1. 基本概念：与汉语相似，英语句子是由主语(subject), 谓语动词(verb),宾语(object), 表语(predicative),状语(adverbial),宾语补足语(object complement)等成分组成，按照这些成分的组成分为五大基本句型。
分类 主语+不及物动词 讲解 不及物动词本身就可以表达完整的意念， 不需要宾语及补语， 但有时可有副词， 介词短语等状语修饰语。 例句 The rain stopped . The old man walks in the park . The machine works smoothly. They stopped to take a short rest. She wept bitterly. 主语+及物动词+宾语 及物动词本身需要一个动作的接受者We are learning English . （宾语），才可以表达一个完整的意念。 Do you know him ? Your radio needs repairing . She hopes to see her uncle. She smiled her thanks. 有些及物动词需要两个宾语才能表达一个完整意念. 1.某些动词引起的间接宾语可改为由to 引起的短语。 give, pass, offer, leave, throw, award, lend, sell, tell, write, show, teach, recommend,… 2.某些动词引起的间接宾语可改为for引起的短语。 sing, make, order, cook, build, fetch, find, play, cut, pour, save, fix, choose, spare, buy... Her mother bought her a skirt. Give me the book, please. Can you give me some advice? They awarded her a silver medal. Hand me the car key. Please fetch me today’s papers. 主语＋双宾动词 ＋间接宾语＋直接宾语 主语＋系动词＋表语 系动词本身不能表达完整的意念，需要My sister is a nurse . 形容词，名词，介词短语，不定式等来 I feel quite hungry . 补充说明主语。 The ball is under the desk . Don’t be discouraged. Her ambition was to become a film star. 及物动词本身需要一个宾语外， 还需要一个名词，形容词，副词, 动词不定式，分词来补充说明宾语，才能表达一个完整的意念。 We elected Li Yang our monitor. The news made us sad. She saw the thief steal into the shop . The teacher asked me to answer the question . I found the man stealing the money . I found my money stolen . 主语+及物动词+ 宾语+宾语补足语
练习：1 主语+不及物动词
1. 太阳正在升起。（rise）_____________________________________
2. 她还在睡觉。（sleep）_______________________________________________ 3. 天正在下雨。（rain）__________________________________________________ 4. 他去年去世的。（die）___________________________________________ 5. 别把车开得这么快。（drive）______________________________________ 6. 她游起泳来像鱼儿一样。（swim）_______________________________ 7. 你等了好长时间了吗？（wait）_________________________________ 8. 表演持续了两个小时。（last）___________________________________ 9. 他跳舞很好。（dance）_______________________________________ 10.一青年男子与一青年女子坐在我的身后.(sit)
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11.他们大声地说着话。(talk)__________________________________________ 12.在星期天我是从来不早起的。（get up）_______________________________________ 13.正在这时，电话铃响了。(ring)_________________________________________________ 14.去年夏天，我去了意大利。(go)______________________________________ 15.假期过得真快.(pass)______________________________________________________
Ex. 1
1． The sun is rising. 2． She is still sleeping. 3． It’s raining. 4． He died last year. 5． Don’t drive so fast. 6． She swims like a fish. 7． Have you been waiting long? 8． The show lasted two hours. 9． He can dance well.
10. A young man and a young woman are sitting behind me. 11. They are talking loudly. 12. I never get up early on Sunday. 13. The phone was ringing at the time. 14. Last summer , I went to Italy. 15. The holidays passed quickly.
1． 你的故事听起来很有趣。（主语 + 系动词 + 表语）
_____________________________________________________________________ 2． 我感到有一点累。（主语 + 系动词 + 表语）
_____________________________________________________________________ 3． 我妹妹是在农村长大的。（主语 + 谓语）
_____________________________________________________________________ 4． 这家医院创建于1950年。（主语 + 谓语）
_____________________________________________________________________ 5． 他因为车子开得太快而违反了交通规则。（主语 + 谓语 + 宾语） _____________________________________________________________________ 6． 他拿出一瓶啤酒，很快将其喝光。（主语 + 谓语 + 宾语）
_____________________________________________________________________ 7． 顺便问一下，她把钱付给你了吗？（主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语） _______________________________________________________________________________
8． 下学期谁教你们生物？（主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语）
_____________________________________________________________________ 9． 他总是把他的卧室收拾得干干净净。（主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语） _____________________________________________________________________ 10．什么促使你这样想的？（主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语）
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Ex. 1
1. Your story sounds very interesting. 2. I felt a bit tired.
3. My younger sister grew up in the country. 4. This hospital was set up in 1950.
5. He broke the traffic rule because he drove his car too fast. 6. He brought out a bottle of beer and drank it up quickly. 7. By the way, has she paid you the money? 8. Who will teach you biology next term? 9. He always keeps his bedroom clean. 10. What made you think so?
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