy, and bad for the environment. Then, ask yourself if that’s something you really want to buy.
体裁 说明文 词数 262 限时 9分钟
Chinese online video websites used to operate..
A. truly B. tolerates C. net D. airs E. original F. appeal G. owe H. assumed I. quickly J. attracted K. popularity
Chinese online video websites used to operate as supplementary broadcast platforms for TV stations. But now (1) programs independently produced by some major video sites have achieved unparalleled success. Domestic superhero parody film Jian Bing Man has just become the sixth Chinese film in history to (2) more than 1 billion yuan at the box office. This is largely due to the success of online mini-series Diors Man, which (3) on Sohu and was created by Dong Chengpeng, who directs and is the leading actor in both the series and film. Since the show went online in 2012, Dong’s funny satirical style has quickly (4) a large group of followers to the show. The film gives diehard fans a chance to show their support for Dong. As an Internet catchphrase goes, “We (5) Dong a film ticket.” Besides taste-tailored storytelling, online platforms have another (6) They’re inclusive. Talk shows, debate programs, reality TV—any format that sells can be put online. “The Internet is a more open platform. It doesn’t draw conclusions, nor does it try to educate. It (7) different voices,” Jiang Bin, general manager of iQiyi’s program development center, told China Daily about the (8) of self-made programs such as the website’s talk show Morning Call. The year 2014 was called “the first year of the era of online shows.” But back then many (9) online shows only starred new faces and looked about as cheap as their budgets. But now all these preconceptions are being shattered. 2015 is (10) giving Web series a shiny new coat of paint.
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体裁 说明文 词数 406 限时 12分钟
The Case of the Bone Marrow Buyer..
A. painful B. seemingly C. regenerates D. position E. praying F. disorder G. immediate H. procedure I. typically J. prohibited K. challenge
The Case of the Bone Marrow Buyer
All Doreen Gummoe could do was hope. Her daughter Jordan Flynn had been born with Fanconi anemia, a rare inherited blood (1) that destroys bone marrow and makes sufferers highly susceptible to cancer. In spring 2012, when Jordan was 14, doctors found preleukemia cells in her blood. Without a(n) (2) bone marrow transplant, she would likely die within months.(3) , siblings are the most viable donors, but Jordan’s brothers weren’t matches. In 2005, Gummoe had given birth to twin girls, Julia and Jorja, who also have Fanconi anemia. Someday, they will likely each need transplants as well. Gummoe, who lives in Lewiston, Maine, turned to the National Marrow Donor Program’s registry, (4) to find a willing donor for Jordan in the 2 percent of people who are registered. Sometimes a donor isn’t willing to undergo the (5) even if he or she is a match. Years ago, transplants required a (6) biopsy in the pelvic bone. Today, the method, apheresis, involves connecting donors to a machine that draws blood, harvests stem cells, and returns the blood, which naturally (7) the stem cells that have been removed.“If there were compensation (补偿) for bone marrow donors, that might put more people in the registry,” says Gummoe. “There’d be a better chance of finding a donor.” However, according to 1984’s National Organ Transplant Act (NOTA), buying and selling organs, including bone marrow, is illegal. So in 2009—two and a half years before Jordan would need her transplant—Gummoe became the lead plaintiff in a lawsuit filed against the U.S. attorney general to (8) the law.“It’s legal for people to pay for blood, sperm, and eggs,” argues Jeff Rowes, attorney for Institute for Justice, the nonprofit, public-interest law firm that filed the suit. “Plus, it’s crazy to lump in bone marrow with solid organs, like kidneys, that a donor can’t grow back.”The government responded that “statute (法律) plainly classifies ‘bone marrow’ as an organ for which compensation is (9) .” Furthermore, by enacting NOTA into law, Congress took the (10) that “human body parts should not be viewed as commodities.”
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体裁 说明文 词数 315 限时 9分钟
Would you believe that drinking water is one of the most healing things…
A. necessarily B. claims C. functioning D. measures E. average F. consumption G. bothering H. obviously I . addition J. questionable K. raise
Would you believe that drinking water is one of the most healing things you can do for your body? It’s true as long as it is pure, alkaline（碱性的）water. Yet most water is acidic. Water that (1) less than 7 on the PH scale is acidic. Water that is higher than 7 is alkaline. To support life, water needs to be on the alkaline side of the range, much like our bodies. Drinking pure, alkaline water is important to great health. I believe that most of the disease (2) people in the Western world couldn’t occur in a PH-balanced body. Most tap water is highly acidic due to the (3) of various chemicals. Don’t assume that bottled water is (4) a better choice than tap water. Most bottled water is of (5) quality and largely made up of tap water plus the off-gassing of chemicals from the plastic in which it is stored. Most bottled water is extremely acidic, making it harmful to your health and the health of the planet, too. Water filtration（过滤） is a necessary part of our modern life. There are many water filtration systems that get rid of some of the harmful chemicals, but few systems that also (6) the PH of water to increase its healing powers. Every company (7) that its systems are the best. I’ve spent some time trying to find affordable water filtration systems. Every cell in your body depends on enough water to ensure proper (8) It’s important to drink between 12 and 20 cups of alkaline water each day. Every person has individual needs but if you are smaller than (9) and in excellent health, your water needs will obviously be lower than someone who is fat and in poor health. As your health problems improve and you lose any extra weight, you can reduce your water (10) to 12 cups each day.
体裁 说明文 词数 224 限时 9分钟
Among the note-taking forms in today’s US schools..
A. complicated B. suitable C. understand D. regularly E. instant F. access G. divide H. normally I. obtain J. symbols K. refer
Among the note-taking forms in today’s US schools, the Cornell method is widely recommended. Providing a form for concentrating and organizing notes, the Cornell method sets up a system to direct students to (1) the paper into two columns. The note-taking column, which is 第5页
usually on the right, is twice the size of the key word column on the left. The student should leave five to seven lines blank, at the bottom of the page. Notes from a lecture or teaching occupy the note-taking column which (2) contain the main ideas of the textbook or lecture. Most (3) ideas and long sentences are avoided while (4) or abbreviations（缩写） are preferred instead. To assist with future reviews, (5) thoughts or questions should be noted down as soon as possible so that the students may (6) to these points for reflection or further research. The key-word column is a(n) (7) place to note down these ideas. These ideas may later turn into potential research results as students are always encouraged to reflect on the notes (8) or go deep into the questions further. Within 24 hours after the note-taking, the student must revise and then produce a short summary in the bottom space. Such move helps him to (9) the topic better. When preparing for a test, the student has (10) to a brief but detailed record of the previous classes.
体裁 说明文 词数 327 限时 12分钟
A. basic B. applicants C. extraordinary D. distinguish E. private F. contribute G. expose H. shifted I. challenges J. specialty K. favored
Many of us grow up dreaming of becoming an astronaut. Ever wonder what it takes to be one? Take NASA for example.
In order to catch NASA’s eye, would-be astronauts must not only stand out in required skills and pass physical and psychological exams, but also find unique ways to (1) themselves from the harsh competition. NASA’s requirements for becoming an astronaut have changed over the years. Originally, it (2) candidates with a military flight background, with at least 1,000 hours spent in command of a jet aircraft. In 1978, however, NASA (3) its focus to a more varied group of astronauts: scientists and engineers with at least three years of experience in their respective fields. During the years of shuttle missions, everyone had a (4) some would focus on robotics, others on spacewalks or maintenance. To work on the space station, astronauts must be able to perform all tasks, which encourage (5) to acquire different experiences. Jeanette Epps, an astronaut, studied aerospace engineering, worked at Ford Motor Company and took a job with the CIA before joining NASA. She says astronauts’ varied backgrounds (6) to their ability to adapt and learn anything quickly. After ensuring that candidates are U.S. citizens and that they satisfy (7) education and experience requirements, the selection committee enters a gray area. “We’re not really looking for one thing, just a good mix of things,” said Duane Ross, the manager for astronaut candidate selection and training. To the committee, candidates who take on (8) outside of the workplace 第6页
demonstrate curiosity and energy. Many astronauts who don’t have a military background do hold a(n) (9) piloting license. Some are enthusiastic mountain climbers, scuba divers or skiers. Others are musicians, dancers, or play competitive sports. Choosing to (10) themselves to different, extreme environments counts as another way to stand out from the crowd.
体裁 说明文 词数 299 限时 12分钟
A. reassures B. well C. distinguish D. encounter E. objects F. inoffensive G. reveals H. afterwards I. implication J. genuine K. unpleasant
Telling Tales
“Here’s a nice bit of gossip!” Do I have your attention? Probably. We listen, but (1) we often feel terrible with ourselves. That’s the problem with gossip: it’s something that as a social species we are primed to enjoy, but it can also be (2) and harmful. Not all gossip is bad. Small talk establishes relationships and (3) the other person that our intentions are friendly. So gossip, in the sense of exchanging bits and pieces of news about ourselves and others, can be perfectly (4) If I say to you, “Let’s meet for coffee and have a bit of a gossip,” I’m inviting you to a social (5) in which two people chew the fat. There is nothing wrong with that: life would be very dull if we were unable to talk about what goes on around us. But it’s not that simple. If we say that somebody is a gossip, we do not mean that he or she enjoys gentle social chat: it carries a crueler (6) A true gossip enjoys spreading stories about other people --- stories in which others do not usually come out (7) The gossip is one who spreads bad gossip; good gossip is still fine, but it’s not what gossips spread. The distinction between good and bad gossip is not always clear. It would be easy if we could (8) the two by saying that bad gossip is just about people; but innocent gossip may be about people too. The best way to tell the difference is to look at the intention behind the remarks. Bad gossip (9) itself in its desire to make the (10) of the story look foolish. It also intrudes on their privacy. So we all know the difference. Now then, did you hear about ...
体裁 说明文 词数 352 限时 12.5分钟
A. calming B. regular C. doable D. electronics E. fuel F. hook G. incredibly H. maintain I. mindlessly J. treat K. weapons
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Here are four simple, healthy and, dare we say, fun ways to help you slim down and stay healthy. Have your cake …for breakfast Aside from being depressing, the way to (1) weight loss isn’t by feeling deprived. Scientists say that people who started off the day with a (2) felt fuller and more satisfied, and that led to their sticking with the program as the day went on. Being hungry is no way to start your day, so (3) up with protein and a mouthful of something sweet. And most of all, enjoy! Sleep your way to weight loss Dr. Andrew Calvin, one expert of Mayo Clinic study, is quoted as saying, “If individuals are seeking to maintain a healthy weight or to lose weight, they should seek to get enough sleep on a (4) basis.”If you find it tricky to wind down at night, turn off the (5) and engage in relaxing activities, like taking a bath or listening to (6) music. Journal to drop pounds The best (7) for a dieter? Pen and paper! Women who wrote down everything they ate lost more weight than those who didn’t track their food intake. Journaling makes you accountable and more aware of what you’re eating, so it makes sense that it’ll keep you from (8) chewing if you aren’t actually hungry.Even a tiny bit of exercise helps your health Even 20 to 30 minutes of physical activity most days of the weeks (broken up into smaller chunks is fine) reduces your risk for all sorts of physical ills. And even 20 minutes a week can improve your mood. That really stuck with me. It’s easy to criticize ourselves or burn out if we make goals that are (9) hard to achieve, but walking a few times a week is (10) – and meaningful, too.
体裁 说明文 词数 334 限时 9分钟
A. dip B. common C. desired D. addition E. embarrassing F. carefully G. muddy H. fed I. access J. raising K. benefit
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. Ducks offer certain advantages over hens. Ducks are immune to some (1) diseases found in hens. Some breeds of duck produce bigger eggs than hens. In (2) ducks lay eggs over a longer season than hens do. Poultry (禽类) keepers with gardens have less to worry about if they keep ducks rather than hens because the former are unlikely to dig up plants and destroy roots. While both hens and ducks (3) the garden by eating pests, hens are known to damage grass beds. Ducks, on the other hand, will search for insects more (4) Only very delicate plants are at risk from the broad, webbed feet of ducks .Like all water birds, ducks need (5) to water, and duck keepers typically provide this by building a pond. Something this large is not absolutely necessary,
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however, ducks need only to be able to (6) their heads in the water to keep their nose clean. If a pond is provided, though, it is important to keep baby ducks away from it until they are old enough to put up with the cool temperature of the water. When (7) ducks, one has to consider just how many the land will support. The rule is generally about 100 ducks per acre. If more than this proportion is introduced, there is a risk of pressing the soil, which can lead to (8) conditions for long periods as the rain is not easily absorbed into the ground. While ducks offer many advantages over hens, they must be given a greater quantity of food, especially if regular eggs are (9) An adult duck will eat between 170 to 200 grams of food a day. If the ducks live near grass and a pond, they will be able to find for themselves approximately 70% of their daily dietary requirements in warmer months but less than half that in colder times. Therefore, it is important that they be (10) on enough food, such as grain, every day.
体裁 说明文 词数 3 限时 11分钟
A. relationship B. principal C. issuing D. rested E. accustomed F. composed G. matching H. arrangement I. principle J. accompanied K. importance
The silent film era lasted from 15 to 1936. Though we are (1) to speaking of the films made before 1927 as “silent,” the film has never been, in the full sense of the word, silent. From the very beginning, music was regarded as a necessary accompaniment (伴奏). When the Lumiere films were shown at the first public film exhibition in the United States in February 16, they were (2) by piano on popular tunes. At first, the music played bore no special (3) to the films; an accompaniment of any kind was sufficient. Within a very short time, however, the disharmony of playing lively music to a serious film became apparent, and film pianists began to take some care in (4) their pieces to the mood of the film.As movie theaters grew in number and (5) a violinist would be added to the pianist in certain cases, and in the larger movie theaters small orchestras (管弦乐队) were formed. For a number of years the selection of music for each film program (6) entirely in the hands of the conductor or leader of the orchestra, and very often the (7) qualification for holding such a position was not skill or taste so much as the ownership of a large personal library of musical pieces. Since the conductor seldom saw the films until the night before they were to be shown (if indeed, the conductor was lucky enough to see them then), the musical (8) was normally improvised (临时准备) in the greatest hurry. To help overcome this difficulty, film distributing companies started the practice of publishing su gestions for musical accompaniments. In 1909, for example, the Edison Company began (9) their films with such indications of mood as “pleasant,” “sad” and “lively.” The suggestions became clearer, and so appeared the musical sheet
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containing indications of mood, the titles of suitable pieces of music, and precise directions to show where one piece led into the next. Certain films had music especially (10) for them. The most famous of these early special scores (乐谱) was that composed and arranged for D.W. Griffith’s film Birth of a Nation which was shown in 1915.
