PEP小学英语动词词汇总复习
answer the phone 接电话 become 变成buy 购买catch butterflies 捉蝴蝶clean the bedroom 打扫卧室clean the room 打扫房间clean 打扫,清洁 climb mountains 爬山climb 往上爬collect leaves 收集树叶
collect stamps 收集邮票come from 来自,从„„来come out 露出,出现 come 来cook dinner 做饭cook the meals 做饭
count insects 数昆虫dive 跳水do an experiment 做实验do homework 做作业do housework 做家务do morning exercises 晨练do the dishes 洗碗碟draw pictures 画画drink 喝水drive 驾驶eat breakfast 吃早饭eat dinner 吃晚饭eat 吃empty the trash 倒垃圾
enjoy 从„„获得乐趣fall 落下,跌落feel 感觉到fight 打架find 寻找 fly kites 放风筝fly飞get off 下车get to 到达get up 起床go hiking 去远足go home 回家
go shopping 购物go to bed 上床睡觉go to school 上学go to the cinema 去看电影
go to work 上班go 去have a look 看一看have a picnic 举行野餐have art class 上美术课have breakfast 吃早餐have Chinese class 上语文课have dinner 吃晚饭have English class 上英语课have lunch 吃午餐have math class 上数学课have music class 上音乐课have P.E. class 上体育课have science class 上科学课have 吃help 帮助jump 跳know 知道leave 离开
like 喜欢listen to music 听音乐live 居住look at 看„„look for 寻找love 爱,热爱
make a snowman 堆雪人make kites 制作风筝make the bed 铺床meet 遇到,碰
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见open打开
pick up leaves采摘树叶plant trees种树play chess下起play football踢足球play ping-pong 打乒乓球play sports 进行体育活动play the piano 弹钢琴play the violin 拉小提琴play with „„玩„„put away the clothes 收拾衣服rain下雨read a book 看书read a magazine 阅读杂志read books 看书read 读,看remember 记住ride a bike 骑自行车run 跑say 说,讲
see 看见send 寄,发送set the table 摆餐具show 展示skate 滑冰sleep 睡觉speak 说话,讲话stop 停sweep the floor 扫地swim 游泳swing 荡秋千take a trip 去旅行
take pictures 照相take 乘坐teach 教tell 告诉,说think 想,思考try 尝试,试一下
use a computer 使用计算机use 使用visit grandparents 看望(外)祖父母 wait 等wake up 醒,醒来walk 走wash the clothes 洗衣服wash the windows 擦窗户watch insects 观察昆虫watch TV 看电视watch 看water the flowers 浇花welcome 欢迎work 工作
write a letter 写信write a report 写报告write an e-mail 写电子邮件
PEP英语三年级(上册)三会单词
Unit 1:pen (钢笔) pencil (铅笔) pencil-case ( 铅笔盒) ruler(尺)Eraser(橡皮)crayon(蜡笔)book (书)bag (书
包)sharpener (卷笔刀)school (学校) Unit 2: head (头) face( 脸) nose (鼻子)mouth (嘴) eye (眼睛) ear (耳朵) arm(胳膊) finger (手指) leg
(腿) foot (脚) body (身体) Unit 3:red (红色的) yellow (黄色的) green (绿色的) blue (蓝色的) purple (紫色的)white(白色的)black (黑色的)orange (橙色的)pink (粉色的) brown (棕色的)
Unit 4:cat (猫) dog (狗) monkey (猴子) panda (熊猫) rabbit( 兔子)duck (鸭子) pig(猪) bird (鸟)bear (熊) elephant (大象) mouse (老鼠) squirrel (松鼠)
Unit 5:cake (蛋糕) bread (面包) hot dog (热狗) hamburger (汉堡包) chicken(鸡肉) French fries (榨薯条) Coke (可乐) juice (果汁) milk (牛奶) water (水) tea (茶) coffee (咖啡)
Unit 6:one (一) two (二) three (三) four (四) five (五) six( 六) seven (七) eight(八) nine( 九)ten( 十)
doll (玩具娃娃) boat (小船) ball (球)kite (风筝) balloon(气球) car (小汽车) plane (飞机)
PEP英语三年级(下册)三会单词
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Unit 1:boy (男孩) girl (女孩)teacher (教师)student (学生)this (这个)my (我的)friend(朋友)I’m=I am (我是)nice (好
的;愉快的)good morning (早上好)good afternoon(下午好)meet(遇见;碰见)goodbye (再见)too (也;太) Unit 2:father (父亲爸爸)dad (爸爸)(口语)mother (母亲;妈妈)mom 妈妈(口语)man(男人)woman(女
人)grandmother (外)祖母grandma (口语)(外)祖母grandfather(外)祖父grandpa(口语)(外)祖父sister (姐妹)brother(兄妹)let’s=let us (让我们)great (太好了)really(真地;确切地)and (和;并且)how (多么;怎么样)
Unit 3:eleven (十一)twelve( 十二)thirteen (十三)fourteen (十四)fifteen(十五)sixteen(十六)seventeen (十七)eighteen
(十八)nineteen (十九)twenty (二十)how many (多少) can(能够;可以)look at (看;瞧) Unit 4:peach (桃)pear (梨)orange (橙子)watermelon (西瓜)apple (苹果)banana(香蕉)strawberry (草莓)grape (葡
萄)like (喜欢)some (一些;某些)thanks (多谢) Unit 5:bus (公共汽车)bike (自行车)taxi (出租车)jeep (吉普车)desk( 课桌)chair (椅子)walkman (随身听)lamp (台灯)
your (你的;你们的)zoo (动物园) Unit 6:small (小的)big (大的)long (长的)short (短的;矮的)tall (高的)giraffe (长颈鹿)deer (鹿)
3. 代词
代词是代替名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词,按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、自身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词八种。
一、人称代词是表示我、你、他、她、它、
我们、你们、他们的词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化,见下表: 数 单数 复数 格 主格 宾格 主格 宾格 第一人称 I me we us 第二人称 you you you you he him they them 第三人称 she her they them it it they them 如:He is my friend. 他是我的朋友。 It's me. 是我。 二、
物主代词表示所有关系的代词,也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种,其人物和数的变化见下表。 数 单数 复数 人称 第一 第二 第三 第一 第二 第三 人称 人称 人称 人称 人称 人称
形容词性 my your his/her its our your/their
物主代词 名词性 mine yours his/hers its ours yours/theirs
物主代词 如: I like his car.
我喜欢他的小汽车。
Our school is here,and theirs is there.
