虹口区2015年英语学科高考练习题
2015.4
第I卷 (共103分)
I. Listening（略）
II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A
Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent arid grammatically con-ect- For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of
the given word; for the other blanks, use one ward that best fits each blank.
(A)
How I Turned to Be Optimistic(乐观的)
I began to grow up that winter night when my parents and I were returning from my aunt's House, and my mother said that we (25) (leave) for America soon. We were on the bus then. I
was crying, and some people on the bus were turning around to look at me. I remember I could not bear the thought of never hearing again the radio program for school children to (26) I listened every morning.
I do not remember myself (27) (cry) for this reason again. In fact I think I cried very little when I was saying goodbye to my friends and relatives. When we were leaving I thought about
all the places I was going to see. The country I was leaving never to come back was hardly in my head then.
The four years that followed taught me the importance of optimism, but (28) idea did not come to me at once. For the first two years in New York I was really lost. I did not quite
know what I was or what I should be. Mother remarried, and things became even (29) (complex) for me. Some time passed before my stepfather and I got used to each orher. However,
my responsibilities in the family increased a lot since my English vas superior (30) anyone else's at home. I translated at interviews with immigration officers,and even discussed telephone bills with company representatives. From my experiences, I believe that my life will turn out all right (31) it is not that easy.
(B)
How Room Designs Affect Our Work and Feeling
Architects have long had the feeling that the place we live in can affect our thoughts, feeling
and behaviours. But now scientists are giving this feeling an empirical(实证的)basis. They are discovering how(32) (design) spaces that promote creativity, keep people focused, and lead to relaxation.
Researches show aspects of the physical environment can influence creativity. In 2012, Joan Meyers-Levy reported that the height of a room's ceiling affects (33) people think. Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more freely, (34) (lead) them to make more abstract connections. Low ceilings, on the other hand, may inspire a more
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detailed outlook. Besides ceiling height, the view (35) (afford) by a building may influence anoccupant's ability to concentrate.
Using nature to improve focus of attention ought to pay off academically, and
(36) seems to, according to a study. Students in classrooms with unblocked views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher scores on tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than did students (37) classrooms primarily overlooked roads and parking lots. Recent study on room lighting design suggests that dim light helps people loosen up.
(38) that is true generally, keeping the light low during dinner or at parties could increase relaxation.
So far public buildings (39) (focus) on by scientists. \"We have a very limited number of
studies, so we are almost looking at the problem through a straw(吸管),” architect David says. “How do you take answers to very specific questions and make broad use of them? That is (40) we are all struggling with.”
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be
used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. effect B. aggressively C. additional D. merely E. charged F. applied G. intended H. registered I. punishment J. slight K. offence Foreign drivers will have a pay on-the-spot fines of up to £900 for breaking the traffic law to be carried out next month.
If they do not have enough cash or a working credit card, their vehicles will be clamped(扣留)
until they pay--and they will face a(n) 41 fee of £80 for getting back their vehicles.
The law will also be 42 to British citizens. The fines will be described officially as \"deposits\" when the traffic laws take 43 , because the money would be returned if the driver
went to court and was found not guilty. In practice, very few foreign drivers are likely to return to Britain to deal with their cases.
Foreign drivers are rarely 44 because police cannot take action against them if they fail to appear in court. Instead, officers often 45 give warnings. Foreign vehicles are 30 percent
More likely to be in a crash than British-registered vehicles. The number of crashes caused by foreign vehicles rose by 47 percent between 2008 and 2013, There were almost 400 deaths and serious injuries and 3,000 46 injuries from accidents caused by foreign vehicles in 2013. The new law is partly 47 to settle the problem of foreign lorry drivers ignoring limits to weight and hours at the wheel. Foreign lorries are three times more likely to be in a crash than
British lorries. Recent spot checks found that three quarters of lorries that failed safety tests were 48 overseas. The standard deposit for a careless driving 49 --such as driving too close to the vehicle
front or reading a map at the wheel--will be £300. Foreign drivers will not get points as 50
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added to their licenses, while British drivers will.
