Stunning ：urprising; amazing
Confronted：faced; met head on; dealt with
Gulf: Distance, difference Rift: Gap, break, disagreement Hungering for：desiring greatly; wanting
Social demographers: People who study human populations, especially patterns of birth, death, distribution.
Cohort: A group of people united by common interests Dotage: Mental infirmity as a consequence of old age. Encompass： include
Formative：important in forming a person’s personality
Preferences： those things one likes more than other possible choices Adept：skilled
Lay down the law：made the rules; told someone else how things must be done
Breath down my neck：putting pressure on me to do something; standing right behind me to make sure I am reaching my goal
Diversity ：Difference, usually concerning race or religion Realization：Understanding, insight, discovery
Generational： Of the same age, use to describe people in the same age Coincidence：Something that happened by accident, by chance. Resentment：Anger, unhappiness that stays with a person. Enmity ：Anger, prolonged hatred
Alliances ：Groups with common interests, close relationships Prosperity： Good fortune, wealth
Scarcity ：insufficient supply, not enough for something
Harmony： Agreement, happiness, feeling of good will and cooperation informative：Important in forming a person’s personality Pitted against：to set up in opposition to Anchored: secure firmly 课内其他单词：
P25-29：Explicitly： 明确的 kinship：亲属关系 ratings：收视率 province：部门 Exceed：超过 haunt：常去，常到 medallion：（装饰用的）圆形勋章 Clan： 宗族；集团 ancestral：祖先的 prevalent： 普遍的
descended：系出，是…的后裔 bustling：忙碌的 metropolis：主要都市 speculate：沉思，构思 clumsy=unwieldy：笨重 summit：首脑会晤
potentate：统治者，当权者 spoil： 战利品 rival：对手，敌手 infancy：幼年期 rhetoric：华丽的文辞
P31 tempo：行进的步调 vying：竞争的 symphony： 交响曲 optimism：乐观主义 Empowerment：授权 overlap：部分重叠 segregate：隔离的 hierarchy：等级制 Idiosyncratic：独特的，特质的 snarling：咆哮 mandatory：命令的，强迫的 Rep：棱纹平布 课后词汇
predominantly adv.卓越地 potent adj. 有力的
reign n. 优势 exasperating adj. 激怒人的 diminish v. 减少 patriotism n. 爱国精神 vicious adj.恶意的 diversity n. 差异
vent v. 发泄感情 profanity n. 咒骂 satire n. 讽刺 anecdote n.轶事，趣闻 taboo n. 禁忌 exhilarating adj. 爽快的 课后翻译：
1.a world championship gold 世锦赛金牌
2.threaten the future of the game 威胁此项运动的未来 3.push through a resolution 通过一项决议 4.diminish the fun of sport 减少运动的乐趣
5.the verbal weapons of wit, humor and satire 智慧、幽默、讽刺的语言武器 6.逻辑上有错误的论点 a vicious argument
7.降低竞争性 reduce the competitiveness 8.在公众论坛上 in public forums
9.传播恶性谣言 spread vicious rumors
10.世界范围内赛事的推广 promotion of the game worldwide
Unit3
词义解释：
mock：not real; imitation; false to drown out ：to cover up a sound to giggle ：to laugh nervously
adjustment ：a change (made in order to fit a new situation) to expose ：to allow to be seen or experienced. nitty-gritty：basic, fundamental trials and tribulations: problems
to strain: to weaken by force, to put pressure on alimony: money paid to a former wife or husband unsettling：disturbing
to endorse： to give support or approval
genetics：A branch of biology dealing with heredity.
predictive genetics：Relating to the future; saying what will happen biologically in the future. chronic： Long term; lasting over a long period of time. mutations：Variations; change in the normal state of things. predisposition： Tendency, inclination; likehood of occurring. promote： to assign to a higher position
insurance： Protection against possible harm; an arrangement by which a company gives
individuals financial protection against harm or disease.
workers’ compensation：money paid to a worker for injury suffered on the job or for illness
resulting from work.
discrimination：unfair treatment of people usually because of their race, religion, physical
handicap or other condition.
genome：The complete picture of genetic information about an individual.
prohibit： to forbid or prevent somebody from doing something
dismissing：sending someone away; firing someone from his or her job. eliminate：to do away with, to remove completely.