体裁 说明文 词数 321 限时 9分钟
A. efficiently B. still C. equally D. balance E. drag F. angle G. make H. physically I. approach J. position K. allow
We need more men in our hospital, not as doctors, but as nurses. Over the last few years, I have found that having male nurses is a real bonus, and they definitely have a place in our hospital. There are several reasons for wanting male nurses here, not only because half the population in our country is male. Men (1) excellent carers and are (2) good at taking care of others. In fact, many men take good care of their children, wives, parents, sisters, brothers, and even their nieces and nephews. Another reason that men can become great nurses is that in general, men are (3) stronger than women. Male nurses can help (4) heavy objects, or if, for example, a patient cannot move from the waist down, male nurses can help move the patient into a comfortable (5) Also, male nurses can be a great help in keeping patients (6) while they receive painful treatment, such as when bandages covering wounds are changed. Another advantage to having male nurses is that they see things from a different (7) from women and bring a male way of thinking to problem-solving. This allows the hospital to work more effectively than if we only (8) problems one way. Having a mix of male and female nurses also helps create a fun atmosphere, which helps patients recover faster. Currently, only 7 percent of our nursing staff are men; this number is far too low, and the problem requires correction. Having more male nurses will help create a positive (9) between male and female staff, and it will (10) patients the choice of a male or female carer. I am determined to take on more male nurses here at Central Hospital. I will be organizing an open day soon to allow interested young men to visit our hospital and find out more about nursing. Hopefully, we will have more male nurses in our hospital soon!
体裁 说明文 词数 332 限时 10分钟
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A. alarming B. normal C. roughly D. expand E. restored F. contributing G. damaged H. exactly I. sweep J. doubt K. recovery
Sea ice off Antarctica and in the Arctic is at record lows for this time of year after declining by twice the size of Alaska in a sign of rising global temperatures, climate scientists say. Against a trend of global warming and a steady retreat of ice at earth’s northern tip, ice floating on the Southern Ocean off Antarctica has tended to (1) in recent years. But now it is shrinking at both ends of the planet, a development (2) scientists and to which a build-up of man-made greenhouse gases, an El Nino weather event that this year unlocked heat from the Pacific Ocean, and freak natural swings, may all be (3) “There are some really crazy things going on,” said Mark Serreze, director of the U.S. National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) in Boulder, Colorado, saying temperatures in parts of the Arctic were 20 degrees Celsius (36°F) above (4) some days in November. Worldwide, this year is on track to be the warmest on record. Combined, the extent of polar sea ice on Dec. 4 was about 3.84 million square kilometers (1.48 million square miles) below the 1981-2010 average, according to NSIDC satellite measurements. That is (5) the size of India, or two Alaskas. Antarctica’s expanding sea ice in many recent years has been a big theme for those who (6) global warming is man-made. John Turner of the British Antarctic Survey said chilly westerly winds that (7) around the continent, perhaps insulating it from the effects of global warming, were the weakest for November in two decades. That may have let more heat seep (热渗透) south, he said .A (8) of the high-altitude ozone layer over Antarctica, which led to cooler air over the continent when it was (9) by now-banned industrial chemicals, may also be a factor. But Turner said it was hard to pinpoint (10) what was happening. “When we began getting satellite data from 1979 the sea ice started to decrease. Everyone said it was global warming ... but then it started to increase again,” he said.
体裁 说明文 词数 293 限时 8.5分钟
A. double B. intense C. Pressures D. Stock E. Agriculture F. Trapped G. Withdrawal H. Availability I. drive J. Expanding K. rising
Throughout history, people have fought bitter wars over political ideology, national sovereignty and religious expression. How much more (1) will these conflicts be when people fight over the Earth’s most indispensable resource—water? We may find out in the not-too-distant future if projections about the (2) of water in the Middle East and other regions prove correct. Less than three percent of the planet’s (3) is fresh water, and almost two-第11页
thirds of this amount is (4) in ice caps, glaciers, and underground aquifers (含水层) too deep or too remote to access. In her book, Pillars of Sand—Can the Irrigation Miracle Last?, Sandra Postel outlines three forces that (5) tension and conflict over freshwater: Using up the water “resource pie.” In India, the world’s second-most populous nation, with over 1 billion inhabitants, the rate of groundwater (6) is twice that of recharge, a deficit higher than in any other country. Although water is a renewable resource, it is not a(n) (7) one. The freshwater available today for more than 6 billion people is no greater than it was 2,000 years ago, when global population was approximately 200 million. (The current U.S. population is 287 million.)Global (8) accounts for about 70% of all freshwater use. In five of the world’s most water-stressed, controversial areas—the Aral Sea region, the Ganges, the Jordan, the Nileland and Tigris-Euphrates—population increases of up to 75% are projected by 2025. With the fastest rate of growth in the world, the population of Palestinian territory will more than (9) over the next generation. Most experts agree that, because of geography, population (10) and politics, water wars are most likely to break out in the Middle East, a region where the amount of available freshwater per capita will decrease by about 50% over the next generation.
体裁 说明文 词数 215 限时 10分钟
A. countless B. exhausted C. comparison D. essential E. estimates F. distinctive G. relatively H. cleared I. unfortunately J. recycled K. restricts
Rain forests, found in Earth’s temperate and tropical (热带的) zones, are some of the most biologically varied ecosystems on the planet. All rain forests share certain (1) features, including a closed canopy, the dense vegetation of the top branches that forms a roof above the forest floor, a damp and warm climate, and (2) constant temperatures throughout the year. Most of the forest’s insect and animal life grows well in the canopy’s leafy and sunlit environment. The forest’s groundcover, by comparison, is small. Less than 2 percent of the sun’s light makes its way through the canopy and the darkness below. This darkness, along with the poor quality of the soils, (3) plant growth. Rain forests are a(n) (4) part of Earth’s total ecology. Huge amounts of water are absorbed into tree roots and (5) into the atmosphere from the tree leaves through a process called transpiration (蒸发). Tree roots also fix the soil in place and slow the runoff of rains into rivers and oceans. Through the process of photosynthesis (光合作用), rain forests absorb more carbon dioxide and give off more oxygen than any other ecosystem. The rain forests are (6) shrinking at a rapid rate as a result of the profitable ventures of farming, logging, and mining. When tropical rain forests are (7) in order to raise cattle and crops, the nutrient-poor soils are quickly (8) When 第12页
farmers move on to new areas, heavy rains and baking sun leave the land fruitless and lifeless. Logging and mining cause similar damage to the land and destroy the territory of (9) millions of birds, insects and animals. By some (10) an area of tropical rain forest the size of the state of Delaware disappears in this way every month.
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体裁 说明文 词数 373 限时 12分钟
A. investments B. enough C. unconditional D. degree E. loyalty F. back G. relevant H. doubly I. commitment J. promoted K. demonstrate
Although many companies offer tuition repayment, most companies only repay employees for classes that are (1) to their position. This is a very limiting policy. A company that repays employees for all college credit courses—whether job related or not—offers a service not only to the employees, but to the entire company. One good reason for giving employees (2) tuition repayment is that it shows the company’s commitment to its employees. In today’s economy, where job security is a thing of the past and employees feel more and more expendable, it is important for a company to (3) to its employees that it cares. The best way to do this is with concrete (4) in them. In turn, this commitment to the betterment of company employees will create greater employee (5) A company that puts out funds to pay for the education of its employees will get its money (6) by having employees stay with the company longer. It will reduce employee turnover, because even employees who don’t take advantage of the tuition repayment program will be more loyal to their company just knowing that their company cares (7) to pay for their education. Most importantly, the company that has an unrestricted tuition repayment program will have higher quality employees. Although these companies do indeed run the risk of losing money on employees who go on to another job in a different company as soon as they get their (8) more often than not, the employee will stay with the company. And even if employees do leave after graduation, it generally takes several years to complete any degree program. Thus, even if the employee leaves upon graduating, throughout those years, the employer will have a more sophisticated, more intelligent, and therefore more valuable and productive employee. And, if the employee stays, that education will (9) benefit the company: Not only is the employee more educated, but now that employee can be (10) so the company doesn’t have to fill a high-level vacancy from the outside. Open positions can be filled by people who already know the company well. Though unconditional tuition repayment requires a significant investment on the employer’s part, it is perhaps one of the wisest investments a company can make.
体裁 说明文 词数 265 限时 9分钟
People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty..
A. focus B. considerate C. expressive D. communication E. significantly
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F. neglect G. published H. reliably I. recognition J. emotion K. reflection
People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions—and a new report (1) online in Current Biology explains why. Rachael Jack, a University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly (均匀地) across a face as Westerners do, Easterners (2) their attention on the eyes.“We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions,” Jack said. “Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and (3) the mouth.”According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human (4) of emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to (5) convey emotion in a cross-cultural situation. The researchers studied cultural differences in the (6) of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western people and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of (7) faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral (中立的). They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies. It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made (8) more errors than Westerners did. “The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a(n) (9) of cultural difference in facial expressions,” Jack said. “Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey (10) , Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less.”
体裁 说明文 词数 322 限时 10分钟
A. promoted B. effort C. tested D. profitable E. follow F. inject G. achievable H. fuels I. identical J. imposed K. spirit
Would you like to make your green tea even greener? Or your espresso more eco-friendly? Starting Thursday, Starbucks is hoping to (1) a bit of environmentalism into each one of its brewed drinks by offering it in a reusable mug, costing just $1. The new cups change very little, except for the material: they are nearly (2) to the Seattle-based coffee company’s iconic white paper cup. Of course, the paper cups are still available for no charge, but the company is hoping that it will increase customers’ habits in bringing reusable cups, an initiative they’ve (3) since 1985 which currently nets customers a ten-cent discount on their order. The new cups will also (4) this same policy, which means it’ll pay for itself in ten uses. Nothing (5) a coffee addiction like a bit of environmental do-goodism. The program was first (6)
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in Starbucks’ hometown of Seattle and throughout the already environmentally-friendly Pacific Northwest. It’s the same (7) that has encouraged shoppers to bring their own bags with them in San Francisco and Portland, both of which have (8) bans on plastic bags, requiring customers to bring their own or purchase reusable cloth bags. Seeing success, the reusable cups are now being rolled out to all of the U.S. and Canada. It’s all part of a long-term (9) by the chain to reduce environmental waste by cutting down on the number of paper cups finding their way to landfills. Starbucks announced long ago that it wanted to serve at least 25 percent of drinks in reusable cups by the year of 2015. The company has lowered their expectations with this newest initiative, revising the hoped-for proportion to 5 percent in the next two years. But it seems like a(n) (10) goal—in 2011, Starbucks reported that 2 percent of drinks were served in reusable mugs. Now we just have to remember to grab ours off the counter before we run to Starbucks—a notoriously difficult feat before our first cup of coffee.
体裁 说明文 词数 321 限时 15分钟
Why Marine Animals Can’t Stop Eating Plastics?（2）
A. capabilities B. appreciate C. suggesting D. primarily E. appealing F. visual G. specifically H. dominant I. soft J. resemble K. contents
Why Marine Animals Can’t Stop Eating Plastics?（2）（Vocabulary）
Why do marine animals find plastic so appealing that they tend to consume it? One explanation is that animals simply mistake plastic for familiar food items --- small plastic balls, for example, are thought to (1) tasty fish eggs. But as humans, we are biased by our own senses. To (2) animals’ love of plastic, scientists must try to view the world as they do. Humans are (3) creatures, but many marine animals rely primarily on their sense of smell. Savoca, an ecologist at the Institute of Ocean Sciences, and his colleagues have conducted experiments (4) that some species of seabirds and fish are attracted to plastic by its smell. They (5) regard dimethyl sulfide (DMS,二甲基硫醚), a compound known to attract seabirds, as the chemical cue emanating(散发)from plastic. Essentially, algae(藻类)grows on floating plastic, and when that algae is eaten by krill(磷虾)--- a major marine food source --- it releases DMS, (6) to birds and fish that then swallow the plastic instead of the krill they have come for.Even for vision, we can’t jump to conclusions when considering the appeal of plastic. Like humans, marine turtles rely (7) on their vision to search for food. However, they are also thought to possess the capacity to see UV light(紫外线), making their vision quite different from our own.Qamar Schuyler at The University of Queensland, Australia, has got
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into turtles’ heads by modelling their visual (8) and then measuring the visual characteristics of plastics as turtles see them. She has also examined the stomach (9) of dead turtles to get a sense of their preferred plastics. Her conclusion is that while young turtles are relatively indiscriminate(任意而为的), older turtles preferentially target (10) plastic as their teeth get worse. Schuyler thinks her results confirm a long-held idea that turtles mistake plastic bags for delicious jellyfish.
体裁 说明文 词数 373 限时 10分钟
A. equivalents B. increase C. capped D. acknowledged E. regulations F. comparatively
G. undeniable H. vast I. restoration J. ranked K. moderately
This past National Day holiday saw upwards of half a billion Chinese citizens travelling. While some flew off to international destinations, the (1) majority enjoyed the many tourist sites that China has to offer. If you were one of those people who decided to explore China’s scenic spots, you probably realized that it isn’t just the mountain steps that are steep—the entrance fees are, too! The average cost of the highest (2) 5A attractions is 109 Yuan. This could prove to be a little too steep for some families, who find themselves spending too large a portion of their holiday budget on admission tickets. The 32 5A locations that upped their prices in the past five years experienced an average (3) of over 40 percent. The bad news is that these prices are expected to continue to rise. So how does China’s situation compare to other parts of the world? The average fees for cultural and historical sites seem to be on par with (与…同价) international (4) It’s quite another story, however, when you compare natural wonders. For example, the cost of a ticket to Zhangjiajie National Forest Park (张家界国家森林公园) hovers around 245 Yuan for a three-day tour. This seems (5) high when you consider that a week long pass to America’s Yellowstone National Park (黄石国家公园) is a mere 74 Yuan. There are (6) benefits to increased revenue (收益) from ticket sales, which support necessary (7) maintenance and operation costs. This is especially important for sites that must keep visitor numbers down in order to protect the natural environment. However, it must also be (8) that many of China’s tourist attractions are operated by private companies who are ultimately protecting their bottom-line(盈亏底线).While the government has put some (9) in place, such as only allowing entrance fees to be raised once every three years, they have not (10) the upper limit of ticket prices and increases. Further
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measures to settle the dispute are being considered. In the meantime, some families are forced to re-think if some attractions are really worth the costs.
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体裁 说明文 词数 305 限时 11分钟
Google Inc. is searching for a better way for millions…
A. studies B. reaching C. familiar D. folded E. complications F. monitors
G. probably H. helpful I. exploring J. discussions K. particularly
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. Google Inc. is searching for a better way for millions of diabetics (糖尿病患者) to manage their disease by developing a contact lens that (1) glucose (葡萄糖) levels in tears. The “smart” contact lens uses a tiny wireless chip and small glucose sensor that is (2) into two layers of soft contact lens material. Google is in (3) with the Food and Drug Administration, the company said. But the contact lenses could be years from (4) the public. The prototype (原型) can bring about a reading once per second, which could be very (5) for diabetics who must pay close attention to their blood sugar and adjust their dose of insulin (胰岛素). Google is also (6) whether the lenses could be an “early warning” for diabetics by equipping them with tiny LED lights that light up when insulin levels get too high or low.“You’ve (7) heard that diabetes is a huge and growing problem — affecting one out of every nineteen people on the planet. But you may not be (8) with the daily struggle that many people with diabetes face as they try to keep their blood sugar levels under control. Uncontrolled blood sugar puts people at risk for a range of dangerous (9) , some short-term and others longer-term, including damage to the eyes, kidneys and heart,” Google said in a blog post. “It’s still early days for this technology, but we’ve completed multiple clinical research (10) which are helping to improve our prototype. We hope this could someday lead to a new way for people with diabetes to manage their disease.”
