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高中英语教材内容全解新人教版必修5

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话题素材——伟大的科学家

好词

1.observe vt. 观察

2.creative adj. 富有创造力的 3.inspire vt. 鼓舞；激励 4.determination n. 决心 5.research vt. 研究

6.be curious about 对……好奇 7.in search_ of 寻找

8.apply...to... 把……运用于…… 9.be honored as 被誉为……

10.take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事 11.by no means 决不 12.give up 放弃

13.be devoted to 投身于/致力于…… 14.be crazy about 对……狂热/着迷 15.be_active_in 积极从事于佳句

1.Science has brought_about many changes in our lives. 科学为我们的生活带来很多变化。

2.Although he has won_countless_honors,_he never shows_any_signs_of_pride. 尽管他获得了无数的荣誉，他却从未有过任何骄傲的迹象。

3.Many scientists regard time as the most important thing in life. 许多科学家把时间看作是生命中最重要的东西。

[精美语篇]

Tu Youyou, a famous female pharmacologist and scientist, was born in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province on December 30th, 1930. In 1951, she was admitted into Beijing University, majoring in making medicine and graduated in 1955. After graduation she was trained in traditional Chinese medicine for two years and a half and she has been working in China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing. In 1972,

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she succeeded in discovering and developing artemisinin out of a Chinese herb to cure those patients of malaria in different places of the world, so that she won many big awards. To our excitement and delight, she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine on October 5th, 2015, becoming the first Chinese woman who won the Nobel Prize. We are called on to learn from her and devote ourselves to scientific research.

高频单词

1．scientific (adj.) 科学的→science (n.) 科学→scientist (n.)科学家 2．conclude (vt.&vi.) 结束；推断出→conclusion (n.) 结论；结束 3．analyse (vt.) 分析→analysis (n.) 分析

4．attend (vt.)照顾；护理；出席；参加→attendance (n.)出席；参加；到场

5．expose (vt.) 暴露；揭露；使曝光→exposed (adj.) 无遮蔽的；不遮挡风雨的→exposure (n.) 显露；暴露；揭露；曝光

6．suspect (vt.) 认为；怀疑 (n.)被怀疑者；嫌疑犯→suspicion (n.) 怀疑→suspicious (adj.)有疑心的 7．foresee (vt.) 预见；预知→foresaw (过去式)→foreseen (过去分词)

8．pollute (vt.) 污染；弄脏→pollution (n.) 污染→polluted (adj.) 被污染了的 9．announce (vt.) 宣布；通告→announcement (n.) 宣布；通知

10．instruct (vt.) 命令；指示；教导→instruction (n.) 教育；说明；指导；教训→instructive (adj.) 富有教育意义的；启发的

11．construct (vt.) 建设；修建→construction (n.) 建设；建筑物→constructor (n.) 建造者；建造商→constructive (adj.) 建设性的；积极的

12．contribute (vt. & vi.) 捐献；贡献；捐助→contribution (n.) 捐献；贡献；捐助 13．enthusiastic (adj.) 热情的→enthusiasm (n.) 热情

14．reject (vt.) 拒绝；不接受；抛弃→rejection (n.) 拒绝；抛弃 15．characteristic (n.) 特征；特性→character (n.) 品质；性格；特点

16．painter (n.) 画家；油漆匠→paint (vt.) 在……上刷油漆→painting (n.) 绘画；油画

重点短语

1．put_forward 提出 2．draw_a_conclusion 得出结论 3．expose..._to 使显露；暴露 4．be_to_blame 应受责备 5．look_into 调查；研究

6．link...to... 将……和……联系或连接起来 7．apart_from 除……之处；此外 8．be_strict_with... 对……严格

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9．make_sense 讲得通；有意义 10．at_times 有时

热点句型

1．neither... nor...“既不……也不……”

Neither (既不) its cause nor (也不) its cure was understood.(教材P2) 2．every time作连词引导时间状语从句，意为“每次……”

So many thousands of terrified people died every_time_there_was_an_outbreak (每次暴发霍乱时)．(教材P2)

3．to do 作目的状语/suggest意为“建议”时用虚拟语气，即“should＋do”，其中should可以省略 To_prevent (为防止) this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies (should)_be_examined (应被检测)．(教材P3)

4．only＋状语，句子结构发生倒装

Only_if (只有) you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make_sense (说得清楚)．(教材P7)

5．“with＋宾语＋宾补”复合结构

He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with_the_planets_going_round_it (行星围绕着它转) and only the moon still going round the earth.(教材P7)

6．doing 作状语/who引导定语从句

The Christian Church rejected his theory, saying (声称) it was against God's idea and people who_supported_it (支持这种想法的人) would be attacked.(教材P7)

巩固训练

在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

1．John Snow was a famous doctor in London—so expert, indeed, ________ he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.

答案：that

2．But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people ________ (expose) to cholera. 答案：exposed

3．The water companies ________ (instruct) not to expose people to ________ (pollute) water any more. 答案：were instructed; polluted

4．He became interested in two theories that possibly explained ________ cholera killed people. 答案：how

5．He was ________ (determine) to find out why. 答案：determined

6．First he marked on a map the exact places ________ all the dead people had lived. 答案：where

7．It seemed that the water was ________ (blame)．

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答案：to blame

8．With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty ________ polluted water carried the virus.

答案：that

9．He knew that cholera would never be controlled ________ its cause was found. 答案：until

10．He found that it came from the river ________ (pollute) by the dirty water from London. 答案：polluted

1 attend vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加

John Snow was a famous doctor in London—so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.(P2)

约翰·斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛，因而成了维多利亚女王的私人大夫。归纳拓展

attend school/church 上学/去教堂

attend a meeting/lecture/wedding/party 参加会议/听演讲/出席婚礼/参加晚会 attend

on/upon sb. 照顾某人

attend to 处理；照料名师点睛

attend侧重“参加”之意。attend to作“处理”讲时，与do/deal with近义；作“照顾”讲时，与take care of， look after近义。

语境助记

①[2016·全国卷Ⅲ]I have just found that I have to attend_an_important class meeting that afternoon. 我刚发现那天下午我必须参加一个重要的班会。

②If you had told me beforehand, I would_have_attended your wedding. 你如果提前告诉我的话，我就会去参加你的婚礼了。

③I have an important meeting to attend,_so I can't join you in the discussion. 我要出席一个重要的会议，所以我不能加入你们的讨论。 ④The main thing is to attend_to the injured. 首要任务是照顾伤者。

⑤I may be late—I have got one or two things to_attend_to.

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我也许会迟到，我有一两件事要处理。 2 expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光

But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.(P2) 但当他一想到要帮助(那些)受到霍乱威胁的普通百姓，他就感到很振奋。归纳拓展

expose to 暴露；受到风险

expose sth./sb./oneself to... 向……显露或暴露某事物/某人/某人自己；使某事物/某人/某人自己面临

be exposed to 暴露于……；接触 expose sb. to sth. 使某人接触到某物) 语境助记

①Don't expose your skin to direct sunlight, or you'll get burnt. 不要让你的皮肤直接暴晒于阳光下，否则你会被晒伤。

②We want to expose our kids to as much art and culture as possible. 我们想让孩子们受到尽可能多的艺术和文化的熏陶。 ③Klaus Von Bulow was_exposed as a liar and a cheat. 克劳斯·冯·布洛被揭露是一个说谎者和骗子。 3 absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心

The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.(P2) 第二种看法是人们在吃饭时把这种病毒引入体内的。归纳拓展

(1)absorb/attract/draw one's attention 吸引某人的注意 absorb...from... 从……中吸收…… absorb...into... 把……吸收进…… be absorbed by/into 被……吞并/吸引 (be) absorbed in... 全神贯注于…… (2)absorbed adj. 全神贯注的名师点睛

表示“全神贯注于……”的常见短语还有：be lost in, be buried in, fix/focus one's attention on, devote...to, concentrate one's mind on, apply oneself to, be addicted to等。

语境助记

①[2016·北京高考]However, when something did interest me, I could become_absorbed. 然而，当某物真的让我感兴趣了，我就能变得很专注。

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②Absorbed_in writing a letter, he didn't even look up when I came in. 他在聚精会神地写信，当我进来时他连头都没有抬。

③Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air and moisture from the soil. 植物从空气中吸收二氧化碳并从土壤中汲取水分。

④I've just been so busy studying and trying to absorb_all_the_new_things around me. 我一直忙于学习，并竭力掌握身边所有的新事物。 4 blame vt.谴责；责备 n．过失；责备

It seemed that the water was to blame.(P2) 看起来水是罪魁祸首。归纳拓展

(1)blame sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而责备某人 blame sth. on sb. 将某事归咎于某人

be to_blame (for sth.) (对某事)应承担责任；该受责备

(2)accept/bear/take the blame for... 对……负责；为……承担责任 put/lay the blame on sb. 把责任推到某人身上名师点睛

be to blame为主动形式表示被动意义，因此不能再用被动语态。语境助记

①[2016·全国卷Ⅲ]I often had crazy dreams in which I was to_blame_for Miller's accident. 我经常会做恶梦，梦中我应该对米勒的车祸负责。 ②I am ready to take_the_blame_for the mistake. 我愿意为这一错误承担责任。

③She stole the money but she's trying to put_the_blame_on_me. 她偷了钱，却想把责任推到我身上。

④Don't always blame your own failure on others. 不要总把你自己的失败归咎于别人。易混辨析

责备，谴责；归咎于，归罪于(on)。常用于blame sb. for sth.因某事指责某人；blame blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人 charge 控告；谴责。常用于charge sb. with (doing) sth. 指控某人(做了)某事控告，指控；指责，谴责。常用于accuse sb. of (doing) sth. 指控某人(做了)accuse 某事 ⑤用blame, charge, accuse的正确形式填空 a．It is obvious that you are to blame for the accident.

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b．She was said to have been charged with drunk driving. c．I was told that he was accused of murder. 5 announce vt.宣布；通告

With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus. (P3)

有了这个额外的证据，约翰·斯诺就可以肯定地宣称被污染的水携带病毒。归纳拓展

(1)It is announced that... 据宣布……/据通知…… announce sth. to sb./to sb. sth. 向某人宣布某事 (2)announcement n. 通告；宣告；通知 announcer n. 广播员；播音员 make an announcement 宣布；通知名师点睛

announce后不能跟双宾语结构，如果要表达“向某人宣布某事”应该这样表达：announce sth. to sb.(＝announce to sb. sth.)，不能用announce sb. sth.。除了announce外，类似的还有：

explain sth. to sb.(＝explain to sb. sth.) 向某人解释某物；mention sth. to sb.(＝mention to sb. sth.) 向某人提及某事；report sth. to sb.(＝report to sb. sth.) 向某人报告某事；retell sth. to sb.(＝retell to sb. sth.) 向某人复述某事；suggest sth. to sb.(＝suggest to sb. sth.) 向某人建议某事；admit sth. to sb.(＝admit to sb. sth.) 向某人承认某事。

语境助记

①At the end of their meeting, it_was_announced_that an agreement had been reached. 会议最后宣布已达成一项协议。

②[牛津高阶]Has our flight been_announced yet? 广播宣布了我们的航班没有？

③The manager announced_the_decision_to_ the worker. ＝The manager announced to the worker the decision. 经理对这个工人宣布了决定。

④Mary announced_to_her_parents_that she was going to run for monitor. 玛丽向父母宣布她准备竞选班长。 6 contribute vt.捐献；贡献；捐助

－to contribute (P4) 捐献归纳拓展

(1)contribute sth. to/towards 向……捐献某物

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contribute to有助于；导致；为……作贡献；为……捐款；向……投稿 (2)contribution n. 捐款；捐献；贡献；投送的稿件

make a contribution/contributions to 对……作出贡献；为……捐款名师点睛

表示“引起，导致；有助于”的词语还有哪些？

contribute to， result in， bring about， lead to， cause等。语境助记

①[2016·四川高考]Volunteer or, if you can, contribute a little money to a cause. 做志愿者或者如果可以的话，给一个事业捐点儿钱。

②Everyone is willing to contribute_food_and_clothes_to the homeless people. 每个人都愿意为无家可归的人捐献食物和衣服。

③Sports contribute mainly to your physical fitness. 体育运动主要有助于你的身体健康。

④Would you like to make_a_contribution_to the hospital building fund? 你愿意为医院建设基金捐款吗？图解助记

contribute

⑤[一言辨异]Many people contributed money to the poor boy, which contributed_to his returning to school. A writer wrote a story about it and contributed it to China Daily.

许多人给这个可怜的小男孩捐了款，这使他重返校园。一位作家写了一篇关于此事的故事并把它投给了《中国日报》。

过关演练

单句语法填空

在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

1．The author's mother told him to borrow a book in order to help cure him ________ his reading problem. 答案：of 考查常用搭配。cure sb. of ... “治愈某人的疾病”；矫正/改正某人的不良行为/态度。 2．Don't expose your baby ________ strong sunlight.

答案：to 考查固定搭配。expose...to...“使……暴露于……”。句意：不要让你的婴儿受到强烈太阳光的照射。

3．When deeply ________(absorb) in work, which he often was, he would forget all about eating or sleeping.

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答案：absorbed 考查固定搭配。(be) absorbed in 意为“全神贯注于……”，因为主从句主语一致，此处省略主语和be动词。

4．They didn't draw a conclusion until carrying out lots of ________(science) experiments. 答案：scientific 考查形容词。scientific修饰名词，意为“科学的”。 5．You must read the ________(instruct) before taking the medicine. 答案：instructions 考查名词。instructions“说明”，常用复数形式。

6．Last week I got a new job in a big firm, and I found it very ________(challenge)．答案：challenging 考查形容词。challenging “具有挑战性的”。 7．At last his ________ (conclude) proved to be right.

答案：conclusion 考查名词。由his可知，此处应填名词形式。conclusion “结论”。 8．The spokesman of the Foreign Ministry announced the news ________ the reporters. 答案：to 考查常用搭配。announce...to sb. 意为“向某人宣布……”。

9．Instead of ________ (blame) each other, we should communicate more and put ourselves in others' place.

答案：blaming 考查非谓语动词。由介词短语instead of可知，此处应填blaming。 10．The invention of paper was a great ________ (contribute) to human civilization.

答案：contribution 考查名词。根据空格前的冠词和形容词可知，应填名词形式。句意：纸的发明是对人类文明的一大贡献。

1 put forward 提出(建议等)；推荐；将……提前

Who put forward a theory about black holes？(P1) 谁提出关于黑洞的理论？归纳拓展

put aside 节省；储蓄；储存；留出put away 放好；积蓄put off 延期；推迟put out 熄灭；生产put down 写下；记下

put up 举起；张贴；建立；提供食宿put up with 容忍；忍受put on 穿上；演出语境助记

①The suggestion put_forward by your teacher was well worth considering.

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你们老师提出的建议很值得考虑。

②We're trying to put_aside a few hundred dollars every month toward our vacation. 我们尽量每月存几百美元供度假用。

③Now the electric fan is not in use. Let's put it away. 现在电扇已用不着了，我们把它收起来吧。

④[2016·全国卷Ⅰ]Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put_out. 灭火器喷了两下，火就被扑灭了。 ⑤写出下列句中put forward的含义

a．As for the problem you put forward in your last letter, I think it is a wise choice for you to buy an edictionary.提出

b．I think he is fit for the position; therefore, I'll put him forward as a candidate.推荐 c．Put your watch forward; it's five minutes slow.拨快

d．They have put forward the date of their wedding by one week.将……提前 2 apart from 除……之外；此外(＝aside from)

Apart from the construction mentioned above, you have also learned the following phrases. (P4) 除了以上提到的结构，你也学过下面的词组。归纳拓展

(1)apart from具有下列三层含义：

①相当于besides。指“除……之外，另外还有”，强调“另外还有”； ②相当于except。指“除了……”，表示从整体中除去；

③相当于except_for。指“除……外”，是在对某人或物整体上肯定的同时，特别指出其不足之处。 (2)take...apart 将……拆开

tell sb./sth. apart 分辨出某人/某物语境助记

①[牛津高阶]I've finished apart_from the last question. 除了最后一道题，我全做完了。

②Apart_from an occasional noise from the elephant's stomach, the forest was silent. 除了大象胃里偶尔发出的声音，森林里一片寂静。

③They are so alike, and it's difficult to tell_them_apart. 他们长得太一样了，很难把他们区分开来。 3 make sense 有意义；讲得通

Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. (P7) 只有把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能讲得通。

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归纳拓展

make sense of 理解；明白make no sense 没道理；没意义in a sense 从某种意义上说

in no sense 决不置于句首时，句子用部分倒装common sense 常识

a sense of duty/humor/beauty/direction 责任感/幽默感/美感/方向感There is no sense in doing sth. 做某事是没有意义的。语境助记

①It makes_sense to work on the problem before it gets out of control. 在失控前致力于解决这个问题，这么做是有意义的。

②What she referred to was so confusing that they could hardly make_sense_of it. 她所讲的话如此令人费解，他们搞不明白她是什么意思。 ③There's_no_sense_in getting upset about it now. 现在为这件事苦恼是没有意义的。

④In_no_sense_should you lose heart; keep trying and you will make it sooner or later. 你决不应该灰心丧气。继续努力，你迟早会成功的。

⑤[2016·全国卷Ⅱ]Handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a_real_sense_of achievement. 先处理最重要的任务，这样你会有一种真正的成就感。

过关演练

选词填空

apart from； make sense； be exposed to； put forward； link...to...； be strict with； be cautious about； in no sense； be to blame； lead to 1．It ________ to follow your parents' suggestions. 答案：makes sense

2．________ a few faults, he is a respectable teacher. 答案：Apart from

3．The wire ________ the television. 答案：is linked to

4．Generally speaking, parents like the teachers who ________ their children. 答案：are strict with

5．________ will they give in to any pressures. 答案：In no sense

6．If you ________ English reading and listening every day, you are sure to make much progress in it.

答案：are exposed to

7．He ________ his proposal at the meeting.

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答案：put forward

8．On the Internet, you should ________ your own personal information. 答案：be cautious about

9．Eating too much fat can ________ heart disease and cause high blood pressure. 答案：lead to

10．I think that it is I rather than my sister that ________ for what has happened. 答案：am to blame

Only_if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.(P7) 只有把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能讲得通。

(1)“only＋状语”(副词、介词短语、状语从句)位于句首，句子要用部分倒装。但“only＋主语”位于句首时不用倒装。

(2)if only“但愿；要是……就好了”，引导的状语从句使用虚拟语气，表达对现在、将来的愿望或与过去事实相反的愿望。

语境助记

①[2016·全国卷Ⅰ]Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms Garza finally say yes. 直到一年的友好讨论之后加尔扎女士才最终答应了。

②Only when people believe in each other can_they work well. 人们只有相互信任才能很好地工作。

③[2016·全国卷Ⅰ]Only people who know the keyword can read the message. 只有知道密码的人才能读懂这个信息。

④The pills might have cured him, if only he had_taken them regularly. 他要是按时服用这些药丸，他的病本来是可能治得好的。

过关演练

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

1．Neither I nor Jane and Mary ________(be) tired of having one examination after another. We really don't want to go to school.

答案：are neither...nor引导的并列主语，谓语动词应遵循“就近一致原则”。 2．Only an hour ago ________ the teacher find out why he was absent.

答案：did “only＋状语”位于句首，句子要部分倒装。由时间状语an hour ago可知，该句为一般过去时。 3．Then my 17yearold suggested ________ (give) him a gift card. 答案：giving suggest doing sth.“建议做某事”。 4．Only ________you are modest can you make progress.

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答案：if if引出条件句，意为“如果”。句意：谦虚使人进步。 5．I recognized her ________ moment I saw her.

答案：the the moment引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”。句意：我一看见她，就认出了她。 Ⅱ.完成句子

1．____________light moves into a material with a new speed, it bends and scatters. 每次光线以新的速度进入某一物体，就会发生折射和散射。答案：Every time

2．When it comes to how to speak fluent Mandarin, I suggest that you ________________ a bunch of pronunciation rules first.

说到如何讲流利的普通话，我建议你首先学一些发音规则。答案：(should) learn

3．________________ progress and the invention of new technology can many old products brought back to their old state.

只有跟随新科技的发明和进步，许多老产品才会焕发生机。答案：Only with

过去分词作定语和表语

过去分词作定语

1．单个的过去分词作定语时，常位于它所修饰的名词之前；过去分词短语作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词之后，但单个过去分词修饰something, everything等不定代词时，也要后置。

From the stomach the disease attacked the body quickly and soon the affected person died. 这种病从胃里发作而迅速殃及全身，很快这个受感染的人死亡了。 Things lost never come again. 覆水难收。

2．过去分词与现在分词作定语时的区别

现在分词表示主动或进行过去分词表示被动或完成

The girl standing under the tree is very beautiful. 站在树下的女孩很漂亮。(表主动、进行) Have you read the novel written by Dickens? 你读过狄更斯写的这部小说吗？(表被动、完成) 过去分词作表语

1．过去分词与v.ing形式作表语的区别

v．ing作表语时，表示特征，意为“令人……”；过去分词作表语，表示状态，意为“感到……”

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He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people. 他对霍乱致人死地的两种推测很感兴趣。

The story is so interesting that nobody dislikes it. 这个故事如此有趣，没有人不喜欢它。 2．过去分词作定语和表语的区别

定语：置于名词之后或之前表示动作完成或被动。表语：置于系动词之后，说明主语的状态或特征。

过关演练

单句语法填空

用括号内单词的正确形式填空。

1．[2016·四川高考]Those ________ (give) night milk, which contained 10 times the amount of melatonin, were less active and less anxious than those fed with the milk collected during daytime.