III. Reading Comprehension Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
In any planning system, from the simplest budgeting to the most complex corporate planning, there is an annual process. This is partly due to the fact that firms _ 51__ their accounting on a yearly basis, but also because similar _ 52__ often occur in the market.
Usually, the larger the firm, the longer the planning takes. But 53 , planning for next year
may start nine months or more in advance, with various stages of evaluation leading to 54 of the complete plan three months before the start of the year.
Planning continues, however, throughout the year, since managers 55 progress against targets, while looking forward to the next year. What is happening now will 56 the objectives and plans for the future.
In today's business climate, as markets constantly change and become more difficult to 57 ,
some analysts believe that long-term planning is 58 . In some markets they may be right, as long as companies can build the sort of flexibility into their operations which allows them to 59 to any sudden changes.
Most firms, however, need to plan more than one year ahead in order to 60 .their long-term
goals. This may reflect the time it takes to commission and build a new production plant, or, in marketing 61 , it may be a question of how long it takes to research and launch a range of new products, and reach a certain 62 in the market. If, for example, it is going to take five years for a particular airline to become the 63 choice amongst business travelers on certain routes, the airline must plan for the various 64 involved.
Every one-year plan, therefore, must be 65 in relation to longer-term plans,and it should
contain die stages that are necessary to achieve the final goals. 51. A make up B carry out C bring about D put down 52. A patterns B guides C designs D distributions 53. A surprisingly B contrarily C equally D typically 54. A approval B permission C admiration D objection 55. A value B confirm C review D survey 56. A restore B promote C influence D maintain 57. A guess B advocate C recognize D predict 58. A pointless B meaningful C realistic D inevitable 59. A lead B respond C refer D contribute 60. A share B handle C develop D benefit 61. A expressions B descriptions C words D terms 62. A reputation B position C situation D direction 63. A reserved B selected C preferred D supposed
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64. A acts
65. A handed over
B steps
B left behind C means C made out D points D drawn up
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A)
My dad loved pennies, especially those with the elegant stalk(茎) of wheat curving around each side of the ONE CENT on the back. Those were the pennies he grew up with during the Depression.
As a kid, I would go for walks with Dad, spying coins along the way-a penny here, a dime(一角硬币) there. Whenever I picked up a penny, he'd ask, \"Is it a wheat?\" It always thrilled him when we found one of those special coins produced between 1909 and 1958, the year of my birth. One gray Sunday morning in winter, not long after my father's death in 2002, I was walking down Fifth Avenue, feeling bereft. I found myself in front of the church where Dad once worked. I was warmly shown in and led to a seat. Hearing Dad's favorite \"A Mighty Fortress Is Our God\I burst into tears. We'd sung that at his funeral.
After the service, I shook the pastor's(牧师) hand and stepped onto the sidewalk-and there was a
penny. I bent to pick it up, turned it over, and sure enough, it was a wheat. A 1944, a year my father was serving on a ship in the South Pacific.
That started it. Suddenly wheat pennies began turning up on the sidewalks of New York everywhere. I got most of the important years: his birth year, my mom's birth year, the year he graduated from college, the year he met my mom, the year they got married, the year my sister was born. But alas, no 1958 wheat penny-my year, the last year they were made.
The next Sunday, after the service, I was walking up Fifth Avenue and spotted a penny in the middle of a crossing. Oh, no, it was a busy street；cabs were speeding by-should I risk it? I just had to get it.
A wheat! But the penny was worn, and I couldn't read the date. On arriving home, I took out my
glasses and took it to the light. There was my birthday!
I found 21 wheat pennies on the streets of Manhattan in the year after my father died, and I don't think that's a coincidence.