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体裁 说明文 词数 321 限时 12分钟
Public image doesn’t make money directly…
A. attraction B. benefit C. enthusiastically D. command E. satisfy F. undoubtedly
G. approval H. treasured I. viewed J. developed K. considerable Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. Public image doesn’t make money directly, nor is it anything visible. However, excellent public image is such an important thing that it is (1) desired by every company, enterprise, institution, etc. Public image refers to how a company is (2) by its customers, suppliers, and stockholders (股东), by the financial community, by the communities where it operates, and by federal and local governments. Public image is controllable to (3) extent, just as the product, price, place, and promotional efforts are.A firm’s public image plays a vital role in the (4) of the firm and its products to employees, customers, and to such outsiders as stockholders, suppliers, creditors (贷款方), government officials, as well as different special groups. With some things it is impossible to (5) all the different publics: for example, a new highly automated plant may meet the (6) of creditors and stockholders. However, it will (7) find resistance from employees who see their jobs threatened. On the other hand, high quality products and service standards should bring almost complete approval, while low quality products and false claims would be widely looked down upon. A firm’s public image, if it is good, should be (8) It is a valuable strength that usually is built up over a long and satisfying relationship of a firm with publics. If a firm has (9) a quality image, this is not easily imitated by competitors. Such an image may enable a firm to charge higher prices, to win the best distributors and dealers, to attract the best employees, to expect the most favorable creditor relationships and lowest borrowing costs. It should also allow the firm’s stock to (10) higher price-earnings ratio (比例) than other firms in the same industry with such a good reputation and public image.
体裁 说明文 词数 275 限时 10分钟
A. workload B. describe C. pressure D. say E. gap F. engaged
G. well-rounded H. increasingly I. temporarily J. stuff K. heading
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Instead of enjoying the final days of summer by hanging out at the pool or the mall, many students are reading and writing — cramming (填鸭式) to complete assignments before (1) back to school. Summer homework has (2) become a popular tool used by teachers to bridge the (3) between the end of one school year and the start of another. But some parents worry that the (4) is making summer fun slip away. \"I don't know what good this really does,\" said Sheryl, a parent of twin 13-year old girls. \"Life isn't always about a test. I think it's important for children to be children, to be (5) \" Sheryl said her daughters spent weeks in summer camps and away on vacation before they had a chance to start their summer assignments. \"Basically I have the summer reading hanging over my head when I'd like to do other (6) \" said her daughter. She said she enjoyed reading \"The Color of Water\" by James McBride, but the assignments that go with it — choosing five passages to (7) and analyze — seem redundant(多余的). Some education experts (8) the \"lazy, hazy, crazy\" days of summer are over as schools feel increased (9) on accountability for student achievement under the federal No Child Left Behind Act. \"It's really going to focus attention on this period of time when kids aren't (10) ,\" said Ron Fairchild, executive director of the Center for Summer Learning at Johns Hopkins University. But parents from Prince George's County to Salt Lake City are lately fighting back, questioning the usefulness and of teachers piling on summer reading and math problems.
体裁 说明文 词数 211 限时 10分钟
A. permission B. particularly C. experiencing D. contact E. identified F. seek
G. increasing H. obviously I. responsible J. guarantee K. access
Camping wild is a wonderful way to experience the natural world and, at its best, it makes little environmental influence. But with (1) numbers of people wanting to escape into the wilderness, it is becoming more and more important to camp unobtrusively (不引人注目地) and leave no mark. Wild camping is not permitted in many places, (2) in crowded lowland Britain. Wherever you are, find out about organizations (3) for managing wild spaces, and (4) them to find out their policy on camping and shelter building. For example, it is fine to camp wild in remote parts of Scotland, but in England you must ask the landowner’s (5) except in national parks. Camping is about having relaxation, sleeping outdoors, (6) bad weather, and making food without modern conveniences. A busy, fully-equipped campsite seems to go against this, so (7) out smaller, more remote places with easy (8) to open spaces and perhaps beaches. Better still, find a campsite with no road access: walking in makes a real adventure. Finding the right spot to camp is the first step to (9) a good night’s sleep. Choose a campsite with privacy and minimum influence on others and the environment. Try to use
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an area where people have (10) camped before rather than creating a new spot. Always consider what influence you might have on the natural world. Avoid damaging plants. A good campsite is found, not made—changing it should be unnecessary.
体裁 说明文 词数 265 限时 11分钟
A. reward B. release C. nuclear D. achievement E. qualifications F. regularly
G. determined H. communicated I. cultivated J. motivated K. genuinely Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. Boys have done better than girls at achieving the highest grade at A-level, results showed today as thousands of students learned whether they had secured places at university .Eight percent of papers sat by boys scored the top A grade, compared to only 7.9 percent for girls .It is the first time that boys have performed better than girls at achieving the A since the grade was introduced to (1) the brightest students in 2010.However, the results showed that girls were still more successful overall as they attained a higher number of (2) at grade A and above. Experts said the increase in A grades for boys showed that schools had focused on raising males’ (3) But boys still have some work to do to close the gap with girls overall. Fellow Uxbridge student Emre Dincer, from Turkey, said it was his father who (4) his interest in study and encouraged him to help him to (5) all the negative beliefs. The urge to pursue his father’s profession has (6) him to succeed. The 20-year-old came to the U.K. in 2009 with his mother and little brother, (7) to become a(n) (8) engineer, like his father. Mr. Dincer was awarded A grades in maths and English .He said, “I (9) watched English cartoons, episodes of Futurama (《飞出个未来》) and House (《豪斯医生》). Often speaking to friends helped me to eliminate all the uncertain thoughts and build up my confidence although I (10) with them in broken English.
体裁 说明文 词数 315 限时 10分钟
A. labels B. average C. requires D. counting E. situation F. dropped
G. professional H. packaged I. exercise J. processing K. Standards
Americans know the benefits of having a healthy diet. In school, children learn to eat a variety of
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healthy foods. People grow up aware of the value of (1) calories. They hear about the health dangers of chemicals added to (2) food. They realize they shouldn’t eat too many sweets or fats. Many American consumers read (3) carefully for nutrition information. That way they can compare products and eat the best foods. Keeping fit — or maybe getting in shape — is often high on the list of New Year’s resolutions for Americans. In the past two decades, fitness has become a fashion. Many Americans have joined health clubs to work out with (4) equipment. Sports stores sell sports shoes and clothing for every possible exercise (5) People can even buy weights and equipment and set up their own exercise center at home! Statistics give health experts good reason to be disappointed. Americans exercise less than they used to. The number of people taking part in fitness activities (6) from 41.7 million in 1991 to only 32 million in 1993. Among high school students, only 37 percent (7) three times per week. However, 70 percent of teenagers watch at least an hour of TV every day, and 38 percent watch over three hours. As a result, the (8) American gained eight pounds during the 1980’s. At least one-third of Americans weigh 20 percent more than their ideal weight. Still, by many (9) Americans enjoy good health. Medical care in the United States, while expensive, is among the best in the world. The U.S. Government (10) strict food inspections to ensure that food is of the highest quality. Food producers must label products accurately. Many resources, such as magazines, TV programs and even the Internet, allow people to find out how to improve their health. Americans know how to make themselves more healthy. They just need to do it.
体裁
A. explore B. instructing C. reflect D. encountered E. independent F. motivated
G. accustomed H. ordering I. techniques J. processes K. unique
How can English teachers speed up the language learning of their students? One way is to teach students how to learn more effectively and efficiently. Learning strategies are “procedures or (1) that learners can use to facilitate a learning task.” And (2) students of English in learning strategies can help them become better learners. In addition, skill in using learning strategies assists students in becoming (3) confident learners. Finally, students become more (4) as they begin to understand the relationship between their use of strategies and success in learning English .Students need to develop an awareness of the learning process and strategies that lead to success. Students who (5) on their own thinking are more likely to engage in planning how to proceed with a learning task, monitoring their own performance on an ongoing basis, finding solutions to problems (6) and evaluating themselves upon task completion. These activities 第23页
说明文 词数 241 限时 11分钟 may be difficult for students (7) to having a teacher who solves all their learning problems and is the (8) judge of their progress. Teachers need to encourage students to rely more on themselves. Because learning strategies are mental (9) with few observable signs, teachers need to find ways to make the strategies as concrete as possible. When students are able to use the strategies their teachers have taught them, and to do so without persuasion, then they need to (10) new strategies, new applications and new opportunities for self-regulated learning.
体裁 说明文 词数 313 限时 11.5分钟
A. number B. recall C. constant D. addition E. achieve F. different G. exposed H. obviously I. previous J. variety K. typically Section B
It’s the customary bedtime practice every parent would feel fearful — being asked to read the same book for many many times. But while the (1) repetition might be boring for mum or dad, it is the best way for children to learn new words, according to research. The findings suggest parents are wasting money by spending a fortune on huge book collections in the hope that they will inspire their little ones. Instead, a small selection of favourites such as The Very Hungry Caterpillar will (2) far more. Dr. Jessica Horst of the University of Sussex’s WORD Lab devised an experiment to check how quickly three-year-olds could recognize and (3) six new words. The children were visited three times in a week. One group heard the same story three times back-to-back each time and another was read three (4) stories. All had the same (5) of new words which appeared the same amount of times. When researchers returned a week later, they found the children who heard the same story over and over had (6) learned 3.6 of the new words, while those (7) to a variety of stories remembered only 2.6. They also noted the “repetition” group learned at a faster rate than those in the “ (8) group. Dr. Horst said, “We are showing that less is more, to a point. And, (9) , the more times you read to a child and the more books you have will help him or her. But you don’t need to go crazy and buy every single Thomas the Tank Engine book. Reading the same books over and over again helps.” Speaking of the (10) studies, we have found one in three parents don’t read to their children before putting them to bed. Yet 30 minutes of one-on-one reading periods can improve reading age by nearly two years in less than five months.
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体裁 说明文 词数 375 限时 11分钟
A. marketed B. experience C. increased D. deliberately E. indicate F. controlled
G. potentially H. currently I. convenience J. backed K. access Young children may face serious health risks from popular energy drinks, such as Monster, Red Bull and Rock Star, (1) causing heart problems and other life-threatening conditions, according to the findings of new researches. During a presentation at the annual Cardiac Scientific Sessions 2014 meeting of the American Heart Association (AHA), researchers warned about the risk of allowing young children (2) to the energy drinks, which contain high amounts of caffeine(咖啡因) and other stimulants. Researches (3) that the energy drinks are not intended for young children and are not safe for them to consume. Steven Lipshultz, M.D., lead author of the study, is calling for a warning on all energy drink cans and bottles, warning parents of the risk of allowing children to drink them. Researchers say it is difficult to know exactly how much caffeine is contained in each can or bottle of energy drinks, since they are often (4) as dietary supplements (补充物), which allow the manufacturers to avoid FDA regulations. Energy drink manufacturers have compared the amount of caffeine in their products to that in hot drinks sold in coffee houses, but their products are often packaged in very large sizes and they are not sold in (5) environments like coffee houses, which typically would not serve young children. Energy drinks are widely available in (6) stores next to traditional soft drinks, typically packaged in very similar cans and using similar marketing techniques. Some energy drinks in many of the popular lines can contain up to 400 mg of caffeine per can. In comparison, a cup of coffee typically has around 100 mg of caffeine. Caffeine poisoning can occur in adults at levels higher than 400 mg a day; however, children under 12 can (7) caffeine poisoning at only 2.5 mg per 2.2 pounds of body weight. A study published in September (8) up the new findings, revealing energy drinks may cause serious heart problems. French researchers revealed the popular energy drinks may be linked to (9) risk of irregular heartbeats and even sudden death .The FDA is (10) investigating health concerns surrounding the drinks after numerous negative event reports have been made in recent years connecting energy drinks to severe injuries and deaths.
体裁 说明文 词数 293 限时 11分钟
A. extensive B. appeals C. debated D. necessarily E. audience F. confidence
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G. delicately H. efficient I. experienced J. withdraw K. decline
A century ago, American political leaders judged public opinions by people’s applause and the size of crowds at meeting. This direct exposure to the people’s views did not (1) produce accurate knowledge of public opinions. It did, however, give political leaders (2) in their public support. Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas (3) each other seven times in the summer and autumn of 1858, two years before they became presidential nominees (总统候选人). Their debates took place before (4) in cornfields and courthouse squares. A century later most presidential debates, although seen by millions, take place before a few reporters and the technicians in television studios. The public’s response cannot be (5) firsthand. This distance between leaders and followers is one of the difficult problems of modern democracy. The media provide information to millions of people, but they are not yet so (6) at providing leaders with feedback from the public. Is government by acclamation (欢呼、欢迎) possible when the scale of communication is so large and impersonal? To make up for the (7) in their ability to experience public opinions for themselves, leaders have turned to science, in particular the science of opinion polling (调查).It is no secret that politicians and public officials make (8) use of public-opinion polls to help them decide whether to run for office, what policies to support, how to vote on important issues and types of (9) to make in their campaigns. President Lydon Johson was famous for carrying the latest Gallup and Roper poll results in his pocket, and it is widely believed that he began to (10) from politics because the polls reported losses in public support. All recent presidents and other major political figures have worked closely with polls.
体裁 说明文 词数 228 限时 12分钟
A. available B. legally C. incorrect D. denied E. blocks F. labeled G. tie H. roughly I. birth J. appropriate K. limits Dear Editor,
Most public libraries now offer all visitors, kids and adults alike, free access to all sites on the Internet. Just like any powerful tool, (1) must be placed on it. After all, not all sites are good for children or appropriate for them. Some are violent. Some, in the name of free speech, say irresponsible things. Others feature (2) information for research. And many should be (3) “For Adults Only.”In 2000, there were 7 .1 million publicly (4) sites on the Web, with over 200 new adult sites added each day. Couple this figure with the fact that there are (5) 200 million American children under the age 18 with Internet access, and you have a recipe for disaster .Back in l967, the American Library Association (ALA) passed a resolution（决议）that stated “a person’s right to use a library should not be (6) …
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because of origin, age, background, or views.” Some groups argue that this resolution gives children the right to free and total access to the Internet and its unsuitable sites. This resolution was fine in the past, but it never considered the (7) of the Internet. Besides, the ALA isn’t a government agency. It has no power to pass laws, and its resolutions are not (8) binding（有约束力的）.We must pass real laws that (9) U .S. government funds for library computers to the use of software that (10) out offensive material online. If the libraries don’t use the software, then they don’t get computers. As a working parent, I can’t be with my child every time he turns on the computer. I don’t expect libraries to be babysitters. But I do expect them to work with me, not against me, in making sure my child is protected from adult-only and other irresponsible sites. Sincerely, Julie Richardson Redding, California
体裁 说明文 词数 342 限时 8.5分钟
U.S. Will Continue Welcoming and Caring for Refugees
A. enhanced B. permanently C. admitting D. ethnicity E. victim F. currently
G. response H. evolved I. nongovernmental J. enabling K. voluntarily U.S. Will Continue Welcoming and Caring for Refugees
The United States will continue its long tradition of welcoming and caring for refugees. During 2018, the U.S. government will be (1) up to 45,000 refugees. The new limit of 45,000 refugees is lower than in recent years. It takes into account a number of factors: the security of the American people; the government's capacity to properly care for the refugees according to its (2) security procedures; and the piles of hundreds of thousands of cases the Department of Homeland Security (3) faces from people who have already come into the United States and are seeking protection. Since 1975, the U.S. has welcomed more than 3 million refugees. With the new ceiling limit, the United States will continue to (4) resettle more refugees than any other country, and will keep offering protection to the most vulnerable of those who have suffered because of race, (5) political opinion, nationality, religion, or membership in a particular social group. It is also important to note that refugee resettlement is only one part of the U.S.'s (6) to the global crisis of forced displacement. The U.S. remains the world's leading donor of humanitarian assistance, providing over $7 billion dollars last year. During 2017, the U.S. has been providing more than $1.4 billion dollars in humanitarian assistance for the Syria crisis and Iraq. In addition, the U.S. has given nearly $2.5 billion for people falling
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(7) to famine, and nearly $104 million for badly-treated people. We are also the leading donor to other agencies to provide life-saving support for refugees and conflict victims, including the Red Cross, Movement, the World Food Program, UNICEF and a wide range of (8) humanitarian organizations. This support provides vital assistance to refugees and conflict victims close to their home countries with a view to (9) refugees to return to their homes (10) and in safety, when conditions permit. The United States takes pride in its humanitarian efforts and goals, and will continue to care for people around the world who are fleeing violence.