答案：given 主语those与give之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。句意：和那些喝了在白天收集的牛奶的老鼠相比，喝了含有10倍褪黑激素的在夜间收集的牛奶的老鼠更不活跃，也很少焦虑。

2．Teams of four, ________(dress) in a variety of strange and funny clothes, roll a complete cheese along a 50metre course.

答案：dressed be dressed in “穿着……”，teams of four与dress为被动关系，且作定语，故填dressed。句意：四人一组的几个队，穿着各种各样奇怪、滑稽的衣服，沿着一条50米的路线滚着一个完整的奶酪。

3．After the heavy rain, many cars got ________ (catch) in the mud. 答案：caught 过去分词作表语，表示被动。句意：大雨过后，许多车陷入泥里。

4．Now that Chicago's waste water was draining efficiently into the Chicago River, the city's next step was to clean the ________ (pollute) river.

答案：polluted 过去分词作定语，表被动，故填polluted。

5．The children were all ________ after they heard the ________ news that their team had won the game.(inspire)

答案：inspired; inspiring 第一空修饰人，故用inspired；第二空修饰物，故用inspiring。

Ⅰ.完形填空(建议用时17′)

[2017·河北定州模拟]Carl Kenton is a wealthy businessman. Five years ago, after returning from abroad to his motherland, he __1__ his small company. Speaking of success, Glen often tells us a story about his __2__ expensive “school” fee. He always owes his success to it.

At that time, Glen, who already got a Ph.D. Degree, Decided to return to the homeland, starting a company. Before __3__， he bought a Rolex watch with the __4__ made through years of work after school and the scholarships. At the airport he had to accept the routine customs check. The watch on his wrist was also demanded to be __5__ down for inspection. Glen knew that carrying the __6__ goods

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out had to pay the tax, and he worried about paying __7__ for his watch. So when he was checked, he told a lie that his watch was a __8__ fake(假货). When he was __9__ of his “smarts”， immediately, __10__ the presence of Glen, the officers hit the watch, which __11__ nearly 100,000, into pieces at hearing Glen's words. Glen was 12 . Before he understood why, he was taken to the office to be examined __13__. For many times of entryexit __14__ he knew that only those people in the “blacklist” would “enjoy” this special treatment.

The officers looked over everything carefully in the box, and __15__ him no matter what time of entry and exit he must accept the check and if __16__ reusing and carrying fake and shoddy goods, he would be charged according to law! Suddenly, his face turned red, and he had nothing in mind after __17__ the plane for long. After returning to the homeland, he often told the story to his family, and his employees, too. He said that this made a deep __18__ on him, because the additional high “school” fee that he had ever paid made him realize the value of __19__， which he would __20__ as the secret of his success forever.

篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文中讲述了一个商人的故事，他过海关为了逃税而撒谎，结果却经受了更为严格的检查，他从中懂得了诚实的重要性。

1．A.set up C．went up

B．took up D．picked up

答案：A set up“建立”；took up“占据”；went up“上升”；picked up“捡起”。此处表示他建立了自己的一家小公司。故选A项。

2．A.good

B．bad C．extra D．few

答案：C 可根据文章最后一段第18空后additional high “school” fee得知，是额外的费用，即在他本应上的学之外受到的“教育”。故选C项。

3．A.staying C．living

B．leaving D．coming

答案：B staying“停留”；leaving“离开”；living“生活”；coming“来”。此处表示在离开他得到博士学位的那个地方。故选B项。

4．A.books C．savings

B．things D．pounds

答案：C 句意：他用课外工作和奖学金存的钱买了一只手表。savings“积蓄”。故选C项。 5．A.put C．taken

B．looked D．lied

答案：C 句意：他的手表也被要求摘下来接受检查。be taken down“摘下来”。故选C项。 6．A.ordinary C．specific

B．common D．many

答案：C ordinary“普通的”；common“平常的”；specific“特殊的”；many“许多的”。句意：他知道带某些特殊的商品出海关是要缴税的。故选C项。

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7．A.one C．them

B．it D．these

答案：B 根据上文，这里的it指代的是tax，他担心自己要缴税。故选B项。 8．A.priceless C．worthless

B．useful D．valuable

答案：C priceless“无价的”；useful“有用的”；worthless“无价值的”；valuable“有价值的”。此处表示他撒谎了，说自己的手表是一文不值的假货。故选C项。

9．A.afraid C．ashamed

B．proud D．hard

答案：B afraid“害怕的”；proud“骄傲的”；ashamed“羞愧的”；hard“困难的”。此处表示：当他正为自己的小聪明洋洋得意的时候。故选B项。

10．A.in C．before

B．on D．after

答案：A'in the presence of sb.“在某人在现场的情况下”。 11．A.paid

B．spent C．took D．cost

答案：D paid“付钱”；spent“花(时间、精力、钱)”；took“拿”；cost“花费”。此处表示这块手表价值100000。故选D项。

12．A.disappointed C．shocked

B．delighted D．satisfied

答案：C disappointed“失望的”；delighted“快乐的”；shocked“震惊的”；satisfied“满意的”。此处表示他感到很震惊，因为海关竟然把自己贵重的手表砸碎了。故选C项。

13．A.strictly C．quickly

B．quietly D．curiously

答案：A strictly“严肃地”；quietly“安静地”；quickly“快地”；curiously“好奇地”。此处表示他被带到办公室进行更加严格的检查。故选A项。

14．A.conditions C．experiments

B．experiences D．chances

答案：B conditions“情况，条件”；experiences“经历”；experiments“实验”；chances“机会”。句意：在以后多年的过海关经历中，他知道只有在黑名单中的人才会收到这样的特殊待遇。故选B项。

15．A.stopped C．warned

B．hoped D．urged

答案：C stopped“停止”；hoped“希望”；warned“警告”；urged“催促”。此处表示检查人员警告他无论何时进出海关，他都必须接受检查。故选C项。

16．A.came out C．sent out

B．found out D．set out

答案：B came out“出现，出版”；found out“发现”；sent out“发送，派遣”；set out“出发，开始”。

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句意：如果再被发现使用和携带假货，他就会被依法控诉。故选B项。

17．A.landing C．catching

B．flying D．boarding

答案：D landing“着陆”；flying“飞”；catching“抓住”；boarding“上(飞机、车、船等)，寄宿”。此处表示：登上飞机之后的很长一段时间内，他的脑子里还是一片空白。故选D项。

18．A.expression C．thought

B．idea D．impression

答案：D expression“表达”；idea“主意”；thought“想法”；impression“印象”。此处表示这件事给他留下的印象很深刻。故选D项。

19．A.honesty C．goods

B．lies D．bravery

答案：A honesty“诚实”；lies“谎言”；goods“货物”；bravery“勇敢”。此处表示他明白了诚实的价值，因为之前在过海关的时候他撒谎了。故选A项。

20．A.remember C．read

B．study D．research

答案：A remember“记住”；study“学习”；read“读书”；research“研究”。此处表示他会永远把诚实作为自己经商成功的秘密。故选A项。

Ⅱ.阅读理解(建议用时14′)

About 1.3 billion years ago, two massive black holes hit each other and formed a new one. The energy

set freeP1 by the collision created a ripple(波纹) in the spacetime structure and spread outward in

gravitational waves (引力波)．

Then, on September 14,2015, a group of scientists discovered the waves. On February 11, an

announcementW1 came from the Laser Interferometer GravitationalWave Observatory (LIGO) in the US that,

for the very first time, a gravitational wave was directly observed and recorded. “We discovered gravitational waves. We did it，” David Reitze, the director of LIGO, said in the press conferenceP2 on February 11. “It's exactly what Einstein's theory of general relativity predicted.”

Einstein's 1915 theory reimagined the frameworkW2 for the universe. According to Einstein, the framework for the universe—or the spacetime structure—is not fixedW3， But changed by matter and energy “in a way a heavy sleeper causes a mattress to sag(床垫下凹), producing the effect we call gravity”， explains a New York Times article.

“A disturbanceW4 in the universe could cause spacetime to become larger, break into pieces and even move up and down, like a mattress shaking when that sleeper rolls over, producing ripples of gravity: gravitational waves，” explains the article.

Compared with the other three forcesW5 in the universe(electromagnetism, the weak nuclear force and the strong nuclear force), gravity is relatively weak, making gravitational waves hard to discover.

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The discovery by LIGO would open a new chapter in astronomy. “Everything else in astronomy is like the eye，” Szabolcs Marka, a Columbia University professor, told The New York Times.“Finally, astronomy grew ears. We never had ears before.”

篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文中讲述了引力波的发现证实了1915年爱因斯坦的预测，这为人类更好地研究宇宙提供了可能。

1．What is a gravitational wave according to the text? A．It's a disturbance in the universe. B．It's the crash of the two black holes. C．It's a ripple in the spacetime structure. D．It's an effect caused by energy.

答案：C 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句“The energy set free by the collision created a ripple in the spacetime structure and spread outward in gravitational waves.”可知，引力波就是在时空结构中产生的波纹。故选C项。

2．Why is the discovery by LIGO important? A．It proves Einstein's 1915 theory. B．The waves were hard to discover. C．The waves changed the universe. D．It reshapes the spacetime structure.

答案：A 推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后一句“It's exactly what Einstein's theory of general relativity predicted.”可知，该发现证实了爱因斯坦1915年提出的理论，这也是此项发现的重要性所在。故选A项。

3．What can we learn from the text?

A．It took LIGO 4 months to confirm the discovery. B．The framework for the universe can be changed. C．One produces gravity because he sletif heavily. D．There are more than four forces in the universe.

答案：B 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“According to Einstein, the framework for the universe—or the spacetime structure—is not fixed, But changed by matter and energy...”可知，宇宙的框架结构是可以改变的。故选B项。

4．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．Astronomy calls for more attention. B．Never before has astronomy achieved much.

C．Astronomy is more about what we can hear in space. D．A better understanding of the universe is made possible.

答案：D 主旨大意题。这一发现掀开了天文学的新篇章，根据本段最后两句“Finally, astronomy grew ears. We never had ears before.”可知，我们将会对宇宙有更好的了解。故选D项。

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W重点单词

1．announcement n. 公告；布告，通告 2．framework n. 构架；框架，结构 3．fixed adj. 固定的，不变的

4．disturbance n. (受)干扰；打扰；妨碍 5．force n. 力 vt. 力量迫使 P重点短语 1．set free 释放

2．the press conference 新闻发布会

My family moved around a lot when I was growing upP1. In 2nd grade，I lived here in Washington D．C, where I made an amazing group of friends. I was upsetW1 when my parents told me we were moving again and I would have to leave all my best friends behind.

In 7th grade, we moved back to Washington D．C. And I could not have been more excited and I felt like I was finally home again. But things had changed. There were two new girls, who decided that they didn't like me, which meant no one else could, not even all my former best friends.

And then one day during school, I opened my locker, only to find a note lying on the floor. The note said：Die. Nobody likes you.

My heart started beating faster and I felt the blood rushing to my face. I had no idea what to do. The note wasn't signed and I had no idea who had written it, but I figured the new girls were behind it. I had to sit in class all day with my head down, wondering who else knew about this shameW2. I felt

horribleW3 and sure that nothing would ever be good again.

I decided that the perfect way to end all of this was with another note, left on the bathroom mirror at school.

It's sad for someone to bully (欺负) other classmates to make themselves feel better or look cool. Bullying others is a way to impressW4 others. It's common, but that doesn't mean it's okay. Looking cool

is not worthP2 making others feel bad. ObviouslyW5 I'm very happy now, but it doesn't mean I'll ever forget

about that note or how it made me feel. And to those of you that are current victims of bullying—know that you are NOT alone. It will get better. I promise.

篇章导读：家庭的搬迁给孩子的生活和学习都带来了一些问题，但本文小作者以积极且坦诚的心态去面对，用颇具建设性的办法去解决，值得读者们学习、借鉴。

5．Why was the author unhappy when she left Washington D．C? A．She couldn't adapt herself.

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B．She had to leave best friends. C．She was growing up there. D．She hated traveling a lot.

答案：B 细节理解题。根据文中第一段的最后一句可知，答案是B。 6．When the author opened the locker, she felt________. A．surprised C．amused

B．annoyed D．ashamed

答案：D 细节理解题。根据文中第四段中的倒数第二句“I had to sit in class all day with my head down，wondering who else knew about this shame.”可知，小作者当时感到很羞愧。

7．In the end, the author turned things around________. A．under her teacher's guide B．by compromising to others C．with her best friends' help D．through her own efforts

答案：D 推理判断题。根据文中倒数第二段可知答案，即通过自己的努力，用积极建设性的办法解脱困境。 8．What suggestion does the author give to the teens? A．Meet friends whenever possible. B．Make efforts to fight back hard. C．Go easy on yourself and others. D．Be optimistic and let a thing slide.

答案：D 推理判断题。根据最后一段，即小作者自己的留言的内容可推知，他的建议是：遇到逆境时，一定要冷静乐观，对伤害自己的人和事不必看得过重。故D项正确。

W重点单词

1．upset adj. 不安的 2.shame n. 羞耻 3．horrible adj. 可怕的 4．impress vt. 给予某人深刻印象 5．obviously adv. 显而易见地 P重点短语

1．grow up 成长；长大 2.be worth doing 值得做

Ⅲ.短文改错(建议用时8′)

Not having passed the exam, Xiao Ming remained in the classroom after school. When asking, he told me he didn't dare to go home because of he was afraid of being scolded or beaten by his dad. Hearing that he said, I felt sorry for him and couldn't help think of the “wolf father”．

Children will behave well if they are punishing when they do something wrong and that punishment

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should be physical punishment, which is an extreme important educational concept to many parents. But I think this violent way harms children mental growth and the forming of their good characters.

No one can avoid making mistake. Parents should help our children correct mistakes and encourage them make progress.

答案：

Not having passed the exam, Xiao Ming remained in the classroom after school. When asking， he told

asked

me he didn't dare to go home because

＼of he was afraid of being scolded or beaten by his dad. Hearing that he said, I felt sorry for him and

what

couldn't help think of the “wolf father”．

thinking

Children will behave well if they are punishing when they do something wrong and that punishment

punished

should be physical punishment, which is an extreme important educational concept to many parents. But

extremely

I think this violent way harms children mental growth and the forming of their good characters.

children's

No one can avoid making mistake. Parents should help our children correct mistakes and encourage

mistakes

their

them ∧ make progress.

第一处：asking→asked 考查状语从句的省略。when asked相当于“when he was asked”。

第二处：去掉because后的of 考查原因状语从句的引导词。because of后跟名词、名词短语或what从句。而because引导从句。

第三处：that→what 考查宾语从句的引导词。what he said作hearing的宾语。第四处：think→thinking 考查固定搭配。can't help doing... “忍不住做……”。第五处：punishing→punished 考查被动语态。第六处：extreme→extremely 考查副词修饰形容词。

第七处：children→children's 考查名词所有格。此处需表达“……的”，因此用children's。第八处：mistake→mistakes 考查固定搭配。make mistakes或make a mistake “犯错误”。第九处：our→their 考查代词。

第十处：make前加to 考查固定搭配。encourage sb. to do sth. “鼓励某人做某事”。

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话题素材——英国历史

好词

1.coastal adj. 沿海的 2.nation n. 国家；民族 3.immigration n. 移居；移民 4.primitive adj. 原始的；远古的 5.worldwide adj. 世界范围的 6.at_one_time 一度；曾经

7.be located/situated in/lie in 位于 8.be made up of 由……组成

9.be famous/well－known for 因为……而闻名 10.be surrounded by/with 被……所环绕 11.have a population of 有……人口 12.a developed country 一个发达国家 13.a place of interest 名胜景地 14.be rooted in 根源在于；植根于 15.local customs and practices 风土人情佳句

1.Everybody knows that the United Kingdom consists_of four countries. 众所周知大不列颠联合王国由四个国家组成。

2.I managed_to_collect some useful information, including British culture and history. 我设法收集了一些有用的信息，包括英国的文化和历史。

3.Britain has many places_of_interest,_which attract a lot of tourists from all_over_the_world. 英国有许多名胜，吸引了世界各地的游客。

[精美语篇]

Dear Bob，

How are you recently? I'm glad to tell you that I'm going to study in Britain next year. Therefore, I'm eager to learn more about Britain. Could you offer any information to me？

As far as I know, the weather is very changeable in Britain, is that true? I hope you can tell me more about the climate there so that I can make preparations in advance. I've also heard that the underground systems in many big cities are well developed. Does it mean that I can travel around just by taking the underground？

Of course, what I care about most is the school life in your country. I think it will be interesting and exciting. Can you give me more details about it? Do you have to do a lot of homework just as we do?

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Can overseas students participate in all kinds of activities in your school？

By the way, I'd like to know whether I can find any Chinese food in Britain or not. You see, I'm not sure whether I can get used to the foods in your country.

I'm looking forward to your reply.

Yours Sincerely，

Li Hua

高频单词

1．unite (vi.&vt.) 联合；团结→united (adj.) 团结的；联合的→union (n.) 联合；联盟；结合；协会 2．consist (vi.) 组成；在于；一致→consistent (adj.) 一致的 3．convenience (n.) 便利；方便→convenient (adj.) 方便的

4．attract (vt.) 吸引；引起注意→attraction (n.) 吸引；吸引力→attractive (adj.) 有吸引力的 5．description (n.) 描写；描述→describe (vt.) 描述；形容；描绘

6．furnished (adj.) 配备好装备的；带家具的→furnish (vt.) 装备；(用家具等)布置(房间、公寓)；提供 7．possibility (n.) 可能(性)→possible (adj.) 可能的；合理的 8．arrange (vt.) 筹备；安排；整理→arrangement (n.) 布置；整理

9．delight (n.) 快乐；高兴；喜悦 (vt.) 使高兴；使欣喜→delighted (adj.) 高兴的；快乐的→delightful (adj.) 令人高兴的

10．fold (vt.) 折叠；对折→(反义词)unfold (vt.) 展开；打开；呈现 11．thrill (vt.) 使激动；使胆战心惊→thrilled (adj.) 激动的 12．clarify (vt.) 澄清；阐明→clarified(adj.) 得到净化的

13．accomplish(vt.) 完成；达到；实现→accomplishment(n.)完成；成就

14．unwilling(adj.)不愿意(的)；不乐意(的)→unwillingly(adv.)不愿意(地)；无奈地→unwillingness(n.)不愿意；无奈

15．rough(adj.)粗糙的；粗暴的→roughly(adv.)粗略地；粗糙地

16．enjoyable(adj.)令人愉快的；使人高兴的→enjoy(vt.)享受……的乐趣；欣赏；喜爱→enjoyment(n.)愉快；快乐；乐趣

重点短语

1．consist_of 由……组成 2．divide...into 把……分成

3．break_away_(from) 挣脱(束缚)；脱离 4．to_one's_credit 为……带来荣誉；值得赞扬；在……名下

5．leave_out 省去；遗漏；不考虑 6．take_the_place_of 代替

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7．break_down (机器)损坏；破坏 8．refer_to 谈到；说到；参考；涉及 9．make_a_list_of 列出一张……的清单 10．on_special_occasions 在特殊场合 11．be_proud_of 对……感到骄傲 12．in_memory_of 为纪念……

热点句型

1．find＋宾语＋宾语补足语

Now when people refer to England you find Wales included_as_well(发现……也包括在内)．(教材P10) 2．do表示强调，强调谓语动词

To their credit the four countries do_work_together (的确共同协作) in some areas (eg, the currency and international relations), but they still have very different institutions.(教材P10)

3．过去分词短语作后置定语

For historical architecture you have to go to older but smaller towns built_by (被……建造) the Romans.(教材P10)

4．过去分词短语作状语

Worried_about_the_time_available (担心时间不够), Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London.(教材P14)

5．状语从句的省略

It looked splendid when_first_built (刚建成的时候)！(教材P14) 6．It seems/is...that...“似乎……”

It_seemed_strange that (这似乎是一件怪事) the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London.(教材P14)

巩固训练

在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

1．England is the largest of the four countries, and for convenience it is divided roughly ________ three zones.

答案：into

2．It is a pity that the industrial cities ________ (build) in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors.

答案：built

3．There you will find ________ more about British history and culture. 答案：out

4．Happily this was accomplished ________ conflict when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales as well.

答案：without

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5．________her great surprise, Zhang Pingyu found the Queen's jewels ________ (guard) by special royal soldiers.

答案：To; guarded

6．Then just as she came out of the abbey, Pingyu heard the famous sound of the clock, Big Ben, ________ (ring) out the hour.

答案：ringing

7．________ interested her most was the longitude line. 答案：What

8．You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom ________ (enjoy) and worthwhile.

答案：enjoyable

9．When she saw many visitors ________ (enjoy) looking at the beautiful old Chinese pots and other objects on show, she felt very proud of her country.