我们的学校在这儿,他们的在那儿。
三、 指示代词表示那个、这个、这些、那些等指示概念的代词。指示代词有this,that,these,those等。 如: That is a good idea. 那是个好主意。
四、 表示我自己、你自己、他自己、我们自己、你们自己和他们自己等的代词,叫做自身代词,也称为反身代词。
如: She was talking to herself. 她自言自语。
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五、 表示相互关系的代词叫相互代词,有each other 和one another两组,但在运用中,这两组词没什么区别。
如: They love each other. 他们彼此相爱。 六、
不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词。常见的不定代词有a11,both,each,every等,以及含有some-,any-,no-等的合成代词,如anybody, something,no
one。这些不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词,在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语, 但none和由some,any,no等构成的复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语或表语;every和no只能作定语。如: --- Do you have a car? --你有一辆小汽车吗? --- Yes,I have one. --是的,我有一辆。
--- I don't know any of them. 他们,我一个也不认识。 七、
疑问代词有who,whom,whose,what和which等。在句子中用来构成特殊疑问句。疑问代词都可用作连接代词,引导名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句) 如:Tell me who he is. 告诉我他是谁。 八、
关系代词有who,whom,whose,that,which,as等,可用作引导从句的关联词。它们在定语从句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语等;另一方面它们又代表主句中为定语从句所修饰的那个名词或代词(通称为先行词)。
如: He is the man whom you have been looking for. 他就是你要找的那个人。
词汇不完全归类表
学习用品 (school things)
pen 钢笔 pencil铅笔 pencil-case铅笔盒 ruler尺子 book书 bag包 comic book漫画书 post card明信片 newspaper报纸 schoolbag书包 eraser橡皮 crayon蜡笔 sharpener卷笔刀 story- book故事书 notebook笔记本 Chinese book语文书 English book英语书 math book数学书 magazine杂志 dictionary词典
人体 (body)
foot脚 head头 face脸 hair头发 nose鼻子 mouth嘴 eye眼睛 ear耳朵 arm手臂 hand手 finger手指 leg腿 tail尾巴
动物 (animals)
cat 猫 dog狗 pig猪 duck鸭 rabbit兔 horse马 elephant大象 ant蚂蚁 fish鱼 bird鸟 eagle鹰 beaver海狸 snake蛇 mouse老鼠 squirrel松鼠 kangaroo袋鼠 monkey猴 panda熊猫 bear熊 lion 狮子 tiger老虎 fox狐狸 zebra斑马 deer鹿 giraffe长颈鹿 goose鹅 hen母鸡 turkey火鸡 lamb小羊 sheep绵羊 goat山羊 cow奶牛 donkey驴 squid鱿鱼 lobster龙虾 shark鲨鱼 seal海豹 sperm whale抹香鲸 killer whale虎鲸 人物 (people)
friend 朋友 boy男孩 girl女孩 mother母亲 father父亲 sister姐妹 brother兄弟 uncle叔叔;舅舅 man男人
woman女人 Mr.先生 Miss小姐 lady女士;小姐 mom妈妈 dad爸爸 parents父母 grandparents祖父母 grandma/grandmother(外)祖母 grandpa/grandfather(外)祖父 aunt姑姑 cousin堂(表)兄弟;堂(表)姐妹 son儿子 daughter女儿 baby婴儿 kid小孩 classmate同学 queen女王 visitor参观者 neighbour邻居 principal校长 university student大学生 pen pal笔友 tourist旅行者 people人物 robot机器人
职业 (jobs)
teacher 教师 student学生 doctor医生 nurse护士 driver司机 farmer农民 singer歌唱家 writer作
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家 actor 男演员 actress女演员 artist画家 TV reporter电视台记者 engineer工程师 accountant会计 policeman(男)警察 salesperson销售员 cleaner清洁工 baseball player棒球运动员 assistant售货员 police警察
食品、饮料 (food & drink)
rice 米饭 bread面包 beef牛肉 milk牛奶 water水 egg蛋 fish鱼 tofu豆腐 cake蛋糕 hot dog热狗 hamburger汉堡包 French fries炸薯条 cookie曲奇 biscuit饼干 jam果酱 noodles面条 meat肉 chicken鸡肉 pork猪肉 mutton羊肉 vegetable蔬菜 salad沙拉 soup汤 ice冰 ice-cream冰淇淋 Coke可乐 juice果汁 tea茶 coffee咖啡 breakfast早餐 lunch午餐 dinner/supper晚餐 meal一餐
水果、蔬菜 (fruit & vegetables)
apple 苹果 banana香蕉 pear梨 orange橙 watermelon西瓜 grape葡萄 eggplant茄子 green beans青豆 tomato西红柿 potato土豆 peach桃 strawberry草莓 cucumber黄瓜 onion洋葱 carrot 胡萝卜 cabbage卷心菜
衣服 (clothes)
jacket夹克衫 shirt衬衫 T-shirt丅恤衫 skirt短裙子 dress连衣裙 jeans牛仔裤 pants长裤 socks袜子 shoes鞋子 sweater毛衣 coat上衣 raincoat雨衣 shorts短裤 sneakers网球鞋 slippers拖鞋 sandals凉鞋
boots靴子 hat(有沿的)帽子 cap便帽 sunglasses太阳镜 tie领带 scarf围巾 gloves手套 trousers裤子 cloth布
交通工具 (vehicles)
bike自行车 bus公共汽车 train火车 boat小船 ship轮船 yacht快艇 car小汽车 taxi出租车 jeep吉普车 van小货车;面包车 plane/airplane飞机 subway/underground地铁 motor cycle摩托车 杂物 (other things)
window 窗户 door门 desk课桌 chair椅子 bed床 computer计算机 board写字板 fan风扇 light灯teacher’s
desk讲台 picture图画;照片 wall墙壁 floor地板 curtain窗帘 trash bin垃圾箱 closet壁橱 mirror镜子 end
table床头柜 football/soccer足球 present礼物 walkman随身听 lamp台灯 phone电话 sofa沙发 shelf书架 fridge冰箱 table桌子 TV电视 air-conditioner空调 key钥匙 lock锁 photo照片 chart图表 plate盘子 knife刀 fork叉 spoon勺子 chopsticks筷子 pot锅 gift礼物 toy玩具 doll 洋娃娃 ball球 balloon气球 kite风筝 jigsaw puzzle拼图游戏 box盒子 umbrella伞 zipper拉链 violin小提琴 yo-yo溜溜球 nest鸟窝 hole洞 tube 管子 toothbrush牙刷 menu菜单 e-card电子卡片 e-mail电子邮件 traffic light交通灯 money钱 medicine药
地点 (locations)
home家 room房间 bedroom卧室 bathroom卫生间 living room起居室 kitchen厨房 classroom教室 school学校 park公园 library图书馆 post office邮局 police office警察局 hospital医院 cinema电影院 bookstore书店 farm农场 zoo动物园 garden花园 study书房 playground操场 canteen食堂 teacher’s office教师办公室 library图书馆 gym体育馆 washroom卫生间 art room绘画教室 computer room计算机教室 music room音乐教室 TVroom电视机房 flat公寓 company公司 factory工厂 fruit stand水果摊 pet shop宠物商店 nature park自然公园 theme park主题公园 science museum科学博物馆 the Great Wall长城 supermarket超市 bank银行 country国家 village乡村 city城市 hometown家乡 bus stop公交车站
课程 (classes)
sports体育运动 science科学 Moral Education思想品德课 Social Studies社会课 Chinese语文 math数学 PE体育课 English英语课 国家、城市 (countries & cities)
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China/PRC中国 America/USA美国 UK联合王国 England英国 Canada/CAN加拿大 Australia澳大利亚 New York纽约 London伦敦 Sydney悉尼 Moscow莫斯科 Cairo开罗
气象 (weather)
cold寒冷的 warm温暖的 cool凉爽的 snowy下雪的 sunny晴朗的 hot炎热的 rainy下雨的 windy有风的cloudy多云的 weather report天气预报
景物 (nature)
river河流 lake湖泊 stream河;溪 forest森林 path小道 road公路 house房子 bridge桥 building建筑物 rain雨 cloud云 sun太阳 mountain山 sky天空 rainbow彩虹 wind风 air空气 moon月亮
植物 (plants)
flower花 grass草 tree树 seed种子 sprout苗 plant植物 rose玫瑰 leaf叶子
星期 (week)
Monday星期一 Tuesday星期二 Wednesday星期三 Thursday星期四 Friday星期五 Saturday星期六 Sunday星期天 weekend周末
月份 (months)
Jan. (January)一月 Feb.(February)二月 Mar.(March)三月 April四月 May五月 June六月 July七月
Aug.(August)八月 Sept.(September)九月 Oct.(October)十月 Nov.(November)十一月 Dec. (December)十二月
季节 (seasons)
spring春 summer夏 fall/autumn秋 winter冬
方位 (directions)
south南 north北 east东 west西 left 左边 right右边
患病 (illness)
have a fever发烧 hurt疼痛 have a cold感冒 have a toothache牙疼 have a headache头疼 have a sore throat喉咙疼
数词 (numbers)
one一 two二 three三 four四 five五 six六 seven七 eight八 nine九 ten十 eleven十一 twelve十二 thirteen十三 fourteen十四 fifteen十五 sixteen十六 seventeen十七 eighteen十八 nineteen十九 twenty二十 thirty三十 forty四十 fifty五十 sixty六十 seventy七十 eighty八十 ninety九十 forty-two四十二 hundred百 one/a hundred and thirty-six一百三十六 first第一 second第二 third第三 fourth第四 fifth第五 eighth第八 ninth
第九 twelfth第十二 twentieth第二十 thirtieth第三十 fortieth第四十 fiftieth第五十 sixtieth 第六十 seventieth第七十 eightieth第八十 ninetieth第九十 fifty-sixth第五十六
形容词 (adj.)