66. The writer's father loved pennies with wheat because ________. A. when he first saw it, he began to love it B. when he saw the wheat, he thought of his time during the Depression C. when he was young, he had a lot of pennies with wheat D. when he was a child, he never got a coin with wheat 67. The underlined word \"bereft\"(in Para.3) means ________. A. protested B. disappointed C. grieved D. offended 68. Which of the following statements about the author is NOT true? A. He was born in 1958.
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B. He went to church because of his father. C. He once worked in a church. D. He knew the church well.
69. The best title for the passage would probably be ________. A. Pennies from Heaven B. My father's life story C. My father's hobby D. Living in New York
(B)
Do you want to get home from work knowing you have made a real difference in someone's life? If yes. don't care about sex or age! Come and join us, then you'll make it! Position: Volunteer Social Care Assistant (No Pay with Free Meals) Place: Manchester Hours: Part Time
We are now looking for volunteers to support people with learning disabilities to live active lives! Only 4 days left. Don't miss the chance of lending your warm hands to help others! Role:
You will provide people with learning disabilities with all aspects of their daily lives. You will help them to develop new skills. You will help them to protect their rights and their safety. But your primary concern is to let them know they are valued. Skills and Experience Required:
You will have the right values and great listening skills. You will be honest and patient. You will have the ability to drive a car and to communicate in fluent written and spoken English since you'll have to help those people with different learning disabilities. Previous care-related experience will be a great advantage for you. 70. What docs the underlined part mean?
A. You'll make others' lives more meaningful with this job. B. You'll arrive home just in time from this job. C. You'll earn a good salary from this job. D. You'll succeed in getting this job.
71. The volunteers' major responsibility is to help people with learning disabilities ______ . A. to get some financial support B. to properly protect themselves C. to learn some new living skills D. to realize their own importance 72. Which of the following can first be chosen as a volunteer? A. The one who can drive a car.
B. The one who has done similar work before. C. The one who has patience to listen to others. D. The one who can use English to communicate. 73. The text serves as a _______ .
A. a reminder to social workers B. an advertisement for helpers
C. a document on appealing for volunteers D. an introduction about a social care organization
(C)
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There are desert plants which survive the dry season in the form of inactive seeds. There are also desert insects which survive as inactive larvae (幼虫). In addition, difficult as it is to believe, there are desert fish which can survive through years of drought (干旱) in the form of inactive eggs. These are the shrimps (虾) that live in the Mojave Desert, an extremely dry place in the southwest of the United States where shade temperatures of over 50℃ are often recorded.
The eggs of the Mojave shrimps look like grains of sand both in size and appearance. When enough spring rain falls to form a lake, once every two to five years, these eggs hatch. Then the water is soon filled with millions of tiny shrimps about a millimetre long which feed on tiny plant and animal organisms (有机物）which also grow in the temporary desert lake. Within a week, the shrimps grow from their original 1 millimetre to a length of about 1.5 centimetres.
Throughout the time that the shrimps are rapidly maturing, the water in the lake equally rapidly evaporates(蒸发). Therefore, for the shrimps it is a race against time. By the twelfth day, however, when they are about 3 centimetre long, hundreds of tiny eggs form on the underbodies of the females. Usually by this time, all that remains of the lake is a large, muddy patch of wet soil. On the 13th day, the shrimps lay their eggs in the mud. Then, having ensured that their species will survive, the shrimps die as the last of the water evaporates.
If enough rain falls the next year to form another lake, the eggs hatch, and once again the shrimps pass rapidly through their cycle of growth, adulthood, egg-laying, and death. Some years there is not enough rain to form a lake: in this case, the eggs will remain dormant for another years, or even longer if necessary.
74. Which of the following is the MOST unique feature of Mojave shrimps? A. Their lives are brief. B. They feed on plant and animal organisms. C. Their eggs can survive years of drought. D. They lay their eggs in the mud. 75. What doe the underlined word “dormant” in the last paragraph most probably mean? A. Inactive. B. Sleeping. C. Safe. D. Dead. 76. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Appearance and size are the most important for life to survive in the desert. B. A species must be able to grow up quickly in order to survive. C. Shrimps are the only species with a life cycle of 13 days.
