六年级小学英语阅读理解的解题技巧+练习题(答案解析)

（一）、阅读理解一般分为故事幽默类、说明、科普类等。

1故事幽默类一般前面都在为幽默做铺垫，只有读到最后才能显现出幽默之出来。 这类短文一般难度不大，认真阅读，仔细选择，问题都可以解决，如Write a Letter to Mary, A Dirty Boy, On the Bus 等

2小学的说明,科普类短文都十分浅显,只要具备一点科普常识都会读懂的,如,Time, the Spring Festival .等,即使文章较长,问题也十分明显，从文中都能找到答案. 同学可动手做做下题：根据短文内容选择答案.

1.Sam is very good at school, but he is not clean. His face and hands are often dirty. He washes them with water only. He does not use soap(肥皂).

Sam has an uncle. One day his uncle goes to see him. He looks at him and says, “Sam, I know what you ate for breakfast this morning.” “What?” Sam looks at his uncle and says.

“Eggs” says his uncle, “Your face and mouth tell me that.”

“You are wrong, uncle!”says Sam, “Not today or yesterday,but the day before yesterday(前天)!” ( )(1).Who is Sam?

A. He is English. B. He is a student. C He is a young pioneer. D He is a teacher. ( )(2) What’s the Chinese for “dirty”?

A. It’s “ 脏的“. B It’s “干净的” C It’s “坏的 “ D It’s “好的” ( )(3) What’s on Sam’s face and mouth? A Eggs. B Soap C Water D Bread ( )(4) Which of these is not wrong?

A Sam doesn’t wash his face and hands every day. B. The uncle thinks the boy ate eggs last morning. C Sam doesn’t like eggs at all. D. Sam doesn’t know his uncle. （二）、解题时有以下几种方法：

（1）略读法：关键是在能抓住文章要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅读，获得足够的信息以便准确地回答有关文章主旨和大意的问题。要特别注意文章首尾两段，第一段往往点明文章主题或作者意图，而最后一段则常常总结归纳或重述文章的主要内容。要学会寻找文章段落的主题句，因为把每段主题句的意思综合起来实际上就是全文的中心思想，文章的主题句也可能出现在段落中间或结尾。

（2）查阅法：考生可以不需要阅读整篇文章，而只需找出可能包含所需信息的部分，然后加以阅读就行。查阅法主要用于获得具体的信息，即谁、什么、什么时间、什么地点、什么原因以及如何发生等有关或者具体的数字。

（3）同义互释法：在小学升学考试中有些深层理解或者判断推理的问题可以采用同义互释法。

（4）判断推理法：有时4个题项中不止一个可以作为答案项，这时就应该意识到该题是一个判断推理题。要根据文章的主旨和作者的意图，选择比较，去伪存真，选出切合文章主旨和作者意图的最佳答案。

（三）、同学们在做阅读理解时应注意的问题有哪些？

１、弄清文章体裁，快速理解文章。对不同体裁的文章，要根据其体裁特点，运用不同的方法快速阅读，正确理解。记叙文一开始交待人物、时间、地点、事件，然后详细叙述原因。议论文中，作者先提论点，再加以分析，或举例论证，得出结论。说明文中，作者先提出说明对象，然后从时间、空间、用途、方法、步骤等不同侧面加以说明。

２、仔细研读首尾句，预测文中细节。小学升学考试英语文章往往隐去了标题，这给抓文章中心带来了困难。然而，英语的写作特点一般是按\"总-分-总\"这一思路来写的。因此，研读首、尾句，不但可以帮生抓住文章的内容，还可以揣测作者的态度、意图，从而进一步猜出作者着重要写的细节。

３、略读选答，带问阅读。做英语阅读理解题时，首先应浏览一遍所提问题及选项，然后带着这些问题有目的、有针对性地阅读文章。

４、联系生活常识，及早排除错误选项。阅读理解中四个选项，有时有一个或两个与常识或其他学科中所学的知识不相符。我们可先将其排队在阅读中对所剩下的选项进行筛选就容易多了。

5、解题前要仔细通读全文，遇到难解的词组和句子不要急躁，尽量根据上下文悟出其义，解题时要\"带着问题读查短文\"分析判断，整题解完后要认真复查。

6、注意不要改变自己的阅读习惯。有的考生先看题目后看文章，有的先看文章再看题目，你平时怎么练，考试就怎么做。临时改变自己的习惯效果往往不好。其次，看清楚题目是概括中心型还是推理判断性。概括某一段的中心时注意这一段的首句和尾句；推理判断题要注意题目问的是作者的态度，不是你的态度。 （四）、判断正误。