big大的 small小的 long长的 tall高的 short短的;矮的 young年轻的 old旧的;老的 strong健壮的 thin
瘦的 active积极活跃的 quiet安静的 nice好看的 kind和蔼亲切的 strict严格的 smart聪明的 funny滑稽可笑的 tasty好吃的 sweet甜的 salty咸的 sour酸的 fresh新鲜的 favourite最喜爱的 clean干净的 tired疲劳的 excited兴奋的 angry生气的 happy高兴的 bored无聊的 sad忧愁的 taller更高的 shorter更矮的 stronger更强壮的 older年龄更大的 younger更年轻的 bigger更大的 heavier更重的 longer更长的 thinner更瘦的 smaller更小的 good好的 fine好的 great很好的 heavy 重的 new新的 fat胖的 happy快乐的 right对的 hungry饥饿的 cute逗人喜爱的 little小的 lovely可爱的 beautiful漂亮的 colourful色彩鲜艳的 pretty漂亮的 cheap便宜的 expensive昂贵的 juicy多汁的 tender嫩的 healthy健康的 ill有病的 helpful有帮助的 high高的 easy简单的 proud骄傲的 sick有病的 better更好的 higher更高的
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介词 (prep.)
in在„„里 on在„„上;在„„时候 under在„„下面 near在„„的旁边 behind在„„后边 next to与„„相邻 over在„„上面 in front of在„„前面
代词 (pron.)
I我 we我们 you你;你们 he他 she她 it它 they他(她,它)们 my我的 our 我们的 your你的;你们的 his他的 her她的
动词 (v.)
play (.ed)玩;踢 swim(swam)游泳 skate滑冰 fly(flew)飞 jump跳 walk走 run(ran)跑 climb爬 fight(fought)打架 swing(swung)荡 eat(ate)吃 sleep(slept)睡觉 like像,喜欢 have (had)有;吃 turn转弯 buy(bought)买 take(took)买;带 live居住 teach(taught)教 go (went)去 study(studied)学习 learn学习 sing(sang)唱歌 dance跳舞 row划 do(did)做 do homework做作业 do housework做家务 watch TV看电视 read(read) books读书 cook the meals做饭 water the flowers浇花 sweep(swept) the floor扫地 clean the bedroom打扫卧室 make(made) the bed铺床 set(set) the table摆饭桌 wash the clothes洗衣服 do the dishes洗碗碟 use a computer使用计算机 do morning exercises晨练;做广播操 eat breakfast吃早饭 eat dinner吃晚饭 go to school上学 have English class上英语课 play
sports进行体育运动 get(got)up起床 climb mountains爬山 go shopping买东西 play the piano弹钢琴 visit grandparents看望(外)祖父母 go hiking去远足 fly kites放风筝 make a snowman堆雪人 plant trees种树 draw(drew) pictures画画 cook dinner做饭 read a book看书 answer the phone接电话 listen to music听音乐 clean the room打扫房间 write(wrote) a letter写信 write an e-mail写电子邮件 drink(drank) water喝水 take pictures照相 watch insects观察昆虫 pick up leaves采摘树叶 do an experiment做实验 catch butterflies捉蝴蝶 count insects数昆虫 collect insects收集昆虫 collect leaves收集树叶 write a report写报告 play chess下棋 have a picnic举行野餐 get to到达 ride(rode) a bike骑自行车 play the violin拉小提琴 make kites制作风筝 collect stamps集邮 meet(met)见面 welcome欢迎 thank谢谢 love爱 work工作 drink(drank)喝 taste尝 smell闻 feed(fed)喂养 shear剪 milk挤奶 look看 guess猜 help帮助 pass传递 show展示 use使用 clean打扫 open打开 close关上 put放 paint绘画 tell(told)告诉 kick踢 bounce反弹 ride (rode)骑 stop(stopped)停 wait等 find(found)寻找到 drive(drove)驾驶 fold折 send (sent)寄 wash洗 shine照耀 become变成 feel(felt)感觉到 think(thought)思考 meet(met)遇见 fall(fell)落下 leave(left)离开 wake(woke) up醒来 put on穿上 take off脱掉 hang up挂起 wear(wore)穿 go home回家 go to bed上床睡觉 play computer games玩电脑游戏 play chess下棋 empty the trash倒垃圾 put away the clothes收拾衣服 get off下车 take a trip去旅行 read a magazine阅读杂志 go to the cinema去看电影 go straight向前直走
I me my we us our you you your he him his she her her it it its they them their
2.1 不定冠词的用法
冠词是虚词,本身不能单独使用,也没有词义,它用在名词的前面,帮助指明名词的含义。英语中的冠词有三种,一种是定冠词(the Definite Article),另一种是不定冠词(the Indefinite Article),还有一种是零冠词(Zero Article)。
不定冠词a (an)与数词one 同源,是一个的意思。a用于辅音音素前,一般读作,而an则用于元音音素前,一般读做。
1) 表示一个,意为one;指某人或某物,意为a certain。 A Mr. Ling is waiting for you. 2) 代表一类人或物。
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A knife is a tool for cutting with. Mr. Smith is an engineer. 3) 词组或成语。
a little / a few / a lot / a type of / a pile / a great many / many a / as arule /
in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while / after a while / have a cold /have a try / keep an eye on / all of a sudden 定冠词的用法
定冠词the与指示代词this,that同源,有\"那(这)个\"的意思,但较弱,可以和一个名词连用,来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。
1)特指双方都明白的人或物:Take the medicine. 把药吃了。
2)上文提到过的人或事: He bought a house. I've been to the house. 他买了幢房子。我去过那幢房子。 3)指世上独一物二的事物: the sun, the sky, the moon, the earth
4)单数名词连用表示一类事物,如:the dollar 美元the fox 狐狸;或与形容词或分词连用,表示一类人:the rich 富人; the living 生者。
5)用在序数词和形容词最高级,及形容词only, very, same等前面:Where do you live? I live on the second floor. 你住在哪?我住在二层。That's the very thing I've been looking for. 那正是我要找的东西。 6)与复数名词连用,指整个群体:
They are the teachers of this school.指全体教师)They are teachers of this school. (指部分教师) 7)表示所有,相当于物主代词,用在表示身体部位的名词前: She caught me by the arm.. 她抓住了我的手臂。
8)用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级、等专有名词前: the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国 the United States 美国 9)用在表示乐器的名词之前: She plays the piano. 她会弹钢琴。
10) 用在姓氏的复数名词之前,表示一家人 the Greens 格林一家人 (或格林夫妇)
11) 用在惯用语中: in the day, in the morning (afternoon,evening), the day after tomorrow the day before yesterday, the next morning, in the sky (water,field,country) in the dark, in the rain, in the distance, in the middle (of), in the end, on the whole, by the way, go to the theatre 2.3 零冠词的用法
1) 国名,人名前通常不用定冠词:England,Mary;
2)泛指的复数名词,表示一类人或事物时,可不用定冠词; They are teachers. 他们是教师。
3)抽象名词表示一般概念时,通常不加冠词; Failure is the mother of success. 失败乃成功之母。 4)物质名词表示一般概念时,通常不加冠词,当表示特定的意思时,需要加定冠词; Man cannot live without water. 人离开水就无法生存。