D. Some species develop a unique life pattern to survive in extremely hard condition. 77. What is the passage mainly about?
A.The life span of Mojave shrimps B. The survival of desert shrimps
C. The creatures living in the Mojave desert D. The importance of water to life in the desert
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.
The greatest recent social changes have been in the lives of women in America, or probably in the world.
During the twentieth century there has been a remarkable shortening of the proportion of a woman's life spent in caring for the children. A woman marrying at the end of the nineteenth century would probably have been in her middle twenties? And would be likely to have seven or
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eight children, of whom four or five lived till they were five years old. By the time the youngest was fifteen, the mother would have been in her early fifties and would expect to live a further twenty years, during which custom, opportunity and health made it unusual for her to get paid work. Today women marry younger and have fewer children. Usually a woman's youngest child will be fifteen when she is forty-five years and is likely to take paid work until retirement at sixty. Even while she has the care of children, her work is lightened by modern living conditions.
This important change in women's life-pattern has only recently begun to have its full effect on women's economic position. Even a few years ago most girls left school at the first opportunity, and most of them took a full-time job. However, when they married, they usually left work at once and never returned to it. Today the school leaving age is sixteen, many girls stay at school after that age, and though women tend to marry younger, more married women stay at work at least until shortly before their first child is born. Very many more afterwards return to full-or-part-time work.
Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage, with the husband accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfactions of family life, and with both husband and wife sharing more equally in providing the money, and running the home, according to the abilities and interests of each of them.
(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.) 78. At what age did most women get married in the late nineteenth century? ______________________________________________.
79. A women today can still take care of her children when doing paid work in their forties because of ______________________________________.
80. Of “such changes” today, one is that many more mothers _________________________ after their first child is born.
81. What are the factors that cause a couple to share economic and family affairs in an equal way? ______________________________________________.
第II卷 (共47分)
I. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the word or phrase given in the brackets.
82、据我所知，他们学校的面积是我们的两倍。（size.） 83、如果你忘记通知他面试时间了该怎么办。（what if）
84、在现代社会中，手机不仅是通讯工具，也是一种娱乐工具。（Not only…）
85、这位经济学家在调查中发现，有些人赚的越多，消费的欲望也更强烈。（the more…） 86、既然选手们已投入比赛，及时结果不尽如人意，你也别对其吹毛求疵了。（devote） II. Guided Writing
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Directions: Write an English composition in 120 - 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．
学生会正在评选新一届学生会主席，假设你是该校的学生李青，有意参加竞选。写一份自荐材料，材料必须包括以下内容：
1、 简述个人信息及你所具备的竞选条件（能力、性格、爱好等）。 2、 如果当选，请你用具体事例阐述你将会为本校学生做些什么？ 注意：自荐材料中不得使用你所在学校和你的真实名字。
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参考答案：
第Ⅰ卷
II Grammar and Vocabulary
25. would leave/be leaving/were leaving 26. which 27.crying 28. the 29. more complex 30. to 31. even though/if 32. to design 33. How 34. leading 35. afforded 36. it 37. whose 38. if 39.have been focused 40. what 41-50.CFAED JGHKI
51-65 BADAC CDABC DBCBD III. Reading Comprehension 66-69 BCCA 70-73 ADBB 74-77 CADB
78. in their middle twenties
79. her age and the lightened work 80. return to full or part-time job 81. Their abilities and interests 第Ⅱ卷
Translation：
82. As far as I know, the size of their school is twice that of ours. 83. What if you forget to inform him of the time for interview?
84．Not only are mobile phones a means of communication in modern society but also a means of entertainment.
85. The economist has found in the survey that the more some people earn, the more they want to buy.
86. Since the participants have devoted themselves to the match, you had better not find fault with the result even if is far from satisfactory.
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