对于阅读试题中的判断正误题，相对比较简单，但学生的出错率仍然较大，究其原因，学生不懂判断的方法，通常是读完试题之后，凭着自己对阅读文章的大致印象判断。事实上判断试题与选择、填空的做题方法基本一致，仍需找出试题中的关键词，带着关键词，在文中寻找所需信息，然后仔细判断是否与文中信息一致，如一致则正确，，反之错误。试题：Mary is sick, Mother takes her to the doctor. 首先在试题中寻找关键词：Mary，sick, Mother，doctor.带着这些关键词，在文章中寻找。由于这是阅读文章的第一个试题，所以我们将答案定位于文章的首段，文中：Mother says: “Mary, Let’s go to the doctor for a check.” “Doctor?” says Mary, “I’m not sick, Why do I need to see the doctor?”此题与文中not sick信息不一致，所以不正确。最后一题：The doctor gives Mary a shot, It does not hurt at all.由于是最后一题，信息基本在文章的末断，我们只需将信息定位于文章的末断或上一试题信息之后，同样带着关键词shot寻找。文中 Mary takes a shot, It does not hurt much.试题中：not hurt at all与 not hurt much不相符，所以错误。 练习

阅读理解：根据短文内容选择合适的答案，将编号填在括号里 （1）

It is a sunny day this Sunday. I usually go shopping with my mother on Sunday. Sometimes I climb mountains. That’s fun. But not this Sunday. Because the weather report says it’s going to rain next Sunday. I can’t climb mountains in the rain. I can’t go shopping either. So I want to read books at home.

( ) 1 What is the weather like this Sunday?

A .It is Sunday. B .It is fine. C .It is rainy. ( ) 2 What do you do on Sunday?

A .I climb hills. B .I go hiking. C .I read books. ( ) 3 Can you climb mountains this Sunday? A .Yes, I can. B .No, I can’t. C .No, I’m not. ( ) 4 Do you go shopping on Sunday?

A .Yes, I am. B .Yes, I do. C .No, I’m not. ( ) 5 What do you want to do next Sunday?

A I want to read books. B I want to watch TV. C I want to go shopping. （2）

Mr Brown lives in a nice house in a small town with his wife(妻子) , Mrs Brown. From Monday to Friday he works in an office near his house. He is free on Saturdays and Sundays. He has a nice garden beside his house. He likes growing flowers and he often works in the garden on Saturdays and Sundays. The flowers are very beautiful and Mrs Brown likes them very much. She often helps Mr Brown.

( )1. Mr Brown lives in ______with his wife. A. a city B. a small town C. a big town

( )2. He works______ days a week in his office. A. four B. five C. six

( )3. He isn’t _______on Saturdays and Sundays. A. free B. busy C. happy

( )4. He likes ______ on Saturdays and Sundays.

A. working in his garden B. walking in his gardon C. looking at his garden ( )5. Mrs Brown _______ the flowers. A. like B. doesn’t like C. often helps （3）

One day Mr. and Mrs. White go shopping by car. They stop their car near a store. They buy a lot of things and they want to put the things in the car. But Mr. White can’t open the door of the car, so they ask a policeman to help them. The policeman is very friendly to help them. Just then a man comes up and shouts: “What are you doing with my car?” Mr. and Mrs. White take a look at the car’s number and they are frozen there. It isn’t their car. ( ) 1. Mr. and Mrs. White drive for ____. A. fishing B. shopping C. business ( ) 2. They stop their car ______.

A. at the parking spot B. near the sea C. near the store ( ) 3. They want to put the things ___.

A. in a big bag B. in their car C. in other’s car ( ) 4. Mr. White can’t open the car, so __________.

A. they walk home B. they ask a policeman to help C. they call a taxi 阅读理解：判断下列句子意思与短文意思是否相符，用“T”或“F”表示 （1）

Today is February 3rd. The weather is windy and cold. I get many cards today. They’re birthday cards. They’re from my friends. Can you guess why? I wear my new red coat and blue jeans.

They’re very pretty. My mother take me to the zoo.I can see many animals. I’m very happy today.

( ) 1.My birthday is February 3rd. ( ) 2.It’s windy and snowy today. ( ) 3.I can see many trees at the zoo. ( ) 4.I have a new coat. It’s blue. ( ) 5.I have many birthday cards. （2）

My name is Tom. My birthday is June 2nd. The weather is sunny and hot. It’s my favourite season. On my birthday, I usually have a birthday party. Sometimes we have a picnic. Tomorrow is my birthday. I am cleaning the room now. My mom is making a birthday cake for me. ( )1.Tom’s birthday is on Children’s Day. ( )2.It’s warm and sunny in summer. ( )3. Today is June 1st.

( )4. Tom’s mother can make a birthday cake.