5)在季节、月份、节日、 假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前,不加冠词; We go to school from Monday to Friday. 我们从星期一到星期五都上课。
6)在称呼或表示官衔,职位的名词前不加冠词;The guards took the American to General Lee. 士兵们把这个美国人送到李将军那里。
7)在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前,不加冠词 如:have breakfast,play chess 8)当两个或两个以上名词并用时,常省去冠词; 规则动词的词形变化
(1)陈述语气第三人称单数一般现在时形:(a)原形动词词尾+“-s”:help(帮助)→helps come(来)→comes
(b)原形动词词尾“ch,sh,o,s,x”+“-es”:teach(教)→teaches wash(洗)→washes go(去)→goes kiss(吻)→kisses fix(安装)→fixes
(c)原形动词词尾为“辅音字母+y”时,去“y”后加“-ies”,若是“元音字母+y”,只加“-s”:study(学习)→studies play(游戏)→plays解说 本项规则的“第三人称单数”是指句子的主语。例如:
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I go to school on a bicycle every day . You go to school on a bicycle every day. She goes to school on a bicycle every day.
第三人称单数形式动词词尾“-(e)s”的发音规则
(a)原形动词词尾发音为时,加了“-(e)s”应发音,并为一音节。例如:
teach→teaches (教) change →changes (改变) wash →washes (洗) pass →passes (通过) use →uses (使
注:如上面各例所示,单音节原形动词因加了“-(e)s”即成为双音节的动词,因此皆有重读音节。 (b)原形动词词尾发音为时,加了“-(e)s”应发音。例如:help→helps(帮助) want→wants(要) laugh→laughs look→looks(c)原形动词词尾为浊辅音(除了)及元音时,加了“-(e)s”应发音。例如:read→reads(读) love→loves see→sees play→plays(2)现在分词(也称“-ing”形): (a)原形动词词尾+“-ing”。speak→speaking(说) study→studying(学习) go→going(去)(b)原形动词词尾为“-e”时,去“-e”后+“-ing”。 live→living(住) make→making(制造)(c)原形动词词尾为“-ie”时,先把“-ie”改为“-y”后+“-ing”。
lie→lying(卧,躺) die→dying(死)d)原形动词词尾为“短元音+辅音字母”时,先双写词尾辅音字母后再+“-ing”。 plan→planning(计划) kid→kidding(开玩笑) get→getting(得到) stop→stopping(停止)put→putting(放置)
shut→shutting(关闭)
注:双音节动词若其词尾的词形如本项的情形,但重音落在第一音节者直接加“-ing”,若是重音落在第二音节者则依本项规则加“-ing”。visit →visiting(访问) begin →beginning (开始) (e)原形动词词尾为“元音+l,r”并为重读音节时,常重复词尾后再加“-ing”。
compel →compelling(强迫) prefer→preferring(宁要) “-ing”的发音
现在分词的词尾“-ing”发音,并自成一个音节,所以单音节动词的词尾加了“-ing”便成为双音节词,也就有重音,例如:rain →raining (下雨)(3)过去式和过去分词 (a)原形动词词尾+“ed”。 rain →rained (下雨) walk →walked(走)need →needed (需要)(b)原形动词词尾为“e”时,加“-d”。
live →lived (住) like →liked (喜欢)(c)原形动词词尾为“辅音字母+y”时,去“-y”后加“-ied”,若是词尾为“元音字母+y”,只加“-ed”。study →studied (学习) play→played (游戏) (d)原形动词词尾为“短元音+辅音字母”时,先双写该辅音字母后再+”-ed“。
chat →chatted (闲谈) kid →kidded (开玩笑) beg →begged (恳求) stop →stopped (停止) bud →budded (萌芽)
注:双音节动词若其词尾的词形如本项的情形,但重音落在第一音节者直接加“-ed”,若是重音落在第二音节者,则依本项规则加“-ed”visit →visited (访问) omit →omitted (省略) (e)原形动词词尾为“元音+l,r”并为重读音节时,常双写词尾后再加“-ed”。
compel →compelled prefer→preferred英语字母“c”后面接“e,i”时通常都发音,例如:“face;city”。 因此,如picnic作动词使用时,其词形变化为了要保住其词尾的音,通常都先加“-k”之后再加“-ing”或“-ed”。例如:We went picnicking last Sunday.(上星期天我们野餐去了)。We picnicked in a park by a lake.(我们在湖边的一处公园野餐了。)过去式“-ed”的发音规则 (1)动词词尾为“-t,-d”时,“-ed”发音,并自成一个音节。因此,单音节动词加了“-ed”便成为双音节动词并有重音。want →wanted (要) need →needed (需要) (2)动词词尾为等清辅音时,“-ed”发音。help →helped (帮助) laugh →laughed (笑) look →looked (看) kiss →kissed (吻) wash →washed (洗)watch →watched (注视) (3)动词词尾为以外之浊辅音或元音时,“-ed”发音。
call →called (叫) rain →rained (下雨) stay→stayed (停留)cry→cried (哭) Drilling Square 请按指示做下列各动词的词形变化并将词形变化后的词尾加以注音。
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原形 第三人称单数形式 -ing形 过去式
1.2 其它名词复数的规则变化
1) 以y结尾的专有名词,或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s变复数:
如: two Marys the Henrys monkey---monkeys holiday---holidays 比较: 层楼:storey ---storeys story---stories
2) 以o 结尾的名词,变复数时:
a. 加s,如: photo---photos piano---pianos radio---radios zoo---zoos;
b. 加es,如:potato--potatoes tomato—tomatoes c. 均可,如:zero---zeros / zeroes
3) 以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时:
a. 加s,如: belief---beliefs roof---roofs safe---safes gulf---gulfs;b. 去f,fe 加ves,如:half---halves knife---knives leaf---leaves wolf---wolves wife---wives life---lives thief---thieves; c. 均可,如: handkerchief handkerchiefs / handkerchieves
1.3 名词复数的不规则变化
1)child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth mouse---mice man---men woman---women
注意:与 man 和 woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是 -men 和-women。如: an Englishman,two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans;Bowman是姓,其复数是the Bowmans。 2)单复同形 如:deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japaneseli,jin,yuan,two li,three mu,four jin 但除人民币元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如:a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters
3)集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。如: people police cattle 等本身就是复数,不能说 a people,a police,a cattle,但可以说a person,a policeman,a head of cattle,the English,the British,the French,the
Chinese,the Japanese,the Swiss 等名词,表示国民总称时,作复数用。如: The Chinese are industries and brave. 中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。
4)以s结尾,仍为单数的名词,如:
a. maths,politics,physics等学科名词,为不可数名词,是单数。 b. news 是不可数名词。 c. the United States,the United Nations 应视为单数。
The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。
d. 以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也可视为单数。
The Arabian Nights is a very interesting story-book.
