U1

Task One Focusing on the Main Ideas

1 Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences according to the information contained in the listening passage.

1) In this monologue (独白) the speaker mainly talks about ________. A) stories about college life

B) the life of college freshmen C) carefree life of college students

D) differences between college and high school

2) According to the speaker, the freshman experience will ________. A) enable students to find true friendship B) leave a deep impression on every student

C) decide what a student can do in the future D) teach students the importance of responsibility

2 Read the following statements and then decide whether each of them is true or false based on the information contained in the listening passage. Write T for True and F for False in the space provided before each statement.

1) T Freshman experience is an unforgettable experience to college students.

2) F Students will feel just as comfortable in their first year at college as in their previous years when they were in high school or back at home.

3) T Students are able to find very good friends at college.

4) T Learning to be responsible for oneself at college is very important.

5) F Freshmen should not be concerned with their future careers.

(Students will be away from the comforts and friendships their home provided for them over the previous years.)

(During the freshman year, students may start thinking about their future. A certain professor, some ongoing school research programs, or a specific area of study, etc. could all be the factors that may influence students’ future careers.)

Task Two Zooming In on the Details

Listen to the recording again and fill in each of the blanks according to what you have heard.

1) The freshman year at college is, generally speaking, a time filled with anticipation , some anxiety, and wonderful discoveries .

2) The workload will be heavier and the major challenges of college work are a large amount of reading and writing and the short deadlines .

3) College Friendship will be among the most satisfying and long-term of one’s life. It’s always exciting to discover how wonderfully diverse college relationships can be.

4) Students should remember that they are at college with an anticipated mission : they shouldn’t waste time on meaningless things .

5) Going to college is not just to get a degree: it is to find out who you really are and what you are really made for .

Related Information.

Task One Discovering the Main Ideas

1 Write down the main idea of the following paragraphs in the space provided. 1) Para 2:

2) Para 3:

3) Para 4:

4) Para 5:

5) Para 6:

Top students attain academic excellence by mastering a few basic principles that others can easily learn. Top students learn to be organized.

Top students know how to schedule their time properly.

Top students are very serious about school and very active in class. Students benefit from group study.

2 Read the following statements and then decide whether each of them is true or false based on the information in the text. Write T for True and F for False in the space provided before each statement. 1) T Being bright does not necessarily make one a straight-A student.

2) T A top student knows how to balance between what is more important and what is less important.

3) F One student thinks that learning a new word while brushing his teeth helps him learn the new word best.

(The student does so in order to save time.)

4) T A messy student may waste a lot of time.

5) F Professors may concentrate more on the neatness of an assignment than on its content.

(The student who turns in neat work is a step closer to a high score.)

6) T Students benefit more from group study than from individual study.

7) F Pressure from parents is good for students.

(Encouragement rather than pressure from parents helps students a lot.)

3 Summarize the basic principles that top students master and apply in their studying and put them down in the space provided. Basic Principles That Top Students Master and Apply a. set priorities

b. study anywhere or everywhere c. study at one’s preferred time d. be consistent

Task Two Reading Between the Lines

Read the following sentences carefully and discuss in pairs what the author intends to say by the italicized parts.

1) … it is far more important for a student to know how to make the most of his or her innate abilities. (Para. 1)

Being bright doesn’t necessarily make a student a top student. What is of more importance is that he / she learns how to make the best use of the abilities that he / she is born with.

2) The students at the top of the class attain academic excellence by mastering a few basic principles that others can easily learn. (Para. 2)

Anyone can be a top student if he / she adopts some basic principles that are not difficult to learn.

3) According to one professor, the student who turns in neat work is already on the way to scoring an A. (Para. 5)

One professor said that the student who turns in a piece of neat work is likely to get a very good score.

Task Three Voicing Your Views

Work in groups of threes or fours and discuss the following questions.

1) Do you know any other secrets towards academic excellence besides those mentioned in Text A? If so, share them with your classmates.

Other possible secrets are:

find out the learning strategies that best suit oneself;

consult more references; do extra reading;

take a short break when tired; etc.

2) Which is more important to you on your way towards academic excellence, intelligence or diligence (勤奋刻苦)? Why do you think so?

Some students will opt for intelligence because some people hold that one can’t be a top student if he / she is not bright enough. Other students may say that diligent work always pays off.

3) Do you think parental influence is a very important factor in a child’s academic excellence? Why or why not?

