汉语原文：
一想到昨天遇见祥林嫂的事，也就使我不能安住。那是下午，我到镇的东头访过一个朋友，走出来，就在河边遇见她，而且见她瞪着的眼睛的视线，就知道明明是向我走来的。我这回在鲁镇所见的人们中，改变之大，可以说无过于她的了：五年前的花白的头发，即今已经全白，全不象四十上下的人，脸上瘦削不堪，黄中带黑，而且消尽了选前悲哀的神色，仿佛是木刻似；只有那眼珠间或一轮，还可以表示她是一个活物。她一手提着竹篮，内中一只破碗，空的；一手柱着一支比她更长的竹竿，下端开了裂，她分明已经纯乎是一个乞丐了。
我就站住，预备她来讨钱。
“你回来了?”她先这样问。
“是的.”
“这正好,你是识字的,又是出门人,见识得多,我正要问你一件事----”她那没有精采的眼睛忽然发光了。
我万料不到也却说也这样的话来，诧异的站着。
“就是----” 她走近两步,放低了声音,极秘密似的切切的说,“一个人死了之后，究竟有没有魂灵？”
参考译文
Besides, the very thought of my running into with Hsiang Lin’s wife the day before made me uncomfortable. It happened in the afternoon after I had paid visit to a friend in the eastern part of the town. As I came out I her by the river. The way she fixed her eyes on me I was well aware she meant to speak to me. Of all the acquaintances I had seen this time at Luchen none had changed more than she did: her hair, which used to streaked with white five years earlier, was now all white. As a result, she looked not in the least like someone in her forties. Her awfully bony face, dark in its sallowness, with its former sadness gone, looking as if carved out of wood. Only an occasional jerk of her eyeball indicated she was still a living creature. In one hand she carried a wicker basket, in which was a broken bowl, empty; in the other she held a bamboo pole longer than her height, split at the bottom: it was clear she had been reduced to a beggar.
I stood still, waiting for her to approach me and beg for money.
“you have come back?” she asked me first.
“yes.”
“that is good. You are a scholar, and have traveled too and have seen much of the world. I just want to ask you something.” Her lusterless/blank/dull eyes suddenly lit up.
I never expected she would talk to me in this way. So I stood there in bewilderment.
“My question is.” She drew/took two paces nearer, and whispered very confidentially: “After a person dies, will he turn into a ghost or not?”
汉语原文：
故院原为紫禁城，已有550年历史。据传最初是元朝在此建宫。1403年，明朝第三代永乐大帝决定迁都北京后又重新改建。宫殿所有廷柱和大梁的木料都是从云南、四川的山林中运来，前后用了20万民工，耗时13载才告峻工。这座皇宫在以后历代帝王手中进行了修缮和改建。现在的故宫就是过去的紫禁城，共有殿堂房屋9千余间，占地72万平方米，屹立在北京城中央的这些金碧辉煌，气势宏伟的建筑体现了中国劳动人民的聪明才智和创造力。
参考译文：
The Palace Museum is housed in the palaces of the former Forbidden City, which has a history of 550 years. The Yuan rulers are said to be the first to build their palaces in this location. In 1403 when the third Ming emperor, Yongle, decided to move his capital from Nanjing to Beijing, the former Yuan palaces were rebuilt on an entirely new plan. The timber used to build the huge columns and the beams came from the forests of Yunnan and Sichuan. The construction lasted 13 years, with 200,000 workers taking part in it. The imperial residence was constantly refurnished and rebuilt over the reigns that followed. The palace Museum, as the former Forbidden City is now called, has 9,000 halls and rooms covering an area of 720,000 square meters. Standing in the center of the city, these resplendent and magnificent buildings are evidence of the wisdom and talent of the laboring
people.
汉语原文：
科学就是探求真理。在探求真理的过程中，人们对客观规律的认识要经过艰苦曲折的过程。常常有这样的情形：由于研究的角度不同，掌握资料的差异，认识方法的不同，就会出现“横看成岭侧成峰，远近高低各不同”的情况，以至引起学术上的争论。因此，有作为的科学工作者都把反对的意见看作对自己的莫大的帮助，把对自己的批评当作最珍贵的友谊。正如歌德所说，“我们赞同的东西使我们处之泰然，我们反对的东西才使我们的思想获得丰产。”这都是因为，赞同的意见未必正确，反对的意见未必错误。退一步说，即使错误的反对意见，对自己的科学研究也是很有好处的。
参考译文：
Science means the exploration of truth. In the process of exploring truth, people will have to experience tremendous hardships and difficulties before they can come to understand the objective laws. It is often the case that the differences in the research perspectives, the materials mastered, and the ways of understanding would lead to totally different results—as we might say, “a mountain becomes a hill when viewed horizontally and a peak when viewed vertically, and it assumes totally different shapes when viewed from a short or a long distance, or from a high or a low position.” – and even lead to academic disputes. Therefore, an accomplished scientist would regard opposing arguments as his most tremendous benefit and take others’ criticism of him as the most precious friendship that he can ever obtain. In Gothe’s words, “We take for
granted what we are in favor of. However, only what we are opposed to can enrich our thoughts.” This is all because the approving opinions are not necessarily justified while the opposing arguments are not necessarily unfounded. To put it in the least way, even the opposing arguments that are mistaken will be immensely beneficial to one’s own scientific research.