课内其他单词： P51
blazer外套 aisle 走廊 mock 模拟 giggle 咯咯地笑 tribulation 苦难 dwell 细想compute 计算
lease 租赁 prenatal产前的 postnatal分娩后的 strain拉紧 calamity 灾害 counselor顾问 alimony赡养费 inception开始 endorse认可 chasten惩罚 marital 婚姻的 P55
foster培养 predispose to 易于 genome基因组 era时代 frontier边境 P56
ethnic种族的 identical相同的 compile编辑 consortium财团，联合 journal杂志 poll民意调查 withhold抑制 lawsuit诉讼 compensation赔偿金 mutation变异utilize利用 legislation立法 P57
underclass 下层阶级 P63
peak 高峰 handicapped 残疾人 eligibility 资格 warranty 保证 imply 暗示liability 责任 P64
patron 赞助人 impairment 缺损；伤害
课后词汇
cheongsam旗袍 ridiculous荒谬的 bridegroom新郎 conservative保守的 matron已婚妇女 narcissistic自恋的 bachelor单身汉 deconstruction 解构
课后翻译：
symbolize good luck in a traditional Chinese wedding 在中国传统婚礼上象征好运 civil affairs authorities 民政局
dissatisfaction with reality 对现实不满 performance artist 行为艺术家 out of curiosity 出于好奇 人挤满了广场 Crowd the square
遵循中国古代婚礼的全部程序 Follow the full procedures of an ancient Chinese wedding 依次向每个客人敬酒 Toast to each of the guests in turn 顶多算个愤青 An angry Chinese youth at best 重新考虑异性婚姻 Reconsider opposite-sex marriage
Unit4——Grains of hope
P71
Pale :苍白的
Elated :兴高采烈的，高昂的 Rot : 腐烂
Tackle : 解决，处理
Technological : 技术的，工艺的 Crossbreed : 杂交 P72
Escalate : 升级，逐步增强 Hostility : 敌意，战争 Spray : 喷雾，喷射
Deficiency : 不足，缺乏 Peril : 危险度，风险 Allergen : 过敏原 Contaminant : 污染物 P73
Insecticide : 杀虫剂 Organic : 有机的
Entomologist : 昆虫学者 Monarch : 君主，帝王 Caterpillar : 毛虫 Minimal : 最小的
Corporate : 法人的，共同的 Pathologist : 病理学家 Yield: 产量 Mottle: 斑点
Ridiculous: 可笑的，荒谬的 P74
Ripened: 熟化，成熟 Herbicide: 除草剂 Liberate: 解放
Enslave: 奴役，束缚
Ridden: 缠身 ，充斥……的 P76
Resistant to: Unaffected by; not destroyed by Properties: Characteristics, traits. Drought: A long period with no rain
Starvation: Dying from lack of food, famine
Challenges: Problems, tests demanding tasks calling for special efforts Suspicious: Mistrustful, believing that something is probably bad.
Ecosystem: The interrelated community of all living things and their surroundings.
Transfer: to move from one place to another.
Pollen: Powder- and dust-like substance that allows flowers to reproduce. Allergens: Substances that cause an allergic reaction. Rot: to decay, or make sty.
Withstand: to be strong enough not to be hurt.
Contaminate: Make inferior or impure by mixing with sth else.
Poison: A substance that chemically kills or severely hurts plant or animal life.
Ecologists: Biologists who study the interrelationship of organisms and their environment. Web: Complex pattern, network.
Monitoring: Checking, making sure, ensuring. P77
1. Escalated: Increase, grown, expanded.
2. Protests: Speaking against something, complain objections public meetings called so people can argue strongly against something.
