Obama said he was \"surprised\" and \"deeply humbled\" by the award. He stated that he does not feel he deserved the award, and that he did not feel worthy of the company the award would place him in. In remarks given at the White House Rose Garden on the day of the announcement, Obama stated, \"I do not view it as a recognition of my own accomplishments but rather an affirmation of American leadership on behalf of aspirations held by people in all nations.”
\"Throughout history, the Nobel Peace Prize has not just been used to honor specific achievement; it's also been used as a means to give momentum to a set of causes,\" Obama said. \"And that is why I will accept this award as a call to action — a call for all nations to confront the common challenges of the 21st century.\" He said those common challenges included the goal of eliminating nuclear weapons (which he said might not occur in his lifetime), nuclear proliferation, climate change, tolerance \"among people of different faiths and races and religions\security for Israelis and Palestinians, better social conditions for the world's poor, including \"the ability to get an education and make a decent living; the security that you won't have to live in fear of disease or violence without hope for the future\". The United States, he said, is \"a country that's responsible for ending a war and working in another theater to confront a ruthless adversary that directly threatens the American people and our allies\".
The award, he said, \"must be shared with everyone who strives for justice and dignity — for the young woman who marches silently in the streets on behalf of her right to be heard even in the face of beatings and bullets; for the leader imprisoned in her own home because she refuses to abandon
her commitment to democracy; for the soldier who sacrificed through tour after tour of duty on behalf of someone half a world away; and for all those men and women across the world who sacrifice their safety and their freedom and sometime their lives for the cause of peace.\"He did not take questions from reporters after giving his statement.
中文参考（不对照）
获奖原因
挪威诺贝尔委员会决定将2009年诺贝尔和平奖授予美国总统巴拉克·奥巴马，以表彰他为增进国际外交和人民之间合作所作出的非凡努力。诺贝尔委员会尤其强调他的无核世界理念和他为此所做的工作。
奥巴马总统改变了国际政治气候，多边外交重回舞台中心，联合国和其他国际组织的作用得到了充分重视。在最难解决的国际纷争上，奥巴马认为对话和谈判是较好的解决方法。奥巴马对无核化世界的远见，大力推动了裁军及武器控制的谈判。有赖奥巴马的推动，美国现在在对抗全球暖化上扮演了更具建设性的角色。他也致力于增进民主及改善人权。
很少能有人像奥巴马这样吸引全世界的目光并给予人们对美好未来的希望，他的外交理念建立在世界上绝大多数人认同的价值观和理念的基础上。
108年以来，挪威诺贝尔委员会一直致力于促进的正是奥巴马在国际政策中所持有的这种态度，委员会非常赞同奥巴马所说的一句话，现在是我们大家为迎接全球共同的挑战、承担各自责任的时刻了。 各界反应 奥巴马
据法新社报道，当诺贝尔委员会宣布其获奖消息时，奥巴马本人还在熟睡。获悉奥巴马获奖，白宫发言人罗伯特·吉布斯于美国时间9日凌晨第一时间打电话通知“上司”，告知他这一信息。奥巴马表示，他对诺贝尔委员会的决定感到意外和受宠若惊。9日上午11时，奥巴马在白宫玫瑰园举行新闻发布会，他在发布会上说：“我认为这是对美国领导地位的认可，而不是对我个人成就的肯定。我将把此次获奖视作是对我接下来行动的鞭策。”
奥巴马将于12月10日在挪威首都奥斯陆参加颁奖仪式，接受1000万瑞典克朗奖金（约合140万美元）。他表示会将全额奖金捐给慈善团体。
2.09年诺贝尔文学奖获得者----赫塔·米勒
2009 Awards
The Swedish Academy awarded the 2009 Nobel Prize in Literature to Müller \"who, with the concentration of poetry and the frankness of prose, depicts the landscape of the dispossessed.\". The spokesman of the Swedish Academy compared Müllers style and her use of German as a minority language with Franz Kafka and pointed out the influence of Kafka on Müller. The award coincided with the 20th anniversary of the fall of communism. Michael Krüger, head of Müller's publishing house, stated: \"By giving the award to Herta Müller, who grew up in a German-speaking minority in Romania, the committee has recognized an author who refuses to let the inhumane side of life under communism be forgotten\"
Influences
Although Müller has not publicly spoken at length on specific people or books that have influenced her on a literary level, she has attributed her roots to other sources, the most prominent of these being her university studies in German and Romanian literature. When comparing the two languages, she noted that a simple concept such as a falling star can be interpreted so differently. \"We’re not only speaking about different words, but about different worlds. [For example] Romanians see a falling star and say that someone has died, with the Germans you make a wish when you see
the falling star.\" Müller also went on to say that Romanian folk music holds a special place in her heart. \"When I first heard Maria Tanase she sounded incredible to me, it was for the first time that I really felt what folklore meant. Romanian folk music is connected to existence in a very meaningful way.\"
Another strong source of influence has been Müller's husband, Richard Wagner. Their lives hold remarkable parallels: both grew up in Romania as members of the Banat Swabian ethnic group and enrolled in German and Romanian literary studies at Timişoara University. Upon graduating, they worked as German language teachers, and were members of Aktionsgruppe Banat, a literary society that fought for freedom of speech. Like his wife, Wagner is also a published novelist and essayist.