Most people will say that good parental influence usually has positive effects on the children because parents are role models and first teachers of their children.

4) Do you often participate in group study? Why or why not?

People are sometimes divided on this question. Most people are positive towards group study because they learn better by discussing homework and problems together. Some may be negative toward group work, as they feel they are most efficient when studying alone. The attitude toward group work has been proven to be related to one’s personality.

Text B

Checking Your Vocabulary Word Detective

Play detective and find the required word or phrase in Text B according to the clues given. Then, make at least two sentences with each of the words or phrases you have found. The number of the paragraph in which the target word or phrase appears is given in brackets.

1) A verb meaning “to ask in payment”: (Para. 1) Write down the target word here: charge a. The shop doesn’t charge for delivery.

b. They charge a heavy tax on imported wine.

2) A noun meaning “a person of the same age, class, position, etc. as oneself”: (Para. 1)

Write down the target word here: peer

a. The opinions of his peers are more important to him than his parents’ ideas. b. Children tend to be influenced by peer pressure.

3) A phrase meaning “to arrive at a particular state or position”: (Para. 2) Write down the target phrase here: come to

a. The two brothers quickly came to blows during their quarrel.

b. All this sex and violence on the TV — what is the world coming to?

4) A noun meaning “an amount of money that a person, business, etc. borrows, especially from a bank”: (Para. 2)

Write down the target word here: loan

a. How soon do you have to pay off the loan? b. Jim took out a loan to pay for his car.

5) A noun meaning “the total produced when numbers, amounts, etc., are added together”: (Para. 2)

Write down the target word here: sum

a. I had to spend a large sum of money to have my damaged car repaired. b. The company was sold for an undisclosed sum.

6) An adjective meaning “involving the use of imagination to produce new and original ideas or things”: (Para. 9)

Write down the target word here: creative

a. A creative person has the ability to invent and develop original ideas, especially in the arts.

b. This job is so boring. I wish I could do something more creative.

7) A verb meaning “to make sb. feel it necessary to do sth., especially because of a sense of duty”: (Para. 10)

Write down the target word here: obligate

a. He felt obligated to visit his parents every weekend.

b. Do you feel obligated to see your teacher who is now in the hospital?

2 Match the words in Column A with the meanings in Column B. Put the corresponding letter in the blank after each word.

Column A Column B

1) project b a. difficult to deal with; not easy

2) unique e b. a piece of work that needs skill, effort, and careful planning

3) tough a c. being expected to happen at a particular time 4) due c d. (a feeling of) nervous anxiety, worry, or pressure 5) tension d e. being the only one of its type

6) solution f f. answer to a problem, question, difficulty

3 Rewrite each of the following sentences with a phrase that appears in Text B. Focus on the italicized parts. The number of the paragraph in which the target phrase appears is given in brackets.

1) Don’t worry. He might accept our suggestion if someone tries to influence him properly. (Para. 1)

2) He is studying French as the chief subject at the university. (Para. 9)

Don’t worry. He might accept our suggestion if someone works on him properly.

He is majoring in French at the university.

3) Sandra was determined to become a doctor and after 10 years her persistence (坚持不懈) became successful and profitable. (Para. 9)

Sandra was determined to become a doctor and after 10 years her persistence paid off.

4) Of course I admire her — in spite of everything, she is a great politician? (Para. 10)

Of course I admire her — after all, she is a great politician.

5) The story of Linda and Barbra in Text B is symptomatic of all the pressures combined. (Para. 13)

The story of Linda and Barbra in text B is symptomatic of all the pressures put together.

6) May I draw your attention to the fact that if we don’t leave now we shall miss the bus? (Para. 16)

May I point out that if we don’t leave now we shall miss the bus?

Checking Your Comprehension

1 Answer the following questions with the information contained in Text B.

1) What does the writer mean by “brutal economy”?

Para. 2 in the text provides the answer. Studying at college means a huge sum of money to pay for tuition, room and board, books and many other expenses. A student may have a loan of up to $5,000 when he graduates, and this same student has to work both part-time and full-time whenever possible at college.

2) Why are humanities courses not popular with parents?

Parents want to make sure that their children have a secure future and they don’t think that humanities subjects with no “practical” value will pay off.

3) What are the possible reactions of a student who suffers from peer pressure?