答案：enjoying

10．The next day Pingyu was leaving London ________ Windsor Castle. 答案：for

1 consist vi.组成；在于；一致

How many countries does the UK consist of？(P9) 英国是由几个部分(国家)组成的？归纳拓展

(1)consist of＝be made up of 由……组成；由……构成 consist in 在于

(2)consistent adj. 相容的；一致的 be consistent with 和……一致/相符名师点睛

consist of一般不用于被动语态和进行时，其同义短语有： be made up of； be composed of。

语境助记

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①[2016·天津高考]Students are provided with breakfast, dinner and either a cooked or packed lunch (which consists_of a sandwich, a drink and a dessert)．

学生们会被供以早餐、晚餐还有一顿做好的或打包好的午餐(由一个三明治、一杯饮料和一份甜点组成)。 ②Success consists_in the ability to continue efforts through failures. 成功在于历经失败持续努力的能力。

③If what you say is_not_consistent_with what you do, it will have a bad effect on your children. 如果你言行不一，那将对孩子有不好的影响。 2 convenience n．便利；方便；便利的事物

England is the largest of the four countries, and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones.(P10)

英格兰是四个国家中最大的，为方便起见，它大致可划分成三个地区。归纳拓展

(1)for convenience 为了方便起见 at one's convenience 在某人方便的时候 for the convenience of... 为了方便…… (2)convenient adj. 方便的；便利的

if it is convenient (to/for you) 如果(你)方便的话 It is convenient for sb. to do sth. 某人方便做某事。 (3)inconvenience n. 不方便；不便 inconvenient adj. 不方便的名师点睛

convenient作表语时，不可用人作主语，而要用物作主语或用it作形式主语。“当你方便的时候”应翻译成when it is convenient for you，而不是when you are convenient。

语境助记

①When you come to school, please visit my office at_your_convenience. 你来学校时，请方便时到我的办公室来一下。

②[2016·全国卷Ⅲ]If it's convenient_for you, let's meet at 8：30 outside the school gate. 如果方便的话，让我们8：30在校门口见。

③I'm convinced that it will be more convenient_for_people_to_do shopping online in the future. 我相信未来人们网上购物会变得更加方便。 3 attract vt.吸引；引起注意

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It is a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors.(P10) 可惜的是，这些建于19世纪的工业城市不吸引游客。归纳拓展

(1)attract one's attention 吸引某人的注意力 attract sb. to sth. 吸引某人关注某事 be attracted by 被……所吸引

(2)attraction n. 有趣的东西；吸引人之物 (3)attractive adj. 有吸引力的 be attractive to 对……有吸引力语境助记

①Her new clothes are attracting a lot of attention. 她的新衣服引起了很大关注。

②[2016·四川高考]Even the youngest children in the class were_attracted_by the story. 即使是班里最小的孩子都被这个故事所吸引。

③This programme has little attraction for the audience. 这个节目对观众几乎没有一点吸引力。

④[2016·全国卷Ⅰ]But for tourists like me, pandas are its top attraction. 但是对于像我这样的游客，熊猫是它最具吸引力的东西了。 4 arrange vt.筹备；安排；整理

They had no time to arrange their own wedding, so they had it organized by a company. (P13) 他们没有时间筹备自己的婚礼，因此他们让一家公司代为组织。归纳拓展

(1)arrange (for) sth. 整理/安排/筹划某事 arrange to_do sth. 安排做某事

arrange for sb./sth. to do sth. 安排某人/某物做某事 (2)arrangement n. 安排；准备

make arrangements/an arrangement for...为……做安排名师点睛

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表示“安排某人做某事”用arrange for sb. to do sth.，而不用arrange sb. to do sth.。语境助记

①Parents arrange_everything_for_their_children and spare no effort to pave the way for their success.

父母为孩子准备好一切，不遗余力地为他们的成功铺路。

②[2016·全国卷Ⅰ]She arranged_for a flight on a small plane to be held for me, rerouted(改道) me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled.

她为我安排了一架小型飞机，让我改道在纽瓦克转机，我回到英国的时间比原本计划的时间还要早。 ③Have you arranged_to_meet Mark this weekend? 你安排好周末与马克会面了吗？

④I am looking forward to being told about your_arrangements of vacation. 我盼望着你告诉我你的假期安排。

5 delight n．快乐；高兴；喜悦 vt.使高兴；使欣喜

Her first delight was going to the Tower. (P14) 她最先想参观的地方是伦敦塔。归纳拓展 (1)

to one's great delight

much to one's delight令某人非常高兴的是



take delight in 以……为乐 with delight 高兴地

(2)delighted adj. 高兴的；快乐的 be delighted to_do sth. 乐意做某事 be delighted at 因……感到高兴 (3)delightful adj. 使人快乐的；宜人的语境助记

①To_my_delight,_I was chosen from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony. 令我高兴的是，在几百个申请者中我被选中参加开幕式。 ②We take_delight_in going for long walks in the country. 我们乐于去乡间远足。

③[2016·全国卷Ⅱ]I was delighted_at the presence of such a student. 我对这样一个学生的出现感到很高兴。

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④Thanks for the invitation; I'd be_delighted_to come. 谢谢你的邀请；我很乐意来。

⑤[2016·全国卷Ⅱ]It's delightful_to_see so many beautiful flowers. 看到这么多漂亮的花真令人高兴。

过关演练

单句语法填空

在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

1．There is no ________(possible) that he can finish the task in such a short time. 答案：possibility There is no possibility＋that 从句“……没有可能”。

2．This job doesn't pay well, but it'll ________(rough) cover your daily expenses.

答案：roughly 句意：这份工作待遇不是很好，但是支付你的日常开销还是没大问题。roughly“大概地”，此处修饰动词cover。

3．This former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist ________ (attract)．答案：attraction 由空前的a major tourist可知，此处应填名词形式。

4．Tourists ________ (arrange) by travel companies tend to stay at big foreignowned hotels, buying few local products.

答案：arranged 句意：旅行社安排的游客倾向于待在大的外资旅馆里，很少买当地产品。空格后的by是解题关键。空格处应填过去分词短语作后置定语，表被动。

5．She was delighted ________ the news of the wedding. 答案：at be delighted at “因……感到高兴”。

6．When would it be ________ (convenience) for you to start work?

答案：convenient 句意：你什么时候方便开始工作呢？It is convenient for sb. to do sth.“对某人来说做某事是方便的”。

7．No matter how ________ (attract) they look in the store, once I get them home they're unfailingly dry, hard, and tasteless.

答案：attractive 句意：无论它们在商店里看起来是多么地诱人，一旦我将它们买回家，它们就一定会发干、变硬，并且索然无味。attractive “吸引人的；有吸引力的”。

8．I think this was perhaps the most ________(enjoy) occasion we have ever had at the White House. 答案：enjoyable enjoyable“令人愉快的”，形容词修饰名词occasion。 9．________(thrill) at the good news, she couldn't say a word.

答案：Thrilled be thrilled at ... “对……感到兴奋”，此处用过去分词短语作状语。 10．The beauty of Venice consists largely ________ the style of its ancient buildings. 答案：in 句意：威尼斯的美很大程度上在于城中古建筑物的风格。consist in “在于”。

1 divide...into... 把……分成……

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England can be divided into three main areas.(P9) 英格兰可以划分为三个主要地区。归纳拓展

divide...in half/into halves把……分成两半divide up划分；分配

divide among/between 在……之间分配divided adj. 分裂的；有分歧的语境助记

①[牛津高阶]A sentence can be divided up into meaningful segments. 一个句子可以划分成有意义的若干部分。 ②We divided the work between us. 我们共同分担这项工作。

③The government is divided on this issue. 政府在这个问题上意见不统一。易混辨析

divide separate 图解助记

(...into...)常指把某个整体划分为若干部分 (...from...)表示“将……与……分开”，指把原来连在一起或靠近的事物分隔开来

④用divide和separate的正确形式填空 a．Our class is divided_into two teams.

b．Are you anxious and restless if you are separated_from your mobile phone? 2 take the place of 代替

All of the words below can take the place of said, but they are used under different conditions...(P12)

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下面所有的单词都可以代替said，但它们用于不同的情况…… 归纳拓展

take place 发生；举行(不及物动词短语，无被动语态) take one's place 取代某人 in the place of 代替；取代 in place 在适当的位置

out_of place 不适当的；不在适当的位置上语境助记

①[牛津高阶]Computers have taken_the_place_of_ typewriters in most offices. 在大多数办公室，电脑已经取代了打字机。

②The 31st Olympic Games took_place in Brazil in 2016. 第三十一届奥运会于2016年在巴西举行。

③She couldn't attend the meeting so her assistant took_her_place. 她不能参加会议，所以她的助手代她出席。

④In_place_of our advertised programme, we will be showing a film. 我们将放映一部电影来代替广告节目。

⑤The chairs for the concert were nearly all in_place. 音乐会要用的椅子差不多都摆好了。

3 break down (机器)出故障；(计划、希望、谈判等)失败；身体垮掉；分解

On my way to the station my car broke down.(P13) 在去车站的路上，我的汽车坏了。归纳拓展

break away from 脱离政党；打破陈规、陋习break in 打断谈话；插嘴break into 闯入

break out 战争、火灾等爆发

break through 突破；穿透

break up 分散；拆散；结束；关系等破裂语境助记

①写出下列句中break down的含义

a．The car broke down on the way to the airport.(车辆)抛锚

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b．Your health will break down if you work too hard.(身体)垮掉 c．Plastic bags are difficult to break down.分解

d．The peace talks broke down with no agreement reached.(谈判)失败

②[2016·北京高考]Norton Sound was covered with ice, which could sometimes break_up without warning. 诺顿湾被冰层覆盖，而有时冰层会悄无声息地破裂。

③Scientists think they are beginning to break_through in the fight against cancer. 科学家认为他们在对抗癌症的研究中开始有所突破。图解助记

break down

过关演练

选词填空

leave out； divide...into； break down； take the place of； consist of； break out； to one's credit； in memory of； refer to； come into conflict with 1．Nothing could ________ the family he had lost. 答案：take the place of 2．________ he came out first. 答案：To his credit

3．Please ________ the cake ________ quarters and share it equally. 答案：divide; into

4．The two companies often ________ each other as a result of competition. 答案：come into conflict with

5．His health ________ under the pressure of work. 答案：broke down

6．The world ________ seven continents and four oceans. 答案：consists of

7．Armed conflict is likely to ________ between the two countries. 答案：break out

8．You've ________ the most important word in this sentence. 答案：left out

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9．It was foolish of you to ________ your notes in such an important test. As a result, you got punished. 答案：refer to

10．The town was named after Mr Smith, ________ his great contributions to its development. 答案：in memory of

1 It looked splendid when_first_built！(P14) 刚建成时，它(圣保罗大教堂)看起来真是金碧辉煌！归纳拓展

(1)当when引导的状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致或主语为it，且谓语部分是动词be的某种形式，这时可把从句的主语(或it)连同谓语动词be省略掉，省略后的部分为 “when＋分词/介词短语/形容词/名词短语等”。

(2)引导状语从句时可以省略的连词还有：

while, once, as, as if, when, unless, until, even if, though, if等。语境助记

①Once_(it_is)_seen,_it'll never be forgotten. 一旦见到，它就不会被忘记。

②[2016·天津高考]When_(I_was)_planning Encyclopaedia Britannica (《大英百科全书》)，I had to create a table of contents based on the topics of its articles.

但计划《大英百科全书》的时候，我不得不以它里边文章的话题为基础创建了一个内容表。 ③If_(you_are)_accepted for the job, you'll be informed soon. 如果你被录用做这份工作的话，你会很快被通知的。

④If__(it_is)_possible,_I'll go to see my grandparents this weekend. 如果有可能的话，这周末我去看我的祖父母。 ⑤Be careful when_(you_are)_crossing_the_street. 过街时要当心。

2 It_seemed_strange_that the man who had developed communism should_have_lived_and_died in London.(P14)

这似乎令人不可思议：这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过，并且在伦敦去世。归纳拓展

(1)在“It＋系动词＋形容词(strange, necessary, natural, important) that...”句型里，that引导的主语从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气，形式为“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。

(2)在It is/was suggested (ordered, required, desired, advocated, etc.) that...句型中，that引导的主语从句用虚拟语气，形式为“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。

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语境助记

①It is strange that he_(should)_have_done such silly things. 真是奇怪，他竟然做出如此愚蠢的事情。

②It is recommended that the plan (should)_be_put_off. 有人建议推迟这个计划。

3 Now when people refer to England you find_Wales_included as well.(P10) 现在当人们谈到英格兰时，你会发现威尔士也被包含在内。归纳拓展

(1)本句属于“find＋宾语＋作宾语补足语的过去分词”结构，其中过去分词是对宾语Wales进行补充说明，与Wales之间存在被动关系。

(2)“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的句型结构常为：

doing表示主动和动作正在进行done表示被动和动作已经完成

语＋宾补

n./adj./adv./prep.短语

find＋宾 语境助记

①[牛津高阶]They found_him_to_be charming. 他们觉得他很招人喜欢。

②I suddenly found_myself_running down the street. 我突然发觉自己不知不觉沿着街道跑了起来。 ③I found it a_boring_film. 我发现那是一部乏味的影片。

④I hope to find you in_better_spirits when we meet again. 我希望我们下次见面时，你的精神状况会更好。 ⑤You may find_it_hard to accept your illness. 你可能觉得难以接受自己的疾病。

过关演练

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

用括号内单词的正确形式填空。

1．________(lose) in thought, she did not seem to notice that everyone was looking at her. 答案：Lost 句意：她沉思着，似乎没有注意到大家都在看着她。(be) lost in thought “陷入沉思”。从句的逻辑主语和主句的主语一致，谓语动词中含有的be动词可省略。

2．Video games can be a poor influence if ________ (leave) in the wrong hands.

答案：left 句意：电子游戏如果使用不当就会产生不良影响。此处考查状语从句的省略。video games与leave

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在逻辑上存在被动关系，故用过去分词。

3．When I returned to my office, I found my desk ________ (remove)．

答案：removed 句意：当我回到办公室时，我发现我的桌子被搬走了。由句意可知，应填过去分词removed作宾补，表示被动。

4．It is necessary that the problem ________ (discuss) at once.

答案：(should) be discussed 句意：立刻讨论这个问题很有必要。此处考查虚拟语气，且问题(problem)是被讨论，故用被动语态。

5．Once ________ (form), the bad habits are hard to get rid of.

答案：formed 句意：坏习惯一旦形成，便很难改掉。此处考查状语从句的省略，补充完整为：Once (they are) formed...。

Ⅱ.完成句子

1．He ________________ to solve the problem. 他发现要解决这个问题很难。答案：found it very difficult

2．It is important that we ________________ when we are facing difficulties. 当我们面临困难的事情时，保持冷静是重要的。答案：(should) keep calm

3．When ________________ where she was from, the little girl was only crying, saying nothing. 当被问到她是哪里人时，这个小女孩只是哭，什么也不说。答案：(she was) asked

过去分词作宾补

宾语补足语一般放在宾语之后，对宾语起补充说明的作用，而过去分词作宾补，一般表示被动或完成的意义，

宾语是过去分词动作的对象。

I noticed their car parked outside. 能用过去分词作宾补的几类动词

(1)表示感觉和心理状态的动词，如：see, hear, watch, feel, think, find, notice, listen to等。 He was about to enter the hall when he heard his name called. (2)表示“致使”意义的动词，如：make, get, have, keep，leave等。

Lucy has a great sense of humour and always ketif her colleagues amused with her stories. 名师点睛

“have＋宾语＋过去分词”的三种用法：

①表示让别人做某事

Mrs Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had repaired went wrong again.

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②表示“遭遇某种不幸；受到打击”等

My sister had her wallet stolen on a bus last month. ③表示自己完成某事或自己参与完成某事

Li Hua hopes that his English teacher will suggest a good way to have his English improved in a short period of time.

(3)表示“希望，愿望或要求”等意义的词，如：want, wish, like, expect, order等。 The teacher wouldn't like the problem discussed at the moment.

(4)用在“with＋名词/代词＋过去分词”结构中，表示宾语和宾补之间是被动关系。 With the work finished, they went to the seaside for a holiday. 现在分词与过去分词作宾补的区别

现在分词作宾补，宾语是动作的执行者

过去分词作宾补，宾语是动作的承受者

I found him lying on the grass just now. I found him buried in a novel.

过关演练

单句语法填空

用括号内单词的正确形式填空。

1．I would like this matter ________ (settle) immediately.

答案：settled 句意：我希望此事立即得到解决。would like sth. done “希望某事被……”，故填settled。 2．The speaker raised his voice but still couldn't make himself ________ (hear)．答案：heard make oneself heard/understood “使自己被(别人)听到/理解”。

3．It was mainly for this reason that the Brazilian government decided to have a new city ________(build) 600 miles northwest of Rio de Janeiro.

答案：built 句意：主要是因为这个原因巴西政府才决定在里约热内卢西北600英里处建一座新的城市。宾语a new city与build之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故用v.ed形式作宾补，构成have sth. done结构。

4．I'd like to see the plan ________(carry) out.

答案：carried 句意：我想看到这个计划被执行。the plan与carry之间为被动关系，因此过去分词carried作宾语补足语。

5．When I got into the office, I found Mr Green ________(bury) in his work, without noticing my arrival. 答案：buried 句意：当我进入办公室时，我发现格林先生埋头工作，没有注意到我已经到了。本题考查非谓语动词作宾补。宾语格林先生与bury之间为逻辑上的被动关系且表示状态，故答案为buried。

Ⅰ.阅读理解(建议用时16′)

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[2017·山东泰安模拟]Death ratesW1 for heart disease in Britain have dropped by more than 40 percent in a decadeW2， UK scientists will report today.

Wide uptake of cholesterol－busting statin drugs(降胆固醇药), healthier lifestyles and better medical practices have seen a huge reduction in deaths caused by heart attacks, stroke and other cardiovascular(心血管的) problems.

However, heart disease remains Britain's biggest killer.

The new study, by experts at Oxford University, shows there has been a 44.4 percent drop in death rates among men in the UK and a 43.6 percent drop among women linked to heart problems in the ten years to 2011.

The team compared death rate associated withP1 cardiovascular disease across Europe. They found that Britain has one of the best records in Europe, with 342 deaths as a result of heart disease per 100,000 men in 2011, and 232 per 100,000 women.

Some nations—including Ukraine, Macedonia and Moldova—see more than 1,000 heart deaths per 100,000 of the population.

OverallW3， heart disease causes 45 percent of all deaths across Europe, but only 27 percent in the

UK. The study, led by Dr Nick Townsend, showed that cardiovascular disease is mainlyW4 a disease of old age.

But researchers said that across Europe it still causes more than 1.4 million deaths in those agedW5 under 75 and nearly 700,000 deaths in under 65s. Dr Townsend said, “Cardiovascular disease results inP2 49 percent of deaths among women and 41 percent among men.”

篇章导读：本文是一篇科普类阅读文，文中讲述英国的心脏病死亡率在近十年来下降了百分之四十多，但心脏病仍然是英国国民健康的最大杀手。

1．From the text we can know ________.

A．heart disease no longer threatens the British

B．the heart death rate among British men is lower than among women C．the old mainly dies of stroke in Europe

D．the heart death rate in Ukraine is higher than that in Britain

答案：D 推理判断题。由第五段第二句可知，英国男人在2011年因心脏疾病致死的死亡率是十万分之342，女人的死亡率是十万分之232。由第六段可知，乌克兰的死亡率是十万分之一千多。故选D项。

2．What does the word “it” in the last paragraph refer to? A．Stroke. C．Lung disease.

B．Cardiovascular disease. D．Heart attacks.

答案：B 词义猜测题。由倒数第二段“The study, led by Dr Nick Townsend, showed that cardiovascular disease is mainly a disease of old age.”可知，研究表明，心血管病是种老年病。再根据最后一段中的“But researchers said that across Europe it still causes more than 1.4 million deaths in those aged under 75 and nearly 700,000 deaths in under 65s.”可知，it指的就是心血管疾病。故选B项。

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3．How does the author support his idea? A．By analyzing data. B．By following processes.

C．By describing his own experiences. D．By discussing research experiments.

答案：A 推理判断题。根据第四段中可知，该研究结果及作者的观点都是通过分析数据得出的。故选A项。

W重点单词

1．rate n. 率；比率 2.decade n. 十年 3．overall adv. 全部地；总体来说 4．mainly adv. 主要地；首要地 5．aged adj. ……岁的；年老的 P重点短语

1．be associated with 与……有关/有联系 2．result in 导致

If there's one thing the British are good at, it's watching telly. You may think the Americans would beat us at that, but we've taken and turned it into an art form. Like most people, our favorite TV subject is ourselves, which has led to a number of shows aiming to be as British as possible. So if you want to learn how to be British, sit down to a few episodes of these distinctlyW1 British shows.

DOCTOR WHO

Political aside, Doctor Who owes its long television life not only to a brilliant central character, terrifying alien foes and intelligent scriptwriting, but also to a distinctly British way of doing things. If the Earth is the Doctor's favorite planet, it's clear that Britain is his favorite country.

SHERLOCK

The global popularityW2 of the modernized Sherlock Holmes series has proven yet again that no amount of big blockbuster allgunsblazing cop shows can compete with the reservedW3 and sharp detectiveW4 work of one of Britain's most wellloved characters. Benedict Cumberbatch has been rightly lauded for his depiction of the fastthinking private eye, which has proven again we British are good at more than drinking tea.

BLACKADDER

Similar toP1 the Pythons, the brilliance of Blackadder is set in its genius application of witty and

classically British humor. From the dulcet tones of lead man Rowan Atkinson to the clumsy sidekick Tony Robinson, there's no better show for telling what makes the British British and having a good laugh at

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it, including an entire season of pointing fun at the French, one of the most British activities.