5) 表示由两部分构成的东西,如:glasses (眼镜) trousers, clothes
若表达具体数目,要借助数量词 pair(对,双); suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers
6) 另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,如:goods货物,waters水域,fishes(各种)鱼
4.7 形容词与副词的比较级 1) 规则变化
单音节词和少数双音节词,加词尾-er,-est来构成比较级和最高级。 构成法 原级 比较级 最高级
一般单音节词 tall(高的) taller tallest 未尾加-er,-est great(巨大的) greater greatest 以不发音的e结尾 nice(好的) nicer nicest的单音词和少数 large(大的) larger largest 以- le结尾的双 able(有能力的) abler ablest音节词只加-r,-st 以一个辅音字母 big(大的) bigger biggest结尾的闭音节单 hot热的) hotter hottest
音节词,双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-er,-est 以辅音字母+y easy(容易的) easier easiest
结尾的双音节词,busy(忙的) busie busiest改y为i,再加-er,-est 少数以-er,-ow clever(聪明的) cleverer cleverest结尾的双音节词 narrow(窄的) narrower narrowest
未尾加-er,-est 其他双音节词和 important(重要的) 多音节词,在前 more
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important
面加more,most most important
来构成比较级和 easily(容易地)最高级。 more easily most easily 2) 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good(好的)/ better best
well(健康的) bad (坏的)/ worse worst
ill(有病的) old (老的) older/elder oldest/eldest
much/many(多的) more most
little(少的) less least
far (远的) farther/further farthest/furthest 冀教版小学英语第 1册重难点知识总结
Lesson 1重点单词: hello hi name重点句型:I live in_____-- What's your n-- My name is_____. Lesson 2重点单词: teacher boy girl重点句型: This is________. (板书不写a)
Lesson 3重点单词: book chair desk重点句型: 1 -- How are you -- I'm fine 2 -- What's t -- It's________.
Lesson 4重点单词: school重点句型: 1 -- Nice to meet you. -- Nice to meet you, too.2 Where is _______? (会替换)
Lesson 5重点单词: one two three four five重点句型: May I have______, please? Lesson 6字母:Aa--Dd重点句型: Good-bye.
Lesson 7重点单词: pen pencil marker重点句型: --How many____ do you have?--数字. (会搭配) Lesson 9字母: Ee--Hh重点句型: 复习_____,this is_______.Nice to meet you.
Lesson 10字母: Ii--Ll重点句型: 1 Open the_____.Close the_______.2 -- What's this?-- It's _____. (复习 强化) Lesson 11重点单词: red yellow blue字母: Mm—Pp
Lesson 12认识单词:pink orange purple green练习句型:What colour is it?
Lesson 13重点单词: in on under字母:Qq--Tt重点句型:Where is it? (用介词短语回答) Lesson 14数字: six seven eight nine ten
Lesson 15字母: Uu--Zz了解句型:-- What's your favourite colour? -- My favourite colour is ____.
Lesson 17重点单词: happy sad body head arm leg hand foot重点句型: -- How do you feel?-- I feel _______. Lesson 18重点单词: hot cold重点句型: --How do you feel?--I feel______. (复习)--I am _____. (新授) Lesson 19重点单词: nose mouth eye ear
Lesson 20重点单词: shoulder elbow stomach knee finger toe认识单词: warm cool
Lesson 21反义词:long--short straight--curly重点句型:--What colour is your hair?-My hair is black.(较常见) foot 复数提一下.
Lesson 22重点句型:--What colour are your eyes?--My eyes are _____.
Lesson 23重点句型:--What's the matter?--I cut my ______.--My ______ hurts.
Lesson 25重点单词: father mother daughter sonsinging crying talking laughing playing 重点句型:--What are they doing?--They are ______ ing. Lesson 26重点单词:short tall family
Lesson 27熟读:police officer bus driver carpenter
Lesson 28重点单词:brother sister old young (反义词)重点句型:--How old are you?--I am ____ years old. Lesson 29重点句型: --Happy birthday!--Thank you. 了解单词:birthday cake birthday party
Lesson 30复习句型:--What's the matter?--My ______ hurts.
Lesson 31口头描述:He's/She's______ing.问答:--What are they doing?--They are _____ing. 提示现在进行时结构 be + v.ing
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毕业班英语单词汇总
(按话题分类)
Name Class
1.数字
基数词one two three four ★five six seven eight nine ten
序数词 fourth sixth
基数词 eleven ★twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen
序数词
基数词 sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen ★twenty
序数词
基数词 twenty-one twenty-two twenty-three twenty-four twenty-five
序数词
基数词 thirty thirty-one forty fifty sixty
序数词 ◇基数词与序数词的区别:基数词是“第„”的意思,前面都有单词the 2.colour(颜色)
red yellow green blue purple white black orange pink brown 3.time(时间)
①year(年) 一年 两年 三岁 大四岁 ②seasons(季节)
There are seasons in a year. They’re and . ③months(月)按season划分为
Winter is , and .Spring is , and . Summer is , and .Fall is , and . ◇January is the month of a year. ④week(星期)
There are days in a week. They are , , , , , and . ⑤时间短语:
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周末 下周 上周 明天 昨天 今晚 或 今天早上 今天下午 ♀in spring/summer/January/February/March on Monday/Tuesday/Wednesday ⑥时刻(at)
at seven o’clock at nine o’clock at six thirty 4.Food and drinks(食品与饮料) ①western food(西方食品)
cake (面包) hot dog hamburger (鸡腿) French fries coke (果汁) water tea coffee ice-cream ②eastern food(东方食品)
米饭 fish 猪肉 mutton 面条 牛肉 汤 egg ③Vegetable(蔬菜)
卷心菜 茄子 , green beans, tofu , 土豆 番茄 黄瓜 , onion , 胡萝卜 ④Fruit(水果)
桃子 ,梨 ,orange ,西瓜 , apple , banana , 草莓 , 葡萄 , ♂关于味觉的单词
可口的 或 ,健康的 ,甜的 ,酸的 , 新鲜的 ,咸的 ,饿了 ♂餐具
盘子 ,叉子 , knife , 勺子 , 筷子 请随便吃 5.Clothes(衣服)
coat(外衣,winter), 夹克衫 , 衬衫 , 裙子 , 连衣裙 ,毛线衣 ,
一条牛仔裤 , 一条长裤 , 一双袜子 一条短裤 一双鞋子
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Shoes分为 (运动鞋), (拖鞋), (凉鞋), (靴子) ※我穿17尺码 .