Examples of possible reactions include:

a. always thinking other students are brighter and study harder; b. studying at the library as late as possible; c. doing homework till early morning;

d. getting into a panic when exams are approaching and papers are due; e. getting sick and stuck;

f. oversleeping due to tiredness; and g. doing more than expected.

4) Who can help to free students from the pressures they suffer from?

Professors, parents, and friends can help to free students from the pressures they suffer from, but it is the students themselves who should relieve themselves of the pressures.

5) Explain in your own words why, according to the text, economic pressure is closely connected with parental pressure, and peer pressure with self-induced pressure.

a. Students normally find it hard to cope with different kinds of fees at college without parental help. However, when students do get financial help from their parents, they will feel obligated to follow their parents’ advice, sometimes against their own will, because after all, their parents are paying all their expenses at college.

b. When a student thinks that his / her peers are brighter and study harder, he / she will push himself / herself more, which will in turn induce more pressure on himself / herself.

2 Read the following statements and then decide whether each of them is true or false based on the information in the text. Write T for True and F for False in the space provided before each statement.

1) T Without parental help, a student may be expected to have a large loan to pay back after graduation.

2) F Many students dream of becoming dentists.

(Many students don’t want to take pre-medical courses. So they go off to their labs as if they were going to see a dentist.)

3) T Knowledge in the humanities can help create leaders in all general fields.

4) T Lawyers, doctors and businessmen usually earn more than most of other people.

5) F Students who finish an assignment up to requirements will be given the same credits as those who have done more.

3 Listed in the left column are the four pressures faced by college students and in the right column are causes or consequences linked to the pressures. Relate the causes or consequences to the types of pressure by following the example given. Some causes or consequences can be related to more than one type of pressure. Types of Pressure Causes or Consequences A. economic pressure a. loans to pay ( a, d ) b. taking some courses unwillingly B. parental pressure c. taking courses with “practical value” ( b, c ) d. heavy tuition fees, expenses on rooms and C. peer pressure books ( e, f, g ) e. thinking some fellow students are working D. self-induced pressure harder ( e, f, g ) f. staying in the library till very late

g. doing more work than required

4Read the following sentences carefully and discuss in pairs what the author intends to say by the italicized parts.

1) But there are no villains; only victims. (Para. 1)

(When most students are doing more than they are expected to, those who are doing normal work can be perceived as not doing well.)

Nobody is to blame for the pressures college students are suffering; all involved are victims.

2) They go off to their labs as if they were going to the dentist. (Para. 4)

Many students who are taking pre-medical courses don’t like this major at all.

3) They are caught in one of the oldest webs of love and duty and guilt. (Para. 9)

Parents and children are trapped in an age-old struggle between feelings of love, duty and guilt arising out of their different outlooks.

4) “Will I get everything done?” (Para. 13)

The student is totally worn out and has become suspicious of his / her own ability.

5) Pity the poor student who is still just doing the assignment. (Para. 15)

6) The tactic works, psychologically. (Para. 16)

The students who just fulfill what they are asked to do are put at a disadvantaged position.

Teachers are likely to give a higher credit to students who do more than expected.

Optional Classroom Activities

1 Sit in groups of threes or fours and discuss each of the following questions.

1) Do college students in China suffer from the same pressures mentioned in Text B? Are there any differences?

Most students perhaps will say “yes” to this question as the four kinds of pressure mentioned in the text are also felt by Chinese university students. The only significant difference, perhaps, lies in the fact that Chinese university students enjoy more financial support from their parents than their American counterparts.

2) What is your major? Who chose this major, you or your parents? Are you happy with your major so far? Give reasons.

Answers will vary depending on who the student is and what family background he or she comes from.

3) Are you working part time while being a full-time student? If so, why are you working part time? If not, do you think it’s good to work part time while being a full-time student?

2 Sit in groups and discuss with your classmates the learning methods effective in achieving academic excellence you agree with. Write down your answers in the space provided in the following table.

Learning Methods Effective in Achieving Academic Excellence

Some students in China are working part time while being full-time students. Some work because they need money to cover their expenses at college; some work because they think working experience is important for them.

a. master and apply basic principles b. be organized

c. schedule one’s time

d. treat every assignment seriously and participate in class e. join in group study

f. do supplementary readings

…

3 Learning styles are different from person to person. Some people prefer to study individually while others prefer to study collaboratively (合作地), that is, in a group. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each? Discuss this question in groups and put down your answers in the space provided. Advantages of Studying Disadvantages of Studying Individually Individually a. better concentration a. with no one to share ideas and ask b. at one’s own pace questions c. can study any time and anywhere b. may feel bored sometimes … c.