FRIENDS

I know what you're thinking—Friends is an American show, about Americans' living in America! How can it be distinctly British? But perhaps you're not aware that, apart from Season 1, Friends is written entirely by British writers, and if you watch the first season in comparison toP2 the others, the difference really shows. British sense of humor can't be replicated artificiallyW5. It's a fine art by a natural hand. As an English student, I figure—Friends is, and although they speak in American accents, a British!

篇章导读：本文通过介绍英国四部十分受欢迎的电视剧来分析真正的英国人的国民性格。 4．If you hunger to laugh, ________ is the best choice. A．Sherlock C．Friends

B．Blackadder D．Doctor Who

答案：B 细节理解题。根据文章BLACKADDER标题下的“...classically British humor”及“...there's no better show for telling what makes the British British and having a good laugh at it...”可知，《黑爵士》展示了经典的英式幽默，是让你发笑的最佳选择。故选B项。

5．What is stressed by the text?

A．The British are crazy about teadrinking. B．Friends is actually made by the British.

C．The British are always finding faults with the French. D．The British are good at producing and watching telly.

答案：D 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一二句“If there's one thing the British are good at, it's watching telly...but we've taken and turned it into an art form. ”可知，文章强调英国人擅长观看并制作电视剧。故选D项。

6．The main purpose of the text is to ________. A．challenge the American show lovers B．advertise the British most loved shows C．provide some information about the British D．introduce the techniques of the British shows

答案：C 推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句“So if you want to learn how to be British, sit down to ... British shows.”可知，文章通过一些英剧告诉读者如何成为真正的英国人。由此可推知，本文的写作目的是为读者提供一些关于英国人的信息。故选C项。

7．What would the author be? A．A devoted British.

B．A confident movie reviewer. C．A cool British shows hand. D．An English showmaking major.

答案：A 推理判断题。根据文章第一段第二句作者使用第一人称we，且并不认为英剧会被美剧打败以及文中

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通过几部英剧的介绍可知，作者对英剧感到十分自豪。由此可判断，作者是一位忠实的英国人。故选A项。

W重点单词

1．distinctly adv. 明显地；非常；清楚地 2．popularity n. 受欢迎；普及；流行 3．reserved adj. 内向的；寡言少语的 4．detective n. 侦探；警探

5．artificially adv. 人工地；人造地 P重点短语

1．be similar to... 与……相似 2．in comparison to... 与……相比较

Ⅱ.七选五(建议用时8′)

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

It is necessary to be reasonable and flexible enough to avoid conflicts as much as possible and live in peace with others.__1__If you have done all your best to avoid conflicts and you are still arguing, then read these effective tips on how to avoid conflicts.

Don't get in the center of the conflict.

Sometimes people can get in the center of conflicts due to their enthusiasm for offering help. Frankly speaking, it is very unwise, because it can make you the main figure of the conflict.__2__ You should focus on your own life issues.

Be kind.

__3__Life is full of conflicts and disagreements, that's why you should find more conservative ways of dealing with them. For example, kindness can lessen the conflict.

Try to be a peacekeeper.

Peacekeepers tend to cooperate with people without bad emotions which usually lead to arguments and even conflicts.“__4__”This saying is the life motto of a natural－born peacekeeper. Don't worry if you are not a natural－born peacekeeper; you can gain this skill during life.

Walk off.

When the conflict is gathering pace and you can't manage to control yourself, you should choose to handle the situation in another way. By all means, try to keep yourself away from stress. __5__You should get away from the situation for a while.

A．Conflicts are unavoidable, so try to accept them. B．The greatest victory is a battle not fought.

C．It is helpful to put some distance between yourself and the opponent. D．Let other people solve their problems without your presence.

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E．Weak people usually desire others to offer help and support.

F．Arguing can either break your friendship or affect your relationship to some degree. G．When someone pushes you to the limit, try to act kindly towards this person. 篇章导读：文章介绍了几种有效避免和应付冲突的方法。

1．F 只有知道了冲突的严重危害，我们才能去想法避免它。F项符合语境，故选F。

2．D 下文提到了“You should focus on your own life issues.”，故建议你不要涉及到冲突当中去，让其他人解决他们自己的问题。

3．G 本段中的关键词为kind，和kindly相呼应。

4．B 竭力维持和平友好，即“The greatest victory is a battle not fought.”。

5．C 由上文keep yourself away from stress可知，此处表示让自己与对手保持距离或者远离对手。故选C。 Ⅲ.语法填空(建议用时8′)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

A father is very worried about his son, __1__ acts like a coward. So his father paid a visit to the master and __2__ (ask) him to train his son.

The master said, “I promise I'll be able to train your child __3__ a real man in three months.” Three months later, his father came __4__(pick) the child. The master arranged a match between the child __5__ his coach to show the three－month training result.

At Round One, the child __6__ (knock) down and fell to the ground. He stood up to meet the challenge. But he was knocked down again, and once again he stood up to fight...this was repeated six times.

The master asked his father, “Do you think your child's __7__ (perform) is that of a man？” The father said, “I feel ashamed for __8__！ I never expected that he would be so weak after a threemonth __9__(train)．” The master said, “I don't agree with you, and I regret that you only see __10__ surface of things. You have not seen the courage and perseverance in your son. This is the very spirit of a man！”

1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9．________ 10.________

篇章导读：有位伟人曾说：成功就是历经失败还不屈不挠地站起来持续奋斗的能力。本文中的大师向我们揭示了这样的人生哲理。

1．who 考查非限制性定语从句。who在从句中作主语。

2．asked 考查动词的时态。and连接并列谓语；由paid可知，此句为一般过去时。 3．into 考查固定搭配。train sb. into sb.意为“把某人训练成……的人”。 4．to pick 考查非谓语动词。不定式to pick作目的状语。 5．and 考查固定搭配。between表示两者之间，常与and连用。 6．was knocked 考查动词的语态。语意为“孩子被击倒在地上了”。 7．performance 考查词性转换。名词所有格相当于形容词，故其后用名词。 8．him 考查固定搭配。feel ashamed for sb.意为“为某人感到羞愧”。

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9．training 考查介词。after为介词，故其后用training。 10．the 考查冠词。特指这件事情的表面，故用定冠词the。 Ⅳ.书面表达(建议用时20′)

[2017·成都检测]假定你是王华，目前正在英国做交换生。你的英国朋友Debbie送了你一张Ceilidh Dance舞会票。现在，请给她写封邮件致谢，并询问有关情况(箭头所指内容)。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

[标准范文] Dear Debbie，

I'm delighted to receive your ticket for the Ceilidh Dance. I really feel grateful for your kindness and it surely makes my cultural experience here more colorful. Here, I'd like to know some details about the dance party.

First, could you give me a brief introduction of this dance so I can know something about it before attending it. Besides, I'd like to know whether I need to bring anything like a bag or present and particularly what kind of clothes and shoes I'm supposed to wear, the formal ones or the casual ones. Finally, I'm wondering how I can get there and avoid being late.

Looking forward to your early reply.

Yours， Wang Hua

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话题素材——未来生活

好词

1.harmonious adj. 和谐的 2.innovative adj. 创新的 3.civilization n. 文明

4.breathtaking adj. 令人惊叹的；激动人心的 5.milestone n. 里程碑 6.advanced science 尖端科学 7.technical innovation 技术创新 8.sustainable_development 可持续发展 9.make_progress 取得进步 10.let alone 更不用说 11.realize vt. 实现；意识到

12.live/lead a/an...life 过……的生活 13.living standard 生活水平

14.be satisfied/content with 对……感到满意佳句

1.In the last decades, advances in medical technology have_made_it_possible for people to live longer than in the past.

在过去的几十年间，医疗技术的进步已经使得人们比过去活的时间更长成为可能。 2.Science plays_an_important_role_in our daily life. 科学在我们的日常生活中起重要作用。

3.Life in the future is not what_it_used_to_be. 未来的生活和过去是不一样的。

[精美语篇] Life in the future

As time goes by, there are going to be great changes in our everyday life in the future. For example, when we are hungry, we don't need to cook in a hurry. Just take some pills, and everything will be OK. When we are free, we can go to other planets for holidays by spacecraft, which will be very cheap, just like taking a taxi now. And of course, if we want to see what is like under the sea, just

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travel down there in a flying object like UFO or in an unmanned bus through a special tunnel. Maybe there will be a lot of buildings and people living there.

I believe our life in the future will be more convenient, interesting and wonderful.

高频单词

1．impression (n.) 印象；感想；印记→impress (vt.) 使留下深刻印象→impressive (adj.) 给人深刻印象的

2．constant (adj.) 时常发生的；连续不断的→constantly (adv.) 不断地 3．surroundings (n.) 周围的事物；环境→surrounding (adj.) 周围的

4．tolerate (vt.) 容忍；忍受→toleration (n.) 容忍；忍受→tolerant (adj.) 忍受的 5．lack (vi.&vt.) 缺乏；没有 (n.) 缺乏；短缺的东西→lacking (adj.) 缺乏的；短缺的 6．adjustment (n.) 调整；调节→adjust (vt.) 调整

7．press (vi.&vt.) 按；压；逼迫 (n.) 按；压；印刷；新闻→pressure (n.) 压力 8．optimistic (adj.) 乐观(主义)的→optimism (n.) 乐观主义

9．instant (n.) 瞬间；片刻 (adj.) 立即的；立刻的→instantly (adv.) 立即；立刻

10．representative (n.) 代表；典型人物 (adj.) 典型的；有代表性的→represent (vt.) 代表 11．settlement (n.) 定居；解决→settle (v.) 定居；解决→settler (n.) 定居者

12．uncertain (adj.)不确切的；无把握的→uncertainly(adv.)犹豫地；迟疑地→uncertainty(n.)犹豫；迟疑；无把握

13．guide (n.)指导；向导；导游(vt.)指引；指导→guidance(n.)指引→guiding(adj.)给予指导的；有影响的

重点短语

1．take_up 拿起；接受；开始；继续 2．be_back_on_one's_feet (困境后)恢复；完全复原 3．lose_sight_of... 看不见…… 4．sweep_up 打扫；横扫

5．slide_into (快捷而悄声地)移动；溜进…… 6．speed_up 加速 7．as_a_result 结果 8．be_similar_to 与……相似 9．in_all_directions 向四面八方 10．show_sb._around 带领某人参观 11．assist_in 帮助；援助；协助

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12．be_optimistic_about 对……感到乐观

热点句型

2018 第一部分/ 必修5 Unit 3 Life in the future]金版教程·英语[R] NEW1.特殊疑问词＋插入语(do you think/suppose/expect/believe等)＋陈述语序

Which problems do_you_think (你认为)people will have overcome in one thousand years？(教材P17) 2．形容词＋不定式(作状语)，主动表被动

At first my new surroundings were difficult_to_tolerate (难以忍受)．(教材P18) 3．过去分词短语在句子中作状语

Hit by a_lack_of_fresh_air (由于缺乏新鲜空气), my head ached.(教材P18) 4．make＋宾语＋宾语补足语

“Put on this mask，” he advised. “It'll make_you_feel_much_better(使你感觉好些)．” (教材P18) 5．what引导的名词性从句

However, I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what_looked_like_a_large_market (一个看上去像是大市场的地方) because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.(教材P18)

6．形容词作状语

Exhausted (我感到累极了), I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.(教材P18) 7．where引导定语从句，修饰先行词

Well, now there's a system where_the_waste_is_disposed_of (能处理掉废弃物) using the principles of ecology.(教材P22)

巩固训练

在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

1．I have to remind myself ________ (constant) that I am really in AD 3008. 答案：constantly

2．I still cannot believe ________ I am taking up this prize ________ I won last year. 答案：that；that

3．I can still remember the moment ________ the space stewardess called us to the capsule. 答案：when

4．These carriages float above the ground and ________ bending or pressing down in your seat, you can move swiftly.

答案：by

5．I found later ________ their leaves provided the room ________ much－needed oxygen. 答案：that；with

6．Just as I tried to make the necessary adjustment ________ this new situation, Wang Ping appeared. 答案：to

7．Soon I was back ________ my feet again and following him to collect a hovering carriage driven by computer.

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答案：on

8．________ (arrive) at a strangerlooking house, he showed me into a large, bright clean room. 答案：Arriving

9．My first visit was to a space station ________ (consider) the most modern in space. 答案：considered

10．I stared at the moving model of the waste machine, ________ (absorb) by its efficiency. 答案：absorbed

1 impression n．印象；感想；印记

FIRST IMPRESSIONS. (P17) 第一印象。归纳拓展

(1)make/leave an impression on 给……留下印象 (2)impress vt. 给……以深刻印象；使铭记

impress sb. with sth.＝impress sth. on sb. 使某人铭记某事物 be impressed by/with/at 对……印象深刻 (3)impressive adj. 给人印象深刻的；难忘的语境助记

①[2016·全国卷Ⅱ]Hundreds of people have formed_impressions_of_you through that little device(装置) on your desk.

成百上千的人已经通过你桌子上的那个小装置形成了对你的印象。

②Also, I would be meeting new people, and properly ironed clothes would help me make_a__good__impression.

当然，我会遇到新朋友，熨烫齐整的衣服会帮助我留下一个好印象。

③Much_impressed_by/at/with her diligence, the banker has decided to sponsor her till she graduates from college.

那位银行家被她的勤奋深深打动，决定资助她直到大学毕业。 ④My father always impresses me the importance of hard work. 我父亲总要我牢记努力工作的重要性。

2 lack vi. & vt.缺乏；没有 n．缺乏；短缺的东西

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Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached. (P18) 由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到头痛。归纳拓展

(1)lack sth. 缺少某物

(2)for lack of sth. 因缺乏某物；因没有某物 a lack of sth. 某物方面的短缺 no lack of 不缺乏

(3)lacking adj. 短缺的；缺乏的 be lacking in 缺少名师点睛 1

lack作名词时常与介词of连用；作动词时可用作及物动词不用被动语态，也可作不及物动词用；形

容词lacking与in连用。

2 语境助记

①Many people in African countries suffer from malnutrition for_lack_of_food. 非洲国家有很多人因食品缺乏而营养不良。

②A_lack_of/Lacking_confidence can lead to a lot of sufferings. 缺乏自信心会导致许多痛苦。

③[2016·北京高考]What is_lacking_today is the conflict between adolescents' desire for autonomy and their understanding of an unsafe world.

现在缺乏的东西是青少年对自治的渴望与他们对一个不安全的世界的理解之间的冲突。 ④Although she is rich in knowledge, she is lacking_in practical experience. 虽然她知识丰富，但是缺少实际经验。 3 tolerate vt.容忍；忍受

lack表示“缺少的东西”时，常为可数名词。

At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate. (P18) 开始的时候，新的环境让我难以忍受。归纳拓展

(1)tolerate (sb.'s) doing sth. 忍受/容忍(某人)做某事

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＝stand (sb.'s) doing sth. ＝bear sb. doing/to do sth. (2)tolerate＝put up with 忍受；容忍 (3)tolerance n. 容忍；宽容语境助记

①The school can't tolerate_students'_cheating in exams. 学校绝不容许学生考试作弊。

②She can't tolerate being_treated that way. 她不能容忍被那样对待。

③They've been too badly hurt and they can't bear to_let_it_happen again. 他们受到了严重伤害，并且他们不能容忍这样的事情再次发生。 4 instant n．瞬间；片刻 adj.立即的；立刻的

You place the metal band over your head, clear your mind, press the sending button, think your message and the next instant it's sent.(P22)

你把金属带放在头上，整理思路，按下发送按钮，然后想着你要发送的信息，片刻功夫信息就发出去了。归纳拓展

(1)in an instant＝instantly 立刻；马上 for an instant 一瞬间

(2)

一……

the moment/the minute＋从句 

就……

instantly/immediately/directly＋从句

the instant that＝instantly

名师点睛

表示“一……就……”的结构归纳：

as soon as； no sooner...than...； hardly...when...； immediately/directly/instantly＋句子； the instant/moment/minute/second＋句子； on＋动名词

语境助记

①I recognized her the_instant (that) I saw her. 我一看见她就认出了她。

②The boss wanted the job done in_an_instant. 老板要求马上做这件工作。

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③He stayed here for_an_instant and then left hurriedly. 他在这儿待了一会儿，然后就匆匆离开了。

④Instant_foods are more and more popular among people nowadays. 如今，速食食品越来越受人们的欢迎。

过关演练

单句语法填空

用括号内单词的正确形式填空。

1．Nicholas left Grylls a very deep ________ (impress) because he did the right things in the dangerous situation.

答案：impression 考查固定搭配。leave/make sb. a deep impression“给某人留下深刻印象”。 2．Having no ________(motivate) to study may be the most dangerous thing for a student. 答案：motivation 考查词性转换。motivation名词“动机”。having no motivation to study是动名词短语，作主语。

3．________ (instant) I saw him I knew he was the man the police were looking for.

答案：Instantly 考查状语从句的引导词。句意：我一看见他就认出他正是警方在寻找的那个人。instantly...＝the instant...“一……就……”。

4．The secret of happiness is to think about positive things and stay ________ (optimism)．答案：optimistic 考查词性转换。根据空前的系动词stay可知，应填形容词作表语。句意：幸福的秘诀在于考虑积极的事情并且保持乐观。

5．They have decided to make a few ________(adjust) to their travelling plan. 答案：adjustments 考查词性转换。make a few adjustments to“对……作出一些调整”。

6．After running through the numbers in every possible ________(combine), we finally hit on a solution. 答案：combination 考查词性转换。combination“联合；结合”。 7．After a week, the two groups ________ (switch) with participants.

答案：switched 考查动词过去式。语境叙述过去发生的事，故用一般过去时。句意：一周之后，这两个组交换了参与者。

8．You can brush with the Kolibree as if ________ (guide) by a dentist.

答案：guided 考查状语从句的省略。主语you与guide之间为被动关系，故填过去分词。句意：使用这款Kolibree牙刷刷牙就好像牙医在指导你刷牙。

9．They were both ________(certain) about what to do and went to their uncle for help.

答案：uncertain 考查形容词反义词。根据句中went to their uncle for help可知，应该是不确定的(uncertain)。

10．When neighbours want to get along well with each other, they have to show their ________ (tolerant)．答案：tolerance 考查词性转换。句意：如果邻居想要彼此融洽相处，他们必须展示他们的宽容。

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1 take up 拿起；接受；开始从事；继续；占用(时间)；占据(空间)

I still cannot believe that I am taking up this prize that I won last year.(P17) 我还是不能相信我是在接受去年获得的这个奖励。归纳拓展

take off 脱掉衣服等；起飞；事业腾飞take over 接管take apart 拆开

take down 写下；记下；拆除take care of 照顾

take in 吸收；接纳；领会；欺骗take on 呈现；雇用；承担；从事

take... for granted 认为……是理所当然的语境助记

①写出下列句中take up的含义

a．After he retired from office, Royers took up painting for a while, but soon lost interest.开始从事

b．Are you going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing？接受 c．We tried to find a table for seven, but they were all taken up.占用 d．She took up the story where Tim had left off.继续 ②If we don't take_care_of the earth, no one will. 如果我们不保护地球，没有人会的。

③[牛津高阶]Don't be taken_in by his charm—he is ruthless. 不要被他那迷人的风度所蒙蔽，其实他冷酷无情。

④[2016·天津高考]In such a situation, I work as hard as I can—then let the unconscious take_over. 在这样的情形下，我尽可能地努力工作——然后让无意识控制自己。

⑤Internet shopping will really take_off when people make sure that it is safe. 当人们确信了网购的安全性时，它将真正地成功了。 2 lose sight of 看不见

However, I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.(P18)

但是，当我们到达一个看上去像是大市场的地方时，由于车辆朝四面八方飞奔，我看不见王平了。

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归纳拓展

sight n. 视力；视野 come into sight 进入视野 catch sight of 看见 lose one's sight 失明 at first sight 乍一看 at the sight of 一看到…… out_of sight 在视野外；看不见 in sight 在视野内语境助记

①They finally lost_sight_of land. 他们终于看不见陆地了。

②[牛津高阶]Out_of_sight,_out of mind. 眼不见，心不烦。

③I felt very glad, for I caught_sight_of my old friend in the crowd. 我非常高兴，因为在人群中我看见了我的老朋友。 3 speed up 加速

When we wanted the hovering carriage to speed up, we pressed down hard on the driving pedal and bent over in the direction we wanted to go.(P20)

当我们想让气垫车加速时，我们就用力踏驱动踏板，并且向想去的方向俯身。归纳拓展

speed n．速度；v.加速；急行 slow down 减速

at a speed of...以……的速度

at high/low/full/top speed 以高/低/全/最高速度 pick up speed 加速 reduce speed 减速语境助记

①Plenty of fresh air and exercise will speed_up his recovery. 充足的新鲜空气和体育锻炼将加速他的康复。

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②The train began to pick_up_speed when it left the station. 刚出车站火车开始加速。

③Light moves through each matter at_a_different_speed. 光以不同的速度穿过每一种物质。

过关演练

选词填空

lose sight of； sweep up； take up； be back on one's feet； take on； at first sight； for lack of； the instant； be similar to； in all directions 1．Peter will ________ his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month. 答案：take up

2．Only a shortsighted man will ________ the importance of education. 答案：lose sight of

3．Shortly after an earthquake, the city ________ a new look. 答案：took on

4．After six hours' sleep, he ________ now. 答案：is back on his feet

5．________he got home, he closed the door and was lost in thought. 答案：The instant

6．Several research institutions were closed down ________ fund. 答案：for lack of

7．The strong wind ________ the leaves in the street. 答案：swept up

8．We fell in love with the smartphone ________， but much to our regret, it was too dear. 答案：at first sight

9．In addition, the climate here ________ very ________ that in the USA, so there is no need for you to worry about it.