体裁 说明文 词数 416 限时 10分钟
Every day, women from underdeveloped countries..
A. commitments B. story C. independently D. drastically E. scale F. domestic G. affordable H. pack I. striking J. logging K. reproducing Every day, women from underdeveloped countries like India, Mexico and the Philippines (1) their bags and leave their homes, families and communities in order to take up new positions as care workers in wealthier parts of the world. Whether these women find work in nurseries, day-care cent res, homes or hospitals, looking after children, the elderly, the ill or disabled, they all have one thing in common----they are part of what many researchers now call the “care economy” .The care economy is not a new phenomenon but it has burgeoned on a global (2) in the last twenty years. Between 1990 and 2000, the number of international migrants increased by 14 percent with a growing proportion of these women now travelling (3) for their own employment and not as dependants of their husbands. The International Lab our Organization (ILO) has called this growth in women’s trans-national lab our migration “one of the most (4)economic and social phenomena of recent times”. This development can be seen as a result of two factors. The first is a multitude of demographic changes in wealthier countries since World War II. Middle-class women have entered the lab our force and workers have been (5) more and more hours at the office every week. In addition, people in these countries are now living longer and (6) at a slower rate, meaning populations across the developed world are steadily aging. All of these changes have resulted in a larger demand for care services at a time when the working population is too besieged(被围困) with other (7) to provide this care on a voluntary basis. In developing countries, the (8) is very different. Many societies have youthful populations in the prime of their working lives, but suffer from low wages and high unemployment, and women are often the last in line to get work. Even when good jobs are available, they often cannot compete with the salaries offered in developed countries. A fully trained and qualified nurse may earn less working at a hospital in the Philippines, for example, than she would as a (9) carer for a family in Los Angeles.It is easy to see why the care
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economy has developed at such a pace----it provides job opportunities for large numbers of unemployed women in developing countries, and (10) care for stressed, busy families in the developed world.
体裁 说明文 词数 246 限时 7分钟
America’s National Parks
A. covers B. memory C. generations D. yearly E. gain F. settled
G. established H. urgent I. intended J. varying K. charges America’s National Parks Today the United States has 59 national parks. Yellowstone was not only the first national park in America, but also the first in the world. （ 1）in 1872, Yellowstone, in the western state of Wyoming, is home to grizzly bears, wolves and otheranimals. Since then, about 100 nations have set up over 100,000national parks and protected areas for the enjoyment of people today and （ 2） to come. The National Park Service, created in 1916, is (3) to protect the national parks and to help visitors enjoy them. One way the National Park Service is able to operate is through the fees it (4) One hundred thirty-three sites charge entrance fees (5) in price from $5 to $25. However, visitors can buy a(n) (6) pass for $80. And people over 62- years-oldcan buy a lifetime pass for $10. A free lifetime pass is offered to people with disabilities. Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve isthe largest park in the United States. It is in Alaska and (7) over five million hectares of land ------ larger than that of Switzerland. The park also includes historic areas where the Athabascan people (8) thousands of years ago. Villages, camping and hunting areas of the Athabascan people can be found in the area. The smallest preserve in the United States is the Thaddeus Kosciuszko National Memorial. It was built in (9) of Kosciuszko, a militaryyengineer who left Poland to help the United States (10) Independence.
体裁 说明文 词数 429 限时 10分钟
Cut Hair Using a Burning Candle
A. readily B. clients C. loyal D. combs E. perfect F. spread
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G. guaranteed H. inspired I. applies J. initially K. failure Cut Hair Using a Burning Candle
Dasharath Kumar, 28, is now the most popular barber in his small village in Karnataka in southern India. He has come up with a novel way to style people’s hair with a small comb and a burning candle instead of a pair of scissors. Just like any barber would trim hair using scissors, Dasharath (1) the hair and carefully runs the flame of the candle on the ends, giving it a unique finish. Once it is done, he washes the hair and (2) hair conditioner to it to let the unpleasant smell go off. The ‘cutting-edge’ technique has become so popular among men in his village and nearby towns that his salon is always full of (3) –--- both young and old alike. He says: “I wanted to experiment with the method of haircutting to attract more people and draw more clients to my salon.”While Dasharath had joined his family business when he was 15, the unique idea only occurred to him five years ago after power went off at work one day.“Electricity (4) was common in our village and we were used to work in dark. But one evening while I was cutting the hair of a client, power went off and I had to use the light from a candle to finish the haircut. But the flames of the candle that night (5) me to think of using a new technique for trimming hair.” says he. With practice and support of his (6) customers who let him burn their hair, Dasharath could (7) his exclusive (独有的) skills over the years.“I had bunch of regular customers so when I told them about the experiment, they (8) agreed. They said they trusted me and my skills and gave a nod for the new technique. Surprisingly, it came out very well.”As the word of mouth (9) in the small village, both Dasharath’s popularity and customer base(客户群) rose by leaps and bounds. Started with only 20 pence, customers now happily pay him £1 for his different way of haircut. One of his daring customers Yusuf Khan, who waited for nearly two hours for his turn, said: “Every barber gives a haircut using scissors but the fun of getting a haircut with a candle flame is unbeatable. I was a bit reluctant (10) but once I saw the magic of his hands, I never went back to a regular barber.”
体裁 说明文 词数 368 限时 10分钟
A. benefit B. welcome C. familiar D. reach E. setting F. evolution G. lasting H. reputation I. goal J. introducing K. work
Whenever I travel, I meet international leaders who have studied in Britain. These energetic, intelligent people chose Britain because we offer high quality higher education. This is good news for the UK. People who are educated here have a (1) tie to our country. They promote Britain around the world, helping our trade and our diplomacy. It is easier for our executives and our diplomats to do business with people (2) with Britain. British exports of
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education and training are worth some eight billion pounds a year. Money feeds into our institutions and helps our (3) to open up opportunities for more people to study. Our young people also (4) They gain from the doors in the world which contact with international students. We can teach, but we can also learn from others. Nowadays, we are launching a long-term strategy to strengthen the United Kingdom as a first choice for the quality of study and the quality of our (5) to international students. This will be a UK-wide and a Government-wide effort. We are (6) a package of measures to help encourage students from overseas to study in the UK. We will offer international students more open doors. …We have the measures in place, but we are also (7) tough targets for recruitment(招募). We want to have 25 percent of the global market share of higher education students and we want to increase the number of international students studying in Further Education institutions by 100 percent. Our aim is to (8) these targets in 5 years. Tough targets, but deliverable. While giving these undertakings, I also want to lay down a challenge to others. To business—I ask you to (9) with the British Council overseas to market education. And to universities and colleges—I ask you to live up to your (10) to professionalise your approach, to deliver a quality education to overseas students that encourages involvement and rises to the challenge of our competitors, to work as partners together.
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说明文 词数 341 限时 9分钟 Tesla Presents Truck, Updated Sports Car
A. power B. announcing C. charge D. costly E. regular F. launch G. reserve H. competition I. alternative J. operating K. shift
Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. Tesla Presents Electric Truck, Updated Sports Car American electric carmaker Tesla hopes its electric-powered trucks will replace today’s diesel-fueled ones. Tesla founder Elon Musk showed off the new truck, called the Tesla Semi, during a (1) event Thursday in Los Angeles. Musk said the truck can travel 800 kilometers on a single electric (2) while pulling a full load of 36,000 kilograms. Musk did not give an exact price for the new trucks. Instead, he said the cost of (3) the Tesla truck will be less than diesel trucks because of fuel savings and lower maintenance costs. He even claimed that moving goods with the Tesla Semi would cost less than transporting them by train. Musk said production will begin in 2019. Interested buyers could pay $5,000 to (4) a truck. The trucks will be equipped with the autopilot system which can keep vehicles at a set speed and is capable of slowing them down automatically. He added that the company plans to build a worldwide system of solar-powered “megachargers” to provide electrical charges for the trucks. He said the system could (5) trucks for another 0 kilometers after charging for as little as 30
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minutes. Tesla and other major manufacturers are making big investments in electric vehicles in a worldwide (6) to energy-saving technologies. Tesla faces (7) in the electric truck market however. German carmakers Volkswagen and Daimler AG are designing their own versions. Daimler recently showed off its first all-electric zero-emission transport truck in Germany. Meanwhile，Musk surprised the crowd, at its publicity event, with a new model of Tesla’s Roadster, (8) the company was launching the second-generation Roadster, a new version of the first car the company made. The sports car will be the first vehicle in (9) production to reach 100 kilometers an hour in just 1.9 seconds. The new Roadster is expected to begin its selling in 2020. Its starting price, however, for the least (10) model, is $200,000.
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说明文 词数 307 限时 13分钟 Shanghai is Getting an Entire Farming District
A. outdoor B. benefit C. consist D. rely E. grown F. primarily
G. maintained H. raise I. fortunately J. agricultural K. influence
Shanghai is Getting an Entire Farming District Shanghai may be known for its towering skyscrapers, but a large part of the city will soon have towering vertical(垂直的)farms that grow fruit and vegetables. The city is planning a 250-acre (1) district, which will function as a space to work, live, shop, and farm food. Called Sunqiao, it will include new public plazas, parks, housing, stores, restaurants, greenhouses, and a science museum. Some of the crops will be (2) hydroponically(水培)indoors. The plan was designed by the firm Sasaki, which has offices in Massachusetts and Shanghai. The plan features a vast amount of public (3) space. The new farming district will be located between Shanghai International Airport and the city center. Sunqiao will (4) of algae farms, greenhouses, green walls, a farmer’s market, vertical seed libraries and a science museum. The district will be developed and (5) by Shanghai Sunqiao Modern Agriculture United Development Co. Ltd., which is working with local planning officials.The farms will (6) grow leafy greens, like kale and spinach, which will be sold to restaurants, grocers, or exported. In the future, the district may also (7) fish in vertical aquafarms(水产养殖场). The project’s largest challenge will be building architecture that accommodates farmland. For example, his team needs to make sure the towers don’t cast shadows on crops that need lots of sunlight. Sunqiao will be of great (8) to this city. First, it will make produces grown closer to the city, while reducing the (9) of land and water use that comes with traditional agriculture. Second, it works as a demonstration area(示范区)which shows how to reduce the energy consumption as its vertical farms all (10) on LEDs to grow crops.As cities continue to expand, we must continue to challenge the division
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between what is urban and what is rural. And Sunqiao is a great example to such a balance.
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说明文 词数 293 限时 9分钟 The Mysterious Power of Music
A. extending B. reveal C. ranging D. inborn E. scanned F. process
G. soften H. instrument I. vary J. mystery K. rewarding Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. The Mysterious Power of Music Mu sic is everywhere ---- we use it to get ourselves out of bed in the morning, energize our exercise workouts, or calm down a crying infant. It’s safe to say that people love music .Music has been a part of human culture in all of recorded history. Nearly 40,000 years ago, early humans carved bones and stretched animal skins over hollow tree stumps(树桩)to make musical (1) It seems that our deep-rooted appreciation for music is (2) human infants react and respond to music even before they have learned to talk. The 17th-century poet William Congreve claimed that music has charms to soothe a savage breast, to (3) rocks, or bend a knotted oak (盘根错节的橡树). Few would disagree that music is powerful .Recent brain imaging studies have helped (4) why we get so much pleasure from music. Researchers (5) musicians’ brains and found that when they experienced “chills” while listening to stirring passages of music, the same pleasure centers in the brain were active that are normally active when people engage in other (6) activities such as eating chocolate. And it is also found that the brain areas active while listening to music (7) from person to person, depending on musical training and experience. A better understanding of the way our brains (8) music will pave the way for medical applications, (9) the benefits of music beyond mere enjoyment. Many of these applications are already under way in the field of music therapy, where music is used to treat neurological(神经系统的) conditions (10) from Alzheimer’s to Parkinson’s disease. As research continues, we can look forward to greater insight into why music is so strangely powerful. 体裁 说明文 词数 535 限时 10分钟
Hudson Dunn has always been an active boy.
A. gigantic B. press C. modification D. recommended E. diagnosed F. rigor
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G. pursuits H. reminder I. impulsive J. labeled K. medication
Hudson Dunn has always been an active boy.
His daycare teaches called him “demanding” and “independent.” In preschool, he preferred singing and daydreaming to learning the ABCs. By the time he was in kindergarten, he often came home crying.“It created an environment in the classroom where he was (1) a bad kid,” said his mom, Jenine Dunn. Hudson has Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, or ADHD----one of the most commonly (2) mental health disorders in children. The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) estimates 11 percent of American kids have ADHD. A recipe for trouble The list of symptoms for kids who have ADHD reads like a recipe for problems in school: trouble paying attention and completing tasks; being fidgety, talkative and (3) difficulty following rules, making friends and keeping track of things----like homework or class materials. Increasing academic demands have only made it harder for kids with ADHD, argues Dr. Jeffrey Brosco, professor of clinical pediatrics at the University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine. “We’ve increased the academic demands, but we’ve also reduced our demands for allowing children to figure out how to spend their time,”Brosco said. “Young children learn best by play and by creative kinds of (4) and not just practice with reading, writing and arithmetic.”Dunn said the academic (5) of kindergarten definitely contributed to the difficulties her son, Hudson, faced in school. “There’s very little free time for imagination. They want these kids inkindergarten sitting at a desk for seven hours a day,” she said. “It creates an incredible amount of stress.”He weaves between their desks, offering nonstop praise. “ I like the way you’re raising your hand without calling out,” he tells one. “Thank you for using your materials appropriately,” he says to another. It comes every 30 seconds or so, a pleasant (6) for every tiny thing done right. Because for McArthur’s students, every moment spent sitting in class and following the rules is a monument achievement .Implementing behavior (7) strategies in the classroom takes time----time that teachers don’t often feel like they have. Every moment spend fixing bad behavior, praising good behavior or redirecting a student to the task at hand is a moment of teaching that is lost. World-renowned ADHD researcher, Dr. William Pelham and his team focus on behavior modification because, he says, it works. Combined with parent training, Pelham has found that starting with behavior-based treatment rather than (8) is more effective and costs less. His findings led the CDC to change the (9) course of treatment for children with ADHD. Still, children in Florida are far more likely to receive medicine over therapy.“The problem is that there is no pharmaceutical company for better classroom management practices. There is no pharmaceutical company for better parenting programs. So you don't have (10) industries helping parents and helping teachers,” Pelham said.