…

Advantages of Studying Disadvantages of Studying Collaboratively Collaboratively

a. discuss problems together and hence a. possible distractions achieve better understanding b. may not be time-effective b. enjoyable to work with someone else sometimes c. c. … …

Enhance Your Language Awareness Words in Action

2 In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary.

1) Rules and regulations should be strictly followed; no one is supposed to compromise on safety standards.

2) She can’t blame others. She must pay for her self-induced blindness.

3) He steered the boat carefully between the rocks.

4) An examiner must have some knowledge in testing; otherwise he cannot frame his questions clearly.

5) His last remark demonstrated his lack of knowledge on this subject.

6) Finally the police had to employ force to break up the crowd.

7) He claims that the new teaching approach helps to promote students’ creative ability.

8) The teachers were most impressed by your performance in the exam. You scored 98 marks whereas most of your classmates failed.

9) Among all the workers interviewed every one agreed that Martin had made an important contribution to the company’s success.

10) I know you did it deliberately , just to annoy me.

11) We should try our best to help those who are in financial difficulty and cannot pay their tuition fees on time.

12) The fast economic growth of our country has attracted the attention of many economists (经济学家), who all think that it is a miracle.

3 In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.

1) Being a mother of two young kids, Sarah always makes a point of spending as much time as she can with them.

2) I looked up the word in the dictionary to refresh my memory of its exact meaning.

3) The chairman warned yesterday that a pay rise for teachers would lead to job cuts.

4) Realizing that his retirement (退休) was near at hand , he looked for some additional income.

5) The famous actor keeps fit by working out for an hour every morning.

6) She is constantly under pressure and it is affecting her health.

7) Last but not least, I would like to thank all the people who have given us unselfish assistance throughout these years.

8) We’ve been trying to get back to you, Tom, but we think we took your number down incorrectly.

9) In addition to giving a general introduction to computer science, the course also provides practical experience.

10) All the students were involved in making costumes and scenery for the show.

11) It was a perfectly ordinary day; in other words, I went to work and came home as usual.

12) Critics pointed out that the prince, on his income, should be paying tax.

13) Don’t say it is profitless to do this. The effort will pay off in the long run.

4 Fill in the blanks with words listed in the box below. Change the form where necessary. Then rearrange the given letters to form two words related to college life and complete the final sentence with the two words.

1) All the students in my class s c o r e d well in the quiz this time.

2) The meeting is s c h e d u l e d for Thursday.

3) I’ve been a s s i g n e d the job of looking after the new students.

4) We’ve got to try and m o t i v a t e our salesmen.

5) The success of this experiment is c r u c i a l to the project as a whole.

6) New efforts are needed to p r o m o t e the cause of world peace.

7) Our team p e r f o r m e d very well in the match yesterday.

8) How to solve this problem is still a matter of d e b a t e.

9) I s c a n n e d the list of the names to see if hers was on it.

10) They d e v i s e d a plan for getting the jewels out of the country.

11) He a d v o c a t e d a reduction in military spending at yesterday’s conference.

12) Will you c l a r i f y that statement you made just now?

13) You must learn to set your p r i o r i t i e s in life.

14) He asked more than I was willing to pay, but finally we c o m p r o m i s e d on a price.

15) The report should be considered within its social c o n t e x t.

16) She u n d e r t o o k all the responsibilities for the changes that had been made.

Final sentence: Achieving a c a d e m i ce x c e l l e n c e is a very important part of college life.

Increasing Your Word Power

1 The same word can perform different roles and functions as different parts of speech. Listed in the box below are some of these words. Complete the following sentences with the words in the box. Make sure that your sentences are grammatically correct. 1) The Nile is one of the principal / major rivers of Africa.

2) Your story is a great one, but I think I can top yours with an even funnier one.

3) My friend Mary is a psychology major at Stanford University.

4) William has always been a hardworking student. It is no wonder he came out top in the exam again.

5) Mr. Williams is retiring at the end of this year; he has been the principal of this school for 20 years.

6) What did you major in at college, computer science or accounting?

7) I haven’t got time to work on the report yet. My schedule is really tight for this week.