答案：is; similar to

10．After dropping a small stone into still water, we saw circles going out ________. 答案：in all directions

1 Exhausted,_I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.(P18) 我感到累极了，爬到床上很快就睡着了。归纳拓展

exhausted为形容词化的分词在句中作原因状语，相当于as I was exhausted。形容词(短语)或形容词化的分

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词在句中除充当原因状语外，还可充当时间、条件、伴随、方式、让步状语等。

语境助记

①He spent seven days in the wind and snow, cold_and_hungry. 他饥寒交迫地在风雪中度过了七天。

②Seriously_injured,_some of the passengers were sent to the nearest hospital at once. 因严重受伤，其中有些乘客被立刻送到最近的医院。

③Crusoe stared at the footprint, full_of_fear.(＝Crusoe stared at the footprint and he was full of fear.)

克鲁索盯着脚印，心里充满了恐惧。

④[2016·全国卷Ⅲ]Damaged_but_not_defeated,_he was still ahead of me. 即使残疾了，但是未被打败，他仍在我之上。

2 Inside_was_an_exhibition of the most uptodate inventions of the 31st century.(P22) 太空站里展出了31世纪最先进的发明。归纳拓展

out, in, into, down, up, away, now, then, here, there等表示方位和时间的副词或表示地点的介词短语置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子的主谓部分用完全倒装。当主语为代词时不倒装。

语境助记

①[2016·天津高考]Then_came_ the final awards ceremony at the end of the year. 然后年底最终的颁奖仪式随之而来。

②In the back of the classroom sits_an_old_man. 在教室的后面坐着一位老人。

③At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River lies_Chongqing,_one of the ten largest cities in China.

重庆是中国十大城市之一，位于长江和嘉陵江的交汇处。 ④Down_came the rain and up_went_ the umbrellas. 下雨了，伞都撑起来了。 ⑤Here_are my tips for you. 这是我给你的提示。 ⑥Here he_comes. 他来了。

过关演练

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

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1．Not ________ (satisfy) with what she said he left angrily.

答案：satisfied 考查形容词。主语为he，故填描述人心理状况的表语形容词satisfied。句意：由于对她所说的话不满意，他气愤地离开了。

2．________ (frighten), she asked me to go with her.

答案：Frightened 考查形容词。句意：由于害怕，她要我跟她一起去。形容词作状语，修饰主语she。 3．Sales director is a position ________ communication ability is just as important as sales skills. 答案：where 考查定语从句。句意：销售经理是一个职位，在这个职位中，交际能力和销售技巧同等重要。先行词为position。从句中缺少状语，故填where。

4．________some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.

答案：What 考查名词性从句。句意：一些人眼中的缺点是很多人眼中的优点。what引导主语从句。 5．________(give)another hour, I can also work out this problem.

答案：Given 考查过去分词作状语。句意：如果再给我一个小时，我也能把这道题算出来。give的逻辑主语是I，且它们之间为动宾关系，因此用过去分词形式，该过去分词短语表条件。

Ⅱ.完成句子

1．Modern science ________for us to contact with each other much more easily. 现代科学使我们更便捷地互相联系成为可能。答案：makes it possible

2．Between the two buildings ________. 两座楼之间有棵大树。答案：stands a tall tree

3．In ________ the headmaster, ________ by a group of students. 校长进来了，后面跟着一群学生。答案：came; followed

过去分词作状语

过去分词在句中一般能作时间、原因、条件、让步和方式状语，相当于各类状语从句，一般表示被动的动作，也表示动作已经完成，具体情况如下：

1．时间状语

可在过去分词前加上连词when, while, until等。

Seen from the hill, the park looks even more beautiful.

＝When (the park is) seen from the hill, the park looks even more beautiful. 2．原因状语

Greatly touched by the teacher's words, the boy devoted all his time to study.

＝Because (the boy was) touched by the teacher's words, he devoted all his time to study. 3．条件状语

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Given more time, we could do it much better.

＝If (we were) given more time, we could do it much better. 4．让步状语，相当于although或though引导的让步状语从句 Left at home, John didn't feel afraid at all.

＝Although (he was) left at home, John didn't feel afraid at all. 5．方式、伴随状语

The teacher entered the classroom, followed by a group of students.

＝The teacher entered the classroom, and (he was) followed by a group of students.

注意：①选择现在分词还是过去分词作状语，关键是看主句的主语。如果分词的动作是主句的主语发出，分词就用现在分词，反之用过去分词。

Used for a long time, the book looks old. Using the book, I find it useful. ②连词＋分词/分词短语

有时为使分词短语与主句关系更清楚，可在分词前加连词，连词有：when, while, if, after, before等，但分词的逻辑主语和主句的主语必须为同一个。

While waiting there, he saw two students coming out of the building. When asked the secret of his success, he owed it to his wife and children.

过关演练

单句语法填空

用括号内单词的正确形式填空。

1．________ (break) down on the high way, his car was carried away by the police.

答案：Broken 句意：由于他的车在高速公路上坏了，于是被警察拖走了。break down与句子主句his car为逻辑上的动宾关系，在句中作原因状语，故用Broken。

2．________ (give) the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grow into international stars.

答案：Given 句意：如果被给予正确的训练，这些青少年足球运动员或许有一天会成为国际明星。由句意可知，应用过去分词作状语。

3．Once ________ (publish), the novel will be very popular.

答案：published the novel与publish为被动关系，故应填过去分词，在此处作状语。 4．________(amaze) at the final score, he decided to treat himself to a big dinner.

答案：Amazed 句意：得知自己的最终分数后，他喜出望外，决定吃顿大餐来犒劳自己。此处表示“人”喜出望外，故用amazed。

5．The old man got on the bus, ________ (support) by a girl.

答案：supported the old man与support为被动关系，故填过去分词supported，在此处作方式状语。

Ⅰ.阅读理解(建议用时16′)

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[2017·浙江联考]You know how much your telephone has changed over the past 10 years? Your car will change even more than that in the next 10 years.

One of the biggest changes is that cars will drive themselves. Some day you may not need to drive a car. You will just tell the car where you want to go and it will drive itself.

“We definitelyW1 have the technology for it now，” says Andrew Poliak of automotive technology supplier QNX. “We expect selfdriving cars to be a mainstream(主流) thing between 2020 and 2025.”

The American company Google has been working on a selfdriving automobile for years. These cars are already on the roads in the United States, mainly in California. Google cars are truly selfdriving. These cars have no steering wheels or pedals.

Last week, police ordered one of Google's cars to stop for driving too slowly on a public road. The car was not disobeyingW2 any law, so no one was punishedW3. But police did speak with the operatorsW4 of the vehicle.

According to Google, its selfdriving cars have been driven nearly 2 million kilometers. That is

equal toP1 the distance the average person drives in 90 years. So far, no Google selfdriving car has

gotten a traffic ticket. Some of them have been in accidents when other cars hit them.

Other companies are working on selfdriving cars. MercedesBenz. Audi, BMW, Volvo and Toyota all have plans far such vehicles.

A company BestMile called plans to operate selfdriving buses in Switzerland next spring. The buses will hold up toP2 nine people and will be tested for two years. MercedesBenz is developing large selfdriving trucks for long trips. These trucks use drivers to control them.

A company called Royal will have selfdriving trucks at constructionW5 sites in Florida by the end of this year. No drivers are needed in these vehicles.

篇章导读：本文为说明文。随着科技的发展，无人驾驶技术更加成熟，越来越多的公司投入无人驾驶汽车的开发，不久的将来，对我们来说，拥有一辆无人驾驶汽车将成为可能。

1．What Andrew Poliak said suggests that ________. A．he took pride in their technology oneselfdriving cars B．he is eager to sell their technology on selldriving cars C．he is optimistic about the development of selfdriving cars D．he feels certain that most people can own selfdriving cars

答案：C 推理判断题。根据第三段Andrew Poliak所说的话“我们现在已经掌握了这项技术，我们希望在2020年到2025年间自驾车成为主流”可知，他对于自驾车的发展很乐观。故选C项。

2．Why did the police order one of Google's cars to stop last week? A．Because its speed was too low. B．Because it disobeyed local laws. C．Because the operators behaved badly.

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D．Because there existed technology problems.

答案：A 细节理解题。根据第五段中的第一句“Last week, police ordered one of Google's cars to stop for driving too slowly on a public road.”可知，警察让谷歌的一辆汽车停下来，是因为它的速度太慢。故选A项。

3．What caused some of Google's selfdriving cars to have accidents? A．Lack of experience. C．Other cars' faults.

B．High speed.

D．Too much confidence.

答案：C 细节理解题。根据第六段中的最后两句“So far, no Google selfdriving car has gotten a traffic ticket. Some of them have been in accidents when other cars hit them.”可知，是其他车辆的过错导致谷歌的一些自驾车出车祸。故选C项。

4．Which company will start the test of selfdriving buses for 2 years? A．MercedesBen. C．BMW.

B．BestMile. D．Royal.

答案：B 细节理解题。根据第八段中的前两句“A company BestMile called plans to operate selfdriving buses in Switzerland next spring. The buses will hold up to nine people and will be tested for two years. ”可知，BestMile将对自动驾驶公共汽车做为期两年的试验。故选B项。

W重点单词

1．definitely adv. 确切地；确定地 2．disobey vt. 不服从；不顺从 3．punish vt. 惩罚；处罚 4．operator n. 操作人员；技工 5．construction n. 建筑；建造 P重点短语

1．be equal to 与……相当；等同于 2．up to 达到

What will humans look like in 1,000 years? Video suggests we could develop red eyes, have darker skin and be betterlooking. Climate change, artificial intelligence and genetic mutations(基因突变) are all set to transformW1 our bodies.

In the future tiny robots will be suddenly put into our own bodies, improving our abilities. Meanwhile, designer babies will cause future generations to grow into increasingly intelligent and attractive people. But while that will make us smarter, stronger and betterlooking, such genetic similarity, or lack of human diversity, leaves room for a single new disease of the future to wipe outP1 the entire human race. As global warming takes holdP2， humans will also be skinnier and taller, as this body shape is better

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able to dissipate heat.

Our faces may also change greatly, according to Dr Alan Kwan, who holds a PhD in computational genomics from Washington University in St Louis. Dr Kwan has created a shocking series of images which show one possible evolutionW2 for the human race over the next 100,000 years.

As genetic engineering becomes normal, “the fateW3 of the human face will be increasingly determined by human tastes，” writes Dr Kwan, while foreheads will continue to expandW4 as our brains continue to grow larger. As man achieves total control over genetics, the human face will become heavily biased(有偏见的) towards features that humans find fundamentally appealingW5： strong lines, straight nose and deep eyes.

Dr Kwan believes eyes will grow very large as the human race colonizes (开拓殖民地) the solar system and people start living in the dimmer environments of colonies further away from the sun.

Besides, our 80s or 100s are going to be so different from our grandparents. Instead of living fast and dying young, humans will live slow and die old. Some evolutionary scientists believe this age could be as high as 120 by 2050.

篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文中主要畅想了1000年后我们人类将发生的巨大变化。 5．What will happen in 1,000 years according to the text? A．Humans will become less beautiful. B．Humans will stay away from all diseases. C．Robots will replace humans in many areas. D．Humans will have higher abilities than now.

答案：D 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，随着将来微型机器人被植入人体，人类的本领会更高。 6．What does the underlined word “dissipate” in the second paragraph mean? A．Keep something in. B．Drive something out. C．Make something appear.

D．Separate something from others.

答案：B 词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句可知，将来人类会更加瘦长，而这种体形上的变化是为了应对全球变暖。由此可推知，瘦长的体形更有助于人类在日趋变暖的环境中散热。故选B项。

7．According to Dr Alan Kwan, in 100,000 years ________. A．humans will have the ability to control the solar system B．humans' foreheads will become as large as their brains C．humans will gain richer knowledge about genetics D．humans' faces will be skinnier and longer

答案：C 推理判断题。分析第四段对基因工程的介绍可推知，100000年后，人类在基因方面的知识会更加丰富。其他几项均与原文信息不符。

8．Why will the future humans have bigger eyes?

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A．To adapt to the lack of unlight. B．To adapt to the change of climate. C．To adjust to their larger foreheads. D．To make themselves more beautiful.

答案：A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可推知，由于远离太阳，未来人类生存环境中的光线会更暗，所以人们的眼睛会变大，以适应这一变化。

W重点单词

1．transform vt. 改变；转化 2.evolution n. 进化；演化 3．fate n. 命运 4.expand vt. 扩大；扩展 5．appealing adj. 有吸引力的 P重点短语

1．wipe out 彻底消灭；全部摧毁 2．take hold 固定下来

Ⅱ.七选五(建议用时8′)

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

How to build your own website

Sixty years ago, people asked about your astrological (星座) sign.__1__These days, having a web address is almost as important as a street address. Your website is an electronic meeting place for your family, friends and millions of people around the world. Best of all, you may not have to spend a cent. The web is filled with all kinds of free services and all it takes is some time and creativity.

__2__ Like the table of contents of a book or magazine, the home page is the front door. Your site can have one or more pages, depending on how you design it.

While web pages vary greatly in their design and content, most use a traditional magazine layout (编排). __3__Next comes a greeting and a short description of the site. Pictures, texts; and links to other websites follow.

Before you start building your site, do some planning. Think about whom the site is for and what you want to say.

__4__

Draw a rough layout on a sheet of paper.

While there are no rules you have to follow, there are a few things to keep in mind：

◆__5__If you aim too high at the beginning, you may never get the site off the ground. You can always add something new to your site.

◆Less is better. Most people don't like to read a lot of texts online. Break it into small pieces. ◆Smaller is better. Since it takes a long time to download large picture files, keep the file sizes

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small.

Now it's time to roll up your sleeves and start building. Learning the net communities helps provide tools to help you build your site.

A．Start simply.

B．A personal website is not usual today. C．Nowadays, they want to know your website. D．Pay attention to the contents of your website. E．At the top of the page is a banner (横幅) GRAPHIC. F．Next, gather up the material you want to put on the site. G．Think of your home page as the starting point of your website. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章告诉了我们如何建立自己的网站。

1．C 前文提到六十年前人们谈论星座，空格后说近来人们纷纷建立起自己的网站，故C项承上启下。 2．G 本段主要讲主页(home page)的作用，唯有G项表达了此意。

3．E 关于网页的内容及布局，首先应从最顶端位置设计起，E项符合语境。

4．F 空格上一段交待了建立网站首先应做的事，可知空格处按逻辑顺序交待下一步该如何进行。F项符合逻辑。

5．A 由后一句可知，开始时，应秉着简易原则，故A项符合语境。 Ⅲ.语法填空(建议用时9′)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

[2017·湖北黄冈月考]Hope is what makes one's life move forward. Setting goals for oneself is fine, but they are impossible to reach __1__ hope. Many people believe that hope is what creates disappointment. __2__ a sad belief that is! In reality, hope provides one with the ability to see success in one's mind __3__ the strength needed to be __4__ (appropriate) focused on reaching one's goals.

Hope provides one with trust and gives one optimistic spirit. Hope does not create disappointment, but __5__ (expect) do. For when one expects, one unconsciously narrows one's focus. Disappointment __6__ (create) by causing one to feel pessimistic about failure, __7__ (patient) with new fears and challenges when one's limited ability to achieve goals goes away completely. Hope brings one's focus on achieving goals into __8__ (broad)view, __9__ (allow) one to see new fears and challenges and helping one to prepare for __10__.

1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9．________ 10.________

篇章导读：一个人要想成功，实现设立的目标，就必须心怀愿景。文章论述了愿景对于我们实现人生梦想的价值。

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1．without 考查介词。此处介词短语作状语。

2．What 考查感叹句。“What a/an＋adj.＋n.(可数名词)＋(其他)！”是常见的感叹句句型。 3．and 考查连词。并列连词and在句中连接并列宾语。

4．appropriately 考查词性转换。此处为副词作状语修饰focused。 5．expectations 考查词性转换。此处为名词复数形式作主语。 6．is created 考查动词的语态。此处为一般现在时态的被动语态。

7．impatient 考查词形转换patient的反义词为impatient。根据上文语境可知，此处表示“对……不耐烦的”。

8．broader 考查形容词的比较级。此处形容词的比较级作定语修饰名词view，意为“更宽广的视野”。 9．allowing 考查非谓语动词。此处为现在分词短语作伴随状语。

10．them 考查代词。此处代词作宾语，指代上文的“new fears and challenges”。 Ⅳ.书面表达(建议用时20′)

某外籍大学来我校招生，请你用约100个单词写一篇主题为“畅想未来，规划人生”的英文短文，作为招考测试内容。

内容要点：1.规划内容； 2．规划理由； 3．实现途径；……

注意：1.短文须包含以上内容，可适当拓展； 2．开头已给出，不计入总词数； 3．短文中不能出现考生个人的具体信息。

My plan for the future

Senior year is coming to an end. It is high time for me to think about my future plan. [标准范文]

My plan for the future

Senior_year_is_coming_to_an_end._It_is_high_time_for_me_to_think_about_my_future_plan.

Since childhood, I have been dreaming to be a scientist to predict earthquakes. I can never forget miserable scenes whenever the earthquake strikes. The question “Can we do nothing but die？”often recalls in my mind. I choose not to believe that!

Three months later, I will be a college student. I am planning to take a major to gain professional knowledge. After graduation, I will choose a world－famous university, where I can exchange knowledge and skills with top experts. “Theory without experience is blind.” I will catch any chance to gain first－hand experience.

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I am determined to devote my lifetime to the great cause and firmly believe that, through joint efforts, predicting earthquakes will be a piece of cake in front of us mankind.

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话题素材——新闻制作

好词

1.headline n. 大标题；内容提要 2.remark n. 陈述；评论 3.broadcast n. & vt. 广播 4.convey vt. 表达；传递 5.journalist n．记者 6.take photographs 拍照片 7.get a scoop 抢独家新闻

8.associate...with... 把……与……联系起来 9.arrange an interview 安排采访 10.have an eye for 对……有鉴别力 11.cover/go_on a story 去采访

12.offer job opportunities 提供就业机会 13.press_conference 新闻发布会 14.keep pace with 跟上……的速度

15.arouse wide public concern/draw public attention 引起公众的广泛关注佳句

1.Though ad has brought us great convenience, it troubles us a lot at_the_same_time. 虽然广告给我们带来了极大的方便，但同时也给我们带来了很多烦恼。 2.This issue has caused_wide_public_concern. 这个问题已经引起了公众的广泛关注。

3.Whether you can become a successful journalist depends_on whether you work hard enough. 你是否能成为一名成功的记者取决于你工作是否足够努力。 [精美语篇]

Nowadays with the development of modern media, we are often exposed to all kinds of advertisements every day. We students are easily influenced by them. Some of us will even be taken in by them.

As we all know, advertisements are the best way in which companies can advertise their products or service in front of people. The purpose of advertising is to increase sales of products. So the companies will try every possible means to persuade consumers to buy them.

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When we see an advertisement, we should do some researches so as to have a thorough knowledge of it. More importantly, we should never buy a product that is of no use to us just because the advertisement claims it can make us healthier or prettier.

If we take a correct attitude towards advertising, we can avoid being cheated.

高频单词

1．assist (vt.) 帮助；协助；援助→assistant (n.) 助手；助理；售货员

2．profession (n.) 职业；专业→professional (adj.) 专业的；职业的 (n.) 专业人员 3．photograph (n.) 照片 (vt.) 给……照相→photographer (n.) 摄影师

4．concentrate (vi & vt.) 集中；聚集→concentrated (adj.) 集中的；紧张的；加强的→concentration (n.) 集中；专心

5．acquire (vt.) 获得；得到；学到→acquired (adj.) 已获得的；已成习惯的→acquirable (adj.) 可得到的；可获得的

6．deliberately (adv.) 故意地；有意地→deliberate (adj.) 故意的 7．guilty (adj.) 犯罪的；有罪的；内疚的→guilt (n.) 罪行；内疚

8．technical (adj.) 技术(上)的，技巧方面的→technically (adv.) 技术上；工艺上→technology (n.) 技术

9．crime (n.) 罪行；犯罪→criminal (adj.) 犯罪的；刑事的 (n.) 罪犯 10．edition (n.) 版(本)；版次→edit (vt.) 编辑；校订→editor (n.) 编辑

11．accurate (adj.) 精确的；正确的→accurately (adv.) 正确地；精密地→accuracy (n.) 精确；准确 12．approve (vt.) 批准；赞成；认可→(反义词)disapprove (vt.) 不批准；不赞成→approval (n.) 赞成；批准；认可

13．process (n.) 过程；程序；步骤 (vt.) 加工；处理→procession (n.) 行列；队伍 14．appointment (n.) 约会；任命→appoint (v.) 约定；任命 15．inform (vt.) 告知；通知→information (n.) 消息

16．demand (n.) 需求；要求(vt.) 强烈要求→demanding (adj.) 苛求的，严格的 17．thorough (adj.) 彻底的；详尽的→thoroughly (adv.) 彻底地；详细地 18．admirable (adj.) 值得赞扬的；令人钦佩的→admire (vt.) 钦佩，羡慕

重点短语

1．concentrate_on 集中；全神贯注于 2．depend_on 依靠；依赖

3．accuse...of 因……指责或控告……

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4．so_as_to_(do_sth.) 为了(做)…… 5．ahead_of 在……前面

6．have_a_good_nose_for... 对……有敏感的“嗅觉” 7．inform_sb._of_sth. 通知某人某事 8．keep...in_mind 把……记在心里

9．get_the_wrong_end_of_the_stick 完全误解；弄错 10．last_of_all 最后

热点句型

1．否定词置于句首的倒装结构

Never_will (永远不) Zhou Yang (ZY) forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper.(教材P26)

2．be to do结构

His discussion with his new boss, Hu Xin(HX), was_to_strongly_influence (产生了重要影响) his life as a journalist.(教材P26)

3．not only...but (also)．..连接的并列句

Not_only_am_I_interested_in (我不仅对……感兴趣) photography, but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills.(教材P26)

4．抽象地点名词＋定语从句

Have you ever had a_case_where (这一种情况) someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick？(教材P26)

巩固训练

在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 1．We're ________ (delight) you're coming to work with us. 答案：delighted

2．You'll have a ________ (profession) photographer with you to take photographs. 答案：professional

3．He denied ________ (take) money but we were sceptical. 答案：taking

4．You have to prepare the next question depending on ________ the person says. 答案：what

5．But how can I listen carefully while ________ (take) notes? 答案：taking

6．A footballer was accused ________ taking money for deliberately not scoring goals so as to let the other team win.