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体裁 说明文 词数 338 限时 8分钟
A. topped B. initiative C. alternative D. address E. approved F. iconic G. unwanted H. say I. continuing J. tone K. engine
Last week, the BRICS countries----Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa----came together in the Chinese city of Xiamen for their ninth annual summit. Economic ties (1) the agenda of the three-day gathering. While some Western leaders including U.S. President Donald Trump have been against globalization, China struck a very different (2) In his opening (3) Chinese President Xi Jin ping urged an open world economy. “ The development of emerging markets and developing countries won’t touch anyone’s cheese,” he said. “ Instead, it will only help the world economic pie grow.” The Chinese leader added that developing markets had been the primary (4) of global growth and that such countries needed to work closely to build a fairer world economy. His remarks won much support from his fellow leaders. In the 43-page Xiamen Declaration(厦门宣言) released during the summit, the BRICS countries agreed to work together and act against any barriers to global trade. The New Development Bank , BRICS’ (5) to the World Bank, was another focus during the summit. Started in 2014, the institution was seen as the first major BRICS achievement after the group came together to press for a bigger (6) in the world’s financial affairs. So far, it has (7) 11 investment projects that are worth around $1.5 billion. In his speech, Xi announced that China was due to give $4 million for projects at the NDB. The decision comes as the bank aims to address massive infrastructure projects, including China’s One Belt One Road (8) The NDB will potentially bring dozens of countries together in a global infrastructure project .North Korea’s sixth----and most powerful----nuclear test on September 3 became an (9) subject during the summit. The BRICS countries strongly criticized the move. They, expressed concern for the (10) tensions surrounding North Korea’s nuclear program and urged they be solved through “peaceful means and direct dialogue.”
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体裁 说明文 词数 362 限时 10分钟
A blog is little more than a webpage featuring..
A. compiled B. captivates C. succeeds D. engaged E. entries F. canvas
G. arguments H. devoted I. household J. intended K. possibilities A blog is little more than a webpage featuring chronological (1) by one or more people, and usually linking to other sources of information or commentary in the process. Brigitte Eaton, who (2) a popular blog portal (门户网站) before they went mainstream, evaluated submissions by one simple criterion: “that the site consist of dated entries.”This simple medium has opened itself up to many diverse (3) in practice, limited only by the human imagination. Firstly, many blogs are diaries in the personal sense ----chronicles of feelings, events and changes in the author’s life. These are often (4) to be seen only by a close circle of friends, but sometimes personal bloggers build larger support networks by connecting with other bloggers in comparable situations. Bloggers who discuss the challenge of raising a disabled child, for example, may link to and visit each other’s pages for ideas, friendship and encouragement on a daily basis. Beyond that, there are blogs on almost every conceivable subject. Some of them (5) the usual dinner-table conversation fodder(素材)----politics, sports, celebrities, business and travel, for example. Several of these blogs pull readership numbers in the millions every month, and some of their authors have become (6) names. Meanwhile, other blogs target those with very niche interests. Blogs on suit tailoring, knitting, home-schooling and silent Hollywood movies have found smaller but no less (7) audiences in the internet “blogosphere”. Writing a blog that (8) public interest is no easy task, however. It requires time, dedication, a unique perspective and imagination, and a knack for snappy, friendly prose that makes the reader feel (9) in a dialogue with the author. For every blog that (10) at this, thousands do not. Derek Gordon, the vice president of Technorati, a search engine that has over 109 million blogs in its listings, found over 99 percent of blogs have only one reader----the blogger him-or herself. “ The vast majority of blogs exist in a state of total or near total obscurity”, he notes.
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说明文 词数 338 限时 8分钟 North Korea’s sixth----and most powerful----nuclear test…
A. topped B. initiative C. alternative D. address E. approved F. iconic
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G. unwanted H. say I. continuing J. tone K. engine
Last week, the BRICS countries----Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa----came together in the Chinese city of Xiamen for their ninth annual summit.Economic ties (1) the agenda of the three-day gathering. While some Western leaders including U.S. President Donald Trump have been against globalization, China struck a very different (2) In his opening (3) Chinese President Xi Jin ping urged an open world economy. “The development of emerging markets and developing countries won’t touch anyone’s cheese,” he said. “ Instead, it will only help the world economic pie grow.” The Chinese leader added that developing markets had been the primary (4) of global growth and that such countries needed to work closely to build a fairer world economy. His remarks won much support from his fellow leaders. In the 43-page Xiamen Declaration(厦门宣言) released during the summit, the BRICS countries agreed to work together and act against any barriers to global trade. The New Development Bank , BRICS' (5) to the World Bank, was another focus during the summit. Started in 2014, the institution was seen as the first major BRICS achievement after the group came together to press for a bigger (6) in the world’s financial affairs. So far, it has (7) 11 investment projects that are worth around $1.5 billion. In his speech, Xi announced that China was due to give $4 million for projects at the NDB. The decision comes as the bank aims to address massive infrastructure projects, including China’s One Belt One Road (8) The NDB will potentially bring dozens of countries together in a global infrastructure project. North Korea’s sixth----and most powerful----nuclear test on September 3 became an (9) subject during the summit. The BRICS countries strongly criticized the move. They, expressed concern for the (10) tensions surrounding North Korea’s nuclear program and urged they be solved through “peaceful means and direct dialogue.”
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说明文 词数 416 限时 9分钟 They are part of what many researchers now call the “care economy”
A. commitments B. story C. independently D. drastically E. scale F. domestic
G. affordable H. pack I. striking J. logging K. reproducing
Every day, women from underdeveloped countries like India, Mexico and the Philippines (1) _____ their bags and leave their homes, families and communities in order to take up new positions as care workers in wealthier parts of the world. Whether these women find work in nurseries, day-care centres, homes or hospitals, looking after children, the elderly, the ill or disabled, they all have one thing in common----they are part of what many researchers now call the “care economy”. The
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care economy is not a new phenomenon but it has burgeoned on a global (2) ____in the last twenty years. Between 1990 and 2000, the number of international migrants increased by 14 percent with a growing proportion of these women now travelling (3) ______ for their own employment and not as dependants of their husbands. The International Labour Organization
(ILO) has called this growth in women’s trans-national labour migration “one of the most (4) ______ economic and social phenomena of recent times”.This development can be seen as a result of two factors. The first is a multitude of demographic changes in wealthier countries since World War II. Middle-class women have entered the labour force and workers have been (5) ______ more and more hours at the office every week. In addition, people in these countries are now living longer and (6) _______ at a slower rate, meaning populations across the developed world are steadily aging. All of these changes have resulted in a larger demand for care services at a time when the working population is too besieged(被围困) with other (7) ______ to provide this care on a voluntary basis.In developing countries, the (8) ______ is very different. Many societies have youthful populations in the prime of their working lives, but suffer from low wages and high unemployment, and women are often the last in line to get work. Even when good jobs are available, they often cannot compete with the salaries offered in developed countries. A fully trained and qualified nurse may earn less working at a hospital in the Philippines, for example, than she would as a (9) ______ carer for a family in Los Angeles .It is easy to see why the care economy has developed at such a pace----it provides job opportunities for large numbers of unemployed women in developing countries, and (10) _____ care for stressed, busy families in the developed world.
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说明文 词数 413 限时 10分钟 In Scotland, illness treatment is considered urgent..
A. statistics B. subjecting C. evolving D. patterns E. concerns F. bind
G. blame H. involves I. approach J. pilot K. suspected “In Scotland, illness treatment is considered urgent; in Canada, it’s considered inevitable. However in America, it is resource consuming.” Though the remarks seem like jokes, real data support the point. Medicare (1) for example, reveal that we Americans lead the world in the amount of medical services used during the last six months of a person’s life. Senior citizens here are big consumers of healthcare, using ambulances three times as often as seniors elsewhere. Commercial insurance data point to similar (2) in the healthcare of the younger population too, a ground few would argue against. What explains such a phenomenon? There is plenty of (3) to go around. Both physicians and patients have referred to a “more is better” (4) that adds cost without necessarily leading to better outcomes .In the past, doctors in fee-for-service systems have been (5) of doing too much testing to generate more income. Now new networks track doctors’ treating record in the hope to discourage unnecessary testing. Patients, on the other hand, are worried about denial of services. Doctors can find themselves caught in a (6) between anxious and worrying patients and insurance networks that dismiss doctors with inefficient practice patterns. Upset factors, such as malpractice(医疗差错) (7) and falling fees, among which the worsening doctor-patient relationship tops the ranking list----are contributing to the nation’s increasing shortage of primary-care（初级保健护理）doctors. Is there a better way to do this, without limiting a patient’s choice or lowering the quality of healthcare? One solution is that we can introduce care organizations, which have the goal of improving both patients’ health outcomes and the efficient use of resources. Like an HMO, this new kind of care organization (8) networks of doctors, hospitals and patients. By carefully balancing care among doctors’ computerized medical records to identify the appropriate use of services, it encourages preventive care and measure quality. Given the obvious benefits during its (9) time, we are also encouraged to look at the program called Choosing Wisely. The program is aimed at encouraging both physicians and patients, with the help of professional model, to carefully consider the wisdom of medical procedure. In most cases, useless procedures are not only wasting money, but also (10) patients to additional risk without the potential to improve their health.
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说明文 词数 390 限时 8分钟 Mothers and daughters go through so much..
A. turns B. duet C. ideal D. successful E. privileged F. positions
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G. examine H. bonded I. mirrored J. account K. acknowledge
Mothers and daughters go through so much----yet when was the last time a mother and a daughter sat down to write a book together about it all? Perri K lass and her mother, Sheila Solomon Klass, both gifted professional writers, prove to be (1) co-writers as they (2) their decades of motherhood, daughterhood, and the wonderful ways their lives have overlapped. Perri notes with amazement how closely her own life has (3) her mother’s: both have full-time careers; both have published books, articles, and stories; each has three children; they both love to read. They also love to travel----in fact, they often take trips together. But in truth, the harder they look at their lives, the more they (4) their big differences in circumstances and basic nature.A child of the Depression, Sheila was raised in Brooklyn by parents who considered education a luxury for girls. Starting with her college education, she has fought for everything she’s ever accomplished. Perri, on the other hand, grew up (5) in the New Jersey suburbs of the 1960s and 1970s. For Sheila, wasting time or money is a crime, and luxury is unthinkable while Perri enjoys the occasional small luxury, but has not been (6) at trying to persuade her mother into enjoying even the tiniest thing she likes .Each writing in her own unmistakable voice, Perri and Sheila take (7) exploring the joys and pains, the love and bitterness, the minor troubles and lasting respect that have always (8) them together. Sheila describes the adventure of giving birth to Perri in a tiny town in Trinidad where her husband was doing research fieldwork. Perri admits that she can’t sort out all the mess in the households, even though she knows it drives her mother crazy. Together they compare thoughts on bringing up children and working, admit long-hidden sorrows, and enjoy precious memories. Looking deep into the lives they have lived separately and together, Perri and Sheila tell their mother-daughter story with honesty, humor, enthusiasm, and admiration for each other. A written (9) in two voices, Every Mother Is a Daughter is a (10) that produces a deep, strong sound with the experiences that all mothers and daughters will recognize.
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说明文 词数 350 限时 12分钟 Have you ever watched a television show or a movie..
A. approaches B. generous C. financially D. effort E. dates F. victim G. exchange H. substitute I. boosts J. visible K. seemingly
Have you ever watched a television show or a movie and felt like you were watching a long commercial? If so, then you’ve fallen (1) to bad product placement (产品植入). Clever marketing folks want their products to be (2) within a scene, but not the focus. When done correctly, product placement can add a sense of realism to a movie or television show. Product placement (3) from as early as 1950s when a drinks company paid to have a 第40页
character in the movie The African Queen toss loads of their product overboard. Since then, there have been countless placements in thousands of movies. Sometimes, product placement just happens. A set dresser (布景人员) might think of something that (4) the level of credibility or realism of the story. One example is the use of a can of ant killer in a violent fight scene in the popular television program The Sopranos. A spokeswoman for the manufacturer said the company was not approached (接洽) about the use of their product, and they would not have given it a thumbs-up. Arranged product placement deals are more prevailing (普遍的). The most common type is a simple (5) of the product for the placement. A deal is made; in exchange for the airtime, the cast and crew are provided with a(n) (6) supply of the company’s products. Sometimes, a gift of the product isn’t an appropriate form of compensation (补偿). Then, money powers the deal. Someone from a manufacturer’s marketing team hears about a movie project, and (7) the set dresser with a(n) (8) attractive proposal. They come to an agreement, and the product makes a number of (9) casual appearances. Both teams are happy. Before product placement really saw a surge (激增) in the mid-1980s, it was pretty much a do-it-yourself (10) Now, there are entire agencies that can handle the job. Some larger corporations dedicate personnel to seek opportunities for placement within films, television shows—and even games and music.
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说明文 词数 4 限时 10分钟 Gene Therapy for Rare Form of Blindness Approved in US
A. born B. inherited C. electronic D. suffering E. lasting F. specially
G. concerns H. developed I. individual J. surprisingly K. disorder Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. Gene Therapy for Rare Form of Blindness Approved in USAmerican health officials recently approved the first gene therapy treatment for an (1) disease – the type that can pass from parent to child. The treatment improves the sight of patients (2) from a genetic mutation that destroys their ability to see. It is the first gene therapy approved where a corrective gene is given directly to patients. People with the disease usually start losing their sight before they are 18. This often progresses to total blindness. The gene that causes the disease could suddenly appear when a child is (3) with a copy of the gene from both parents. Only a few thousand people in the U.S. are thought to have the condition .Patients receive the therapy, called Luxturna, through two injections, one for each eye. These replace the problem gene that prevents the retina, a tissue at the back of the eye, from changing light into
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(4) signals sent to the brain .Mistie Lovelace received one of the early treatments. She said, “One of the best things I’ve ever seen since surgery are the stars. I never knew that they were little dots that twinkled.”Drugmaker Spark Therapeutics has not set the price for the treatment. Its own research, however, has put the value of the therapy at around $1 million. The company says the reason for the high price is due to their prediction that Luxturna will be given only once, with (5) positive effects. To date, the company has researched patients in a study for as long as four years and has not seen their vision worsen .The Food and Drug Administration has approved three gene therapies since August. The two other treatments are (6) designed treatments for forms of blood cancer .New success for difficult field The approval marks an important growth for a field of study that has struggled with safety (7) In 1999, a patient treated for a rare metabolic (8) at the University of Pennsylvania died. In another case, patients treated for an immune （免疫）disorder later (9) leukemia（白血病）.Dr. David Valle said the excitement about the possibilities for genetic medicine create opportunities for research on (10) diseases. University of Pennsylvania researcher Dr. Jean Bennett said she and her husband, Dr. Albert Maguire, first imagined using genetic medicine to treat retinal blindness in the mid-1980s.But it took many years to develop the science and technology. The first animal tests happened in 2000 and the first human tests in 2007.“We didn’t know what genes caused the disease, we didn’t have animal models with those genes, we didn’t have the ability to clone genes and deliver them to the retina — so it took time to develop all that,” said Bennett.