Müller's involvement with Aktionsgruppe Banat has also influenced the boldness with which she writes,despite the threats and trouble generated by the Romanian secret police. Although her books are fictional, they are based on real people and
experiences. Her 1996 novel, The Land of Green Plums was written after the deaths of two friends, in which Müller suspected the involvement of the secret police, and one of its characters was based on a close friend from Aktionsgruppe Banat.
中文参照
赫塔·米勒（Herta Müller，1953年8月17日－）生于罗马尼亚，德国小说家、诗人、散文家，2009年诺贝尔文学奖获得者。她以写作德裔罗马尼亚人在苏俄时的遭遇著称，从记忆、梦与内心出发。诺贝尔文学奖评审委员会称其“以詩的凝鍊，散文的率直，描繪流離失所者的處境”。
赫塔·米勒出生于罗马尼亚蒂米什縣的德语城镇Niţchidorf，其父母都是罗马尼亚的施瓦本（德国裔）农民。她的父亲曾在二战中参加了德国党卫军。罗马尼亚共产党在1945年以后把她的母亲驱逐到了苏联的劳工营。1973年至1976年，米勒在蒂米什瓦拉西部大学专修德国研究与罗马尼亚文学。1976年，开始进入一家工程公司当翻译员，但1979年时因不愿与当时罗马尼亚共产党政权的秘密警察合作而被开除。此后曾以当幼教老师及經營德语私塾为生。当时在罗马尼亚，几乎所有作品都必须经审查删选后才能出版。1982年，她的第一本书《低地》也因批判现实而只能已删节版发表。
由于她多次对罗马尼亚政府提出批评，并且担心秘密警察的侵扰，1987年，米勒与她当时的丈夫、小说家理查德·瓦格纳离开罗马尼亚移居德国。之后，作为一位曾经生活在罗马尼亚的德国作家，她得到了一系列国内外大学讲学的机会。2005年，米勒成为柏林自由大学的客座教授，现居柏林。
2009年，通过罗伯特-博世基金会的奖学金资助，米勒的小说《荡气回肠》获德国书籍奖提名，并入选最后的6本最佳小说。该小说描述了一个年轻人被流放到俄罗斯的旅程和生活，这也映射了二战后德国人在罗马尼亚特兰西瓦尼亚地区的命运。作为小说的原型，米勒曾采访并记录下奥斯卡-帕斯蒂尔的一些亲身经历。帕斯蒂尔是一名词作者，诗人，曾获布什耐文学奖，死于2006年。
3.08年诺贝尔和平奖----阿赫蒂萨里
中文
简介
Martti Oiva Kalevi Ahtisaari (pronounced [ˈmɑrt:i ˈoivɑ ˈkɑleʋi ˈɑhtisɑ:ri]) (born 23 June 1937) is a former President of Finland (1994–2000), 2008 Nobel Peace Prize laureate and United Nations diplomat and mediator, noted for his international peace work.
Ahtisaari was a UN Special Envoy at the Kosovo status process negotiations, aimed at resolving a long-running dispute in Kosovo, which declared its independence from Serbia in 2008. In October 2008, he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize \"for his important efforts, on several continents and over more than three decades, to resolve international conflicts\".The Nobel statement said that Ahtisaari has played a prominent role in resolving many conflicts in Namibia, Indonesia, Kosovo and Iraq, among other areas. --------------------------------------------------------------- In Finnish politics, Ahtisaari has stressed how important it is for Finland to join NATO. Ahtisaari has argued that Finland should be a full member of NATO and the EU in order \"to shrug off once and for all the burden of Finlandization\". He believes politicians should file application and make Finland a member. He says that the way Finnish politicians avoid expressing their opinion is disturbing. He has noted that the so-called \"NATO option\" is an illusion, making an analogy to trying to obtain fire insurance when the fire has already started.
Since leaving office, Ahtisaari has held positions in various
international organizations. Ahtisaari also founded the independent Crisis Management Initiative (CMI) with the goal of developing and sustaining peace in troubled areas. On December 1, 2000, Ahtisaari was awarded the J. William Fulbright Prize for International Understanding
by the Fulbright Association in recognition of his work as peacemaker in some of the world's most troubled areas.