答案：of

7．Only if you ask many different questions ________ you acquire all the information you need to

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know.

答案：will

8．________ he realized the man had been lying, Zhou Yang knew he must not accuse him directly. 答案：Although

9．He checked the evidence, read the article and ________ (pass) it on to the copyeditor. 答案：passed

10．Zhou Yang waited ________ (excited) for the first copies to be ready. 答案：excitedly

1 assist vt.帮助；援助；协助

You'll find your colleagues very eager to assist you，...(P26) 你会发现你的同事们十分愿意协助你…… 归纳拓展

(1)assist sb. with sth. 帮助某人某事 assist sb. to_do sth. 帮助某人做某事 assist sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事 (2)assistance n. 协助

come to one's assistance 帮助某人 financial assistance 经济援助 (3)assistant n. 助手；助理语境助记

①A senior scholar would assist_him_with his work. 一位资深学者将协助他工作。

②She often assists_her_mother_in_washing bowls. 她经常帮她妈妈洗碗。

③[牛津高阶]We will assist_you_in_finding somewhere to live.(＝We will assist_you_to_find somewhere to live.)

我们将帮你找个住的地方。

④Whenever he was in trouble, I would come_to_his_assistance. 无论何时他遇到困难，我总会帮助他。

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⑤[2016·全国卷Ⅲ]I'm sure I was the last person in the world he wanted to accept_assistance from. 我肯定他最不想接受来自我的帮助。

⑥I have such a good command of English that I am elected as assistant to my English teacher. 我英语掌握地非常好，被选作英语老师的助手。 2 inform vt.通知；告知

They must use research to inform themselves of the missing parts of the story.(P26) 他们必须通过调查研究来获悉被遗漏的那部分情况。归纳拓展

(1)inform sb. of/about sth. 通知/告诉某人某事 inform sb. that/when/how... 通知某人…… keep sb. informed of 使某人随时了解…… (2)information n. 消息；信息语境助记

①They would inform him of any progress they had made. 他们会把他们取得的任何进展都告诉他。

②I regret to inform_you_that you have been unsuccessful in your application. 我遗憾地通知你，你的申请没有成功。

③Please keep_me_fully_informed_of any developments. 事态如有发展，请向我提供详情。

④[2016·北京高考]Natalie posted information_about_a_boy named Patrick, who lost his baseball card collection when his house burned down.

纳塔莉张贴了一个叫帕特里克的男孩的信息，这个男孩在自家房屋烧毁时弄丢了他的棒球卡收藏品。 3 case n．情况；病例；案例

Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick？(P26)

你有没有过这样的情况：别人控告你的记者，说他(她)们的报道完全失实？归纳拓展

in case of... 假使……；万一……

in case 以防万一(引导状语从句时，从句谓语用一般现在时代替一般将来时)

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in any case 无论如何；总之

in this/that case 如果这样/那样的话；在这种/那种情况下 in no case 决不

as is often the case 情况通常是这样名师点睛 1

case意为“情况；情形”时，若为定语从句的先行词，且从句中缺少状语时，定语从句的引导词多用where。

类似的还有：point， situation， stage， position等。

23 语境助记

①Unless we have enough evidence, we can't win_the_case. 除非我们有足够的证据，否则我们赢不了官司。

②[2016·全国卷Ⅰ]Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move in_case she injured her neck.

拉里告诉她，他已扑灭大火，并且她不应该乱动以免伤到颈部。

③[2016·全国卷Ⅱ]But in_that_case,_we will learn little about world. 但是在那种情况下，我们对世界会知之甚少。 ④In_no_case will I turn against my motherland. 我决不会背叛我的祖国。

⑤[牛津高阶]In_case_of_fire,_ring the alarm bell. 如遇火警，即按警铃。

⑥There is no simple answer, as_is_often_the_case in science. 科学往往如此，它没有一个简单的答案。 4 demand n．要求；需求 vt.强烈要求

in case后接从句时，不加that。

in no case置于句首时，句子采用部分倒装。

It was a dilemma because the footballer could have demanded damages if we were wrong. (P26) 这是一个两难问题，因为如果我们错了，那个足球队员就可以要求补偿损失。归纳拓展

(1)demand sth. 要求某物 demand to_do 要求做……

demand that...(should) do... 要求……(从句用虚拟语气，should可省略) (2)in great demand 迫切需要

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meet/satisfy one's demands 满足某人的需求名师点睛

demand不能用于demand sb. to do sth.结构；“向某人要某物”不能用demand sb. sth.结构，要用demand sth. of/from sb.结构。

①I demand_to_know what's going on. 我要求了解正在发生的事情。

②Her teachers demanded_that_she_wear longer skirts. 她的老师们要求她穿长些的裙子。

③Good graduates are always in_great_demand. 优秀毕业生总是很抢手。

④The manager promised that they would try to meet_their_customers'_demands. 经理许诺他们会尽力满足顾客的需求。 5 approve vt. 赞成；认可；批准

Last of all, the chief editor read it and approved it. (P30) 最后主编审读这篇稿子，并且批准发表。

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归纳拓展

(1)approve sth.通过、批准某事

approve of sth./sb. 赞同、赞成某事/某人 approve of one's doing sth. 允许某人做某事 (2)approval n. 批准；认可；同意；赞同 give (one's) approval to 批准

(3)disapprove vt. 不赞成；不批准；不认可 (4)disapproval n. 不批准；不认可；不同意语境助记

①Everybody approves_of_the_plans for a new school building. 大家都赞成建造一所新校舍的计划。

②I approve_of_your_trying to make some money, but please don't neglect your studies. 我赞成你去赚些钱，但不要荒废学业。

③Does what I have done meet with your_approval? 我做的事你赞成吗？

④The government gave_approval_to the project. 政府批准了那项工程。

过关演练

单句语法填空

在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

1．Cellphones are part of a growing mountain of electronic waste like computers and personal digital ________ (assist)．

答案：assistants personal digital assistant“电子记事簿；个人数码助理”。 2．Mary and I had an ________(appoint) to meet at the entrance to the zoo. 答案：appointment have an appointment to do sth. “约好去做某事”。 3．He demands that he ________ (tell) everything about it.

答案：(should) be told 句意：他要求将一切都告诉他。demand后宾语从句应用虚拟语气，构成为“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略；且tell与he为逻辑上的动宾关系，故填(should) be told。

4．He is a ________(profession) artist; he lives by selling his pictures.

答案：professional professional为形容词，修饰artist。句意：他是一个职业画家，他靠卖画为生。 5．We are rather sceptical ________ the sympathy they claim to have for the poor. 答案：about be sceptical about... “对……持怀疑态度的”。 6．He submitted an essay ________ his tutor.

答案：to 句意：他向导师递交了一篇论文。submit常与to搭配，有“递交、呈送”之意。

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7．He felt really ________ (guilt) although he didn't ________ (deliberate) hurt her. 答案：guilty; deliberately feel guilty“觉得内疚”；第二空修饰动词，故应填副词形式。

8．Today we'll discuss a number of cases ________ beginners of English fail to use the language properly.

答案：where case意为“情况；情形”时，若为定语从句先行词，且从句中缺少状语时，定语从句的引导词应用where。

9．The publishers are confident that the books ________ (publish) next month will sell well. 答案：to be published 不定式表示将来的动作，且books与publish为被动关系，故填to be published，在此处作books的后置定语。

10．What are you doing out of bed, Tom? You're ________ (suppose) to be asleep. 答案：supposed be supposed to “应该”。句意：你起床干什么，汤姆？你应该睡觉了。

1 concentrate on 集中在；专心于

You'll find your colleagues very eager to assist you, so you may be able to concentrate on photography later if you're interested. (P26)

你将发现同事们会热情地帮助你，因此如果你对摄影感兴趣，以后你可以集中精力去研究它。归纳拓展

(1)concentrate on (doing) sth. 专心(做)某事

concentrate one's attention /effort/energy/mind on sth. 集中注意力/力量/精力/思想于某事 (2)concentration n. 集中；专心 (3)focus/fix...on... 集中……于…… put one's mind/heart in/into... 专心于…… be absorbed in... 专心于……

apply oneself/one's mind to... 专心于…… pay attention to... 专心于……；注意…… 名师点睛

以上短语中in， to， on都是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。语境助记

①I can't concentrate_on my studies with that noise going on. 有噪音我不能集中精力学习。

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②We must concentrate_our_attention_on improving education. 我们必须致力于改进教育。

③Speaking on the phone requires concentration and takes a driver's attention from the road. 打电话需要集中注意力，这样就分散了司机对路面的注意力。 2 depend on 依靠；依赖；取决于

Meanwhile you have to prepare the next question depending on what the person says.(P26) 同时，你还要根据被采访人所说的话准备提出下一个问题。归纳拓展

(1)depend on sb. to_do sth. 依靠某人做某事 depend on/upon it that...指望；相信…… (2)That depends./It all depends. 视情况而定。 (3)independent adj.独立的；自主的 (4)independence n．独立语境助记

①[2016·北京高考]It all depends_on your character. 那都要取决于你的个性。

②You may depend_on_him_to_do it well. 你可以依靠他把事办好。

③We can depend_on_him_for help. 我们可以依靠他帮忙。

④We can depend_on_it_that he will arrive here on time. 我们相信他会准时来的。

⑤[牛津高阶]I don't know if we can help—it_all_depends/that_depends. 我不知道我们能不能帮上忙，那要看情况而定。 3 accuse...of... 因……指责或控告……

Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick? (P26)

你有没有遇到过这样的情况：别人控告你的记者，说他(她)们的报道完全失实？归纳拓展

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(1)accuse sb. of (doing) sth.指控某人(做)某事 (2)accuse sb. as... 指控某人为……

(3)charge sb. with (doing) sth.控告某人(做)某事语境助记

①The boy was_accused_of destroying property. 这个男孩被指责毁坏了财物。

②[朗文高阶]Gibbons has been_charged_with murder. 吉本斯被指控谋杀。

③For lack of sufficient evidence, the_accused was allowed to go free. 由于缺乏充足的证据，被告被释放了。

过关演练

选词填空

concentrate on； accuse...of...； keep in mind； in the meantime； so as to； inform...of； to tell the truth； look forward to； ahead of； depend on 1．I am ________ hearing about your amazing trip to Hawaii. 答案：looking forward to

2．She burst into tears when she ________ cheating in the exam. 答案：was accused of

3．I slept badly last night and was finding it hard to ________ my work. 答案：concentrate on

4．It is not easy for a pupil to ________ so many English words in such a short time. 答案：keep in mind

5．The manager promised to keep me ________ how our business was going on. 答案：informed of

6．________，I don't care about what other people might say. 答案：To tell the truth

7．We finished the work several days ________ the deadline. 答案：ahead of

8．When the delayed flight will take off ________ much ________ the weather. 答案：depends; on

9．China is paying more and more attention to education ________ catch up with advanced countries in science and technology.

答案：so as to

10．It will be a big help if you go to the store and get what we need for dinner. ________， I'll set the table.

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答案：In the meantime

His discussion with his new boss, Hu Xin(HX), was_to strongly influence his life as a journalist.(P26) 他与他的新老板胡欣的讨论对他的记者生涯必将产生重要影响。归纳拓展

“be to＋动词原形”的常见用法：

(1)表示按计划、安排即将发生某事或打算做某事。

(2)语气上接近于should, must, ought to, have to，表示命令、吩咐或禁止的语气。 (3)表示不可避免将要发生或以后注定要发生的事情。

(4)用于条件从句，意为“如果想；设想”(接近于if...want to/if...should)。名师点睛

1如果表示未曾实现的打算或计划，要用was/were to have done形式。 2

be about to do...表示即将发生的动作，该结构不与表示时间的副词或其他时间状语连用，常用于be

about to do sth. when...结构中。

3 语境助记

①If we are_to_arrive before ten, we'll have to go now. 如果我们要在10点前到达，我们现在就得走。

②If you are_to_succeed,_you have to make more efforts. 如果你想成功，你必须更加努力。

③You are_to_have_reported it to the police. 你本应该向警察报告此事的。

过关演练

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

1．I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in my life ________ I felt so happy.

答案：had 否定副词置于句首，句子应用倒装结构。句意：我终于得到了梦寐以求的工作。我从来没有这么高兴过。

2．He was supposed to ________(graduate) from college two years ago, but he didn't.

答案：have graduated 此处是不定式的完成形式。句意：他本该两年前大学毕业的，但是他没有。be supposed to have done sth. “理应已做某事(但实际没有做)”。

3．I can think of many cases ________ students knew quite a few English words and expressions but

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be going to do...多用于口语，强调事先打算、计划要做某事或根据某种迹象要发生某事。

couldn't write a good essay.

答案：where 空格处所填词引导定语从句，先行词为抽象名词case“情况；情形”，定语从句中缺少表地点的状语，故应填where。

4．You may depend on ________ that all the goods will be shipped abroad in time. 答案：it 考查固定句式。depend on it that...“相信……；对……深信不疑”。 5．The books in this room are not ________ (take) outside.

答案：to be taken “be to＋动词原形”可以表达命令、要求、禁止的语气，因主语The books与take之间为被动关系。故此处是不定式的被动语态。句意：这个房间里的书不得带出去。

Ⅱ.完成句子

1．You ________ because you are wise and hardworking. 你既聪明又勤奋，你一定会成功的。答案：are to succeed

2．No sooner ________ stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause. 莫言一登上舞台，观众就爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。答案：had Mo Yan

3．He decided to be a doctor after graduation ________ disappoint his parents. 为了不让父母失望，他决定毕业后当一名医生。答案：so as not to/in order not to

倒装

完全倒装

1．完全倒装是把谓语动词完全置于主语前，其中主语必须是名词，若为代词则不倒装。这种结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。

2．完全倒装的结构

(1)在here, there, now, then, up, down, in, out, off, away等表示时间和运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首以示强调时，句子要全部倒装，谓语动词常用come, go, be, lie, run, rush等。

Away went the boy.

(2)表示地点的介词短语置于句首时。 Under the table sletif a white cat. ＝A white cat sletif under the table. (3)某些表语置于句首时。 ①表语为介词短语

Inside the parcel was a note. ②表语为形容词

Present at the meeting were many guests.

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名师点睛

上述句子中，如果主语为人称代词，则主语、谓语不需要倒装。部分倒装

1．部分倒装是把be/助动词/情态动词提到主语的前面，即助动词/情态动词/系动词＋主语＋谓语动词。 2．部分倒装的几种情形

(1)“only＋副词/介词短语/状语从句”置于句首时，要进行部分倒装，即“only＋状语”置于句首时要部分倒装，但“only＋主语”不倒装。

Only then did she realize how much damage had been caused.

(2)否定词位于句首时要部分倒装，高考常考的词汇有：never, not, seldom, hardly, nowhere, little, by no means, at no time等。

I've tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means is the teacher satisfied with my progress. (3)not until引导的从句位于句首引起的主句部分倒装。

The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep. →Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. (4)as/though引导的让步状语从句部分倒装，构成为：名词/形容词/副词/动词/分词＋as/though＋主语＋其他。

Though it might sound strange, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting. →Strange as/though it might sound, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting. 名师点睛

从句的表语是名词时，被倒装的名词前不加冠词。

Child as he is， he has to make a living.(5)so, nor, neither开头的句子要部分倒装。

前一分句是肯定句，后一分句用so引导，意为“某人/某事也……”；前一分句是否定句，后一分句用neither/nor引导，意为“某人/某事也不……”；倒装句中的谓语应与前面的谓语时态保持一致。

He has been to Beijing. So have I.

 意为“某人/某事也是如此”so＋主语＋be/助动词/情态动词 意为“某人/某事确实如此”

so＋be/助动词/情态动词＋主语

Tom enjoys music. So do I. (我也喜欢音乐) Tom enjoys music. So he does.(他确实喜欢音乐) (6)表示“一……就……”句型需部分倒装的几种情形。

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

Scarcely...部分倒装 No sooner...

Hardly...

when...



when...不倒装 than...

(过去完成时) (一般过去时)

No sooner had she gone out than the telephone rang.

(7)not only... but also; so... that; such... that引起的倒装情形中，通常遵循“前倒后不倒”的原则。 Not only is he interested in football but also he plays well.

(8)在省略if的虚拟条件句中，且从句中有were/should/had时需部分倒装，只需将were/should/had提至句首即可。

If he had followed my advice, he would have succeeded. →Had he followed my advice, he would have succeeded.

过关演练

单句语法填空

在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

1．________in this way will you know how to arrange your time and to spend your time properly. 答案：Only “Only＋状语”置于句首时，句子的主谓部分应部分倒装。句意：只有用这种方法你才会知道如何安排你的时间，如何正确地使用你的时间。

2．It rained heavily overnight and not until this morning ________ it stop.

答案：did not until...置于句首时句子需部分倒装。本句介绍的是过去的事情，需用一般过去时，故设空处填did。句意：大雨下了一整夜，直到今天早晨才停了下来。

3．The door opened and in ________ (come) the headmaster.

答案：came 此句为完全倒装句。由opened可知，空格处应填came。句意：门开了，校长进来了。 4．On the river bank ________ (stand) a house where he once lived.

答案：stands 表示地点的介词短语置于句首时，句子需完全倒装。主语为a house，故谓语动词用单数。 5．So clearly ________ he speak English that he can always make himself understood.

答案：does 在so/such...that...句式中，主句需部分倒装，that从句不倒装。句意：他英语说得如此清晰，以致于大家都能明白他的意思。

Ⅰ.完形填空(建议用时17′)

You had better learn to be grateful. If you are grateful, you naturally __1__ yourself up to receive all kinds of blessings and good things in life. You can receive almost everything you want __2__. If you want recovery soon, start by feeling grateful that you are still __3__. If it is more money that you want, start being grateful for whatever __4__ of money you already have.

You see, showing gratitude (感恩) is the key to every __5__ thing in life. It is the key to successful relationships, it is the key to successful futures and it is the key to __6__ healthier and happier lives. And this is where the importance of being grateful lies. __7__， it makes life better.

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One of my favorite __8__ is “If you learn to appreciate more of what you already have, you will find yourself having more to appreciate.” Think about that!

Something as __9__ as a “Thank you for being in my life” or “I __10__ having you here with me”， can go a long way. It will make the other person feel good, and __11__ it also will make you feel better!

So maybe your wife is not very __12__ around the house, but she's great at cooking your favorite __13__. Or, maybe your child __14__ milk all over your new shirt right before you walked out for work, but usually he makes you laugh so much and makes you __15__ the luckiest parent in the world.

I strongly __16__ you to make a promise to yourself for the next week. Decide to __17__ every morning and think of at least 5 things that you are __18__ for. Then say them out loud. You will notice a smile on your face without even __19__. In 30 days you will feel completely renewed. This is the __20__ of being grateful!

篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。全文讲述的是常怀感恩之心对我们人生的积极价值，作者呼吁读者们以感恩的心态积极地迎接人生的任何挑战。

1．A．make C．stand

B．open D．take

答案：B open oneself to receive sth.“敞开心胸接受某事”。句意：如果你常怀感恩之心，你自然就会敞开心胸接受生活中的各种各样的祝福和好事。

2．A．easily C．clearly

B．correctly D．truly

答案：D easily“容易地”；correctly“正确地”；clearly“清楚地”；truly“真实地”。句意：你几乎能够收到你真想要的一切东西。根据下文描述，你想康复就会康复，故此处填truly。

3．A．alive C．lively

B．lovely D．living

答案：A 根据上文描述康复，此处应该是感谢你还活着。alive“活着”；lovely“可爱的”；lively“活泼的”；living“健在的”。

4．A．number C．kind

B．amount D．plenty

答案：B money不可数名词，whatever修饰名词amount，whatever amount of money “无论多少金钱”。 5．A．terrible C．confusing

B．negative D．positive

答案：D terrible“可怕的”；negative“消极的；负面的”；confusing“混淆的”；positive“积极的”。句意：你知道，感恩是通向生活中每一件积极事情的关键。

6．A．leading C．looking

B．taking D．enjoying

答案：D enjoy healthier and happier lives “享受更健康和更幸福的生活”。leading“领导，导致”；

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taking“带走”；looking“看(不及物动词)”；enjoying“享受，喜欢”。

7．A．Therefore C．In a word

B．Besides D．Anyway

答案：C 根据上文可知，空格后的这句话是对本段总结。therefore“因此，所以”；besides“而且，除……之外”；in a word“总之，简言之”；anyway“无论如何”。

8．A．rules C．habits

B．mottos D．word

答案：B rules“制度”；mottos“格言”；habits“习惯”；word“话”，此处是单数，不合适。句意：我最喜欢的格言之一是……。根据下文是一句话，故选B。

9．A．pleasant C．moving

B．wonderful D．short

答案：D pleasant“愉悦的，宜人的”；wonderful“精彩的”；moving“动人的”；short“简短的”。根据下文都是两句较短的感谢语。故应选D。

10．A．want C．would like

B．look forward to D．appreciate

答案：D want“想要”；look forward to“期待，希望”；would like“想要”；appreciate“感激”。此处是感激的语言。故应选D。

11．A．in general C．instead of

B．for sure D．in addition

答案：B 句意：它可让另一个人感觉舒服，肯定也会让你感觉更好。in general“一般地”；for sure“确定地，无疑地”；instead of“而不是”；in addition“除此之外”。

12．A．lazy C．organized

B．beautiful D．careless

答案：C lazy“懒惰的”；beautiful“美丽的”；organized“有条理的”；careless“粗心的”。be organized around“把……整理地井井有条”。

13．A．dishes C．beef

B．vegetables D．drinks

答案：A dishes“盘子，一道菜”；vegetables“蔬菜”；beef“牛肉”；drinks“饮料”。与上文对应，前文是整理房间，but表示语意转折，可能她更擅长做“菜”。

14．A．painted

C．threw

B．stopped D．spilled

答案：D spill“溢出，使……出来”。根据空格后的milk可判断。句意：也许你在出门上班之前，你的孩子将牛奶溢出在你的新衬衫上。

15．A．feel like C．act as

B．become of D．look like

答案：A feel like“感觉像”；become of“使遭遇……，……降临于，发生……情况”；act as“行动像，

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担当”；look like“看起来像”。句意：让你感觉像世界上最幸运的父母。

16．A．advise C．demand

B．persuade D．suggest

答案：A advisesb. to do sth.“建议某人做某事”；demand和suggest后不用不定式作宾补。persuade sb. to do sth.“劝服某人做某事”，不合题意。句意：我强烈建议你为下周给自己发誓。

17．A．dress up C．wake up

B．make up D．get up

答案：C 根据空格后的every morning判断应是“醒来”。dress up“打扮”；make up“化妆”；wake up“醒来”；get up“起床”。句意：决定每天早晨醒来至少考虑五件你要感激的事情。

18．A．concerned C．anxious

B．grateful D．upset

答案：B concerned“关心的，担心的”；grateful“感激的”；anxious“焦急的”；upset“焦虑不安的”。根据上文，主要讲述人应该常怀感恩之心。故选B。

19．A．pretending C．smiling

B．looking D．trying

答案：D without even trying “连想都不用想；连试都不用试”。句意：你就会注意到你脸上毫不费力的微笑。

20．A．power C．award

B．disadvantage D．consequences

答案：A power“力量，权力，动力”；disadvantage“劣势，缺点”；award“酬金”；consequences“后果”。句意：30天后你就会感觉到自己重生了，这就是感恩的力量！

Ⅱ.阅读理解(建议用时16′)

[2016·全国卷Ⅲ]Bad news sells. If it bleeds, it leads. No news is good news, and good news is no news. Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers. But now that information is being spread and monitored (监控) in different ways, researchers are discovering new rules. By trackingW1 people's emails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories.

“The ‘if it bleeds’ rule works for mass media，” says Jonah Berger, a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania. “They want your eyeballs and don't care how you're feeling. But when you share a story with your friends, you care a lot more how they reactW2. You don't want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.”

Researchers analyzingW3 wordofmouth communication—emails, Web posts and reviews, facetoface conversations—found that it tendedW4 to be more positive than negative (消极的), but that didn't necessarily mean people preferred positive news. Was positive news shared more often simply because people

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experienced more good things than bad things? To test for that possibility, Dr Berger looked at how people spread a particular set of news stories: thousands of articles on The New York Times' website. He and a Penn colleagueW5 analyzed the “most emailed” list for six months. One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely toP1 make the list than nonscience articles. He found that science amazed Times' readers and made them want to share this positive feeling with others.

Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny, or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety, but not articles that left them merely sad. They needed to be aroused (激发) one way or the other, and they preferred good news to bad. The more positive an article, the more likely it was to be shared, as Dr Berger explains in his new book, “Contagious: Why Things Catch OnP2.”

篇章导读：本文是一篇科普说明文。研究者通过追踪人们的邮件和网络跟帖，发现积极地传播正能量的消息传播得更快。在现在的社交网络中，好消息打败了坏消息，人们更倾向于传播正能量的文章等。

1．What do the classic rules mentioned in the text apply to? A．News reports. C．Private emails.

B．Research papers. D．Daily conversations.

答案：A 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的第三句“Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers.”可知，传统规则适用于新闻报道。故答案选A。

2．What can we infer about people like Debbie Downer? A．They're socially inactive. B．They're good at telling stories. C．They're inconsiderate of others. D．They're careful with their words.

答案：C 推理判断题。根据文章第二段可知，大众媒体只关心是否吸引你的眼球，而不关心你的感受，但是当你和你的朋友分享故事的时候，你会非常关心你朋友的反应，不希望对方认为你是一个冷漠的、不体贴的人。故C选项符合题意。

3．Which tended to be the most emailed according to Dr Berger's research? A．Sports news. C．Personal accounts.

B．Science articles. D．Financial reviews.

答案：B 细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句话可知，科学类的文章比非科学类的文章被写入邮件的可能性大得多。故B选项正确。

4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Sad Stories Travel Far and Wide B．Online News Attracts More People C．Reading Habits Change with the Times D．Good News Beats Bad on Social Networks

答案：D 主旨大意题。根据文章的第一段可知，坏消息传播得更快。如果新闻里有流血事件，那么这条新闻会成为头版头条，引起人们的注意。但是现在情况发生了变化，研究者通过追踪人们的邮件和网络跟帖，发现积极

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的消息传播得更快。在现在的社交网络中，积极消息打败了消极消息。故D选项正确。

W重点单词

1．track vt. 跟踪；追踪

2．react vi./vt. 回应；反应；使起化学反应；使发生相互作用 3．analyse vt. 分析 4.tend vi. 往往会；趋于 5．colleague n. 同事；同僚 P重点短语

1．be likely to ... 可能…… 2．catch on 受欢迎；流行起来

Gone are the days when being a celebrity(名人)meant reaching the top of the social ladder. With the Internet as their springboard, people no longer need to be actors, sports stars or politicians to be celebrities.

You may still remember the time when Furong Jiejie, or Fengjie, appeared online. All of a suddenP1 they were the talk of the town because of their crazy clothes and abnormalW1 values. And let's not forget the 14yearold Korean boy who got famous by simply broadcasting himself having dinner every day.

But when the word wanghong, or “Internet celebrity”， was named one of Yaowen Jiaozi magazine's “popular cyber words” in 2015, its meaning had changed. Those who are popular in the world of wanghong are largely famous for their heavily Photoshopped selfies(自拍) and the special lifestyles they advertise on social media.

The same thing is happening overseas as well. There are many women addicted to posting photos. This has led to the rise of “Instagram Husbands”， men who are willing—or most likely forced—to take photos of their wives or girlfriends for their Instagram accountsW2.

But what wanghong offer their fans is much more than a bunch of pretty pictures. “There is a longing for the effortless way of life，” commentedW3 China Youth Daily.

Though their lifestyle may seem “effortless”， some wanghong take great pains to runP2 their Taobao stores, communicate with their fans and think of ways to keep their viewership, for example.

Zhang Dayi, a famous wanghong with over 4 million followers on Sina Weibo, revealedW4 some of her secrets for attracting fans. “Usually people look up to celebrities at a 45degree angle. But I reduced that angle to 15 degrees, because no one likes to strainW5 their necks too much，” she said.

Her social media strategies include being more interactive with fans. “As soon as you let down your guard, people will start to approach，” she said.

篇章导读：随着网络的发展，成为网络名人，即“网红”不再是很难的事情。文章向读者介绍了现在很流行的

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“网红”现象。

5．What is the author's attitude toward Furong Jiejie? A．Negative. C．Favorable.

B．Concerned. D．Doubtful.

答案：A 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句话中“because of their crazy clothes and abnormal values”可以判断，作者对这两个人持否定的态度。故选A项。

6．How do men get the name “Instagram Husbands”？ A．They take and share photos to attract fans on the net. B．They open Instagram accounts for their girlfriends. C．They show off their photography skills on the Internet. D．Their duty is to take pictures of their wives or girlfriends.

答案：D 推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，Instagram Husbands在网上出名是因为他们得负责为妻子或者女友拍照供她们在网上分享照片。故选D项。

7．What can we infer from Zhang Dayi's words? A．Celebrities are hard to meet.

B．Being a Internet celebrity is not easy. C．She has the most followers on the Net. D．Being friendly is a way of attracting fans.

答案：D 细节理解题。从末段内容可知，Zhang Dayi认为要获得粉丝支持就要对她们友好亲切，要有亲和力。故选D项。

8．What can be the best title of the text? A．The age of Internet is coming. B．Internet offers fast track to fame.

C．Internet celebrities set examples for people. D．To become Internet celebrities, beauty isn't a must.

答案：B 主旨大意题。文章首段提出使用网络这一传播媒介，普通人也能成为名人，然后下面介绍了芙蓉姐姐等网络名人，由此判断B选项能概括文章中心。故选B项。

W重点单词

1．abnormal adj. 畸形的；不正常的 2．account n. 描述；账户 3．comment vt. 议论；评论 4．reveal vt. 揭示；显示；透露 5．strain vt. 尽力；使劲 P重点短语

1．all of a sudden 突然

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2．take great pains to do sth. 尽力做某事

Ⅲ.短文改错(建议用时8′)

My biggest problem is that I'm too busy. When I am young, I used to have so much time, and these days I get up early and stay in school all day. Then I go right to home and eat dinner. Before I started high school, I used to spend a lot of time play games with my friends, but I just don't have time anymore. In the evening, I used to watch TV or chatted with my grandma, but now I has to study. I love music, and my father used to take me to concert. These days, I hardly ever have time with concerts. I do my homework and go to bed. I real miss the old days!

答案：

My biggest problem is that I'm too busy. When I am young, I used to have so much time, and these

was

but

days I get up early and stay in school all day. Then I go right to＼ home and eat dinner. Before I started high school, I used to spend a lot of time play games with my friends, but I just don't have ∧ time

playing

the

anymore. In the evening, I used to watch TV or chatted with my grandma, but now I has to study. I love

chat

have

music, and my father used to take me to concert. These days, I hardly ever have time with concerts. I

concerts

for

do my homework and go to bed. I real miss the old days!

really

第一处：am→was 由下句话中used及句意可知，应用一般过去时。第二处：and→but 由句意可知，此处应为转折关系。第三处：去掉to go home为固定搭配“回家”。

第四处：play→playing spend time (in) doing sth. “花费时间做某事”。

第五处：have后加the 前一句表明自己有足够多的时间做游戏，可推知此句中所表示的时间是特指概念。第六处：chatted→chat 此处chat应与watch形式保持一致。第七处：has→have 主语为I，应用have。第八处：concert→concerts 此处表示泛指用复数。第九处：with→for have time for...“有时间去做……”。第十处：real→really 此处应用副词修饰动词miss。

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话题素材——急救

好词

1.victim n. 受害者

2.delay n. & v. 耽搁，延误；推迟 3.cough n. 咳嗽 4.shock n. 休克 5.bleeding n. 流血 6.build up 增强……的体质 7.turn/go white 变白 8.rescue_breathing 人工呼吸 9.send for a doctor 派人请医生 10.be good/bad for 对……有益/有害 11.out of place 不适当

12.turn to sb. for help 向某人求助 13.check for a pulse 检查脉搏 14.firstaid station 急救站

15.emergency treatment 应急处理；急救佳句

1.It's widely accepted that having a good knowledge of first_aid is vital to us. 人们普遍认为精通急救知识对我们来讲至关重要。 2.You should do it before it is too late. 趁现在还不算太晚，你应该赶快行动。

3.Let's take_immediate_measures_to_help the injured people. 让我们立刻采取措施来帮助受伤的人们。

[精美语篇]

Is it necessary for students to take first aid courses？

Recently, my school began to carry out first aid courses, which led to a heated discussion among the students. Their opinions vary from person to person.

80 percent of the students find it necessary for students to take first aid courses because nobody can foresee what will happen. They strongly believe that only if we take the courses can we save lives

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when accidents happen. However, still some students, about 20 percent, don't think so. They consider it to be unnecessary. In their opinion, it is convenient to see a doctor nowadays even if there is an accident. What's more, they can't spare time to take first aid courses with such a heavy study burden on them.

As for me, I am for the point of view that the courses are necessary. I suggest that every one of us should take this kind of courses seriously. There is no doubt that not only can we save ourselves but also help others out of danger by learning the knowledge of first aid. In a word, a good knowledge of first aid makes a great difference.

高频单词

1．injury (n.) 损伤；伤害→injure (vt.) 伤害；损害→injured (adj.) 受伤的

2．bleed (vi.&vt.) 流血→blood (n.) 血液；血统→bloody (adj.) 出血的；血染的；伤亡惨重的 3．poison (n.) 毒药；毒害 (vt.) 毒害；使中毒→poisonous (adj.) 引起中毒的；有毒的

4．treat (vt.&vi) 对待；看待；处理；治疗；请客；款待→treatment (n.) 治疗；处理；对待的方法或态度

5．mild (adj.) 轻微的；温和的；温柔的→mildly (adv.) 轻微地；温和地

6．electric (adj.) 电的；电动的→electrical (adj.) 与电有关的→electricity (n.) 电；电能 7．organ (n.) 器官；机构→organic (adj.) 器官的；组织的

8．variety (n.) 变化；多样(化)；多变(性)→various (adj.) 各种各样的→vary (vi.) 变化；(体积、容积、力量等)呈现不同

9．bravery (n.) 勇敢；勇气→brave (adj.) 勇敢的

10．pressure (n.) 压力；挤压；按；压迫(感)→press (vt.) 按；挤压 11．swell (vi.&vt.) (使)膨胀；隆起→swollen (adj.) 肿胀的

12．unbearable (adj.) 难以忍受的；不能容忍的→bear (vt.) 承担；忍受 13．tight (adj.) 牢的；紧的；紧密的→tightly (adv.) 紧地；牢牢地 14．firm (adj.) (动作)稳定有力的；坚定的→firmly (adv.) 坚固地；稳定地

15.apply (vt.) 涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 (vi.) 申请；请求；使用；有效→applicant (n.) 申请人→application (n.) 申请；应用；施用

重点短语

1．first_aid (对伤患者的)急救 2．fall_ill 生病

3．electric_shock 触电；电休克 4．squeeze_out 榨出；挤出

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5．over_and_over_again 反复；多次 6．in_place 在适当的位置；适当 7．put_one's_hands_on 找到

8．make_a_difference 区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用 9．prevent...from... 阻止…… 10．get_burned/burnt 烧伤

热点句型

1．现在分词短语作状语

Burns are called first, second or third degree burns, depending_on (根据) which layers of the skin are burned.(教材P34)

2．unless“如果不；除非”，引导条件状语从句

Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless_it_is_stuck_to_the_burn (除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上)．(教材P34)

3．be doing... when... “正在做……这时……”

John was_studying (正在学习) in his room when (这时) he heard screaming.(教材P38) 4．There's no doubt that... “毫无疑问……”

There_is_no_doubt_that (毫无疑问) John's quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade's life.(教材P38)

巩固训练

在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

1．First aid is a temporary form of help ________ (give) to someone ________ suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.

答案：given; who

2．It prevents your body ________ (lose) too much water. 答案：(from) losing

3．If your skin gets ________ (burn) it can be very serious. 答案：burnt/burned

4．There are other times ________ giving first aid quickly can save lives. 答案：when

5．These ________ (effect) both the top and the second layer of the skin. 答案：affect

6．John used these to treat the most severe injuries ________ Ms Slade's hands. 答案：to

7．You can get burnt by a ________ (vary) of things. 答案：variety

8．It was John's quick action and knowledge of first aid ________ saved Ms Slade's life.

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答案：that

9．I'm proud of ________ I did but I was just doing ________ I'd been taught. 答案：what; what

10．Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by ________ (touch) a hot pan, stove or iron for a moment.

答案：touching

1 aid n．& vt.帮助；援助；资助

First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.(P33)

急救就是在找到医生之前对突然生病或受伤的人给予临时性的帮助。归纳拓展

(1)first aid 急救 in aid of 为了帮助；支持

with the aid of sb. 在某人的帮助下 come/go to one's aid 来/去帮助某人 (2)aid sb. 帮助某人

aid sb. with sth. 帮助某人(做)某事

aid sb. to_do sth.＝aid sb. (in) doing sth. 帮助某人做某事语境助记

①With_the_aid_of our English teacher, we have made great progress this term. 在英语老师的帮助下，这学期我们已经取得了巨大的进步。 ②We're collecting money in_aid_of cancer research. 我们正在筹集资金以资助癌症研究。

③Neighbours aided_him_with money when he almost lost everything in the fire. 当他在火灾中几乎失去一切的时候，邻居们用钱来帮助他。 ④I aided her to_continue her study. 我资助她继续读书。

2 vital adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的

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If the injuries are second or third degree burns, it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.(P35)

如果是二度或者三度烧伤，把伤者立即送去看医生或送往医院至关重要。归纳拓展

be vital to/for ……是至关重要的 It is vital to do sth. 做某事很重要

It is vital that... ……是十分重要的从句中要用“should＋do”虚拟结构，should可以省略语境助记

①As far as I'm concerned, regular exercise is_vital_for our health. 就我个人而言，经常锻炼对我们的健康非常重要。

②It is vital that schools (should)_teach students to use computer technology. 学校应该教会学生使用计算机技术，这是至关重要的。 3 treat vt.& vi.治疗；对待；款待 n．款待；招待

John used these to treat the most severe injuries to Ms Slade's hands. (P38) 约翰用这些东西处理斯莱德女士手上最严重的伤口。归纳拓展

(1)treat sb. as... 把某人看作…… treat sb. badly/well 虐待某人/对某人好 treat sth. seriously 严肃认真地对待某事 treat sb. to sth. 请某人吃……；用……招待某人 treat sb. for sth. 治疗某人某种疾病 (2)(It's) my treat. 我请客。 (3)treatment n. 治疗；对待；处理语境助记

①Do not treat this serious matter as a joke. 不要把这件严肃的事情当儿戏。

②She treated each of the children to an ice cream. 她请每个孩子吃了个冰激凌。

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③The boy was_treated_for a minor head wound. 那个男孩因头部轻伤接受了治疗。

④Let's go out for dinner—(It's)_my_treat this time. 咱们出去吃饭吧——这次我请客。

⑤[2016·天津高考]After years of regular_treatment,_she finally became healthy. 经过数年的定期治疗，她最终康复了。

4 apply vi.申请；请求；使用；有效 vt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用

He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived. (P38)

他使劲地按住伤口，使血流得慢些，直到警察和救护车到来。归纳拓展

(1)apply...to... 把……应用/运用于…… apply to... 适用于……

apply (to sb.) for sth. (向某人)申请某物

apply one's mind/oneself to (doing) sth. 专心于(做)某事 (2)applied adj. 应用的；实用的 (3)application n. 应用；适用；申请 (4)applicant n. 申请人；应征者语境助记

①[2016·天津高考]Later I decided to apply my previous experience to learning how to read and write. 后来，我决定把我以前的经验应用到学习怎样读和写中。

②I'm writing to apply_for the position as a student volunteer. 我写信是为了申请作为学生志愿者的职位。

③She applied_to the international school for a job as an English teacher. 她向这所国际学校申请了一个英语教师的职位。

④You will pass your exams only if you really apply_yourself to your study. 你只有专心学习，考试才能及格。

⑤The applicant_applied_himself_to_applying_for a post for teaching applied chemistry, saying that he would apply what he had learnt to his teaching.

这位申请人专心于申请一份教应用化学的工作，并且说他会把他所学到的应用到他的教学中去。

过关演练

单句语法填空

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在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

1．When he got up from the ground, he found his knee ________(blood)．

答案：bleeding 考查宾语补足语。find his knee bleeding “发现他的膝盖在流血”，此处应用现在分词作宾补表示动作正在发生。

2．In the garden we can find a ________(various) of plants. 答案：variety 考查固定短语。a variety of...“各种各样的……”。

3．These days, I can't fall asleep because the coming final exam is putting great ________(press) on me.

答案：pressure 考查固定短语。put great pressure on sb.“给某人造成很大的压力”。 4．I decided to treat you ________ beer.

答案：to 考查固定短语。treat sb. to sth.意为“用某食物招待某人”。 5．The vitamins are vital ________ our health.