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说明文 词数 504 限时 11分钟 Technology Brings 3-D Images to Food Menus
A. familiar B. items C. capture D. bunch E. influence F. option G. signal H. Visual I. Charged J. recipe K. abandoned Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. Technology Brings 3-D Images to Food MenusIt is not always easy to know what food to order at restaurants. But a new company in New York is hoping to help. The company offers menu (1) in augmented reality. The technology places computer-generated images into the user's view of the real world.At Vino Levantino wine bar in New York City, the desserts are tasty but many visitors may have never heard of them.“We have a few desserts that are not usual ... or people (are) not (2) with them. Like we have the kadaif, I mean, not everyone knows what’s kadaif.”Instead of explaining the traditional Middle Eastern sweet to restaurant visitors, owner Haim Amit shows them.The Kabaq augmented reality application displays models of the desserts in 3-D on an iPad. Customers at each
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table use an iPad to explore the desserts .How it worksAlper Guler is the founder of Kabaq.“Humans are (3) creatures, and we are creating really realistic 3-D food models.\"The technology company is helping diners decide what to eat and making traditional menus more modern. Guler and his team visit restaurants to (4) 3-D images of dishes. They place dishes on a turning table inside a photo box and the camera scans the dishes from all sides.“We have special equipment that stands here, shooting a (5) of pictures at the same time. So, the turntable turns, our system takes all the pictures along the way. And we go back to our office and basically start processing all of these images.\"For their services, Kabaq (6) $99-$199 per month.Sales, fun increaseAmit says the technology is not only increasing profits at his restaurant but offering customers a special experience.\"It's not just the sale, the sales grow like about 22 percent overall on average, but the experience with customers is different – they don't expect it and they really like it.\"Amit says he has noticed how excited his customers are about it.“They’re surprised that we come with something digital, it’s almost like a toy,” Amit said.\"It's so funny; it's like you have the whole plate in front of you. It's amazing.\"Mike Cadoux is Kabaq's head of sales and partnerships. He said that seeing the different foods can greatly (7) a customer.“If I was going to get the $17 pasta, but I see the $28 steak and it looks amazing, (and) I go for the $28 steak,\" he said. \"That’s a huge value to so many restaurants up and down the street.”Foodies love the technology3-D scanning technology is becoming a good (8) for people excited about food, often called foodies. Artist Romain Rouffet used 3-D scanning to create a 3-D (9) for banoffee pie. Users can change the view sizes on all sides. The resulting video may (10) the kinds of augmented reality developments soon to come.
体裁 说明文 词数 412 限时 8分钟
Hair Care Myths
A. loss B. frequently C. thoroughly D. rapid E. unwanted F. naturally
G. look H. mistaken I. maintaining J. depressed K. skip
Hair Care Myths Separating myth from fact can be tricky. What you thought to be a good piece of hair care advice might turn out to be a(n) (1) belief. Let’s check out the following hair care rumors. Myth 1: Frequent trims (修剪) make my hair grow faster. Truth: More trims will not make your hair grow faster. No matter how much you want to make your hair grow at a(n) (2) speed, hair only grows about one centimeter per month whether you cut your dry ends off or not. Myth 2: Stress makes my hair fall out and never grow back. Truth: On average, a person can lose between 50 and 120 strands (根) of hair per day (3) Nevertheless, severe stress can lead to more hair loss. The stress may be caused by major life changes like divorce, (4)
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of job or surgery. After the stress factor calms down, the hair will certainly start to grow back within a couple of weeks. Myth 3: Switching shampoos (5) makes my hair healthier. Truth: Shampoos are designed to target different kinds of hair to help with their problems. But hair cannot tell the difference between brands or build up a tolerance (耐受性) to a shampoo. Using the correct shampoo for your hair is the key to (6) healthy hair. Myth 4: If I pull one gray hair out, two or three will grow in its place. Truth: You might just get a little (7) that you have gray hair! But the good news is if you pluck the gray hair out, more will not grow back. However, it is still a bad habit. When you pluck out a hair, it damages the root, which can cause infection. The best way is to leave the (8) hair alone .Myth 5: If I have an oily scalp (头皮), I should (9) using conditioner. Truth: Conditioner will not add to your oil problem. Oily hair is actually caused by an over-production of the scalp’s natural sebum (皮脂). Using a moisturizing (补水的) product or a heavy conditioner will not add to the oily (10) . Conditioner is used in the hair to help close the hair cuticle (表皮) and keep it healthy and strong through the day, so try using a conditioner from the middle of the hair to the tips.
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体裁 说明文 词数 198 限时 8分钟
Everybody everywhere smiles..
A. experience B. distinguish C. survive D. contexts E. fake F. show
G. social H. presence I. interact J. indicates K. appear Everybody everywhere smiles. Across all cultures, people smile. Although babies start smiling in the womb (子宫), (1) smiles develop at around six weeks of age. Between 8 and 12 months, infants smile to communicate, such as to share interest and attention with their parents. Not all smiles are equal. The ability of children to (2) between real and fake smiles improves between 2 and 4 years. People need to cooperate with others to (3) It’s essential that people choose others with whom they can cooperate. In many (4) we can identify who will be cooperative based on either reputation or (5) of this person. Without such insight, however, we need other authentic signals that indicate cooperation. Because genuine smiles are hard to (6) they make good signals. The (7) of a genuine smile could indicate who is cooperative as well as who won’t be dishonest. This research suggests that even at a very young age, children can tell the difference between real and fake smiles and thus decide with whom to cooperate and (8) Furthermore, researchers said, “These results (9) that the origins of this evolutionarily important form of partner choice (10) early in development.”
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体裁 说明文 词数 387 限时 8分钟
Over the next few weeks..
A. rejected B. regular C. tailor D. sweating E. occasionally F. initially
G. electronic H. relatives I. flooded J. reverse K. transferring
Over the next few weeks, America’s colleges will mail and post online hundreds of thousands of rejection letters. Some, especially (1) notices that say little more than “Denied,” can feel especially harsh to applicants who have spent months (2) over essays and tests. But admissions officers say (3) applicants should not automatically delete rejection notices unread. A careful reading of a rejection letter just might provide some surprises and even a little hope .Hard or soft? While big schools typically bulk-mail (群发) a single message to all rejectees, some smaller colleges (4) their denials to different students. “Hard” denials are final. “Soft” letters use kinder words and often hint at hope. Appeal? Most schools, especially the highly selective colleges (5) with desperate applicants, say they just don’t have the staff to consider appeals. And they often say so in their rejection letters. Other schools will reconsider applicants who have something new to add to their applications. At the University of
Georgia, for example, although appeals are not mentioned in the standard rejection letter, they are (6) considered. “The student really has to pursue and request” an appeal to the Faculty Admissions Committee, says Patrick Winter, senior associate director of the admissions office. That group will generally recommend the university president to (7) a rejection only if “there is any information that we didn’t have” in the application. He says that fewer than 4 percent of the appeals gain admission. Grinnel College in Lowa also doesn’t encourage appeals but will consider them from very persuasive students. Transfer? Binghamton University in New York suggests to all of its 15,000-plus rejectees that they consider (8) in eventually. Hamilton College in New York offers to advise rejectees on which courses to take to help their transfer admission chances and waives (取消) the application fee for rejectees who try to transfer in within two years. Legacy? Some schools sent legacy applicants—children who have (9) who attended or have donated to the school—different rejection letters from those for (10) applicants. “Students who have no (family) ties to the university get a fairly basic letters,” says Jim DiRisio, director of admissions at St. Bonaventure University in New York. “But when we know there is a tie, we recognize the connection (in the letter) … It is a little bit softer.”
体裁 说明文 词数 306 限时 9分钟
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A. accounted B. limited C. commercials D. popular E. overnight F. helped
G. increased H. symbols I. though J. talented K. fashion
Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. The next time you watch NBA playoff (季后赛) action on TV, take a close look at the shoes that many players are wearing. Gone, for the most part, are the ankle-hugging high-tops that supposedly (1) to protect players from injuries. The change over the last few years to low-top sneakers seems to go against conventional wisdom. Strangely, (2) Steven Nash and Kobe Bryant, two of the most (3) players with the Los Angeles Lakers, aren’t worried. According to the U.S. market-research firm NPD Groups, high-tops once (4) for about 20 percent of the U.S. basketball shoe market. Now, the number has sunk to about eight percent. Low-tops, the kind that Nash and Bryant wear, have grown to 29 percent, from just 11 percent in 2002.High-top sneakers are one of the most celebrated (5) in modern basketball. After the Air Jordans transformed the market in 1985, shoe companies began battling one another. They put air pumps in the tongues of their shoes, and made carefully prepared and organized (6) “All of a sudden, it became a (n) (7) business,” Marshal Cohen, an analyst with the NPD Groups, told The Wall Street Journal. “The Jordans were excellent. The market went from being nothing to a million-dollar business (8) ”One of the reasons why high-tops are not so (9) anymore is that they were never really good at protecting the feet.In an article in the British Journal of Sports Medicine in 2008, University of Newcastle researcher Craig Richards found no evidence that sneakers (10) injuries. His research actually found that high-top basketball sneakers could even cause players to run slower and jump lower. Now, the contest has become a war. Companies like Adidas, Nike, Converse and Reebok are all fighting to create the next “Air Jordan,” and with that, the next market battle.
体裁 说明文 词数 307 限时 10分钟
A. adapt B. natives C. identities D. cost-saving E. alert F. instead G. established H. practically I. route J. enrolled K. significant Officials at Boston College have made what may be a critical decision: they’ve stopped giving out new email accounts to incoming students. The officials realized that the students had already established digital (1) by the time they entered college, so the new email addresses were just not being used, but, (2) the college will offer forwarding (转发) services. Starting next year, freshman (3) at Boston College won’t be given an actual email account complete with login and inbox, just an email address. This address, in the format of
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johnsmith@bc. edu will simply forward mail to the student’s already (4) inbox, be it Gmail, Windows Live Mail, Yahoo Mail, AOL, or whatever else they may be using. The college reached a smart decision after first looking into outsourcing (外包) their email to the cloud. While the Boston College decision may have been made for (5) reasons more than anything, we can easily imagine this as being the start of a new trend. Can you even imagine a U.S. college student who didn’t have an email address of their own by the time they were a freshman? It’s (6) unheard of. Today’s students are digital (7) immersed (浸润) in technology from the day they were born. It simply doesn’t make sense to give them yet another account to manage when they enter college. By going this (8) there are still some challenges to overcome, though. For example, a student who changes their email carrier will probably forget to (9) the institution to the change and could then miss out on (10) messages from the university with regard to their courses, scholarship, safety information, etc. In the end, we think the decision Boston College made could easily be the start of a new trend. We’re sure the students like it, too.
体裁 说明文 词数 282 限时 8分钟
A. practical B. graduates C. images D. willingly E. independently F. increase
G. experiment H. elementary I. undergoes J. leaps K. aggressive A noted American psychologist once remarked that childhood is a magical period in one’s life. Indeed it is, for during childhood, one (1) a step-by-step transformation not only in mental capacity but also in physical and verbal skills. Each step signals a(n) (2) in the difficulty of a child’s conceptual and learning abilities. During the early stages of childhood, from infancy (婴儿期) to the age of about five, the child learns simple skills including using the toilet, bathing and dressing himself (3) . At this stage, he also learns to be very observant, curious, imaginative and creative. His ability to remember things also (4) at this stage. He remembers details that an adult may have difficulty remembering. Gradually, he learns (5) skills in problem-solving. At school, particularly in art classes, the child is especially creative. Given a piece of paper and some colored pencils, he draws a variety of (6) from his surroundings as well as from his family circle. It is not surprising to see a child draw a monster to represent a(n) (7) father, and an angel to represent a loving and caring mother. As he (8) to the later stages of childhood bordering on the teenage years, the child learns the complexity of human relations and socialization by interacting with his peers—his friends and schoolmates. He also learns to (9) with new life situations, including dates and part-time work. Given a tight schedule of schoolwork, the child learns to prepare his own schedules of work and play. The more (10) and less serious ones 第48页
manage to take time out of their busy schedules of assignments, reports and examinations to go with their friends for relaxation.
体裁 说明文 词数 342 限时 10分钟
Students Honor 9/11 Through Volunteering..
A. community B. service C. emotional D. witnessed E . efforts F. volunteered
G. important H. ceremony I. democratic J. spirit K. obligation Students Honor 9/11 Through VolunteeringIn the days after Sept. 11, 2001, thousands poured into Ground Zero to lend their hands in one of the largest recovery efforts in American history. Now, 12 years later, colleges are finding ways to channel the same (1) into service projects in their own communities on September 11th.“9/11 is such a(n) (2) touchstone for our country. I think people want to find ways to do something, and students as well,” says Kevin Kruger, president of the student affairs group. “The idea of giving something back to the (3) ties in well to the emotional significance of that.”Though no corner of the country was untouched by the terrorist attacks, they especially rocked New York University on 9/11. Less than two miles from Ground Zero, students (4) the plane-on-tower impact from their dorm rooms. The university coordinated shelters and counseling in the days afterward. Because of this, NYU public affairs director Philip Lentz says the volunteer work the students do this week has a “special relevance.” Students today (5) at a rescue mission, wrote cards for soldiers and veterans and made donations for the families of victims and first responders on 9/11.“NYU feels it has a special (6) to offer this service opportunity to students that are here so they can give back to the community that was so devastated by the attacks,” Lentz says. Similar deeds have been taking place in George Washington University in Washington, D.C. “For the past five years at GW, freshmen have boarded buses immediately after their official welcome (7) in early September to head for the nation’s financial capital and volunteer in (8) that aid the environment, education, veterans and community organizations,” says Amy Cohen, the university’s director for civic engagement and public service.“We hope that students will learn that community (9) is part of how we build strong communities and a vibrant (10) society,” Cohen wrote in an e-mail to USA TODAY. “We ask students to reflect on the tragedy of 9/11 and to use this day as a way to show civic engagement and community building.”
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体裁 说明文 词数 330 限时 12分钟
There are times that you will be asked a hard question during a job interview.
A. involved B. summary C. panic D. humble E. requirements F. exposure
G. split H. relevant I. offer J. demonstrate K. interest
There are times that you will be asked a hard question during a job interview. Don’t (1) They just want to see how you handle a difficult situation.“Why should we choose you?” To answer this question, you can ask yourself why you applied, what makes you suitable for this position, what the company can gain from hiring you, what you have to (2) how you would handle this job, etc. Often they ask you to tell them about yourself. You can (3) your answer into two, the professional and the personal level. Both are important, and how you move from one to the other depends on what you have to say. You can give a brief (4) of your life, professional and personal, with less emphasis on the early past, and more emphasis on the present and the future .When asked “What are your weaknesses?”, don’t say “I don’t have any.” Everyone has weaknesses, and it takes strength to recognize them. Say something (5) but not hugely important to the specific position, and always add something positive like, “I haven’t had a lot of (6) to the on-site work, but I’m looking forward to being more (7) in dealing with customers directly and learning their needs.”Another common question is: “What are your strengths?” You should customize (定制) your answer to meet the position (8) Keep in mind the things they asked for in the advertisement. Tell them your strengths, but also show them how they would be applied to this job. To show how your strengths were valuable, use the “why, where, when, how” to (9) your strengths. Always follow-up with a thank-you note restating your (10) in the position. If you interview with multiple people, send each one a thank-you note.
体裁 说明文 词数 130 限时 9分钟
During the eighteenth century..