8) Many people advocate / have advocated a reduction in college tuition fees.

9) He started at the bottom and worked his way out to the top.

10) This scientist claims that he has found a new approach to cancer treatment.

11) Don’t blame me if it doesn’t work — it’s not my fault.

12) Shipbuilding used to be of the major / principal industries of this city.

13) He was a strong advocate of free market policies.

14) The railway station is trying to schedule another early train to the capital city of the province.

15) The judge put the blame for the accident on the driver of the car.

16) Most students will get nervous when final exams are approaching.

17) He says that he made his statement to the police under pressure, and that the statement is false.

18) She slowed down her pace so I could keep up with her.

19) The Government should not be pressured into making hasty decisions.

20) We have a lot to do today, so pace yourself, or you’ll get very tired.

2In this unit there are many words and phrases that are similar in meaning. Find out those pairs of words and phrases and put them down in the space provided.

Words and phrases that are similar in meaning:

reveal

tentative (questions) achieve super-achiever steer toward be caught

3In this unit the verb set is collocated with priorities, timetables, and standards. Try to fill in as many nouns as possible that can go with set in the space provided. If you are not sure of some collocations, consult a dictionary. Then make sentences of your own using the collocations in the space provided.

set priorities / timetables / standards / an exam / an alarm / an example / a disclose

possible (questions) attain

straight-A student point toward be trapped

price /a record / limits

1) Who is going to set (the questions for) the exam this time?

2) She forgot to set her alarm last night: that was why she overslept.

3) Her heroic behavior sets a good example for us to follow.

4) We had to compromise and finally the price was set at $1,000.

5) We were all pleased to know that Liu Xiang had set a world record in the 110-meter hurdles.

6) The government has set strict limits on pay increases.

4 Did you notice the suffixes -ion, -ation, -ly in words such as education, expectation, deliberately in this unit? The suffixes -ion, -ation can be put after many verbs to form nouns, and -ly can be added to many adjectives to form adverbs. Listed in the box below are some nouns and adverbs with suffixes -ion, -ation, -ly you have come across in this unit. Write down their corresponding verb and adjective forms in the space provided. Nouns with Verbs Adverbs with Adjectives -ion/ation -ly anticipation anticipate concisely concise association contribution edition expectation frustration participation revision

associate contribute edit expect frustrate participate revise

deliberately effectively equally immediately presumably psychologically ultimately

deliberate effective equal immediate presumable psychological ultimate

Task 1: Complete each of the following sentences with a proper noun with suffixes -ion, -ation listed above.

1) The dictionary sold well, so the publisher soon printed a second edition.

2) This book had five revisions before it was actually published.

3) Albert Einstein’s most notable contribution to the world is his Theory of Relativity.

4) People are buying extra groceries in anticipation of heavy snowstorms.

5) She couldn’t stand the frustration of not being able to save her husband from the fire.

6) They want greater participation in the decision-making process.

7) Our long association with that company has brought great benefits to both sides.

8) I usually enjoy his films, but this latest one didn’t come up to my expectations.

Task 2: Correct the mistakes in the following paragraph, paying special attention to the use of adjectives and adverbs. Underline the mistakes and write down your corrections in the space below. If you think there is no mistake, write “No Mistake”.

1 My sister is learning French as her second foreign language in her university.

2 She finds a second foreign language is very useful, especial in today’s world

3 where people from different countries find it necessarily to communicate

4 frequent with each other. She spends about two hours every day, practising

5 French pronunciation and reading one or two short stories. She often says

6 that she finds French words easily to remember because many of the words

7 in French are similar to their English equivalents in spelling. Though

8 she is a quiet girl and likes to do individually study, she always

9 finds as much chances as she can to speak French to her classmates, who

10 also think it high enjoyable to conquer a new language. My sister is

11 interested in French movies and French songs, too. It is apparently that she is

12 making remarkably progress. Last night she claimed to the whole family

13 that she would probable go to France to study after her graduation. I think

14 she meant every word of it.

1) No mistake 2) especially 3) necessary 4) frequently 5) No mistake 6) easy 7) No mistake 8) individual 9) many 10) highly 11) apparent 12) remarkable 13) probably 14) No mistake

Grammar in Context

Task 1: Decide which one is correct by crossing out the wrong one. 1) People go to university / the university to increase their knowledge.

People go to university to increase their knowledge. The family were at table when the telephone rang.