答案：for 考查固定短语。be vital for 意为“对……是至关重要的”。

6．His face was ________(swell)with toothache so I advised him to see a dentist before it got worse. 答案：swollen 考查词性转换。此处swollen “肿的；肿胀的”为形容词作表语。 7．How could you stand by when he was ________ (injury)? 答案：injured 考查系表结构。be/get injured意为“受伤”。 8．Don't touch these flowers; they are ________ (poison)．

答案：poisonous 考查词性转换。形容词作表语。句意：不要触碰这些花儿，它们是有毒的。 9．The ________ (brave) of the soldier is admiring.

答案：bravery 考查词性转换。根据空格前的冠词可知，应填名词形式，bravery “勇气”。 10．The new technology was ________ (apply) to farming.

答案：applied 考查固定短语。be applied to 意为“被应用/运用于”。

1 fall ill 生病

First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.(P33)

急救就是在找到医生之前对突然生病或受伤的人给予临时性的帮助。归纳拓展 fall asleep 入睡 fall behind 落后 fall down 跌倒；落下

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fall over (向前)跌倒；从……落下；被……绊倒 fall in love with 爱上…… fall silent 静下来名师点睛

fall ill短语中的fall为系动词，意为“进入……状态；变为”，是短暂性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用；be ill表示生病的状态，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。

语境助记

①Suddenly he fell_ill and ran a high fever. 他突然病倒，发起高烧。 ②He has been_ill for a week. 他生病一周了。

③As soon as Premier Li Keqiang went onto the stage, the whole hall fell_silent. 李克强总理一走上讲台，整个大厅静了下来。

④They fell_in_love_with each other at first sight. 他们一见钟情。

2 in place 在适当的位置；适当

Hold the bandage in place with tape.(P35) 用胶布把绷带固定。归纳拓展 in place of 代替

take the place of sb.＝take one's place 代替某人 in the first/second/next place 首先，第一/第二/其次 out_of place 不合适；不恰当 make place for 为……腾地方语境助记

①All the arrangements are now in_place for their visit. 他们来访的一切都安排就绪了。

②They put efficiency in_the_first_place. 他们把效率放在第一位。

③The trouble with you is that you won't put yourself in_my_place.

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你的问题是不能设身处地为我考虑。

④The doctor advised her to eat more bean products in_place_of meat which might be harmful to her heart.

医生建议她多吃豆类食品来代替可能对她的心脏有害的肉类。

⑤It is likely that computers will take_the_place_of mankind in the future. 未来电脑将有可能代替人类。

3 make a difference 有影响；区别对待；起(重要)作用

It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.(P38) 这说明了急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。归纳拓展

make some/no difference (to...)(对……)有一些/没有作用或影响 tell the difference (between...and...)辨别/区分(……与……的)差异语境助记

①The smallest good habits can make_a_big_difference. 再小的好习惯也能起大作用。

②[2016·江苏高考]It makes_no_difference from ordinary voting events, in which candidates go around to seek supports.

这跟普通的竞选活动没什么不同，在活动中候选人四处去寻求支持。

③Whatever she says will not make_any_difference to our arrangements. 无论她说什么都不会对我们的安排有影响。

④The twins are so alike; it's difficult to tell_the_difference. 这对双胞胎长得太像了，很难分辨。

过关演练

选词填空

fall ill； apply...to； make no difference； in place； take off； a number of； over and over again； be vital to； squeeze out； put one's hands on 1．It________ whether I give my suggestions or not, because he won't listen to me. 答案：makes no difference

2．This new technology has ________ agriculture so far. 答案：been applied to

3．He didn't come to school, because he________. 答案：fell ill

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4．________ guests who came from home and abroad attended Shanghai Expo. 答案：A number of

5．He failed many times，but he had the patience to do it ________. 答案：over and over again

6．I hope you left all the books in the library ________. 答案：in place

7．Her career ________ after she played a leading role in the new movie. 答案：took off

8．Consideration for other people ________ all of us. 答案：is vital to

9．Few of the students have ________ the materials for their compositions. 答案：put their hands on

10．Hannah was busy with work then but she still tried her best to ________ some time from her tight schedule to visit her mother.

答案：squeeze out

1 Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.(P34) 除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。归纳拓展

(1)unless “除非……；如果不……”，引导条件状语从句，有时可与if...not引导的状语从句互换。 (2)unless引导的条件状语从句常用一般现在时表示将来的动作，主句多用一般将来时。 (3)unless引导的条件状语从句有时可把主语和be动词省略(见“语法冲关”部分)。语境助记

①You will never gain success unless you are fully devoted to your work. 除非你全身心地投入工作，否则你决不会获得成功。

②We cannot understand disease unless we understand the person who has the disease. 若不了解患者我们就不能了解疾病。

③Unless_(it_is)_necessary,_you'd better not refer to the dictionary. 除非有必要，否则你最好不要查字典。

2 John was_studying in his room when he heard screaming.(P38) 约翰正在房间里学习，突然听到尖叫声。归纳拓展

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(1)be doing...when...正在做……这时…… (2)

be about to do...when...

be on the point of doing...when...

刚要做……这时……

(3)had (just) done...when...刚做完……这时…… 语境助记

①I was_watching_TV_when someone knocked at the door. 我正在看电视，这时有人敲门。

②We were_about_to_leave_when/were_on_the_point_of_leaving_when the bell rang. 我们正要离开，这时门铃响了。

③He had_(just)_finished_the_homework_when his mother came in. 他刚完成作业，这时他的母亲进来了。

过关演练

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

1．The little boy won't go to sleep ________ his mother tells him a story.

答案：unless 考查连词unless。unless “除非”。句意：除非妈妈给他讲一个故事，否则这个小男孩不睡觉。

2．I ________ (walk) in the street when I suddenly saw an old man fall off his bicycle. 答案：was walking 考查be doing...when...句型，意为“正在做……这时……”。句意：我正在街上走，这时突然看到一位老人从自行车上摔了下来。

3． (it is) necessary, you can refer to the dictionary.

答案：If 考查连词if的用法。句意：如果有必要，你可以查字典。If (it is) necessary “如果有必要的话”，其中it is可省略。

4．There is no doubt ________ this candidate's advantage lies in his ability to communicate with foreigners in English.

答案：that 考查固定句型。There is no doubt that...意为“……是毫无疑问的”。 5．It was in this lake ________ they found the long lost sword of the Ming Dynasty. 答案：that 考查强调句式。此句为强调句型，应填that。强调地点状语in this lake。 Ⅱ.完成句子

Frank was about to leave when he noticed a letter lying on the floor. ＝Frank ________________ when he noticed a letter lying on the floor. ＝Frank ________________ when he noticed a letter lying on the floor. 弗兰克正打算离开，这时他注意到地板上有封信。

答案：was on the point of leaving; was just going to leave Ⅲ.单句改错

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1．I read for half an hour when I heard sttif outside. ________________________________________________________ 答案：read→had read

2．The children played football on the playground when it began to rain. ________________________________________________________ 答案：played→were playing

省略

定义：在英语中，为了避免重复而省去某些重复的部分，这种现象称为省略。简单句中的省略

1．省略主语，祈使句中也省主语 It sounds like a great idea. →Sounds like a great idea. 2．省略主谓或主谓语的一部分

What/How do you think about a cup of tea? →What/How about a cup of tea? 3．省略表语－Are you thirsty?

－Yes, I am thirsty./Yes, I am. 4．同时省略几个成分

Let's meet at the same places as we met yesterday. →Let's meet at the same places as yesterday. 并列句中的省略

两个并列句中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分 My brother is a doctor and my sisterinlaw (is) a lawyer. 复合句中的省略

1．主句中有一些成分被省略，而用so或not来代替－Are you leaving for Beijing this Sunday?

－I think so. (so＝I'm leaving for Beijing this Sunday) 这种用法常见的有：I suppose/believe/hope so/not, why not等。 2．宾语从句中的省略

宾语从句中常省略连词that，但当有两个并列宾语从句时，第二个that不可省。 Mary says (that) she is from America and that she is 16 years old. 3．定语从句中的省略

定语从句中，that, which, who在从句中作宾语时可以省略。

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I haven't read the book (that) you're reading. 4．状语从句中的省略

在以when, while, once引导的时间状语从句以及if, unless引导的条件状语从句中，或though, although引导的让步状语从句中，如果从句中的主语与主句中的主语一致或为it时，且从句中含有be动词时，从句中可省略“主语/it＋be”部分。

When he was asked what he had done, John just kept silent. →When asked what he had done, John just kept silent. 不定式中的省略

动词不定式中为了避免重复，省去与前面出现的相同部分，只保留to，但如果在省略的不定式结构中含有be, have, have been时，要保留这些词。

He didn't give me the chance, though he had promised to (give me the chance)．注意：使役动词及感官动词后作宾补的不定式一定要省to，但在被动语态中必须还原。 I noticed a man enter the classroom when I passed by. →A man was noticed to enter the classroom when I passed by. 虚拟条件句中的省略

1．在以if引导的非真实条件句中若含有were, had, should时，可省略if，并且将were, had, should置于句首。

If I had a lot of money, I'd aid the poor children. →Had I a lot of money, I'd aid the poor children.

2．在含有表示“命令、要求、建议、许可”或“禁止”等意义的名词性从句中使用“should＋动词原形”，表示虚拟语气，其中should可以省略。

The order that we (should) stay where we are is very serious and severe.

过关演练

单句语法填空

在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

1．A child, if actively ________(engage) in classroom activities, can be taught many things. 答案：engaged 考查if引导的状语从句的省略。句意：如果孩子能积极参加课堂活动，他能学会许多东西。将本句补全后为：If a child is actively engaged in classroom activities, he can be taught many things.

2．—Hi, Tom. Does John have any hobbies?

—If ________， swimming will appeal to him most strongly.

答案：any 考查if引导的状语从句的省略。本句中If any为省略句，补全后为：If he has any。句意：——你好，汤姆。约翰有业余爱好吗？ ——如果有的话，游泳最吸引他。

3．Some flowers shut up at night as if ________(sleep)．

答案：to sleep 考查as if引导的方式状语从句的省略。从句补全后为as if they are to sleep。句意：有些花夜间收拢，好像要睡觉一样。

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4．—Will you leave for Australia for vacation on May Day? —No, we finally decided not ________.

答案：to 考查不定式的省略。补全后的句子为“we finally decided not to leave for Australia”。 5．—Has he finished reading the book?

—He hopes to ________， but in fact he reads too slowly.

答案：have 考查不定式的省略。句意：他希望已读完，但实际上他读得太慢了。不定式中含有have, be等要保留。

Ⅰ.阅读理解(建议用时16′)

The other day, I noticed a message on a friend's page. It made me very sad. She says she is the one who reaches out to people, but rarely do they reach outP1 to her. So, after communicating with her for a while, I began to challengeW1 my friends. “ContactW2 someone right now. Send messages or call someone who you haven't spoken to for a while, or who you only talk to when they message or call you. Let someone who may feel alone in the world right this moment know that they are not alone. That is my challenge to you. Please do it, and let me know once you have. Either by calling me back, or by sending me a message. Be the change that you want to see in the world.”

The responseW3 was great. 28 people liked my post, and another 10 posted that they did, and I got about a dozen messages telling me that they did. And there was one very special message.

“I just want you to know what has happened. That day, I sent a message to a friend who I hadn't heard from for a while. She and I talked for a whole day back and forthP2 on messages and then on the phone. She said she was so incrediblyW4 sad. Nobody has spoken with her in two weeks. By the tone of her voice, and by the conversations we were having, I think she was about to take her own life(自杀). After our conversation, she has agreed to talk to someone. Your message of kindness has saved her. I can't wait to tell you how thankful I am for people like you in the world, who care when nobody else will. I am proud to call myself your friend. Thank you！”

I didn't quite know what to say after reading the message. I was wondering how best to use it for greater good. I decided that sharing what we have done is the most powerful way. I know that I am a

cheerleaderW5 when it comes to making the world a better place with kindness, because if I help someone,

it makes me feel better. I do it because I need to feel better.

篇章导读：本文为记叙文。文中讲述作者的朋友在网上发帖说她总是联系别人，但是很少有人联系她，这使作者非常伤心，于是她决定联系需要帮助的人。

1．What made the author unhappy? A．She can't reach out to anyone.

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B．No one responds to her friend. C．None of her friends contacts her. D．She has no time to visit her friends.

答案：B 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，作者的朋友发帖说她总是联系别人，但是很少有人联系她，这使作者非常伤心。故选B项。

2．What did the author challenge her friends to do? A．Turn to their friends for help. B．Visit their families and relatives. C．Contact someone in need of help. D．Share their problems on their page.

答案：C 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，作者挑战她的朋友去主动联系别人，让此时可能感到孤单的人知道他们不是孤单的，也就是说主动联系需要帮助的人。故选C项。

3．What do we know about the special message? A．Someone was saved by her friend.

B．People were too busy to talk with others. C．The girl was sad because no one liked her. D．The author helped her friend by calling her.

答案：A 推理判断题。根据第三段的内容可知，发帖人主动联系一个朋友，并与她交流很长时间，这次及时的网上沟通挽救了朋友的生命。故选A项。

4．Which word can best describe the author? A．Determined. C．Stubborn.

B．Coldhearted. D．Inspiring.

答案：D 推理判断题。由文章的内容可知，作者非常有感召力，网上发帖鼓励自己的朋友联系别人，让孤独的人振作起来，而且最后一段中作者也说自己是一个振奋人心的人。故选D项。

W重点单词

1．challenge vt. 向……挑战；对……质疑 2．contact vt. 联络；联系 3．response n. 反应；响应

4．incredibly adv. 非常地，极端地；难以置信地 5．cheerleader n. 支持者；摇旗呐喊者 P重点短语

1．reach out (to sb.) 表示对某人感兴趣；表示愿意提供帮助 2．back and forth 来回地；一来一往地

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Square dancing is a form of entertainment and physical exercise, which is a good thing. However, a group of senior Chinese ladies dancing in New York's Sunset Park were recently faced withP1 noise complaints from nearby residents. The local court even served a summons (传票) related to a certain Ms Wang.

The news soon caused heated discussion across China, with many believing the incidentW1 to involve a cultural conflict between the East and West, while others view it as a form of discrimination against Chinese in the United States.

The United States is a diverse society, and in many cases, Chinese dancers are toleratedW2 and even appreciated. Meanwhile, the United States is a society based on the rule of law, and due toP2 cultural differences, local regulations seem to be very different from those in China. As a result, some old Chinese ladies dancing in New York's Sunset Park found themselves caught in an embarrassingW3 situation. Locals and immigrants from other nations view such noise as a violation of their right to enjoy tranquility. Calling the police is regarded as the most efficient way to solve such a problem.

Before, these ladies probably did not understand local customs and rules. However, since the incident took place, they should perhaps know a little better next time and keep the noise to a minimum. People from different nations are often supposed to reach compromisesW4， respecting and tolerating each other.

Whatever your choice of entertainment, it is important not to affect other people's lives. Square dancing is only one of many activities during which people should mind their behavior.

As for US police practice, there might still be some room for improvement. Some were said to be rather rude, leading to the socalled “racial discrimination”， which is a sensitiveW5 topic in US society.

If the involved parties could be more tolerant, and solve such problems without involving the court, perhaps immigrants would mix more.

篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。文中讲述了一群中国大妈在美国因跳广场舞而被诉至地方法院的事情。作者从中美两国文化差异的角度分析了出现这种事情的原因，并呼吁两国人们要多理解、包容和互相尊重，以促进两国文化的融合和交流。

5．The writer mentions the incident in Paragraph 1 to ________. A．show his opinion C．bring up the topic

B．make complaints

D．criticize the local police

答案：C 推理判断题。根据第一段讲述的内容，以及第二段及下文对该话题的讨论可知，答案为C(引出话题)。 6．The underlined word “tranquility” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by ________. A．entertainment C．freedom

B．quietness D．quality

答案：B 词义猜测题。根据tranquility所在的句子中的“view such noise as a violation of their right”可以判断，答案是B(quietness)。

7．What will the senior Chinese ladies most probably do after the incident? A．Go back to China.

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B．Fight for their right. C．Ask America to change its law. D．Keep the noise lower.

答案：D 推理判断题。根据第四段中的第二句关键信息“keep the noise to a minimum”可推知，中国大妈将会尽量将音量降低。

8．What's the writer's attitude towards senior Chinese ladies dancing in New York's Sunset Park? A．He thinks all parties involved should be more tolerant. B．He strongly supports the action of the local police. C．He considers it a shame for senior Chinese ladies to do so. D．He suggests such kind of problem should be solved in the court.

答案：A 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的假设可知，答案是A，即当事各方尽量多包容和理解。

W重点单词

1．incident n. 事件 2．tolerate vt. 忍受；容忍 3．embarrassing adj. 令人尴尬的 4．compromise n. 妥协；让步 5．sensitive adj. 敏感的 P重点短语

1．be faced with 面对；面临 2.due to 因为；由于

Ⅱ.七选五(建议用时8′)

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 [2016·北京高考]

The Science of RiskSeeking

Sometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth taking. __1__ Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.

The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risktakers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. __2__ As the quality of risktaking was passed from one generation to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.

So why aren't we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risktaking could get one killed. A few daring survived, though, along with a few stayinthecave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it. __3__

No matter where you are on the riskseeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks

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increases during your teenage years. __4__ To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.

__5__ For the riskseekers, a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.

As experts continue to study the science of riskseeking, we'll continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.

A．It all depends on your character.

B．Those are the risks you should jump to take.

C．Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival. D．Thus, these wellequipped people survived because they were the fittest. E．This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world. F．However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards. G．New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation. 篇章导读：本文是一篇科普说明文。早期人类为了生存，需要冒险精神。这样人类喜欢冒险的精神就延续了下来，然而有一部分人不喜欢冒险。专家说这可能与我们大脑活动有关。

1．F 上句提到值得冒险，而下句说有一些活动让一些人感到享受，却让另一些人害怕，故此处是说衡量风险和回报的标准不同。故选F项。

2．C 上句提到冒险者更擅长捕猎等。C项中的“Being better at”是上句中的“were better at...”的复现。故选C项。

3．A 由本段可知，人类形成了各种各样的性格类型。你可能喜欢某项冒险活动或者不喜欢。这都是取决于你的性格特点。最后一句总结本段得出主旨。

4．E 上句提到：对冒险活动的热爱在青少年时期有所增长。设空处应该是对青少年时期性格特点的说明。故选E项。

5．G 由下句中的“a part of the brain”可知选G，对下文进行总结。 Ⅲ.语法填空(建议用时8′)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

As I was making my way to the coffee shop, I noticed an old man __1__ was poorly dressed sitting on a bench nearby. I knew from first sight that he was in need of some kind of help. He had a little lunch stretched out in front of him and was wholeheartedly enjoying it.

Then I joined the line and waited __2__ (serve). There was a young man in front of me. He handed the waitress a twentydollar bill and requested a glass of orange juice as well __3__ a favour. The __4__ (puzzle) waitress looked at the young man, not __5__ (complete) understanding the request.

The young man asked her to give the juice and the change to __6__ old man eating his lunch outside on the bench. The waitress said she __7__ (give) them to the old man as he had told her to. Afterwards, there was a wonderful exchange between the waitress and the old man in need of some attention. I only

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wish I had a photo __8__ (take) to record the smiles on both of their faces.

As I was thinking about this event later on, I wondered __9__ the young man didn't just perform this act of kindness __10__ (he). I suspect that it is because in his heart he hoped that this act of kindness might inspire others to do something for this old man, too.

1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9．________ 10.________

篇章导读：本文讲述的是作者在一间咖啡店的经历，及自己对传递善举的思考。 1．who/that 考查定语从句。从句中缺少主语，且先行词指人，故填who/that。

2．to be served 考查非谓语动词。wait后应跟不定式作宾语，且serve与I之间为被动关系。 3．as 考查介词。as well as “除……之外还……”。

4．puzzled 考查词性转换。定冠词与名词中间填形容词，且表示女服务员当时深感迷惑，故填puzzled。 5．completely 考查词性转换。修饰非谓语动词时应用副词。 6．the 考查冠词。此处为特指上文的那位“老人”，故填the。

7．would give 考查动词的时态。根据语境可知，女服务员说她将把果汁和零钱送给那位老人，应用将来时，且主句为过去时，故用过去将来时。

8．taken 考查非谓语动词。此处为“have＋宾语＋宾补”结构，且photo与take之间为被动关系，故填taken。 9．why 考查宾语从句。从句中不缺主语和宾语，但缺少语义，故结合语义可知填why。

10．himself 考查代词。句意：我想知道为什么这个年轻人不亲自做这件善事。由句意可知，此处填反身代词himself。

Ⅳ.书面表达(建议用时20′)

最近，部分学校开设了一些特色课(special classes)，诸如烹饪课、传统戏曲课等。针对这一现象，你们班同学进行了讨论。请根据下表写一篇100个词左右的英语短文。

[标准范文]

Recently some schools offer their students some special classes, such as cooking classes, traditional

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opera classes and so on. Is it necessary to offer these classes? We had a discussion in our class. Opinions vary.

Some students think it really necessary to do it. First, it's good for students to develop their interests. What's more, these classes are helpful for them to improve their life skills which are useful for young students.

However, others have different opinions. They hold the idea that it's a waste of time and it's not helpful for their lessons.

In my opinion, it's a good idea to offer these classes. That's because they are not only good for our study but also for our growth.

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