A. severe B. limited C. create D. brilliant E. adding F. newly G. reduced H. developed I. sale J. rapid K. popular
During the eighteenth century, fireworks were (1) into the standard forms familiar to viewers today, but colors were (2) to white and orange. Then in the 1830s, makers began (3) metal salts that give off color when they are burned. By 1900, they found that
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(4) discovered metals, especially aluminum, added brilliance as well. Some fireworks makers developed set pieces—fireworks lighted to (5) pictures in the sky. In this century, fireworks shows have become more elaborate and awe-inspiring. Today’s fireworks concentrate on (6) displays high in the air, splashing (7) colors across the night sky. Fireworks are (8) forever, but professionals warn that they are dangerous. Most states have (9) laws governing their (10) and use.
体裁 说明文 词数 321 限时 8.5分钟
On April 16, off the coast of South Korea..
A. witnesses B. sinking C. challenging D. missing E. rescued F. deal G. sending H. named I. involved J. assist K. submerged
On April 16, off the coast of South Korea, a large passenger ferry (1) the Sewol (“岁月”号) sank in calm seas while carrying more than 450 passengers. Most of the passengers were high school students on an overnight trip from the port of Incheon (仁川) to the southern resort island of Jeju (济州岛). South Korean officials confirmed only 179 passengers had been (2) at least 25 were dead and dozens injured, and nearly 280 people were still (3) Images showed the multi-story passenger ferry listing at a severe angle and then almost completely (4) with only a small part of its hull (船体) visible. It sank within two hours after (5) a distress signal. This accident could turn out to be South Korea’s biggest maritime disaster for more than 20 years. Several coast guards, military and commercial vessels were (6) in the rescue effort, which unfolded rapidly after the ferry began to sink. Pictures from the scene showed rescue teams balanced on the (7) hull pulling teenagers from cabin windows. Some of their classmates jumped into the sea as the ship went down. The U.S. Navy has sent two amphibious assault ships to (8) with the search. Teams of navy divers were searching the scene for the passengers, but the work was (9) It is not yet clear what caused the incident, but (10) described hearing an impact, before the ship listed and quickly sank, and the captain seemed not to act quickly to evacuate passengers to avoid this disaster.
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体裁 说明文 词数 191 限时 8.5分钟
One of the things I really looked forward to…
A. assistance B. dealer C. separation D. innocence E. tempted F. designed G. logically H. items I. financially J. imagined K. techniques
One of the things I really looked forward to in my retirement was the weekly shopping tours. I (1) pushing the trolley slowly around the supermarket and picking out odd (2) But, alas, my innocent dreams were rudely smashed (粉碎).First, it is necessary to secure a shopping trolley. Carefully (3) not only to hold all shapes and sizes of purchases but also all ages and types of small children, a single trolley is hard to get out of the line of trolleys where it is parked. Each trolley refuses (4) from its fellows without sharp jerks (猛推) or the (5) of two strong men. The next lesson is that women never follow a route (6) when shopping. My wife had disappeared. After ten minutes of searching, when I eventually found her in a far corner, she inquired (询问) rather directly and severely, “Where have you been hiding all this time?”Supermarket managers are sent on courses to learn how to make customers (7) and how to persuade them to buy goods they do not really need, at prices they are not able to afford. As a newcomer, I was still a baby for their clever (8) as I took many goods off the shelves. But my (9) was soon corrected by rough instructions from my wife. “Put it back!” “You’ve tried that before and didn’t like it!” “No, it’s too expensive!” I soon learnt to be a wheeler of the trolley and not a(n) (10) in goods.
体裁 说明文 词数 309 限时 10分钟
When planes fall from the sky..
A. aid B. requirement C. completely D. final E. equally F. track
G. recovered H. placed I. discovery J. impact K. monitors
When planes fall from the sky, as a Yemeni airliner did on its way to the Comoros Islands in the Indian Ocean on June 30, 2009, the black box is the best bet for identifying what went wrong. So when a French ship detected the device’s signal five days later, the (1) marked a huge step toward determining the cause of a tragedy in which 152 passengers were killed .In 1958, Australian scientist David Warren developed a flight-memory recorder that would (2) basic information like altitude (高度) and direction. That was the first model for a black box, which became a(n) (3) on all U. S. commercial flights by 1960. Early models often failed to
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survive crashes, however, so in 1965 the device was (4) redesigned and moved to the rear of the plane—the area least subject to (5) —from its original position in the landing wells (起落架舱). That same year, it was required that the boxes, which were never actually black, be painted orange or yellow to (6) visibility. Modern airplanes have two black boxes: a voice recorder, which records pilots’ conversations, and a flight-data recorder, which (7) fuel levels, engine noises and other operating functions that help investigators reconstruct the aircraft’s (8) moments. The boxes, (9) in an enclosed case and surrounded by quarter-inch-thick panels of stainless steel (不锈钢板), can resist massive force and temperatures up to 2,000°F. When underwater, they’re also able to send signals from depths of 20,000 ft. Experts believe the boxes from Air France Flight 447, which crashed near Brazil on June 1, 2009, are in water nearly that deep, but they’re still likely to turn up. In the almost 20 deep-sea crashes over the past 30 years, only one plane’s black boxes were never (10)
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体裁 说明文 词数 421 限时 12分钟
Have you ever glanced at a mountain and wondered how it was created..
A. formations B. folds C. plunges D. evolving E. disasters F. dynamic
G. forces H. varying I. witness J. incredible K. transfer
Have you ever glanced at a mountain and wondered how it was created? Does it seem (1) that the Grand Canyon was created by water from the Colorado River dissolving rock for millions of years? People wonder about natural (2) because they have trouble envisioning (想像) Earth’s being different from the way it is now .In reality, Earth is quite (3) constantly evolving and changing shape. The difficulty in picturing this transformation originates from the processes being so slow. Many changes take millions of years; people do not (4) much change in their lifetimes. Instead, they collect evidence from the past and, like detectives, piece together the clues to decipher (破译) Earth’s history .Earth’s lithosphere (岩石圈), or rocky outer layer, is constantly changing. This change results from various forces deep within Earth. Earth’s interior is brimming (充溢) with activity as heat is transferred upward. This heat (5) ultimately influences the appearance of the surface. The lithosphere is fragmented into a number of segments, or plates, that float above a semifluid molten (炽热的) layer of rock called the asthenosphere (软流圈). As the material within the asthenosphere rises toward Earth’s surface, it pushes the lithospheric plates in various directions. As a result, the plates move like bumper cars, crashing and bouncing due to Earth’s internal (6) . This movement changes the shape of Earth’s surface, also called the crust. Movement of the lithospheric plates can be gradual or sudden. Mountains and volcanoes are formed when two lithospheric plates come together. If this process occurs within a continent, the crust (7) creating mountains. If the plates continue to push together, they can form huge mountain ranges, such as the Alps. When two plates of widely (8) weights come together, however, something very different happens. In this case, the heavier lithospheric plate (9) underneath the lighter plate. The pressure becomes so intense that large cracks develop. This allows the molten rock to rise and form volcanoes. The Cascade Range, extending along the Pacific coast, consists of volcanoes that resulted from this process .Given these dynamic processes, we can see that Earth’s landscape is enormously complex and constantly (10) Its surface is littered with formations that shift in response to the fiery forces deep within Earth’s interior. Some of the most dramatic changes occur out of the view, underneath the ocean floor. Over time, dynamic forces create a planet that is rife with diversity and mystery.
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体裁 说明文 词数 291 限时 11分钟
says Dr. Sarah Bass from the National Cancer Institute..
A. warn B. harmful C. trend D. profitable E. lack F. experiences
G. doubts H. authoritative I. confusion J. avoid K. hesitate
A new (1) has been found on the Internet as Americans become their own doctors by going online to order home health tests or medical devices, or even self-treat their illnesses with drugs from Internet pharmacies (药店). Some people (2) doctors because of the high cost of medical care, especially if they (3) health insurance. Or they may (4) to see a doctor because they find it embarrassing to discuss their weight, their consumption of alcohol or couch potato habits and so on. Patients may also fear what doctors might learn about their health, or they distrust doctors because of terrible (5) in the past. But to become their own doctors can be (6) Every day, more than six million Americans search the Internet for medical answers. Few of them have (7) about what they found. A survey conducted by the Pew Internet & American Life Project found that 72 percent of those surveyed believed all or most of what they read on health websites. Actually, most of these websites are only interested in doing (8) business. Of the 169 websites the researchers studied, only 16 are regarded as “high quality.” The findings caused one research team to (9) that a large amount of inaccurate and even dangerous information is found on the Internet. The problem is that most people don’t know the safe way to surf the Web. “They use a search engine like Google, get 18 trillion choices and start clicking. But that’s risky, because almost anybody can put up a site that looks (10) It’s hard to know whether the online information is reasonable or not,” says Dr. Sarah Bass from the National Cancer Institute.
体裁 说明文 词数 352 限时 13分钟
Students preparing for the postgraduate entrance..
A. spread B. fairness C. increase D. competition E. presented F. available
G. unoccupied H. accepted I. aggressive J. guarantee K. solution
Students preparing for the postgraduate entrance exam are claiming “squatters’ rights” as they literally lock up coveted (被觊觎的) study spaces at Chinese universities. Squatters are those who take possession of (1) property (财物). In the case of the Chinese students, they’re taking possession of the desks and chairs in university study rooms that have been set aside for exam
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preparation. Pictures have (2) on the Internet of desks and chairs taped together or even locked together with chains. Other, less (3) squatters have just used marker pens and a “This is mine!” message to stake their claims. At the Zhongnan University of Economics and Law in Wuhan, three thousand places were made (4) for students to study, but all were claimed by squatters even before the Spring Festival began. The same is true at other universities in China. In Shandong, last year, the (5) for study spaces became so intense that fist fights broke out. The reason for this is the big (6) in the number of students taking the postgraduate entrance exam. This year more than 1.8 million will sit the exam. More and more students are finding that just having a university degree is not enough to (7) them a good job in today’s competitive market. Many companies will not even look at new hires unless they have at least a master’s degree. One has to feel sympathy for these students as they prepare for the postgraduate entrance exam. Not only do they have the stress of sitting the exam, they also have the stress of finding a place to sit and study for the exam. The “squatting” (8) seems to be their only choice, since dorms are too crowded and noisy, but it’s not one that should be encouraged. For the sake of (9) it should be “first come, first served.” If you’re not using a space at the moment, others should have a chance to use it. And just imagine if “squatting” became the (10) practice everywhere: park benches, subway seats ... a table at Starbucks?! One shudders to think!
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体裁 说明文 词数 371 限时 11分钟
Yawning is often the first thing we do when we wake up..
A. naturally B. surprisingly C. different D. overheating E. social F. temperature
G. facial H. surrounding I. frequency J. affected K. believed Yawning is often the first thing we do when we wake up, and we also do it when we are bored, tired or anxious. We all do it, but why? Sleepiness and boredom lead to yawning, so it has long been (1) that the action makes us feel more awake by stretching the muscles (2) the lungs, or by bringing more oxygen to the blood and the brain .Yet in tests, breathing air with high levels of carbon dioxide or even pure oxygen made no difference to the (3) of yawns. Another theory, proposed by the French physician Olivier Walusinski, is that yawning improves the circulation of the fluid that surrounds the brain. As a result, we can focus better on a task. This might explain why parachutists (跳伞者) are asked to yawn before they leap, and why athletes often yawn (4) before they compete. In 2007, though, a new explanation emerged: Yawning is a way to cool the brain. Experiments led by Gordon Gallup at the University at Albany showed that people yawned far less when their head was cooled by a cold pack, compared with holding a heated pack to their forehead. The (5) of the brain rises when we are tired, so it is possible that yawning is a way to protect the brain from (6) due to tiredness .But a strange thing is that when we see another person yawn, it makes us do it too. In other words, yawning is contagious. How can we make sense of these different types of yawning? It’s possible that contagious yawning is something different, and might have a (7) purpose. Steven Pale k and his colleagues at the University at Albany say that contagious yawning may be linked to our ability to understand what others want to do .If you are good at reading others’ (8) expressions, you are more likely to “catch” a yawn. Therefore, people with autism (自闭症) tend to be less (9) by yawning, according to research by Atsushi Senju, now at Birkbeck, University of London.So the simple act of yawning turns out to be (10) complex. Has this research made you yawn yet?
体裁 说明文 词数 328 限时 10分钟
China signed a long-awaited $400-billion deal on May 21..
A. threatened B. shortages C. estimated D. expand E. reliable F. isolated
G. supply H. call I. unbelievable J. progress K. consumption
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China signed a long-awaited $400-billion deal on May 21, 2014, to buy natural gas from Russia, ending more than a decade of supply talks between the two neighbors. The 30-year deal came one day after visiting Russian President Vladimir Putin said that “significant (1) had been made over price. The contract will see an annual (2) of 38 billion cubic meters of natural gas to China through a planned 4,000-kilometer pipeline from two fields in Siberia starting from 2018. Russia will invest $55 billion in fulfilling the contract, while China will invest at least $20 billion. Plans (3) for building a pipeline to link China’s northeast to a line that carries gas from western Siberia to the Pacific port of Vladivostok. The landmark deal gives Moscow an economic boost at a time when Washington and the European Union have imposed sanctions (制裁) on Russia and Europe has (4) to cut its gas imports to punish the Kremlin over the crisis in Ukraine. The agreement enables Russia to (5) the market for its gas, which now goes mostly to Europe. It “opened the door for Russia to enter Asia’s gas market,” said Keun-Wook Paik, a senior researcher at the Oxford Institute for Energy Studies. Politically, the deal provides “breathing space for Russia,” Paik said. “Russia can demonstrate it’s not completely (6) because of the Ukraine crisis. Russia has demonstrated that they have a very (7) strategic partnership with China.”For China, the world’s second largest economy, the deal will help ease gas (8) and meet the country’s demand for clean energy to tackle air pollution and pursue sustainable development. According to the China National Petroleum Corporation, natural gas (9) stood at 167.6 billion cubic meters in 2013, up 13.9 percent year on year, and the annual growth rate was (10) to be 10 percent in the next few years.
体裁 说明文 词数 241 限时 8分钟
Caffeine is a part of the breakfast meal of many Americans..
A. consumption B. separated C. likely D. involve E. routine F. source G. production H. moderation I. aware J. include K. digested
Caffeine is a part of the breakfast meal of many Americans. Many also take a multivitamin supplement daily as a part of their morning (1) Not many people are (2) that taking vitamins at the same time as a cup of coffee or tea can interfere with the body’s absorption of many necessary nutrients. CalciumFor every 150 mg of caffeine (3) about the amount in one cup of coffee, 5 mg of calcium is lost. This effect occurs even hours after the (4) of caffeine. Caffeine also prevents vitamin D absorption, which is important in the absorption and use of calcium in building bone. IronCaffeine interferes with the body’s absorption of iron, which is necessary for red blood cell (5) Drinking caffeine at the same time with an iron
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(6) can reduce absorption by up to 80%. Any beverage containing caffeine should be (7) from iron-containing foods or supplements by at least one hour. Sources of CaffeineCoffee and tea are obvious sources of caffeine. Even decaffeinated versions contain a little caffeine. Other sources (8) soft drinks, chocolate, cocoa and some energy drinks. A cup of coffee or green tea a day is not (9) to have a negative effect on your overall health. However, in excess (过量), caffeine can cause nutrient deficiencies that can affect both health and quality of life. As with most dietary factors, (10) and balance are key in optimal nutrition intake.