6.Toy and stationary(玩具与文具) ①Toy
洋娃娃 ,小船 ,皮球 ,风筝 ,气球 , car, 飞机
♀交通工具:地铁 ,ship,plane,火车,bus,bike,jeep,taxi, motor cycle,“乘„„”用by,但是on foot。 ②Stationary
pen , pencil ,pencil-case ,ruler ,橡皮擦 ,蜡笔 , bag,sharpener.
形容词: 便宜的 , expensive, pretty, 多彩的 . △book汇总
漫画书 ,报纸 ,杂志 ,字典 ,post card, Chinese book ,English book, math book, story book ,notebook
7.日常生活用品
air-conditioner , (窗帘) ,trash bin ,closet ,mirror ,end table , phone ,bed ,sofa , (书架),fridge ,table ,walkman , (台灯)
※After school ,I went (家).This is my (房子).There are five rooms in my house. They’re a (书房),a (卫生间), a (卧室),a (客厅) and a (厨房).
※I’m helpful at home. I can empty the trash, (煮饭),water the flowers, (扫地),clean the bedroom, (做家务),make the bed , (整理餐具),wash the clothes,
(洗碗),put away the clothes, watch TV and play computer games. 8.Animal(动物)
At zoo, there are fox, zebra, giraffe ,梅花鹿 ,cat ,dog ,monkey, 熊猫 ,兔子 ,鸭子 ,pig ,bird ,熊 ,mouse, squirrel ,kangaroo ,狮子 ,蛇 and 老虎 .
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At (农场),there are sheep ,lamb ,马 ,母鸡 , 山羊 ,奶牛 ,donkey and goose. 9.植物(plant)
seed ,soil ,sprout 植树 10.环境与建筑(building)
air sky (小溪) mountain (河流) flower grass lake forest path park (村庄) (城市) bridge tree road ♀building library , post office , hospital , cinema , bookstore , shoe store , fruit stand ,pet shop ,supermarket ,bank ,science museum 11.Body(身体)
head ,face ,nose ,mouth ,eye ,ear ,arm ,hand ,finger ,leg ,foot ,throat. ♀feel sick/ill(生病了)
发烧 ,受伤 ,感冒 ,牙疼 , 头疼 ,喉咙疼
心情 feel tired \\excited \\angry \\happy \\bored \\sad(感到疲劳\\兴奋\\生气\\高兴\\无聊\\悲伤) 12.个人情况
My name is .My (爱好)is
riding a bike , diving , playing the violin\\piano , making kites , collecting stamps, music ,science ,sports, computer game ,painting 13.family(家庭)、亲属和friend(朋友)
This is my family. There are eight people in my family. They are my
(父母)【 and 】, (兄弟), (姐妹) (舅舅,叔叔), (姑姑,婶婶), (外公,爷爷)and (外婆,奶奶) 按性别分为boy and girl ,man and woman. ♀人物长相性格特征描述:
young ,funny ,tall ,strong ,big small ,long ,kind(和蔼的,亲切的) ,old ,
short ,thin ,strict(严厉的), (聪明的), (活跃的) (安静的),long hair , (短头发) ⊙问“他/她长什么样?” ?
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“他瘦瘦的,矮矮.他很和蔼” . . “她年轻而且漂亮.她很搞笑.” . . “他有黑色的短发和大大的眼睛.” . “她很安静.” .
14.学校建筑和学校生活(principal、teacher and student)
(操场), (花园),teacher’s office, (图书馆), (餐厅),classroom , (美术教室),computer room ,washroom, music room , (体育馆)
window, board, light, picture ,door ,floor ,classroom ,computer , teacher’s desk , (墙壁), (电风扇),desk and chair. 学校生活:read book ,do homework ,have English class \\ music class
\\ P.E. class\\math class\\ Chinese class ,do morning exercises ,play sports, 15.weather(天气)
问今天天气怎么样? ? It’s and . rainy , snowy , windy , cloudy , sunny , warm , cold , cool , hot , cloud , vapour 16.节日
Do you know When are these holidays?
① Spring festival(元旦) is on . ② Tree-planting Day(植树节) is on . ③ Children’s Day(儿童节) is on . ④ Army Day(建军节) is on . ⑤ Teacher’s Day(教师节) is on . ⑥ National Day(国庆节) is on . ⑦ Mid-autumn Day(中秋节) is on . ⑧ Lantern’s Day(元宵节) is on .
Season Spring ( March April May ) Summer ( June July August ) Holiday Fall( September October November )
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Winter( December January February ) ★日期的读法 比如:Jan.22nd 就读成 January the twenty-second Apr.19th 就读成April the nineteenth 17.方位
traffic light\\rule ,stop at a red light ,wait at a yellow light ,
go at a green light ,turn left ,turn right ,go straight ,next to(与„相邻),far away(远离„) , in , on ,under ,near ,behind(在„后面), over(在„上方),in front of(在„前面) ,east ,west ,south, north
This is my room. There is a bed, a desk ,a closet and a shelf. There are two end tables near the bed. The computer is on the desk. The books are on the shelf. The trash bin is behind the door. What can you see over the bed? It’s my picture. 18.日常生活、日常工作、日常学习的活动:
take a trip\\pictures, , read a magazine , go to the cinema ,get up ,go to school, go home ,go to bed ,play football ,have\\eat breakfast ,have\\eat lunch ,have\\eat dinner , climb mountains , go shopping , play the piano ,
visit grandparents ,go hiking , fly kites, skate ,make a snowman ,plant trees ,sleep ,draw pictures ,cook dinner ,read a book,
answer the phone, listen to music ,clean the room ,write a letter , write an e-mail , pick up leaves , collect leaves , play chess , have a picnic ,write a report ,drink water ,
jump ,walk ,run ,climb ,fight , swim ,swing
♀Miss Lin is a teacher. She (居住) in Yue Qing. She (教) English. She to work by car .She (读)newspaper everyday. She goes home at 11:15. She (看)TV in the evening. She goes to bed at 11 o’clock.
把以上的现在时态改成过去时态。 ♀Miss Lin a teacher. She (居住) in Yue Qing. She taught English. She to work by car .She (读)newspaper everyday.
She home at 11:15. She (看)TV in the evening. She to bed at 11 o’clock.