In 2000–01, Ahtisaari and Cyril Ramaphosa inspected IRA weapons dumps for the Independent International Commission on Decommissioning, as part of the Northern Ireland peace process.
In 2005, Ahtisaari successfully led peace negotiations between the Free Aceh Movement (GAM) and the Indonesian government through his
non-governmental organization CMI. The negotiations ended on August 15, 2005 with a treaty on disarmament of GAM rebels, the dropping of GAM demands for an independent Aceh, and a withdrawal of Indonesian forces. In November 2005, UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan appointed Ahtisaari as Special Envoy for the Kosovo status process which was to determine whether Kosovo, having been administered by the United Nations since 1999, should become independent or remain a province of Serbia. In early 2006,
Ahtisaari opened the UN Office of the Special Envoy for Kosovo in Vienna, Austria, from where he conducted the Kosovo status negotiations. Those opposed to Ahtisaari's settlement proposal, which involved an
internationally-monitored independence for Kosovo, sought to discredit him. Allegations made by Balkan media sources of corruption and improper conduct by Ahtisaari were described by US State Department spokesman Tom Casey as \"spurious\possible\" and has the \"full endorsement of the United States\".[26] The New York Times suggested that this criticism of Ahtisaari on the part of the Serbs had led to the \"bogging down\" of the Kosovo status talks. In November 2008, Serbian media reported Pierre Mirel, director of the EU enlargement commission's western Balkans division as saying: “The EU has accepted that the deployment of EULEX has to be approved by the United Nations Security Council, and that the mission has to be neutral and will not be related to the Ahtisaari plan,” Mirel said, following his meeting with Serbia’s vice-president Bozidar Djelic.
In July 2007, however, when the EU, Russia and the United States agreed to find a new format for the talks, Ahtisaari announced that he regarded his mission as over. Since neither the UN nor the troika had asked him to continue mediations in the face of Russia's persistent refusal to support independence for Kosovo, he said he would nonetheless be willing to take on \"a role as consultant\uncertainty and mounting tension, Kosovo unilaterally declared its independence from Serbia in February 2008.
As a former head of state, Ahtisaari is a member of the Club of Madrid.
In 2008 Ahtisaari was awarded an honorary degree by University College, London. That same year he received the 2007 UNESCO Félix Houphouët-Boigny Peace Prize, for \"his lifetime contribution to world peace\".
On October 10, 2008 Ahtisaari was announced as that year's recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize. The award includes a medal, a personal diploma, and 10 million Swedish kronor ($1.4 million) in prize money. Ahtisaari received the prize on December 10, 2008 at Oslo City Hall in Norway. Ahtisaari twice worked to find a solution in Kosovo – first in 1999 and again between 2005 and 2007. He also worked with others this year to find a peaceful solution to the problems in Iraq, the Committee said. According to the Committee, Ahtisaari and his group, Crisis Management Initiative (CMI), also contributed to resolving other conflicts in Northern Ireland, Central Asia, and the Horn of Africa. Ahtisaari invited Prime Minister Matti Vanhanen, Foreign Affairs Minister Alexander Stubb and others to his Nobel event, but not President Halonen.
2008年10月10日，挪威诺贝尔委员会宣布授予阿赫蒂萨里诺贝尔和平奖，以表彰他“在过去的30多年间，跨越几个大洲，为解决国际争端而作出的重要努力”。颁奖仪式于12月10日在奥斯陆举行。诺贝尔委员会在公告中说，“阿赫蒂萨里终生为世界和平事业而奋斗，1989-1990年间，他在纳米比亚独立进程中起到关键作用；2005年，他和他领导的CMI充当了印尼亚齐问题和解的中间角色；1999年和2005-2007年间，他在极端困难的情况下寻求科索沃冲突的解决方案；2008年，通过CMI及其它组织，他试图和平解决伊拉克问题；他还为北爱尔兰、中亚和非洲之角等地区争端的解决提供了建设性贡献”。
然而，对于阿赫蒂萨里处理国际和平事务的行为及其影响，各界却存在争议。挪威的和平研究学者约翰·加尔通强烈批评阿赫蒂萨里处理和平进程的方式。他表示，“阿赫蒂萨里并没有解决争端，而是采取迎合西方国家的短期解决方案”。按照加尔通的说法，阿赫蒂萨里对绕过联合国法律和国际法的解决方案没有丝毫犹豫。另一方面，芬兰总理马蒂·万哈宁则认为，“阿赫蒂萨里在其和平谈判中十分坚决，而只有坚决地执行和平进程才能够取得成果”。
旅居瑞典的丹麦学者扬·厄伯格发表评论说，2008年诺贝尔和平奖的评选结果是“又一个丑闻”；他指出，“阿赫蒂萨里所做的调解完全是依靠军事手段、违背国际法来执行，而并非遵照联合国的‘以和平方式获取和平’原则”。
4.08年诺贝尔文学奖获得者---
勒•克莱齐奥
Literary career
Le Clézio has been writing since age seven; his first work was a book about the sea. He achieved very early success at age 23 when his first novel Le Procès-Verbal (The Interrogation) earned him the Prix Renaudot and was shortlisted for the Prix Goncourt. Since then he has published more than thirty-six books, including short stories, novels, essays, two
translations on the subject of Native American mythology, and several children's books.
