一般现在时的被动语态

MODULE 7 知识辅导

Grammar: 一般现在时的被动语态

英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。

例如：Many people speak Chinese.

谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。例如：

Chinese is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。

被动语态由 “助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。

一般现在时的被动语态构成：am/is/are＋p.p.（过去分词）＋（by+动作执行者）eg:

1) Shakespeare’s plays are seen by millions of people every year.

2) Confucius’ works are still read by many people today.

3) Mark Twain isn't known as a great thinker. 中国英语教师网

4) Parents are respected by Chinese people.

5) Many trees are planted along the two banks of the river.

6）___ Is the boy called Jack?

___Yes, he is / No, he isn’t .

被动语态一般用于以下几种情况：

1）要表达“被……”、“受……”、“遭……”、“让……”之类的语义。如：

教师很受尊敬。Teachers are well respected.

这孩子很招人喜爱。The child is well loved by people.

2) 强调动作接受者。如：

他远近闻名。He is known far and wide.

3）不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者。如：

房子每天都有人打扫。The room is cleaned every day.

总的说来，判断该不该用被动语态是看主语是否为谓语动词的行为对象。