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19.职业(job)
singer , writer , TV reporter , policeman , salesperson ,cleaner , baseball player ,driver ,doctor ,farmer, nurse
actor , actress , artist , engineer , accountant 你是做什么的? ? 他\\她是做什么的? ? 20.代词
I me my 21.缩写
I am = it is = he is = she is = who is = that is = we will= what is = you are = they are = can not = do not = do not =
does not= is not= are not= let us = number = 22.实用的短句:
Good idea!( ) All right!( ) Good job!( ) Sure. Here you are. ( ) That’s right. ( ) No problem. ( )
小学四、五年级英语复习
本学年小学四、五年级所使用的教材均为广州市小学英语教材第四册,共七个单元。 从语言知识,特别是句型、语法的角度来划分,可分为三个模块:(1)Unit 1, 2,
3 主要围绕There be 句型的四种句式。(2)Unit 4, 5 学习有关问答物主、星期、时间的句型。(3)Unit 6, 7
为现在进行时的学习。与语法相比,这册书的话题相对没那么集中,包括有谈论室内布局和摆设(Unit 1,2)、购物前谈论店铺(Unit 2)、谈论家庭及人物(Unit 3)、谈论物主及对物品的态度(Unit 4)、谈论星期及时间(Unit 5)、谈论某人正在做某事情(Unit
6,7)、给予帮助及某某能否做某事(Unit 8)。四、五年级的教学内容相同,要求大体一致,但略有出入。 一、 复习目标及思路。
据《英语课程标准》对英语教学目标的描述,教学目标可从语言知识、语言技能、学习策略、情感态度、文化意识五方面去考虑。所以期末复习的主要任务是帮助学生重温本册书所学语言知识,宏观把握,系统
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we us our you you your he him his she her her it it its they them their
归纳梳理,形成知识结构;在对语言知识进行复习的同时,培养学生对相关知识听、说、读、写的技能;在复习知识、培养技能的过程中,发展学生的学习策略;在复习的全过程渗透情感态度和文化意识的熏陶;最终向形成“综合语言运用能力”的目标靠拢。那么,在短短的两、三周的复习时间内,可以把语言知识和语言技能作复习的两条主线,这两条线索是交叉进行的。
二、语言知识。
1.语音。本学期的语音重点是:在上学期音标学习的基础上,发展学生的单词拼读能力及能过语音记忆词汇的策略。音标将不会作为检测或考核的内容,所以在复习期间,不必把音标作为单列的内容去处理,可结合词汇复习进行渗透。除音标以外,语音方面还要让学生养成正确清晰的语音,自然流畅的语调,那么,教师要注意示范的准确性,而且,当学生出现语音错误时,要适时地给予纠正。 2.词汇。
1)词汇的类别。有研究表明,把同一类的词汇放在一起记忆,相对来说会容易一点。本册书的不少词汇可以按一定的词域分类,大致有:
① 居室及摆设:living-room, bathroom, kitchen, toilet, bedroom, garden, classroom;window, door, wall, floor, chair, light, shelf, shelves, cupboard, computer, blackboard…
② 职业:job, policeman, farmer, student, factory worker, soldier, doctor, nurse, driver, Young Pioneer… ③ 物主代词:
I you he she it we you they my your his her its our your their
mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs
④ 衣物:clothes, trousers, sock, coat, shirt, skirt, blouse, dress, jacket,
T-shirt, shoes, jeans…
⑤ 家庭成员:grandpa, grandma, daughter, father, mother, brother, sister, cousin, nephew…
⑥ 身体部位及五官:eye, ear, tooth, teeth, hair, hand, head, face, nose, mouth, arm, finger, leg, foot, body.
⑦ 星期:Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday ⑧ 动词(组):sit, read, write, stand, sing, play (with), wash, cook, clean, eat, drink, close, do, think, help, carry, catch, get down, worry, jump, run, fly,
throw, swim, drive, walk, have a class, come in, turn on, do one's homework, say goodbye, take a bath, …
(灰底色的单词为第1——3册教材中的新单词)
2)词汇的要求:词汇表中有△的表示“三会”(听、说、读)要求,其余为“四会”(听、说、读、写)要求。词汇方面的练习有:
① 听读句子,写出句子听所缺的单词。这些词一般为常用的词,有单音节词也有双音节词,有时词形会发生一些变化。除了听清以外,学生往往还能根据上下文意思判断出要填的单词。在一句话中,要填的单词通常不超过两个。练习举例:Lucy
is carrying her books to the house.
② 看图写出单词、词组或单词、词组中所缺的字母。练习举例: p _ _ _ f _ _ _ _ _ _ _ an E _ _ _ _ _ _ t_ _ _ _ _ _ 3)词汇的复习建议:
①词汇复习贯穿于每一节复习课,启发学生挖掘单词音、形、义间的联系,从而掌握词汇记忆的策略。 ②课内外结合,帮助学生形成词汇学习的调控策略。在制定复习计划时,教师应明确各个阶段甚至每天学生应该复习掌握的单词。每天上课的前五分钟可以做听写练习或做一些考反应等竞赛式的游戏活动去帮助学生记单词或检测他们记单词的进度。听写不仅仅是单个单词的听写,要注意把听写与情景或上下文结合
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起;而且听写的目的也不仅仅是检测他们能记忆多少个单词,有时可以去做Share
dictation, 以小组为单位,学生可以互相交流;听写时还要注意对不同学生可有不同的要求,如对于平时成绩好的学生,可做listen and spell,
但对于学习速度较慢的学生可做listen and number the words, listen and choose the words to fill
in the sentence, listen and match the words & pictures, etc.
另外,每天都可以给学生在词汇表中划出当天要复习的范围,当学生自认为记住了那个单词,就在单词前做个记号,这样,那些没记号的单词就是他们还没记住且要重点复习的词。 3.语法(句型)及日常用语(功能)。 1) 语法重点及难点:
① There be 句型与has意义上的区别。
② There be 句型的几句式(肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、单复数句型)。 ③ What's in the bedroom? There is a bed.
What's this on the desk? It's a bottle.
④ How many „ are there „? There are „
⑤Whose „ is this / that? Whose is this / that „? It's „
Whose … are these / those? Whose are these / those …? They're…
⑥现在进行时单复数句型的几种句式(肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、单复数句型)。 2) 日常用语:
① Do you like it? How do you like it?及其答语。 ② Excuse me. I want to „ Can I „? ③ Thank you very much. You're welcome. ④ Come with me. Come on! „ ⑤ May I „? Certainly.
⑥ What's „ job? He / She is a „ ⑦ ⑧ ⑨ ⑩
Pardon?
Don't put „ Put it / them away, please. Please take good care of „
What day is it today? What time is it? It's„
⑾Can you help me? Certainly. Don't worry. Let me help you.
⑿ „ can „ , but „ can't „
以上语法及日常用语要求在听和读时能理解,能在情景或上下文中正确运用。 3) 语法及日常用语复习建议: ①避免做机械的纯语法的操练。现在已到了复习阶段,学生对以上语法内容不再象新课那样陌生了,所以,机械的、无意义的、枯燥的纯语法或句型操练不但不能培养学生的语言运用能力,而且令他们对复习课感到厌倦和失去兴趣。故此,设计复习活动时要适当考虑学生实际的认知能力及语言基础,恰如其份地设计对学生来说具有一定挑战性的练习活动。
②语法操练活动设计要注重情景性及语言的功能性。任何语言假如脱离情景都是没意义的,而且语言活动均是在一定情景中发生的,而且,语言的社会功能性很强,我们运用语言目的往往是为了解决一定的问题。所以,在设计语法操练活动时,应尽量给学生创设真实的情景,而且情景要与现实生活相联系,这样,学生才能体会语言的功能性。例如:What
are you doing? Are you doing…?