From 1963 to 1975, Le Clézio explored themes such as insanity, language, and writing. He devoted himself to formal experimentation in the wake of such contemporaries as Georges Perec or Michel Butor. His persona was that of an innovator and a rebel, for which he was praised by Michel Foucault and Gilles Deleuze.
During the late 1970s, Le Clézio's style changed drastically; he abandoned experimentation, and the mood of his novels became less tormented as he used themes like childhood, adolescence, and traveling, which attracted a broader, more popular audience. In 1980, Le Clézio was the first winner of the newly created Grand Prix Paul Morand, awarded by the Académie Française, for his novel, Désert. In 1994, a survey conducted by the French literary magazine Lire showed that 13 percent of the readers considered him to be the greatest living French language writer.
Nobel Prize
Main article: Dans la forêt des paradoxes
Horace Engdahl announces Le Clézio winning the Nobel Prize for Literature on 9 October 2008
The Nobel Prize in Literature for 2008 went to Le Clézio for works characterized by the Swedish Academy as being \"poetic adventure and sensual ecstasy\" and for being focused on the environment, especially the desert.[15] The Swedish Academy, in announcing the award, called Le Clézio an \"author of new departures, poetic adventure and sensual ecstasy, explorer of a humanity beyond and below the reigning civilization.\". Le Clézio used his Nobel prize acceptance lecture to attack the subject of information poverty. The title of his lecture was Dans la forêt des paradoxes.
Gao Xingjian, a Chinese émigré, was the last French citizen to receive the prize; Le Clézio was the first French language writer to receive the Nobel Prize in Literature since Claude Simon for 1985, and the fourteenth since Sully Prudhomme, laureate of the first prize of 1901.
【一】生平简介
勒•克莱齐奥出生于1940年，是20世纪后半期法国新寓言派代表作家之一。1994年，法国读者调查中，克莱齐奥成为最受读者欢迎的作家，是当今法国文学的核心之一。与莫迪亚诺、佩雷克并称为“法兰西三星”。
克莱齐奥的代表作有《诉讼笔录》、《寻金者》、《罗德里格岛游记》。他的早期作品，诸如《诉讼笔录》、《可爱的土地》等，多寻找一种空灵与寂静，人物时常在形式、色彩与物质的海洋中摇摆不定，人和物的界限变得模糊不清。而他的后期作品，诸如《寻金者》、《罗德里格岛游记》等，则更关注心理空间，向着自然与人这两个“宇宙”同时进行宏观与微观的探索。 2008年诺贝尔文学奖获得者。
\"瑞典学院于当地时间10月9日13时左右(北京时间10月9日19时左右)宣布，将2008年度诺贝尔文学奖授予克莱齐奥。瑞典文学院在颁奖决定中说，克莱齐奥将多元文化、人性和冒险精神融入创作，是一位善于创新、喜爱诗一般冒险和情感忘我的作家，在其作品里对游离于西方主流文明外和处于社会底层的人性进行了探索。克莱齐奥将获得１０００万瑞典克朗（约合１４０万美元）的奖金。\"
【二】获奖理由
他的获奖理由是：“一个集背叛，诗意冒险和感性迷狂于一身的作家，探寻文明支配下的边缘人性”。
勒•克莱齐奥1940年出生于法国尼斯，童年在法国和非洲度过。他曾在曼谷、墨西哥城、波士顿等地的大学任教。受在不同国家工作和生活的影响，克莱齐奥的作品融入了欧洲、非洲和拉丁美洲等地的不同元素。他是20世纪后半期法国新寓言派代表作家之一。1994年，法国读者调查中，克莱齐奥成为最受读者欢迎的作家，是当今法国文学的核心之一。与莫迪亚诺、佩雷克并称为“法兰西三星”。代表作有《诉讼笔录》、《寻金者》、《罗德里格岛游记》。他的早期作品，诸如《诉讼笔录》、《可爱的土地》等，多寻找一种空灵与寂静，人物时常在形式、色彩与物质的海洋中摇摆不定，人和物的界限变得模糊不清。而他的后期作品，诸如《寻金者》、《罗德里格岛游记》等，则更关注心理空间，向着自然与人这两个“宇宙”同时进行宏观与微观的探索。
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