3. Insect pests: Insects that destroy plants, a destructive or troublesome insect. 4. Projected: Predicted, expected, and anticipated. 5. Proponents: Supporters, those who argue in favor . 6. Alarmed: Worried, concerned, and troubled.
7. Transgenic contaminants: Genetic material from another plant (making the seeds impure) 8. Weeds: Undesirable plants 课后词汇：
Earmark v. 指定……的用途 rejuvenation n. 复原; 恢复 Initiation n. 开始; 启蒙 hybrid n. 杂种; 混合物
Manure n. 肥料 genetically modified 转基因的 Backdrop n. 背景 unravel v. 解开
Appraise v. 评估 combustion n. 燃烧 Turbine n. 涡轮 cell n. 电池
Supercritical adj. (核) 超临界的 accelerator n. 加速器
subcritical adj. (核) 次临界的 malignant adj. 恶性的; 有害的 arrhythmia n. 心律失常 hepatitis n. 肝炎病 molecular adj. 分子的 magnesium n. (化) 镁 alloy n. 合金 titanium n. (化)钛
ore n. 矿; 矿石 yawning adj. 裂着大口 Microfluidics n. 微流体学 inversion n. 倒转; 倒置 课后翻译：
1.national rejuvenation through science and education 科教兴国 2.genetically-modified foods 转基因食品 3.energy preservation and reduction of pollution 节能减污 4.colored metal mineral resources 有色金属资源 5.anti-earthquake city infrastructure facilities 城市防震基础设施 6.杂交水稻 Hybrid crop 7.基因工程技术 Genetic engineering technology 8.内燃机 Internal combustion engine 9.综合风险评估体系 A comprehensive risk appraisal system
10.跨学科研究
Cross-disciplinary study
Unit 5
P94
Theorem n. 定理 p95
proportion n. 部份, 比例, 均衡, （复）规模 disgrace n. 耻辱
insufficient adj. 不足的 feedback n. 反馈, 反馈意见 p96
introductory adj. 介绍的, 引导的, 开端的
faculty n. （大学的）系或院, 全体教员, 才能, 能力 drill v. 练习, 钻孔, (军事)训练
fundamental adj. 基本的, 根本的, 重要的
mechanically adv. 机械地, 呆板地, 无意识地
plug n. 塞子, 插头, 推销, 火花塞, 口嚼烟 v. 塞, 堵, 宣传, 插上插头, 苦干 recognition n. 承认, 认出, 赏识 p97
blonde adj. 金发碧眼的, 白皙的, （头发）亚麻色的 ogles vt. 向...抛媚眼 n. 眉目传情
hose n. 水管, 橡皮软管, (复数)长统袜, 男士紧身裤 dowdy adj. 邋遢的, 寒酸的, 懒散的 porch n. 门廊
infant n. 婴儿, 幼儿 adj. 婴儿的, 初期的, 幼稚的 psychiatrist n. 精神病医师, 精神病学家
schizophrenic adj. 精神分裂症的n. 精神分裂症患者 psychosis n. 精神病, 精神不正常 associate adj. 副的, 共事的, 有联系的 mastery n. 精通, 掌握, 熟练, 控制 p98
subtle adj. 微妙的, 敏锐的, 不明显的, 精细的, 狡猾的 crucial adj. 决定性的, 关键的 newlyweds n. 新婚夫妇
trigger v. 使发生, 触发, 使运行
conclusive adj. 决定性的, 确实的, 结论性的 repress v. 抑制, 压抑, 镇压
suppress vt. 镇压, 隐瞒, 压制, 止住, 禁止
discharge v. 排出, 释放, 解雇, 放电, 解除, 清偿债务 sensation n. 感觉, 轰动, 激动, 知觉
respiratory adj. 呼吸的, 与呼吸有关的 convulsion n. 抽搐, 震动, 动乱 activate v. 激活, 使活动, 起动 euphoria n. 幸福愉快感
intersperse vt. 散布, 散置, 点缀 avert vt. 转开, 避免, 防止
integral adj. 完整的, 构成整体所必需的
disguise vt. 掩饰, 假装, 假扮 n. 伪装, 伪装物 butt n. 烟蒂, 屁股, 枪托 n. 笑柄, 靶垛n. 抵撞 momentary adj. 短暂的, 瞬间的, 刹那间的 anesthesia n. 麻醉, 麻木
compulsive adj. 极有趣的, 强迫的, 上瘾的, 难以抑制的 p99
foible n. 小缺点, 小毛病 n. 剑刃 p104
outdone adj. 被打败的, 被胜过的
vein n. 静脉, 纹理, 叶脉, 岩脉vt. 使有脉络, 用脉络装饰 prawn n. 对虾, 明虾