( )5.Usually there is a birthday party on Tom’s birthday. （3）

Hello. My name is Millie. I’m thirteen years old. I’m a good boy. I often play volleyball so .I’m fit and healthy. For breakfast, I always have some bread and an egg and I drink a glass of orange juice. I sometimes have rice with fish and an apple for lunch. I really love apples, because “An apple a day keeps the doctor away（离开）”. In the evening, I sometimes have a glass of milk or a cup of green tea and some biscuits. For dinner, I often have soup, meat and vegetables. I like vegetables because they are fresh and healthy. They are good for me. Look at me! How tall and strong I am now!

( )1.Millie is 14 this year.

( )2.Millie likes football very much.

( )3.Millie often drinks orange juice for breakfast. ( )4.Millie likes apples because they’re healthy. ( )5.I often have vegetables for dinner.

二、阅读理解

2．阅读理解

It's Jimmy's birthday and he is 9 years old. He gets a lot of presents from his family and one of them is a big drum (鼓). His grandfather buys it for him.

Jimmy likes it very much. He plays with it every day and he often makes a terrible noise (令人讨厌的声音). His father works in the day and Jimmy is in bed when he gets home in the evening. So his father doesn't hear the noise.

But Mrs Black doesn't like the noise, so one morning she takes a knife and goes to Jimmy's room when he hits his drum. She says to him, “Hello! Jimmy. Do you know there is something very nice in your drum? Here is a knife. Please open the drum and let's find it.” （1）What does Jimmy get on his birthday?

A. He gets only one present from his family. B. He gets a lot of presents.

C. He gets a knife and a drum. D. He gets a drum from Mrs Black.

（2）Who gives Jimmy a drum?

A. His mother. B. His father. C. His father's friend. D. His grandfather. （3）When his father gets home in the evening, what does Jimmy do?

A. He hits his drum with his grandfather. B. He watches TV with Mrs Black.

C. He sleeps in bed. D. He does his homework with his grandfather. （4）What's the Chinese for “hits” in this passage (文章)?

A. 敲击 B. 拿着 C. 知道 D. 看见

（5）Why does Mrs. Black give Jimmy a knife?

A. Because she likes Jimmy's drum. B. Because she knows there is something in the drum.

C. Because she doesn't like the noise. D. Because she wants to know what is in the drum. 【答案】（1）B （2）D （3）C （4）A （5）C

【解析】【分析】大意：讲述吉姆生日收到礼物的的一些事情。

（1）根据He gets a lot of presents from his family.可知吉姆收到很多礼物，故选B。 （2）根据His grandfather buys it for him.可知爷爷给他买了一个鼓。故选D。

（3）根据 His father works in the day and Jimmy is in bed when he gets home in the evening. 可知他爸爸回家的时候，吉姆就睡着了，故选C。

（4）根据when he hits his drum 可知hits的意思是“敲击”，故选A。

（5）根据But Mrs Black doesn't like the noise可知布莱克夫人不喜欢这种声音，因此给他刀子，故选C。

【点评】考查对篇章的把握和细节的辨别能力。答题时，紧扣文章中的关键词，做出正确选择。

3．阅读理解阅读短文，选择合适的选项 It was Spring Festival again. The children were very excited(兴奋的). They got some presents from their parents. Mike's mother bought him a nice coat. His father gave him a football. Mike was very glad to have the football. He likes playing football very much. Wang Bing likes making model ships. His uncle and aunt went to the model shop to buy him a big model ship. He was very happy. （1）What festival was it?

A. Spring Festival. B. Christmas. C. Teachers' Day. D. Children's Day. （2）How many presents did the children get?

A. Three. B. Five. C. Four. D. Six.

（3）Who gave presents to the children?

A. Their friends. B. Their teachers. C. Their parents. D. Their parents and relatives. （4）What does Mike like?

A. He likes playing basketball. B. He likes playing football. C. He likes swimming. D. He likes making model ships. （5）Did Wang Bing get the model ship?

A. Yes, he did. B. No, he didn't. C. Yes, he was. D. No, he wasn't. 【答案】（1）A （2）A （3）D （4）B （5）A

【解析】【分析】该短文主要介绍春节来临时迈克和王兵的一些事情。 （1）细节阅读，根据 It was Spring Festival again. 得知是春节，故答案为：A.

（2）细节阅读，根据句子 Mike's mother bought him a nice coat. His father gave him a football. His uncle and aunt went to the model shop to buy him a big model ship.得知孩子们得到了三个礼物，故答案为：A.

（3）细节阅读，根据句子 Mike's mother bought him a nice coat. His father gave him a football. His uncle and aunt went to the model shop to buy him a big model ship. 得知他们的父母和亲戚给的礼物，故答案为：D.

（4）细节阅读，根据句子He likes playing football very much. 得知迈克喜欢踢足球，故答案为：B.

（5）细节阅读，根据句子His uncle and aunt went to the model shop to buy him a big model ship. 得知该问句做肯定回答，故答案为：A.