2) The family were at the table / at table when the telephone rang.

3) There is Jack Robinson / a Jack Robinson waiting to see you in the hall.

There is a Jack Robinson waiting to see you in the hall.

4) We are striving for a world / the world with no poverty, no hurt and no hatred.

We are striving for a world with no poverty, no hurt and no hatred. The Olympic Games for 2016 will be held in Rio de Janeiro.

5) The Olympic Games / Olympic Games for 2016 will be held in Rio de Janeiro.

Task 2: Insert an appropriate article in each blank, using Ø to stand for ZERO article:

When your personal wealth is greater than (1) the gross domestic product of a small European country, finding (2) an incentive (动机) to get out of (3) Ø bed on (4) a chilly Monday morning in Seattle is never going to be easy. So it’s perhaps no great surprise that Bill Gates, (5) the world’s richest man, has decided to walk away from his day-to-day involvement with Microsoft, and use his full attention to oversee how (6) the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation spends its £16 billion on philanthropy (慈善).

Ever since (7) the industrial revolution, wealthy self-made businessmen and women have felt (8) a calling to create (9) a legacy (遗赠；遗产) that goes beyond (10) a profit and loss sheet. The saying “He, who dies rich, dies disgraced” runs deeply through (11) the business community.

Out of all (12) the great philanthropists, the career path of Bill Gates appears to be (13) Ø closest to that of (14) the oil millionaire John Rockefeller, (15) the founder of Standard Oil — (16) a company that eventually evolved into (17) Ø ExxonMobil. Both were self-made men and both became (18) the richest men on (19) the planet. Rockefeller was in his late fifties when he turned his attention full time to philanthropy. Now Gates follows suit in his early fifties. “It was (20) a hard decision for me,” he said recently. “I’m very lucky to have two passions that I feel are so important and so challenging.” “With great wealth comes great responsibility.” He adds.

Cloze

Complete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given.

How can students do well at school? Are straight-A students always those who are the brightest? Students are very interested in getting answers to questions like these as achieving academic (1) excellence is, and will always be, one of their top priorities (2) at school. A professor of education who has recently conducted (3) a survey on the subject revealed that top grades do not always go to the brightest students. When some basic principles (4) are followed, everyone can become a top student. To begin (5) with, study should always be the number one priority (6)for a student. Study time is always guaranteed(保证) and should never be compromised (7) for personal recreation such as movies, TV programs or snacks. In addition (8), learning to be organized is very important. Keeping everything in its place and filing (9) class notes in order are two good examples. Speaking (10) up in class and asking questions is another winning formula (11). A student can clarify any doubts by asking questions. Participation / Participating (12) in group study is another help. By framing tentative test questions based (13) on class notes, students can help each other prepare for tests. Last but not least (14), always hand in neat work. A student who turns in neat work is already on the way (15) to scoring an A. A student may suffer from different kinds of pressure (16) at school, but if he follows these principles in his studies, sooner or later he will become a top student.

Translation

Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets.

1) 法官要求记者不要公开受害人的姓名。(disclose)

The judge asked the reporters not to disclose the name of the victim.

2) 老师费尽苦心务使我们全都理解他说的话。(take pains to do sth.)

3) 最近学校在学业优秀的学生中进行了一项调查。(conduct, attain)

The teacher took pains to make sure that we all understood what he said. Recently the school conducted a survey among those students who have attained academic excellence.

4) 他说他要接受这份工作，我们要求他写封信证实。(confirm)

He said he would accept the job, so we have asked him to confirm his acceptance by writing us a letter.

5) 乔治学习很努力，他要尽量利用学习的机会。(make the most of)

George studies very hard. He wants to make the most of his chance to learn.

6) 我们不能去。第一，天太冷。另外，我们正忙着。(to begin with)

We can’t go. To begin with, it’s too cold. Besides, we’re busy.

7) 该是有人公开讲清楚这些基本事实的时候了。(speak up)

It’s about time that someone spoke up for these basic truths / facts.

8) 此时此刻你应该工作而不该在床上躺着。(instead of)

9) 他发言时，我要记些笔记。(jot down)

You should be working instead of lying there in bed at this time of the day. I’ll jot down some notes while he’s speaking.

10) 我自己无法提起这个箱子，它太重了。(on one’s own)

I can’t carry the suitcase on my own; it’s too heavy.