appall v. 使 ... 胆寒, 使 ... 惊骇 slimy adj. 黏滑的
bulging n. 膨胀, 凸出, 打气, 撑压内形法 plead v. 辩护, 恳求, 提出借口
wedge n. 楔子, 楔形物vt. 楔住, 嵌, 挤进 sponges 海绵动物
soak vt. 使浸透, 吸入, 浸洗, <俚>使喝醉, 敲竹杠vi. 浸泡, 渗透, 渗入, <俚>酗酒n. 浸, 湿透, <俚>酒鬼
fungus n. 真菌, 霉菌 squid n. 鱿鱼
crisscross v. 来回移动
clamor n. 喧嚷, 大声的要求
rumple n. 皱纹, 皱褶 v. 弄皱, 弄乱
platter n. 大浅盘, 一盘食物, 留声机唱片
murmur v. 低语, 发出连续轻柔的声音, 低声抱怨n. 低语, 连续轻柔的声音, 低声的抱怨, [医]心区杂音
grimace n. 面部的歪扭, 鬼脸, 痛苦的表情vi. 扮鬼脸, 作苦相 pluck v. 摘, 猛拉, 拔, 拨弹（乐器） n. 猛拉, 勇气, 动物内脏 belch v. 打嗝, 喷出
redden v. (使)变红, 脸红 burp n. 饱嗝儿 beige adj. 米黄色的
tweed n. 粗花呢, 花呢衣服
crush v. 压碎, 击败, 使...失望, 折皱, 压榨 n. 压碎, 压榨, 极度拥挤, <口>迷恋 课内单词：
Anxiety ：Worry, nervousness, tension To resent：To hate
Conscious：Aware, know what one is doing Tension：Nervousness, anxiety To disguise：To hide, to cover up
Butt: The object of joking or criticism Crucial: of extreme importance, critical
To suppress: To keep from appearing or being known.
Repress: To prevent unconscious ideas from reaching the level of consciousness Drive: Basic impulse or urge, desire
Discharge: To release, to get rid of to emit Trigger: To initiate an action
Cue: A stimulus that triggers a behavior Crisis: An emergency Integral: Essential, basic
Intersperse: To put among things, to interrupt Averts: To avoid, to miss Inhibit: To suppress, to hide Foibles: Weakness, fault
Ogle: To keep looking at with fondness or desire Dowdy: Not neat or fashionable 课后单词：
Self-timer n. 自拍装置 anonymous adj. 无名的 self-portrait n.自拍照 flaw n.缺点 budding adj. 萌芽的 consultant n. 顾问
narcissism n.自恋 gratification n. 满意 therapist n. 治疗专家 doctor v.修改，修饰 introverted adj. 内向的 pucker up 撅起 课后翻译：
A budding era of narcissism 自恋的萌芽时期 Reflect the real person’s physical flaws 反映真人的真实缺陷 Everyone is a narcissist, to varying degrees. 每个人都在不同程度上自恋 Feel less anonymous 感觉不那么默默无闻 Flattering self-portrait 比本人更美的自画像 流行手势 Popular gesture 时髦服饰 Stylish dress 撅起嘴 Pucker up one’s lips 获得称赞 Attain praise 竖起大拇指 Turn up one’s thumb
Unit6——the globalization of tourism
P123
Expenditure: 支出 Revenue: 收入 Trillion: 万亿
Facilitate: 促进，帮助 Reservation: 预订，预约
Dominance: 优势，统治，支配 Category: 分类
Utmost: 极限的
Dethrone: 废黜，罢免 Entry: 条目
The Russian Federation: 俄罗斯联邦 The Czech Republic: 捷克共和国 Privilege: 特权
Territory: 领土，版图，领域 课内其他单词: P119
Ritual：Any formal, customary observance or procedure, ceremony
paraphernalia ：Equipment, any collection of things used in some activity drawing：A lottery, the act of choosing a winner gravely：Seriously, soberly
soberly：Seriously, gravely, solemnly
murmur：A low, indistinct, continuous sound To discard：To throw away, abandon
To disengage：To release oneself, to get loose P120
Devote：To give