【点评】考查对篇章的把握和细节的辨别能力。答题时，紧扣文章中的关键词，做出正确选择。

4．阅读理解根据表格，完成句子

Glass Fish sea cows wood sand √ √ √ √ Desks and chair milk （1）What do we get from the sea? We get________from the sea． （2）What do we get from the________? We get glass from sand．

（3）What do________ ________ ________cows? We get________from________． （4）What do we use wood to do?

We use wood to make ________ ________ ________． 【答案】（1）fish

（2）sand

（3）we；get；from；milk；cows （4）desks；and；chairs

【解析】【分析】（1）题干中文：我们从海那里得到什么？ 我们从海那里得到……。根据表格可知 我们从海那里得到鱼。“鱼”的中文是“fish”，故答案为：fish

（2）题干中文：我们从……中得到什么？我们从沙子中获得玻璃。根据表格和答语可知问句为“我们从沙子中得到什么？”，“沙子”的英文是“sand”, 故答案为：sand

（3）题干中文：……奶牛……什么？我们从……得到……。根据（1）题干里的问句，（2）题干里的答语和表格可推知本题题干的完整中文为：我们（we）从（get）奶牛那里得到（from）什么？我们从奶牛（cows）得到牛奶（milk）。故答案为：①we ②get ③from ④milk ⑤cows

（4）我们用木头做什么？我们用木头制作……。根据表格可知我们从木头那里得到的是“desks and chairs”,故答案为：①desks ②and ③ chairs

【点评】本题考查合理分析表格和根据题干已有信息推知答案的能力。

5．阅读理解读短文并按要求完成相应任务

Today was the first day of the summer holiday．My friends and I went out together．We went swimming in the swimming pool．We swam for an hour．I did not swim well，but I enjoyed it very much．We had lunch in a fast—food restaurant．I had a sandwich and some orange juice．Alice had a hamburger．Jack had a lot of French fries and some cola．We went shopping in a supermarket．I bought a pink dress．Alice bought a pretty hat．Jack did not buy anything． We went home at 3 o'clock in the afternoon．We 、were tired，but we were happy． （1）写出短文中6个动词的一般过去式。 ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ （2） The children went to：________ ①the swimming pool ②the cinema ③a fast—food restaurant ④a supermarket （3）They：________

①had breakfast together ②swam for an hour ③had lunch together ④picked apples ⑤bought some fruit ⑥went shopping

【答案】（1）was；went；swam；did；enjoyed；had （2）①③④ （3）②③⑥

【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了暑假第一天，主人公和朋友一起出去玩的事情。 （1）从文章中找出was、went、swam、did、enjoyed、had， bought、were根据句子结构即可找出，选出六个即可。

（2）根据We went swimming in the swimming pool．We had lunch in a fast—food

restaurant．和We went shopping in a supermarket．看出他们去的三个地方，故答案为：①③④。

（3）根据We went swimming in the swimming pool．We had lunch in a fast—food restaurant．和We went shopping in a supermarket．找到他们所干的事情，故答案为：②③⑥。

【点评】此题主要考查学生的阅读理解能力，第一题考察对动词一般过去式的掌握，第二题，第三题考察对短文的理解程度，都能在文中找到对应的短语或句子，此类题目对的答案，一定要在文章中寻找，文章中一定会有依据。

6．阅读理解下面是Kitty一天的食谱，根据食谱回答问题。 breakfast: some milk, some bread and an egg lunch: an apple, some chicken and rice

dinner: a little fish, some vegetables and noodles （1）What did Kitty have for breakfast yesterday? （2）What did Kitty have for lunch yesterday?

（3）What did Kitty have for dinner yesterday?

【答案】（1）She had some milk, some bread and an egg for breakfast yesterday. （2）She had an apple, some chicken and rice for lunch yesterday. （3）She had a little fish, some vegetables and noodles for dinner yesterday. 【解析】【分析】文章大意：Kitty一天的食谱。

（1）句意：Kitty昨天早饭吃的什么？根据breakfast: some milk, some bread and an egg和时间词yesterday可知写出一般过去时的句子，主语用she代替，故答案为She had some milk, some bread and an egg for breakfast yesterday.

（2）Kitty昨天午饭吃的什么？根据lunch: an apple, some chicken and rice和时间词yesterday可知写出一般过去时的句子，主语用she代替，故答案为She had an apple, some chicken and rice for lunch yesterday.

（3）Kitty昨天晚饭吃的什么？根据dinner: a little fish, some vegetables and noodles和时间词yesterday可知写出一般过去时的句子，主语用she代替，故答案为She had a little fish, some vegetables and noodles for dinner yesterday.

【点评】考查阅读理解，浏览短文，理解大意，把握细节。注意时态。