白求恩同志是加拿大共产党员，五十多岁了，为了帮助中国的抗日战争，受加—美共派遣，不远万里来到中国，去年春上到延安，后来到五台山工作，不幸以身殉职。一个外国人毫无利己的动机，把中国人民的解放事业当作他自己的事业，这是什么精神？这是国际主义的精神，这是共产主义的精神，每一个中国共产党员都要学习这种精神，列宁主义认为：资本主义国家的无产阶级要拥护殖民地半殖民地人民的解放斗争，殖民地半殖民地的无产阶级要拥护资本主义国家的无产阶级的解放斗争。白求恩同志是实践了这一条列宁主义路线的。我们中国共产党员也要实践这条路线。
参考译文：
Comrade Norman Bethune, a member of the communist party of Canada, was in his 50’s when he was dispatched by the Communist Parties of Canada and the U.S. to China; He made light of travelling thousands of miles to help us in the War of resistance Against Japan. He arrived in Yen’an in the spring of last year, then went to work in the Wutai Mountains. To our great sorrow, died a martyr at his post. What kind of spirit is this that makes a foreigner selflessly adopt the cause of the Chinese people’s liberation as his own. It is the spirit of internationalism, the spirit of communism, from which every Chinese Communist must learn. Leninism teaches that the world revolution can only succeed if the proletariats of the
capitalist countries support the struggle for liberation of the colonial and semi-colonial peoples and vice versa. Bethune put this Lenist line into prctice. We the Chinese Communists must also follow this line in our practice.
汉语原文：
匆匆（节选）
燕子去了，有再来的时候；杨柳枯了，有再青的时候；桃花谢了，有再开的时候。但是，聪明的，你告诉我，我们的日子为什么一去不复返呢？——是有人偷了他们罢：那是谁？又藏在何处呢？是他们自己逃走了：现在又到了哪里呢？
我不知道他们给了我多少日子；但我的手确乎是渐渐空虚了。在默默里算着，八千多日子已经从我手中溜去；象针尖上一滴水滴在大海里，我的日子滴在时间的流里，没有声音也没有影子。我不禁汗涔涔而泪潸潸了。
去的尽管去了，来的尽管来着，去来的中间，又怎样的匆匆呢？早上我起来的时候，小屋里射进两三方斜斜的太阳。太阳他有脚啊，轻轻悄悄地挪移了；我也茫茫然跟着旋转。于是——洗手的时候，日子从水盆里过去；吃饭的时候，日子从饭碗里过去；默默时，便从凝然的双眼前过去。我觉察他去的匆匆了，伸出手遮挽时，他又从遮挽着的手边过去，天黑时，我躺在床上，他便伶伶俐俐地从我身边跨过，从我脚边飞去了。等我睁开眼和太阳再见，这算又溜走了一日。我掩着面叹息。但是新来的日子的影儿又开始在叹息里闪过了。
参考译文：
Rush
By Zhu Ziqing
Swallows may have gone, but there is a time of returning; willow trees may have died back, but there is a time of regreening; peach blossoms may have fallen, but they will bloom again. Now, you the wise, tell me, why should our days leave us, never to return? If they had been stolen by someone, who could it be? Where could he hide them? If they had made the escape themselves, then where could they stay at the moment?
I don't know how many days I have been given to spend, but I do feel my hands are getting empty. Taking stock silently, I find that more than eight thousand days have already slid away from me. Like a drop of water from the point of a needle disappearing into the ocean, my days are dripping into the stream of time, soundless, traceless. Already sweat is starting on my forehead, and tears welling up in my eyes.
Those that have gone have gone for good and those to come keep coming; yet in between, how swift is the shift, in such a rush? When I get up in the morning, the slanting sun marks its presence in my small room in two or three oblongs. The sun has feet, look, he is treading on, lightly and furtively; and I am caught, blankly, in his revolution. Thus--the day flows away through the sink when I wash my hands,
wears off in the bowl when I eat my meal, and passes away before my day-dreaming gaze as reflect in silence. I can feel his haste now, so I reach out my hands to hold him back, but he keeps flowing past my withholding hands. In the evening, as I lie in bed, he strides over my body, glides past my feet, in his agile way. The moment I open my eyes and meet the sun again, one whole day has gone. I bury my face in my hands and heave a sigh. But the new day begins to flash past in the sigh.
注意：本段原文许多描写“过去”的动词，在英文中都得到了细致入微的体现，值得认真体会。
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