Stirred up：Moved, shocked, displaced Fade off：To slowly disappear or end shabbier：Older, more broken down To lapse：To fall away, to slip down Craned：Raised or moved Tapped：Hit lightly
consulted：Looked at, checked, referred to. P128
Unqualified：Definite, complete, absolute Income：Money, earning
Ecosystem：The interrelated community of plants and animals and bacteria that make up the earth Fragile：Easily damaged or broken threatens： Endangers, puts at risk
Trekkers：People who take a difficult, laborious trip Dilemma：Question, problem
Profit：Income, earning, monetary gain
Habitats:Places where plants or animals normally live Survival:Continued living, continued existence Thrive on ：Succeed/ grow/ do very wll Authentic：Real; genuine, true
Cumulative：taken all together, especially over time Disruptions： troubles, disturbances
Campaigns：organized, planned actions to bring about a specific result launched：Begun, started, introduced
Exponents：supporters, advocates , promoters, proponents
Initiative：Actions that is the first of its kind, first step
industrialization： the process of organizing something on a large scale as though it were an industry with interchangeable parts. P129
1.culprits：Problems, causes of problems
2. monuments：Buildings, statues, tombs that keep alive a memory 3. Notably：Especially, particularly
4. trampling：Destroying under foot, flattening, walking on 5.replicas：Copies, reproductions
6. awareness：Knowledge, consciousness 7. redressed：Addressed, fixed, put right
8. postindustrial：There are two meaning here. The more conventional meaning has to do with economic systems that have replaced manufacturing, based on advanced technology, especially information technology.
The author refers to another, related meaning, With possibility to focus beyond products and profits, the author hopes that a postindustrial system will focus on people and places.
课后词汇：
Humble adj. 卑下的；微贱的 Hinterland n. 内地；腹地 Heyday n. 全盛时期 convergence n.集中
Inimitable adj. 无法模仿的；独特的 ethos n. 民族精神；思潮；风气 Wily adj. 诡计多端的；狡猾的 comprador n. 买办 Coiffure v. 以头饰戴的 bristling adj. 竖立的
Barometer n. 晴雨表 counterpoise v. 使平衡；使均衡 typify v. 代表 cosmopolis n. 国际大都市 edifice n. 大厦；大建筑物 mosaic adj. 嵌花式的
mural n. 壁画；壁饰 illuminated adj. 以灯火装饰的 dignitary adj. 要人；权贵 pre-eminent adj. 卓越的；优秀的 epithet n. 绰号；称号 alley n. 小巷；胡同 课后翻译：
1.a barometer of political and economic change 政治和经济变化的晴雨表 2.veteran musicians 资深音乐家 3.vantage point 有力地位 4.the circular bus route 环城巴士线 5.haute cuisine 高级美味菜肴 6.深水港 a deepwater port 7.农业腹地 An agricultural hinterland 8.要人故居 the former residences of dignitaries 9.城隍庙 The Old City God Temple 10.预定热线 Reservation hotline
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