体裁 说明文 词数 333 限时 9分钟
Fruits and flowers ... Waterfalls ...
A. debate B. detailed C. impressed D. imagination E. glory F. stay G. existed H. produce I. reference J. revealed K. argue
Fruits and flowers ... Waterfalls ... Gardens hanging from the palace terraces (露台) ... Exotic animals ... This is the picture of the Hanging Gardens of Babylon in most people’s minds. It may be surprising to know that they might have never (1) except in Greek poets and historians’ imagination! The Babylonian kingdom flourished under the rule of the famous king, Hammurabi (1792-1750 BC). It was not until the reign of Naboplashar (625-605 BC) of the Neo-Babylonian dynasty that the Mesopotamian civilization (美索不达米亚文明) reached its ultimate (2) His son, Nebuchadnezzar II (604-562 BC) is credited for building the legendary Hanging Gardens. It is said that the Gardens were built by Nebuchadnezzar to please his wife or concubine (妃子) who had been “brought up in Media and had a passion for mountain surroundings.”While the most descriptive accounts of the Gardens come from Greek historians such as Berossus and Diodorus Siculus, Babylonian records (3) silent on the matter. Tablets from the time of Nebuchadnezzar do not have a single (4) to the Hanging Gardens, although descriptions of his palace, the city of Babylon and the walls are found. Even the historians who gave (5) descriptions of the Hanging Gardens never saw them. Modern historians (6) that when Alexander’s soldiers reached the fertile land of Mesopotamia and saw Babylon, they were (7) When they later returned to their rugged (崎岖不平的) homeland, they had stories to tell about the amazing gardens and palm trees of Mesopotamia, about the palace of Nebuchadnezzar, about the Tower of Babel and the ziggurats (金字形神塔). And it was the (8) of poets and ancient historians that blended all these elements together to (9) one of the World Wonders.It wasn’t until the twentieth century that some of the mysteries surrounding the Hanging Gardens were (10) Archaeologists are still struggling to gather enough evidence before reaching the final conclusions about the location of the Gardens, their irrigation (灌溉) system and their true appearance.
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体裁 说明文 词数 333 限时 10分钟
Scotland has long had a testy relationship..
A. led B. opposed C. divide D. fueling E. attempts F. identity G. driving H. longtime I. object J. majority K. widening
Scotland has long had a testy relationship with its more populous neighbor. The Act of Union (《联合法案》) in 1707 joined the kingdom of Scotland with England and Wales, but many Scots were unhappy at being united with their (1) rival south of the border .Since 1999, Scotland has had a devolved government, meaning many, but not all, decisions are made at the Scottish Parliament (苏格兰议会) in Holyrood, Edinburgh. In May 2011, the nationalist Scottish National Party, which had campaigned on a promise to hold an independence referendum (公投), surprised many by winning an outright (complete and total) (2) in the Scottish Parliament. In October 2012, the U.K. and Scottish governments agreed that the referendum would be held, and the question to be put to voters was agreed on early last year. Dauvit Broun, a professor of Scottish history at the University of Glasgow, said one (3) force for the vote was the (4) gulf between the policies pursued by the U.K. government in Westminster, (5) by the Conservative Party (英国保守党) under Cameron since 2010, and what the Scottish people want. Many Scots are strongly (6) to the current Westminster government’s (7) to reform—or in their eyes get rid of or end—the welfare state and say it was not elected by them. Illustrating that sentiment, there’s only one Conservative MP (议会议员) in Scotland at present, leading humorists to point out that even giant pandas are better represented (Edinburgh Zoo has two).“Since the period of Margaret Thatcher (撒切尔夫人), there has been a growing (8) and a sense that what Scotland agrees on ... has become more and more different to England,” Broun said. Looking further back, Scotland and England have been growing apart since the fall of the British Empire, Broun said. The decline of the Presbyterian Church (长老会) in Scotland, which provided a sense of self-government and Scottish (9) has also played a part in (10) the desire for independence, he said.
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体裁 说明文 词数 329 限时 9分钟
A Korean wave is sweeping across China..
A. credit B. rating C. aggressively D. elements E. worshipping F. blindly G. fascinated H. tailored I. flooded J. widening K. divided
A Korean wave is sweeping across China, with many Chinese women (1) South Korean actors Kim Soo-hyun and Lee Min-ho as demigods (偶像). Chinese netizens have always been (2) over South Korean TV dramas, but there is no doubt that programs from our neighboring country are now enjoying a new round of popularity in China. A big part of the (3) for that goes to You Who Came From the Star (《来自星星的你》).Top South Korean actors Jun Ji-hyun and Kim Soo-hyun recently earned a popularity (4) of 24.8 percent in their country, considered strong by Nielsen Korea. You Who Came From the Star and The Heirs (《继承者们》) have been subjects of hot online discussions throughout Asia. Besides, The Miraculous Journey of Edward Tulane, the book read by the hero in You Who Came From the Star, has been a hard-to-get item on Amazon for a while. The two TV programs have several common (5) a tall, handsome and rich hero who falls in love with the heroine (6) and always protects her, and an equally handsome man who is madly in love with the same woman. Both programs portray the purity of love, which is expressed through kisses or warm hugs. Perhaps that’s the secret of their success; perhaps people are still (7) by Cinderella-type stories.The (8) wealth gap is a matter of social concern both in South Korea and China, and the challenges that young people face in their quest for a better life might have made many ordinary girls dream of marrying rich and caring men, which is precisely what the popular South Korean TV dramas portray. In fact, South Korean TV dramas are (9) to meet the market’s demands.In contrast, Chinese TV screens are (10) by knock-offs and poorly-made soap operas. Most Chinese TV dramas either distort the Anti-Japanese War or blindly copy foreign programs. The lack of good stories is the curse (祸根) of Chinese TV productions.
体裁 说明文 词数 339 限时 13分钟
Down cutting is when a flood of water rushes..
A. blocked B. enormous C. event D. released E. artificial F. recent G. existence H. created I. numerous J. furthered K. evidence
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How the Grand Canyon was (1) remains one of geology’s greatest mysteries. Some (2) suggests that the process was a gradual one in which the Colorado River (which runs through the canyon) slowly cut deeper and deeper into the ground over millions of years. However, volcanic (火山的) rock samples taken from the canyon now suggest that the canyon was downcut instead. Down cutting is when a flood of water rushes over a landscape with enough force to cut deeply into the ground and leaves behind a canyon. Such a flood is usually (3) when a natural or (4) dam bursts (爆裂). Robert Webb, a research geologist with the U.S. Geological Survey, says natural dams seem to have formed and broken across the Colorado River several times during the last million years. The dams were built when lava (熔岩) from the eruptions (爆发) of nearby volcanoes flowed into the river. The lava hardened into rocks and (5) the river, causing it to back up and form a lake. Each time the lake grew so huge that it broke the rock dam, releasing a flash flood that (6) the down cutting process and deepened the canyon. “The most (7) dam break happened 165,000 years ago and released 15 million cubic feet of water per second,” says Webb. Down cutting is not just an earthly (8) Satellite photos sent back from Mars suggest that the process has happened there, too, say researchers at the National Air and Space Museum. The photos taken by the Mars Global Surveyor indicate that a(n) (9) lake existed on Mars 3.5 billion years ago. The lake, which was big enough to flood Texas and California, eventually spilled into a large nearby hole. One edge of the hole broke, releasing a flash flood that quickly carved out a grand canyon about 2,100 meters deep and 885 kilometers long. Astronauts call the canyon “Ma’adim Vallis.” The (10) of down cutting on Mars is just one more piece of evidence that the cold, dry planet was once warm and wet.
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体裁 说明文 词数 321 限时 13分钟
When I was 27 years old, I left a very demanding..
A. measure B. advance C. struck D. calculated E. challenging F. improving
G. conclusion H. firmly I. quickly J. psychological K. consulting
When I was 27 years old, I left a very demanding job in management (1) for a job that was even more demanding: teaching. I went to teach seventh graders math in New York City public schools. And like any teacher, I made quizzes. I gave out homework assignments. When the work came back, I (2) grades. What (3) me was that IQ was not the only difference between my best and worst students. Some of my strongest performers did not have stratospheric (超高的) IQ scores. Some of my smartest kids weren’t doing well. And that got me thinking. The kinds of things students need to learn in seventh grade math are surely hard: ratios, decimals, and the area of a parallelogram (平行四边形). However, these concepts are not impossible. I was (4) convinced that every one of them could learn the material if they worked hard and long enough. After several more years of teaching, I came to the (5) that what we need in education is a much better understanding of students and learning from a motivational perspective, from a(n) (6) perspective. In education, the one thing we know how to (7) best is IQ . But what if doing well in school depends on more than your ability to learn quickly and easily? So I left the classroom and went to graduate school to become a psychologist. I started studying kids and adults in all kinds of (8) settings, and in every study my question was who is successful here and why? My research team and I went to the National Spelling Bee (美国拼字比赛) and tried to predict which children would (9) farthest in competition. We studied new teachers working in really tough neighborhoods, asking which teachers are still going to be here in teaching by the end of the school year, and who will be the most effective at (10) learning outcomes for their students?
体裁 说明文 词数 361 限时 9.5分钟
With a ballooning number of beauty pageants..
A. administrators B. highly C. immune D. unofficial E. instructive F. competitive
G. distractions H. willingly I. crowded J. profitable K. commentators With a ballooning (激增的) number of beauty pageants (选美比赛) and talent shows ruling TV airwaves these days, it seems the general public is obsessed with (对……痴迷的) physical beauty
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and good looks more than ever. Even the “Miss Campus” titles at universities, in previous years only a(n) (1) , word-of-mouth rating given to the prettiest female students, have become public, (2) events with judging panels and voting. Yet, not everyone is crazy about the idea. When organizers of what claims to be a national college student beauty pageant went to Peking University to promote it, they met with a couple of protesting students. Many (3) praise the protesting students as being sensible and independent-minded with the argument that these highly superficial (肤浅的) and commercial events are (4) , to say the least. College students’ major concern is to accumulate knowledge and build their characters. Beauty contests aren’t of any help to most of them, but will only provide one more disturbance on the already (5) and noisy campuses. Most beauty pageants or contests are run as highly (6) commercial events, but as a rule, college students should be protected from such commercial exploitation (利用). If these things happen on campus, it is because (7) aren’t doing a good job. However, some point out that the beauty contests help liven up campus life and give students more career opportunities. College beauty contests aren’t much different from those on TV. As long as they obey laws and university rules, there is nothing wrong with students (8) participating in beauty contests on campus. College is part of society. If there are beauty contests on TV every day, college campuses can’t be (9) from the phenomenon. If there is anything wrong about it, it is with today’s society rather than universities. Beauty pageants can be a highly (10) experience for those who participate. These students can learn how show business operates and can probably get a good head start (起步前的优势) if they go into the entertainment business after graduation.
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体裁 说明文 词数 220 限时 9分钟
Not many librarians see the Internet as a treat to their jobs..
A. identified B. quotations C. denying D. guidelines E. representing F. sources G. assure H. portable I. lacks J. contain K. reliable
Not many librarians see the Internet as a treat to their jobs. That’s because they know the Internet (1) something which libraries are famous for: quality control. Since anyone can publish information on the Internet, researchers can’t (2) the information they find there is true. However, there’s no (3) that students everywhere are using the Internet as one of their research tools. Some (4) for evaluating Internet information are definitely in order. Authors Au t hors should be clearly (5) and their credentials clearly stated. Search for the author’s name to find out if he or she is really an expert in the subject of the article. Accuracy All facts in the information should be clearly cited and all direct (6) should be linked to a specific person. Timeliness Websites should list dates and the last time information was updated. Websites that are updated often are usually more (7) Point of View Remember that websites (8) specific political views or selling things are not good sources of impartial information. Appearance Websites that ( 9) a lot of grammar and spelling errors are usually not worth trusting. Use this information to evaluate Internet (10) and find better information for your next project.
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体裁 说明文 词数 323 限时 10分钟
Family problems come in all shapes and sizes..
A. flexible B. function C. self-image D. fairly E. initiative F. valued
G. capable H. pattern I. short-lived J. accomplished K. remarkably
Family problems come in all shapes and sizes; some are (1) and easily managed while others are more chronic (长期的) and difficult to handle. Stress points include events such as illness and injury, changing jobs, changing schools, moving and financial difficulties. Each family develops its own ways of coping with these problems, some of which work better than others. Unsuccessful coping can be recognized by a number of characteristics, including the following: Inability to resolve conflicts and disagreements This usually occurs because family members avoid discussing problems or even admitting that problems exist. Some families just have not learned the skills of negotiating or, for some other reason, cannot let go of bad feelings. Children are likely to (2) their behavior after their parents’ and refuse to talk about feelings and problems. Poor division of responsibilities When that happens, family life can become chaotic, and many things do not get (3) At the other extreme, some families are not (4) at all, and family members do not help one another out or (5) reassign responsibilities as family circumstances change. Intolerance of differences Families (6) best when the individuality of each family member is acknowledged and appreciated. At the least, even if someone’s traits or characteristics are not highly (7) , each family member needs to tolerate these traits and respect that individual. Otherwise, children are likely to have a difficult time developing a healthy (8) , and they will have low self-esteem (自尊) and poor social skills. Over dependency on others Children cannot succeed without feeling (9) of successfully managing life’s stresses and challenges. If they are taught or encouraged to rely on others (within the family or outside it) to solve their problems, they will have limited (10) and have trouble succeeding in the world.
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体裁 说明文 词数 302 限时 10分钟
Jim Parsons is the new poster child for geek dom..
A. devoted B. profitable C. considered D. links E. outstanding F. success
G. threatened H. contact I. reported J. favorite K. worn
It is official: Jim Parsons is the new poster child for geek dom. The actor, who recently won his first Emmy for (1) lead actor in a comedy series for his portrayal of Sheldon Cooper on the hit television show The Big Bang Theory, is the hottest right now. Parsons is a big hit on the Internet as a trending topic on Twitter and has a(n) (2) fan base who spread their adoration via Face book and fan sites. Parsons is (3) by many to be a central part of the sleeper hit that has been The Big Bang Theory. The sitcom about two brilliant physicists and their groups of friends started to build buzz when it first appeared on CBS in 2007. Since then, the show has grown into a big (4) for the network, even ranking in fans abroad with its international distribution. In May, The New York Times (5) that Warner Bros, which produces and distributes the show, had entered into “what is believed to be one of the most (6) TV deals ever” with TBS and local Fox stations. Audiences just can’t seem to get enough of the character of Sheldon Cooper, who is as socially dysfunctional (功能失调的) as he is bright. Admirers take to Face book fan pages to post their (7) Sheldon quotes, including: “I’m not crazy, and my mother had me tested!” and “They were (8) by my intelligence and too stupid to know that’s why they hated me.” Fans can visit Jim Parsons Online, and there is even a site, Sheldon Shirts.com, dedicated to the many shirts (9) by the character, complete with (10) to where to buy them. Mary Waring created the site because of her husband’s interest in Sheldon Cooper’s shirts. And with his character’s nerdy character and addiction to all things Star Trek, Parsons is also a hit with fan boys and fan girls.
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