这个句子就不适宜看着对方来问,为使语言用得更得体和合理,我们可设计以下几活动:A、在打电话时问对方;B、妈妈在门敲门,问房间里的小孩在干什么;C、具有信息差距的Guessing games……
4)语法练习举隅:
①完形填空:选择适当的词完成短文。(把以前的语法单项选择填空改为放在语篇中训练)
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② 看图完成句子,如:
A. What are the children ___________? They are ___________?
B. What _________ is it? It's six twenty-five.
It's time to _________ __________.
5.话题。本册书的话题较为零散,大概有前面提及过的那些项目,所以,复习时如把话题作为复习内容安排的线索就相对会有困难。但是,尽管把语法或句型作为复习内容安排的主线,也应把相关的语法操练活动紧扣一个相对集中的话题进行。
三、语言技能。
1.听的能力。听的能力主要是包括:选择性地提取信息的能力、听辨并记录的能力、理解句子的能力、理解句子并作出应答的能力、理解短文的能力。练习的形式大概有: ① 听读句子,选择单词或词组把句子补充完整。(四年级)例: ( ) These are ___________. A. cats B. cars ② 听读句子,选择句子中所含有的信息。(五年级) ( ) A. cats B. cars C. caps
③ 听读句子,填上句子所缺的单词。
Is Kate _____________? No, she is working in the ___________. ④ 听读日常用语,选出适当的答语。(四年级) ( ) Fine, thank you. And you? ( ) Sure.
( ) It's seven o'clock.
⑤ 听读句子,判断句子是否与图相符。 ⑥ 听读句子,看图选出最佳答语。 ( ) A. There are some balls.
B. No, there aren't. C. Yes, there are.
⑦ 听读短文,判断句子是否与短文意思一致。 ( ) 1. Tim is a new student. ( ) 2. Mr. Gray is Tim's father.
( ) 3. Tim's father is a teacher.
( ) 4. Tim's father and mother are in the U.S.A. 以上听力例子朗读材料: ① These are cars.
② These are cars.
③ Is Kate running? No, she is working in the garden.
④ A. May I see your picture? B. What time is it? C. How are you? ⑤ This is Mike's bag. ⑥ What's in the box?
⑦ I am Tim. I'm a new student. My father, Mr. Green, is a doctor. My mother is a teacher. I have a sister. I like her. My father and I are in China. My mother
and my sister are in the U.S.A. 2.
说的能力。包括按实际情况真实地交谈、看图说话、看图问答、自编对话或小品等。尽管四、五年级对学生的英语口语评价还没有在全区范围内开展,但我们还是希望教师们在教学过程中能重视学生的说能力的培养,多给学生进行说的练习。
3. 读的能力。读包括朗读和阅读,读句子与语篇。除了把课文朗读好以外,笔头方面的阅读练习有:
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① 看图选择最能表达图意的句子。 ( ) A. There is a bike on the hill.
B. There is a bike in front of the house. C. There is a bike under the tree. ② 选出适当的词完成短文。(例子详见“语法”部分)
③ 阅读短文或对话,判断句子是否与短文或对话意思一致。(例子略)
4.写的能力。主要的练习形式有:看图写单词或词组、补全对话(四年级提供可选择的单词、五年级则没有)、看图完成句子(五年级)、据实际情况回答问题。(训练题样略) 资料—句式变换小学英语复习资料—句式变换 一、 把一般现在时改为过去时。
(1)①I am a student.( 改be动词) am/ is/ are——was/were
______________________________________________________________________ ②He is a doctor.
______________________________________________________________________
③She is a teacher.
______________________________________________________________________
④They are my friends.
______________________________________________________________________
(2)①Gogo goes to school by bike.(改动词)
______________________________________________________________________
②I like mangoes.
______________________________________________________________________
③They play basketball.
______________________________________________________________________ 二、把一般现在时改为现在进行时。(现在进行时:be+Ving) 1)I go to the park.
_____________________________________________________________________
2)They listen to the radio.
_____________________________________________________________________ 3)She does her homework.
_____________________________________________________________________
三、把一般现在时改为一般将来时。(将来时:be going to/will+V原)
1)I go to the park.
_____________________________________________________________________
2)They watch TV every day.
_____________________________________________________________________ 3)Jenny sings a song .
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_____________________________________________________________________
四、把一般现在时改为过去进行时。[过去进行时:be( was/were)+Ving] 1)I stay in a hotel.
_____________________________________________________________________
2)They have fun with friends.
_____________________________________________________________________ 3)Ben digs a hole quickly .
_____________________________________________________________________ 五、把过去进行时改为现在进行时。
[过去进行时:be( was/were)+Ving]——(现进:am/ is/ are+Ving) 1)I was laughing loudly.
_____________________________________________________________________
2)They were waiting for a friend.
_____________________________________________________________________ 3)Tony was looking for a toy .
_____________________________________________________________________ 4)She was eating hot dogs .
_____________________________________________________________________
六、按要求改写成相对应的时态。
1)I buy a can of cola.
①____________________________________________(一般过去时) ②____________________________________________(现在进行时) ③____________________________________________(一般将来时) ④____________________________________________(过去进行时) 2)She washed face yesterday.
①____________________________________________(一般现在时) ②____________________________________________(现在进行时) ③____________________________________________(一般将来时) ④____________________________________________(过去进行时) 3)They are visiting their relatives.
①____________________________________________(一般现在时) ②____________________________________________(现在过去时) ③____________________________________________(一般将来时) ④____________________________________________(过去进行时) 4)Tom and Ben are going to go to Beijing.
①____________________________________________(一般现在时) ②____________________________________________(一般过去时) ③____________________________________________(现在进行时) ④____________________________________________(过去进行时)
七、不规则的动词过去式。
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(1)不变。cut(剪) hurt(受伤) hit(打) let(让) put(放) read(读) (2)改i为o drive-drove(开车) ride-rode(骑)
rise-rose(升起) write-wrote (写) win-won(赢)
(3)该i为a begin-began(开始)drink-drank(喝) sit-sat(坐) give-gave(给) sing-sang(唱歌) swim-swam(游泳) (4)改为aught catch-caught(抓住) teach-taught(教) (5)改为ought buy-bought(买) bring-brought(带来) think-thought(思考)
(6)改eep为ept sleep-slept(睡觉) sweep-swept(打扫) keep-kept(保持)
(7)改a/ow为ew blow-blew(吹) know-knew (知道) throw-threw(扔) draw-drew(画画)
(8)其它形式am/is-was(是) are-were(是) come-came(来) do-did(做) eat-ate(吃) fall-fell(落下) find-found(找到) feel-felt(感觉) get-got(得到) forget-forgot(忘记) go-went(去)
have-had(有) hear-heard(听) lose-lost(丢失) meet-met(见面)
make-made(制造) run-ran(跑步) say-said(说) see-saw(看见) sell-sold(卖) send-sent(寄) speak-spoke(讲)
take-took(带走) tell-told(告诉) wake-woke(醒)
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